Device and method for extracting salix christinae hance polysaccharide

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of polysaccharide extraction, in particular to a christina loosestrife polysaccharide extraction device and method.The device comprises a crushing mechanism and an extraction mechanism; the crushing mechanism comprises an inner cylinder, a motor a, a rod a and a blade; the motor a is connected to one end of the inner cylinder; the rod a is rotationally arranged in the inner cylinder and is connected with the output end of the motor a; a plurality of blades are circumferentially distributed on the rod a; the extraction mechanism comprises a motor b, an outer cylinder, a plate a, a rod b, a plate b, a gear a and a gear ring a; the outer cylinder is rotationally arranged on the inner cylinder; the motor b is arranged on the bottom plate and is in transmission connection with the outer cylinder; a plurality of plates a are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder; the multiple rods b are rotationally connected with the outer cylinder; the plurality of plates b are circumferentially distributed on the rod b; the gear a is connected to one end of the rod b; the gear ring a is connected to the inner cylinder and engaged with the gear a. According to the method, the phenomenon of excessive crushing is avoided, the function of synchronously performing extraction and crushing is realized, and the extraction efficiency of the salix christinae hance polysaccharide is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polysaccharide extraction technology, specifically to a device and method for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana*. Background Technology

[0002] Golden willow, especially its leaves (commonly known as "Qingqianliu"), has attracted much attention because it is rich in polysaccharide components with bioactive properties such as lowering blood sugar and anti-oxidation.

[0003] When extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana*, it needs to be crushed. The crushed *Salix matsudana* powder is then dissolved from the plant cells using a suitable solvent (most commonly water) under set conditions (temperature, time, and material-to-liquid ratio). However, in current methods, all *Salix matsudana* are crushed before being transferred to the extraction equipment for polysaccharide extraction. Due to the varying degrees of crushing during the process, over-extraction (or even gelatinization) of particles often occurs. Because qualified *Salix matsudana* powder cannot be separated in a timely manner, a long vacuum period exists during the extraction process, significantly reducing extraction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background art by proposing a device and method for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana*.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention: a device for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana*, comprising: The support mechanism includes a base plate, support a, and support b; the base plate is located on the ground; support a has two sets arranged opposite each other on the base plate; support b is located on the base plate. The crushing mechanism includes an inner cylinder, a motor a, a rod a, and blades; the inner cylinder is connected to a support a and a support b; the motor a is connected to one end of the inner cylinder; the rod a is rotatably disposed inside the inner cylinder and connected to the output end of the motor a; multiple blades are provided and are circumferentially distributed on the rod a; The extraction mechanism includes a motor b, an outer cylinder, a plate a, a rod b, a gear a, and a gear ring a. The outer cylinder is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the inner cylinder. The motor b is mounted on the base plate and is connected to the outer cylinder for transmission. Multiple plates a are provided and are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder. One end of the plate a is provided with an arc-shaped block that fits against the outer surface of the inner cylinder. Two adjacent sets of plates a cooperate with the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer surface of the inner cylinder to form an extraction cavity. Multiple rods b are provided and are rotatably connected to the outer cylinder. Each rod b is located between two adjacent sets of plates a. Multiple plates b are provided and are circumferentially distributed on the rod b. The gear a is connected to one end of the rod b. The gear ring a is connected to the inner cylinder and meshes with the gear a.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom end of the inner cylinder has an opening a; a filter screen is provided in the opening a; a pull-out port communicating with the opening is provided on the inner cylinder; a baffle is slidably provided in the pull-out port.

[0007] Preferably, one end of the inner cylinder has an opening b; a door panel is hinged to the inner wall of the opening b.

[0008] Preferably, one end of rod b has a cavity; an electric heating rod is provided in the cavity; and a cap is threaded to one end of rod b.

[0009] Preferably, the output end of the motor b is connected to a gear b; the outer surface of the outer cylinder is provided with a gear ring b; the gear b meshes with the gear ring b.

[0010] Preferably, an observation window, pipe a, and pipe b are provided on the outer cylinder sidewall between two adjacent sets of plates a; both pipe a and pipe b are provided with valves.

