Respirator

Abstract

The invention provides a respirator. The respirator comprises an oxygen pipe and a mouth-nose mask. The oxygen pipe is respectively provided with a main air inlet path and a control air path which are communicated with the mouth-nose mask; the main air inlet path is provided with a lever roller type valve and a folding air bag, and the folding air bag expands to extrude the lever roller type valve to be closed when the air pressure of the main air inlet path is increased; the control gas circuit is provided with a control valve, and a pressure sensing diaphragm is arranged in a shell of the control valve and divides the inner space of the shell into two parts. An air inlet hole, an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in the shell corresponding to one side of the pressure sensing diaphragm; one side of the air plug is provided with a connecting rod which is connected with the pressure sensing diaphragm; the main air inlet path is further provided with an air bag valve between the folding air bag and the mouth-nose mask, and an air bag of the air bag valve is communicated with the control air path. The mechanical feedback control system has the beneficial effects that two sets of mechanical feedback control systems which are independent from each other and are logically associated are formed through parallel double-path cooperative control and pure mechanical automatic cut-off design of the main air inlet path and the control air path.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a respirator. BACKGROUND

[0002] A hyperbaric oxygen chamber is a kind of closed pressure vessel for clinical treatment by providing an air pressure environment higher than one atmosphere, usually 2.0-3.0 absolute atmospheres. Its core treatment principle is based on Boyle's law and Henry's law: in a high pressure environment, the physical dissolved oxygen content in human body plasma and tissue fluid increases linearly, thereby significantly increasing the partial pressure of blood oxygen, expanding the diffusion radius of oxygen, correcting tissue hypoxia, inhibiting the growth of anaerobic bacteria, reducing tissue edema and promoting blood vessel neogenesis and wound healing. The device has become a key medical device for treating diseases such as carbon monoxide poisoning, gas embolism, refractory osteomyelitis, radiation tissue damage and sudden deafness.

[0003] As the only direct interface for gas exchange between patients and high-purity oxygen during hyperbaric oxygen therapy, the performance of the respirator in the chamber is crucial. The respirator usually consists of a mouth and nose mask, a corrugated flexible oxygen tube, and an exhaust tube to form a semi-closed circulation system. The standard working process is: pure oxygen adjusted by a pressure reducing valve is delivered to the patient through the oxygen tube for inhalation; the waste gas exhaled by the patient is guided to a collection bag or outside the chamber through the exhaust tube to avoid the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the mask.

[0004] In actual application, problems such as large oxygen regulation flow of the respirator system, loose interface, aging and cracking of the corrugated tube, or poor fit of the mask to the face, can all lead to a dangerous phenomenon: pure oxygen for treatment leaks into the atmosphere in the hyperbaric oxygen chamber. Since the chamber body itself is completely sealed, the leaked oxygen cannot be discharged in time and will gradually accumulate, causing the oxygen concentration in the chamber environment to continuously rise, exceeding the safety standard and causing safety hazards. Therefore, the oxygen leakage problem of the respirator is a hidden but crucial systemic risk point in hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and its prevention and control is a core link to ensure treatment safety. In addition, the existing respirator design also has the problem of excessive inhalation resistance, which is mainly due to the fact that the patient needs to inhale forcefully to overcome the oxygen pressure of the oxygen source and open the valve needle, and the opening of the valve needle is very small and needs to further increase the inhalation force. Excessive resistance will additionally increase the load of the respiratory muscles, leading to respiratory muscle fatigue, especially for elderly and weak patients and children. Therefore, the problems of excessive inhalation resistance and oxygen leakage coexist, which form a safety hazard. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problems of excessive inhalation resistance and oxygen leakage coexistence of the respirator in the hyperbaric oxygen chamber, which form a safety hazard; The present application provides a respirator, comprising an oxygen tube and a mouth and nose mask. The oxygen tube is provided with a main air inlet path and a control air path respectively to communicate with the mouth and nose mask; The main air inlet path is provided with a lever roller valve and a folding air bag, the folding air bag and the lever roller valve are oppositely arranged, and the main air inlet path air pressure becomes large to make the folding air bag expand and press the lever roller valve to close; The control gas path is provided with a control valve, a pressure-sensitive diaphragm is arranged in the shell of the control valve to divide the internal space of the shell into two parts; an air inlet hole is formed on the shell corresponding to one side of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm, and an air inlet opening communicated with the oxygen pipe and an air outlet opening communicated with the oral-nasal mask are respectively formed on the shell corresponding to the other side of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm; The pressure-sensitive diaphragm is oppositely arranged with the air inlet opening, the air inlet opening is a variable-diameter pipe, a gas plug is arranged at the large-diameter part of the air inlet opening, the diameter of the gas plug is larger than the small diameter of the air inlet opening and smaller than the large diameter of the air inlet opening, a connecting rod is arranged on one side of the gas plug to connect the pressure-sensitive diaphragm, and a spring is arranged on the other side of the gas plug to connect the inner wall of the air inlet opening; when the pressure on both sides of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm is equal, the spring drives the gas plug to block the air inlet opening, and when inhaling, the pressure-sensitive diaphragm drives the gas plug to move through the connecting rod to open the air inlet opening; The main air inlet path is further provided with an air bag valve between the folding air bag and the oral-nasal mask, the air bag of the air bag valve is communicated with the control gas path, and when the air inlet opening is blocked, the gas in the control gas path flows into the air bag to block the main air inlet path.

[0006] As a preferred solution, the oral-nasal mask is provided with an inhalation pipe and an exhalation pipe, the inhalation pipe is communicated with the oxygen pipe, and a one-way valve is arranged in each of the inhalation pipe and the exhalation pipe.

[0007] As a preferred solution, a first three-way pipe is arranged between the oxygen pipe, the main air inlet path and the control gas path, a second three-way pipe is arranged between the control gas path and the air inlet pipe of the air bag, and a third three-way pipe is arranged between the oral-nasal mask, the main air inlet path and the control gas path.

[0008] As a preferred solution, a pressure reducing valve is arranged between the first three-way pipe and the second three-way pipe, and the pressure reducing valve is closed when the gas pressure in the control gas path is higher than a threshold value.

[0009] As a preferred solution, a box body is arranged outside the folding air bag, a hole is formed in the top of the box body corresponding to the position of the lever roller valve, and holes are also formed in the side of the box body corresponding to the positions of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the folding air bag.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the lever roller valve is normally open, a trigger switch and a trigger lever are arranged at the lower end of the lever roller valve, one end of the trigger lever is hinged to the valve body and hangs down under the action of gravity, and the folding air bag expands to push the trigger lever upward and press the trigger switch to close the lever roller valve.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the pressure-sensitive diaphragm is a circular thin film made of rubber or silicone, the thickness of the film is not more than 0.5 mm, a circular metal sheet is embedded in the center of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm to enhance the local rigidity and transmission effect, and the circular metal sheet is connected to the connecting rod.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the oral-nasal mask integrates a flow meter that monitors the amount of inhaled air, which flow meter uses a micro electromagnetic flow meter or a low flow resistance thermal flow meter.

[0013] The present application has the advantages of: 1. The present application uses parallel double-pathway coordinated control of the main air inlet pathway and the control air pathway and pure mechanical automatic cutoff design, forming two sets of mechanical feedback control systems that are independent of each other but are logically related. During the inhalation phase of the user, negative pressure is generated in the oral-nasal mask, and this pressure change acts synchronously on the pressure-sensitive diaphragm of the control air pathway. The diaphragm, under the action of the pressure difference, drives the air plug connected to it through the connecting rod, thereby opening the control air pathway. At the same time, the pressure in the control air pathway decreases, the air bag in the air bag valve contracts, and the main air inlet pathway is in an open state, so that oxygen can be smoothly supplied to the user. When the exhalation phase or apnea is entered, the pressure in the oral-nasal mask returns to positive pressure or balances with the oxygen supply pressure, the pressure on both sides of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm tends to be the same, and the spring immediately pushes the air plug back to its original position, tightly blocking the air inlet of the control air pathway. The pressure in the control air pathway increases, the air bag in the air bag valve expands, and the air inlet pipe is blocked, preventing pure oxygen from leaking into the hyperbaric oxygen chamber.