[0011] This invention also proposes a method for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana*, using the aforementioned *Salix matsudana* polysaccharide extraction apparatus, comprising the following steps: S1. Replenishing solvent: Turn on motor b, which drives the outer cylinder to rotate, so that each extraction chamber rotates to the bottom in turn. Then, the solvent is injected into the extraction chamber through tube a. At the same time, turn on the electric heating rod and heat the solvent through tube a. S2. Raw material crushing: Open the door panel and put the money tree to be crushed into the inner cylinder. Turn on motor a. Motor a drives rod a. Rod a drives the blade to rotate and cut the money tree. S3, Polysaccharide Extraction: While S2 is in progress, the baffle is pulled out from the pull-out port, and then motor b is turned on. Motor b drives the outer cylinder to rotate, causing the extraction chamber to rotate to the bottom in turn. At this time, the golden willow powder with qualified particle size during the crushing process will pass through the filter screen and enter the extraction chamber. Under the action of the solvent, the polysaccharides in the powder particles can be dissolved and extracted, realizing the function of simultaneous crushing and extraction of golden willow.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: By incorporating a crushing mechanism and an extraction mechanism, and by rotating the outer cylinder on the surface of the inner cylinder, each extraction chamber passes under the inner cylinder in turn. This allows the properly crushed *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder to be separated and enter the extraction chamber in a timely manner, avoiding over-crushing (or even gelatinization). This achieves the function of simultaneous extraction and crushing, significantly improving the extraction efficiency of polysaccharide components in *Gynostemma pentaphyllum*. Furthermore, since the residence time in each extraction chamber is the same, it ensures that the amount of *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder entering each extraction chamber at one time is approximately the same, achieving an automatic distribution function for *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 A three-dimensional representation of an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A three-dimensional representation of an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the inner cylinder in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the outer cylinder and plate a in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between rod b, the electric heating rod, and the cap in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1. Outer cylinder; 101. Pull-out port; 2. Inner cylinder; 3. Base plate; 4. Support a; 5. Gear ring b; 6. Motor b; 7. Gear b; 8. Observation window; 9. Door panel; 10. Tube b; 11. Tube a; 12. Plate a; 13. Blade; 14. Rod a; 15. Filter screen; 16. Rod b; 17. Plate b; 18. Gear a; 19. Gear ring a; 20. Motor a; 21. Support b; 22. Electric heating rod; 23. Cap; 24. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0014] Example 1, as Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention proposes a polysaccharide extraction device for *Salix matsudana*, which includes a support mechanism, a crushing mechanism, and an extraction mechanism. The support mechanism includes a base plate 3, a support a4, and a support b21; the base plate 3 is located on the ground; two sets of supports a4 are arranged opposite each other on the base plate 3; and the support b21 is located on the base plate 3. The crushing mechanism includes an inner cylinder 2, a motor a20, a rod a14, and blades 13; the inner cylinder 2 is connected to a support a4 and a support b21 (the support a4 and support b21 provide support and fixation for the inner cylinder 2); the motor a20 is connected to one end of the inner cylinder 2; the rod a14 is rotatably located inside the inner cylinder 2 and connected to the output end of the motor a20; multiple blades 13 are provided and circumferentially distributed on the rod a14 (the motor a20 drives the rod a14 to rotate, which in turn drives the blades 13 to rotate, thus cutting and crushing the willow catkins); the bottom end of the inner cylinder 2 has an opening a. The opening a is equipped with a filter screen 15 (filter screen 15a is used to filter the powder of *Gynostemma pentaphyllum*, ensuring that qualified *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder can be separated in time and avoiding excessive breakage); the inner cylinder 2 is provided with a pull-out port 101 that communicates with the opening; a baffle 24 is slidably provided in the pull-out port 101 (baffle 24 can temporarily block the opening and prevent sewage from entering the extraction chamber during cleaning); one end of the inner cylinder 2 is provided with an opening b; a door panel 9 is hinged to the inner wall of the opening b (by opening the door panel 9, it is convenient to place *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* into the inner cylinder 2); The extraction mechanism includes a motor b6, an outer cylinder 1, a plate a12, a rod b16, a plate b17, a gear a18, and a gear ring a19. The outer cylinder 1 is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the inner cylinder 2 (the outer surface of the inner cylinder 2 has an annular groove; the two side walls of the inner cylinder 2 are slidably connected to the annular groove). An observation window 8 (with graduations on the observation window 8 for easy control of the solvent injection volume in the extraction chamber), a tube a11, and a tube b10 are provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder 1 between two adjacent sets of plates a12. Both tube a11 and tube b10 are equipped with… There is a valve; motor b6 is mounted on the base plate 3 and connected to the outer cylinder 1 for transmission; the output end of motor b6 is connected to gear b7; a gear ring b5 is provided on the outer surface of the outer cylinder 1; gear b7 meshes with gear ring b5; multiple plates a12 are provided and circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1; one end of plate a12 is provided with an arc-shaped block that fits against the outer surface of the inner cylinder 2 (both the surface of the arc-shaped block and the outer surface of the inner cylinder 2 are provided with a nitrile rubber layer; nitrile rubber is a commonly used and excellent material in sliding seals, with wear resistance, oil resistance, and low cost). The advantages of high efficiency ensure the sliding seal between the arc-shaped block and the outer surface of the outer cylinder 1); two adjacent sets of plates a12 cooperate with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 and the outer surface of the inner cylinder 2 to form an extraction chamber (the solvent in the extraction chamber is generally water; a water temperature sensor is provided in the extraction chamber to monitor the water temperature, and the solvent in the extraction chamber generally needs to be heated to 80-100℃; the water temperature sensor includes, but is not limited to, thermistor sensors); multiple rods b16 are provided and are rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 1; a chamber is opened at one end of the rod b16; an electric heating rod 22 is provided in the chamber; a cap 23 is threaded to one end of the rod b16 (the cap 23 has a power supply inside to power the electric heating rod 22; by unscrewing the cap 23, the electric heating rod 22 can be removed from the inside of the rod b16 for inspection and replacement); each rod b16 is located between two adjacent sets of plates a12; multiple plates b17 are provided and are circumferentially distributed on the rod b16; a gear a18 is connected to one end of the rod b16; a gear ring a19 is connected to the inner cylinder 2 and meshes with the gear a18.