[0014] 2. The present application uses the linkage of the folding air bag in the main air inlet pathway and the lever roller valve, so that when the air pressure in the main air inlet pathway increases, the inflated folding air bag pushes up the trigger lever of the lever roller valve, closing the valve that is normally open. A pressure relief valve is also provided in the control air pathway, forming a double and hard cutoff of the oxygen supply path, which fully guarantees the air pressure stability and safety of the entire device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to make the content of the present application more easily understood, the present application will be further described in detail below according to specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0016] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the control valve of the present application.

[0017] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the lever roller valve of the present application In the drawings, the reference signs are as follows: 1. Oxygen pipe; 2. Folding air bag; 21. Box body; 22. Top plate; 3. Pressure relief valve; 4. Lever roller valve; 41. Trigger switch; 42. Trigger lever; 43. Valve core; 44. Reset spring; 5. Control valve; 51. Housing; 52. Pressure-sensitive diaphragm; 53. Air inlet hole; 54. Air inlet; 55. Air outlet; 56. Air plug; 57. Connecting rod; 6. Air bag valve; 61. Air bag; 7. Oral-nasal mask; 71. Inhalation tube; 72. Exhalation tube; 73. One-way valve; 74. Flow meter; 8. First three-way pipe; 9. Second three-way pipe; 10. Third three-way pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To illustrate the features of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Example: Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides a respirator, specifically comprising an oxygen tube 1 with an outer diameter of 10 mm and a mouth and nose mask 7. The oxygen tube 1 is connected by tubing to form a main air intake path and a control air path, both of which ultimately connect to the mouth and nose mask 7. The control air path is thinner, with an inner diameter of 6.3 mm. The main air intake path is thicker, with an inner diameter of 22.4 mm.

[0020] Along the main air intake path, a lever-roller valve 4, a folding airbag 2, and an airbag valve 6 are arranged sequentially in the airflow direction. The folding airbag 2 is made of medical-grade silicone and has a volume of 2 liters in its natural state. It is protected by a rigid housing 21. An opening is provided on the top of the housing 21 directly opposite the lever-roller valve 4, and perforations are also provided on its side for the air inlet and outlet pipes of the folding airbag 2. A top plate 22 is provided on the top of the folding airbag 2 to trigger the lever-roller valve 4. The lever-roller valve 4 is normally open and contains a valve core 43 that can move up and down. The valve core 43 has a return spring 44, and a trigger switch 41 and a trigger rod 42 with a length of 50 mm are located at its lower end. One end of the trigger rod 42 is hinged to the valve body and maintains a drooping posture under its own weight. The valve core 43 is a variable diameter cylinder, with larger diameters at both ends to block the air passage and smaller diameters in the middle to allow airflow. When the main intake air pressure increases, causing the folding airbag 2 to inflate, the airbag pushes the trigger rod 42 upwards, causing it to press the trigger switch 41 and move the valve core 43 upwards. This moves the larger diameter portion of the valve core 43 to the corresponding position in the inlet and outlet pipes, closing the lever-roller valve 4 and thus shutting off the main air passage. When the air pressure decreases and the folding airbag 2 contracts, the return spring 44 pushes the valve core 43 back to its normally open position, moving the smaller diameter portion to the corresponding position in the inlet and outlet pipes, restoring the main air passage to unobstructed flow.