[0015] In this embodiment, motor b6 is first turned on to drive gear b7 to rotate intermittently, gear b7 drives gear ring b5 to rotate intermittently, and gear ring b5 drives outer cylinder 1 to rotate intermittently, so that the extraction chamber rotates to the lowest position in turn. Then, solvent (usually water) is injected into the extraction chamber through pipe a11, and electric heating rod 22 is turned on to heat the solvent. The water level in the extraction chamber can be observed through observation window 8, and the scale on observation window 8 is convenient for controlling the amount of solvent injected. After that, door panel 9 is opened, and money tree is placed into inner cylinder 2. Motor a20 is turned on, motor a20 drives rod a14 to rotate, rod a14 drives blade 13 to rotate, which can treat money tree. The process involves cutting and crushing (during which the outer cylinder 1 rotates intermittently, stopping for a period of time when the extraction chamber reaches its lowest point). Simultaneously, the baffle 24 is pulled out from the pull-out port 101, allowing the properly crushed *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder in the extraction chamber to pass through the filter screen 15 and enter the extraction chamber. This ensures that the properly crushed *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder can be separated in a timely manner, avoiding over-crushing (or even gelatinization). This achieves the function of simultaneous extraction and crushing, significantly improving the extraction efficiency of polysaccharide components in *Gynostemma pentaphyllum*. Furthermore, since the residence time in each extraction chamber is the same, the amount of *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder entering each extraction chamber at one time is approximately the same, achieving the function of automatic distribution of *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder.

[0016] When the outer cylinder 1 rotates intermittently, it drives the rod b16 to make a circular motion. The rod b16 drives the gear a18 to make a circular motion, causing the gear a18 to roll on the gear ring a19. This causes the rod b16 to drive the plate b17 to rotate, stirring the solvent and thus improving the extraction efficiency of polysaccharide components from *Salix matsudana*.

[0017] After extraction is complete (extraction time is generally 1-3 hours), rotate the extraction chamber to the bottom and open the valve on tube b10 to allow the solvent to be discharged through tube b10 and recovered through the container.

[0018] It should be noted that the outer cylinder 1, inner cylinder 2, and plate a12 are all made of thermal insulation material; when the water temperature sensor detects that the solvent temperature is between 80-100℃, the water temperature sensor feeds back to the external controller, and the external controller controls the electric heating rod 22 to stop heating the solvent; when the water temperature drops below 80℃, the external controller controls the electric heating rod 22 to heat the solvent again.