[0021] In the control air circuit, there is a crucial control valve 5. The housing 51 of the control valve 5 is divided into two chambers by a circular silicone pressure-sensitive diaphragm 52 with a thickness of 0.3 mm. A circular metal plate with a diameter of 15 mm is embedded in the center of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm 52 to enhance rigidity. One chamber has an air inlet 53, while the other chamber has an air inlet 54 connecting to the oxygen tube 1 and an air outlet 55 connecting to the nasal mask 7. The air inlet 54 is a reducing pipe structure, with an air plug 56 inside its larger diameter end. The diameter of the air plug 56 is designed to be larger than the diameter of the smaller end of the air inlet 54 but smaller than the diameter of its larger end. One side of the air plug 56 is connected to the metal plate in the center of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm 52 via a connecting rod 57, and the other side is connected to the inner wall of the air inlet 54 via a spring with a stiffness coefficient of 0.5 N / mm. In a static state, the spring pushes the air plug 56 to seal the air inlet 54. When the user inhales, creating negative pressure inside the mouth and nose mask 7, this negative pressure is transmitted through the air outlet 55 to one side of the pressure-sensing diaphragm 52, creating a pressure difference on both sides. The pressure-sensing diaphragm 52 then deforms, pulling the air plug 56 against the spring force via the connecting rod 57, thereby opening the air inlet 54 and allowing oxygen to flow in.

[0022] The airbag valve 6 on the main intake path is located between the lever-roller valve 4 and the mouth and nose mask 7. Inside it is a small airbag 61, which is connected to the control air path through an intake pipe. When the pressure in the control air path increases due to the air inlet 54 being blocked by the air plug 56, gas will fill the airbag 61 and inflate it, thereby blocking the main intake path.

[0023] The oxygen tube 1, main air intake line, and control air line are separated by a first three-way connector 8. The control air line is connected to the air intake line of the airbag 61 by a second three-way connector 9. The mouth and nose mask 7, main air intake line, and control air line converge by a third three-way connector 10. A pressure reducing valve 3 is also installed on the control air line section between the first three-way connector 8 and the second three-way connector 9. When the air pressure in the control air line exceeds a set threshold of 15 kPa, the pressure reducing valve 3 will automatically close.

[0024] The mouth and nose mask 7 is equipped with an inhalation tube 71 and an exhalation tube 72. The inhalation tube 71 is connected to oxygen from the third three-way tube 10, and the exhalation tube 72 is used to expel waste gas. Both the inhalation tube 71 and the exhalation tube 72 are equipped with one-way valves 73 to ensure correct airflow direction. In addition, a low-flow-resistance heat-generating mass flow meter 74 is integrated to realize real-time monitoring, safety alarm, and cumulative measurement of inhaled air volume.

[0025] This respirator provides the main oxygen source through the main air intake path and senses the user's breathing rhythm through a sophisticated pressure-sensitive diaphragm-plug mechanism. It uses pressure changes to control various valves, creating negative pressure within the mouth and nose mask 7 during the user's inhalation phase. This pressure change synchronously acts on the pressure-sensitive diaphragm 52 in the control air path. Under the pressure difference, the pressure-sensitive diaphragm 52 drives the connected plug 56 upward via the connecting rod 57, thereby opening the control air path and ensuring its unobstructed state. The air bladder 61 contracts, the air bladder valve 6 opens, and the main air intake path also becomes unobstructed, allowing oxygen to be supplied to the user smoothly. When the user enters the expiratory phase or sleep apnea, the pressure inside the nasal mask 7 returns to positive pressure or balances with the oxygen supply pressure. The pressure on both sides of the pressure-sensing diaphragm 52 becomes equal, and the spring immediately pushes the air plug 56 to reset, tightly blocking the air inlet of the control airway to prevent pure oxygen from leaking into the hyperbaric oxygen chamber. At the same time, the blocked oxygen enters the airbag 61, causing the airbag 61 to inflate and close the airbag valve 6. This closes both the control airway and the main air inlet, achieving a double cutoff of the oxygen supply path and realizing automatic synchronization between oxygen supply and breathing needs, effectively improving the safety and comfort of use.

[0026] The above embodiments and accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Other related technical structures not disclosed in detail in the present invention are existing technologies in the art.