[0019] It is worth noting that when the motor a20 is working, it will generate vibration, which will cause the inner cylinder 2 to vibrate slightly, which can help the powder of *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* in the inner cylinder 2 to quickly pass through the filter screen 15 and improve the separation efficiency.

[0020] It should be noted that in a static liquid, a nearly stagnant "boundary layer" forms on the surface of solid materials. Dissolved substances need to diffuse slowly through this "boundary layer," and the extraction process almost stops once the solution in the boundary layer approaches saturation. The shear force and turbulence generated by mechanical stirring can effectively disrupt this boundary layer, ensuring that the material surface is always in contact with fresh, low-concentration solvent, thereby maintaining the maximum concentration gradient (chemically, the driving force of mass transfer) and allowing dissolution to continue rapidly. At the same time, stirring makes the temperature of the entire extraction system more uniform through convection, ensuring that the material in all areas is extracted at the set optimal temperature, avoiding component destruction and incomplete extraction caused by local overheating.

[0021] Example 2, please refer to Figures 1-7 The present invention also proposes a method for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana*, using the polysaccharide extraction apparatus described in Example 1 above, comprising the following steps: S1. Replenishing solvent: Turn on motor b6, which drives the outer cylinder 1 to rotate, so that each extraction chamber rotates to the bottom in turn. Then, the solvent is injected into the extraction chamber through tube a11. At the same time, turn on electric heating rod 22, which conducts heat through tube a11 to heat the solvent. S2. Raw material crushing: Open the door panel 9 and put the money tree to be crushed into the inner cylinder 2. Turn on the motor a20. The motor a20 drives the rod a14, and the rod a14 drives the blade 13 to rotate to cut and crush the money tree. S3, Polysaccharide Extraction: While S2 is in progress, the baffle 24 is pulled out from the pull-out port 101, and then the motor b6 is turned on. The motor b6 drives the outer cylinder 1 to rotate, so that the extraction chamber rotates to the bottom in turn. At this time, the golden willow powder with qualified particle size during the crushing process will pass through the filter screen 15 and enter the extraction chamber. Under the action of the solvent, the polysaccharides in the powder particles can be dissolved and extracted, realizing the function of simultaneous crushing and extraction of golden willow.

[0022] In summary, by first turning on motor b6 to drive gear b7 to rotate intermittently, gear b7 drives gear ring b5 to rotate intermittently, and gear ring b5 drives outer cylinder 1 to rotate intermittently, the extraction chamber rotates to the lowest position in turn. Then, solvent (usually water) is injected into the extraction chamber through tube a11, and electric heating rod 22 is turned on to heat the solvent. The water level in the extraction chamber can be observed through observation window 8, and the scale on observation window 8 facilitates control of the amount of solvent injected. Afterwards, the door panel 9 is opened, and the money tree is placed into inner cylinder 2. By turning on motor a20, motor a20 drives rod a14 to rotate, and rod a14 drives blade 13 to rotate, which can extract the money tree. The process involves cutting and crushing (during which the outer cylinder 1 rotates intermittently, stopping for a period of time when the extraction chamber reaches its lowest point). Simultaneously, the baffle 24 is pulled out from the pull-out port 101, allowing the properly crushed *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder in the extraction chamber to pass through the filter screen 15 and enter the extraction chamber. This ensures that the properly crushed *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder can be separated in a timely manner, avoiding over-crushing (or even gelatinization). This achieves the function of simultaneous extraction and crushing, significantly improving the extraction efficiency of polysaccharide components in *Gynostemma pentaphyllum*. Furthermore, since the residence time in each extraction chamber is the same, the amount of *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder entering each extraction chamber at one time is approximately the same, achieving the function of automatic distribution of *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* powder.

[0023] When the outer cylinder 1 rotates intermittently, it drives the rod b16 to make a circular motion. The rod b16 drives the gear a18 to make a circular motion, causing the gear a18 to roll on the gear ring a19. This causes the rod b16 to drive the plate b17 to rotate, stirring the solvent and thus improving the extraction efficiency of polysaccharide components from *Salix matsudana*.

[0024] After extraction is complete (extraction time is generally 1-3 hours), rotate the extraction chamber to the bottom and open the valve on tube b10 to allow the solvent to be discharged through tube b10 and recovered through the container.

[0025] After the extraction operation is completed, the baffle 24 can be inserted into the pull-out port 101 and the door panel 9 can be opened to clean the inner cylinder 2; cleaning fluid is injected into the extraction chamber through the pipe a11 while the outer cylinder 1 is kept rotating, and the self-cleaning function of the extraction chamber is achieved by utilizing the stirring effect of the plate b17.

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana*, characterized in that, include: The support mechanism includes a base plate (3), a support a (4) and a support b (21); the base plate (3) is located on the ground; the support a (4) is provided in two sets and is arranged opposite to each other on the base plate (3); the support b (21) is located on the base plate (3); The crushing mechanism includes an inner cylinder (2), a motor a (20), a rod a (14), and blades (13); the inner cylinder (2) is connected to a support a (4) and a support b (21); the motor a (20) is connected to one end of the inner cylinder (2); the rod a (14) is rotatably disposed inside the inner cylinder (2) and connected to the output end of the motor a (20); multiple blades (13) are provided and are circumferentially distributed on the rod a (14); The extraction mechanism includes a motor b (6), an outer cylinder (1), a plate a (12), a rod b (16), a plate b (17), a gear a (18), and a gear ring a (19); the outer cylinder (1) is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the inner cylinder (2); the motor b (6) is mounted on the base plate (3) and is connected to the outer cylinder (1) for transmission; the plate a (12) has multiple plates distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1); one end of the plate a (12) has an arc that fits against the outer surface of the inner cylinder (2). The shape is formed by two adjacent sets of plates a (12) cooperating with the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1) and the outer surface of the inner cylinder (2); multiple rods b (16) are provided and are rotatably connected to the outer cylinder (1); each rod b (16) is located between two adjacent sets of plates a (12); multiple plates b (17) are provided and are circumferentially distributed on the rods b (16); gear a (18) is connected to one end of the rod b (16); gear ring a (19) is connected to the inner cylinder (2) and meshes with gear a (18).

2. The device for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana* according to claim 1, characterized in that, An opening a is provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder (2); a filter screen (15) is provided inside the opening a; a pull-out port (101) communicating with the opening is provided on the inner cylinder (2); a baffle (24) is slidably provided inside the pull-out port (101).

3. The device for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana* according to claim 1, characterized in that, An opening b is provided at one end of the inner cylinder (2); a door panel (9) is hinged to the inner wall of the opening b.

4. The device for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana* according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cavity is provided at one end of rod b (16); an electric heating rod (22) is provided in the cavity; a cap (23) is threaded to one end of rod b (16).

5. The device for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana* according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output end of motor b (6) is connected to gear b (7); the outer surface of outer cylinder (1) is provided with gear ring b (5); gear b (7) meshes with gear ring b (5).

6. The device for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana* according to claim 1, characterized in that, An observation window (8), pipe a (11) and pipe b (10) are provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder (1) between two adjacent sets of plates a (12); valves are provided on pipe a (11) and pipe b (10). A method for extracting polysaccharides from *Salix matsudana*, using the polysaccharide extraction apparatus according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Replenish solvent: Turn on motor b (6), motor b (6) drives the outer cylinder (1) to rotate, so that each extraction chamber rotates to the bottom in turn. Then, the solvent is injected into the extraction chamber through tube a (11). At the same time, turn on the electric heating rod (22) to heat the solvent through tube a (11). S2. Raw material crushing: Open the door panel (9) and put the money tree to be crushed into the inner cylinder (2). Turn on the motor a (20). The motor a (20) drives the rod a (14). The rod a (14) drives the blade (13) to rotate and cut and crush the money tree. S3, Polysaccharide Extraction: While S2 is being performed, the baffle (24) is pulled out from the pull-out port (101), and then the motor b (6) is turned on. The motor b (6) drives the outer cylinder (1) to rotate so that the extraction chamber rotates to the bottom in turn. At this time, the golden willow powder with qualified particle size during the crushing process will pass through the filter screen (15) and enter the extraction chamber. Under the action of the solvent, the polysaccharides in the powder particles can be dissolved and extracted, realizing the function of simultaneous crushing and extraction of golden willow.

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