Claims

1. A respirator comprising an oxygen tube (1) and a mouth and nose mask (7); Its features are: The oxygen tube (1) is respectively provided with a main air intake path and a control air path connected to the mouth and nose mask (7); The main air intake path is equipped with a lever roller valve (4) and a folding airbag (2). The folding airbag (2) and the lever roller valve (4) are arranged opposite to each other. When the air pressure in the main air intake path changes, the folding airbag (2) expands and squeezes the lever roller valve (4) to close. The control air path is equipped with a control valve (5). The control valve (5) has a pressure-sensitive diaphragm (52) inside its housing (51) that divides the internal space of the housing (51) into two parts. An air inlet (53) is opened on the housing corresponding to one side of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm (52), and an air inlet (54) connecting to the oxygen tube (1) and an air outlet (55) connecting to the nostril mask (7) are opened on the housing corresponding to the other side. The pressure-sensitive diaphragm (52) is positioned opposite to the air inlet (54). The air inlet (54) is a variable diameter pipe, with an air plug (56) installed on the larger diameter portion. The diameter of the air plug (56) is larger than the smaller diameter of the air inlet (54) but smaller than the larger diameter of the air inlet (54). A connecting rod (57) is installed on one side of the air plug (56) to connect to the pressure-sensitive diaphragm (52), and a spring is installed on the other side to connect to the inner wall of the air inlet (54). When the pressure on both sides of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm (52) is equal, the spring drives the air plug (56) to block the air inlet (54). When air is drawn in, the pressure-sensitive diaphragm (52) drives the air plug (56) to move and open the air inlet (54) through the connecting rod (57). The main air intake path is further provided with an airbag valve (6) between the folded airbag (2) and the mouth and nose mask (7). The airbag (61) of the airbag valve (6) is connected to the control air path. When the air inlet (54) is blocked, the gas in the control air path flows into the airbag (61) to block the main air intake path.

2. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mouth and nose mask (7) is provided with an inhalation tube (71) and an exhalation tube (72). The inhalation tube (71) is connected to the oxygen tube (1). Both the inhalation tube (71) and the exhalation tube (72) are provided with a one-way valve (73).

3. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first three-way pipe (8) is provided between the oxygen pipe (1), the main air intake path and the control air path, a second three-way pipe (9) is provided between the control air path and the air intake pipe of the airbag (61), and a third three-way pipe (10) is provided between the mouth and nose mask (7), the main air intake path and the control air path.

4. The respirator according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure reducing valve (3) is provided between the first three-way pipe (8) and the second three-way pipe (9). The pressure reducing valve (3) is closed when the air pressure in the control air circuit is higher than the threshold.

5. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the folding airbag (2) is provided with a box (21). The top of the box (21) is provided with an opening corresponding to the position of the lever roller valve (4), and the side is provided with openings corresponding to the positions of the air inlet pipe and air outlet pipe of the folding airbag (2). The top of the folding airbag (2) is provided with a top plate (22) to trigger the lever roller valve (4).

6. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lever-roller valve (4) is normally open and has a valve core (43) that can move up and down inside. The valve core (43) is equipped with a return spring (44). The lower end of the lever-roller valve (4) is equipped with a trigger switch (41) and a trigger rod (42). One end of the trigger rod (42) is hinged to the valve body and hangs down under its own weight. The folding airbag (2) expands and pushes the trigger rod (42) upward, which in turn squeezes the trigger switch (41) to make the valve core (43) move up and close the lever-roller valve (4).

7. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-sensitive diaphragm (52) is a circular thin film made of rubber or silicone with a thickness not exceeding 0.5 mm. A circular metal plate connecting rod (57) is embedded in the center of the pressure-sensitive diaphragm (52) to enhance local stiffness and transmission effect.

8. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mouth and nose mask (7) integrates a flow meter (74) to monitor the inhaled air volume. The flow meter (74) is a miniature electromagnetic flow meter or a low flow resistance thermal flow meter.

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