Laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production and cutting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production and a cutting method. The laser cutting machine comprises a rack module, a motion positioning module, a laser machining module and a control system. The rack module comprises a supporting base and a portal frame. The motion positioning module comprises an X-axis driving mechanism, a Z-axis driving mechanism and a Y-axis driving mechanism, and the workbench is fixedly installed on the Y-axis driving mechanism; the laser processing module comprises a ram, a laser driving assembly and a laser, the laser driving assembly is suitable for driving the laser to slide on the ram, and the laser is used for emitting laser and focusing a laser beam on the surface of a workpiece; the control system is electrically connected with the X-axis driving mechanism, the Y-axis driving mechanism, the Z-axis driving mechanism, the laser device driving assembly and the laser device so that positioning cutting of the metal plate can be achieved. The invention further provides a cutting method, automatic control over the cutting process is achieved, and the rejection rate caused by manual operation errors is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle frame processing technology, and in particular to a laser cutting machine and cutting method for vehicle frame production. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting technology, with its advantages of high cutting precision, fast processing efficiency, and small heat-affected zone, is widely used in various fields such as metal sheet processing, automobile manufacturing, and aerospace. As the core equipment for realizing laser cutting technology, the laser cutting machine used in vehicle frame production directly determines the quality of the cut workpiece and production efficiency due to its structural stability, motion positioning accuracy, and processing adaptability, thus attracting significant attention within the industry.

[0003] Existing laser cutting machines for vehicle frame production typically include core components such as a frame, motion drive mechanism, laser processing components, and control system. Among these, the frame, as the load-bearing foundation of the equipment, is crucial for motion positioning accuracy due to its structural strength and stability. Currently, some laser cutting machines for vehicle frame production on the market use a common frame structure for their frames. The connection strength between the gantry and the support base is insufficient, making them prone to vibration during high-speed cutting, leading to a decrease in cutting accuracy. This vibration problem is particularly pronounced when processing large-sized, thick metal sheets, severely impacting workpiece processing quality.

[0004] In terms of motion positioning, the X, Y, and Z axis drive mechanisms of existing laser cutting machines used in vehicle frame production mostly adopt a single guide or drive structure, resulting in poor motion stability and low positioning accuracy. For example, the X-axis drive of some machines relies solely on a single ball screw transmission, lacking an auxiliary guide mechanism, which easily leads to deviation during high-speed left and right movements; the installation stability of the Z-axis drive mechanism is insufficient, causing wobbling during the laser head's lifting and lowering, affecting the laser beam focusing accuracy; the Y-axis drive mechanism has poor coordination accuracy with the worktable, easily causing jamming or deviation when driving the worktable forward and backward, failing to meet the requirements of high-precision continuous cutting.

[0005] Meanwhile, the laser head angle adjustment mechanisms of existing laser cutting machines used in vehicle frame production are often complex in structure and have low adjustment precision, making it difficult to flexibly adjust the laser incident angle according to different cutting paths and workpiece shapes. This results in poor adaptability of the equipment to processing complex-shaped workpieces. In addition, the control systems of some laser cutting machines used in vehicle frame production lack sufficient coordinated control performance with various drive mechanisms and laser components, making it impossible to achieve precise synchronous movement of each motion axis, further restricting the improvement of cutting efficiency and processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a laser cutting machine and cutting method for vehicle frame production, in order to solve the technical problems of existing laser cutting machines, such as insufficient frame stability, low motion positioning accuracy, poor laser head adjustment flexibility, and poor coordination control performance of the control system and various components, which cannot meet the high-precision processing requirements of metal sheets.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: The first objective of this invention is to provide a laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production, comprising a frame module, a motion positioning module, a laser processing module, and a control system. The rack module includes a horizontally arranged support base and a gantry frame vertically fixed to one side of the support base; The motion positioning module includes an X-axis drive mechanism mounted on one side of the top of the gantry, a Z-axis drive mechanism horizontally slidably mounted on the X-axis drive mechanism, and a Y-axis drive mechanism mounted on the support base. The Y-axis drive mechanism is located directly below the X-axis drive mechanism and the Z-axis drive mechanism. The worktable is fixedly mounted on the Y-axis drive mechanism, and the Y-axis drive mechanism is adapted to drive the worktable to move in the front-back direction. The X-axis drive mechanism is adapted to drive the laser processing module to move in the left-right direction along the crossbeam of the gantry. The Z-axis drive mechanism is adapted to drive the laser processing module to move up and down in the vertical direction. The laser processing module includes a slide and a laser driving assembly and a laser mounted on the slide. The laser driving assembly is adapted to drive the laser to slide on the slide, and the laser is used to emit laser light and focus the laser beam onto the surface of the workpiece. The control system is electrically connected to the X-axis drive mechanism, Y-axis drive mechanism, Z-axis drive mechanism, laser drive assembly, and laser to achieve positioning and cutting of metal sheets.

[0008] Furthermore, the gantry frame includes two vertically parallel and spaced-apart first T-shaped gantry frames and a second T-shaped gantry frame, and a horizontal beam connecting the first T-shaped gantry frame and the second T-shaped gantry frame. The horizontal beam is located at the top of the first T-shaped gantry frame and the second T-shaped gantry frame. The bottom ends of the first T-shaped gantry frame and the second T-shaped gantry frame are fixedly connected to the support base, and triangular support ribs are provided on the outer periphery of the bottom ends of the first T-shaped gantry frame and the second T-shaped gantry frame, which are far apart from each other.

[0009] Furthermore, the X-axis drive mechanism includes a first active drive component, two sets of first driven components horizontally mounted between the upper and lower sides of the first active drive component, and a first sliding plate; The first active drive assembly includes two first bearing seats respectively fixedly installed on the top sides of the first T-shaped gantry and the second T-shaped gantry, a first ball screw rotatably supported on the two first bearing seats, a first coupling and a first servo motor. One end of the first ball screw extends out of the second T-shaped gantry and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first servo motor through the first coupling. The first ball screw is at the same height as the crossbeam, and a first nut seat that mates with the first ball screw is sleeved on the first ball screw. Each group of first driven components includes two first optical axis fixing seats respectively fixedly installed on the top side of the first T-shaped gantry and the second T-shaped gantry, a first optical axis fixedly supported on the two first optical axis fixing seats, and a plurality of first sliders slidably installed on the first optical axis. The length of the first optical axis is greater than the length of the first ball screw. The first sliding plate includes a vertical plate and a first connecting block and a second connecting block integrally connected to the upper and lower ends of the same side of the vertical plate. The first connecting block is fixedly connected to the first slider of one set of the first driven drive components, and the second connecting block is fixedly connected to the first slider of another set of the first driven drive components. The outer end of the first nut seat is fixedly connected to the vertical plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the Z-axis drive mechanism includes a second active drive assembly, two sets of second driven assemblies vertically mounted between the two sides of the second active drive assembly, and a second sliding plate; The second active drive assembly includes two second bearing seats respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the middle of the vertical plate, a second ball screw rotatably supported on the two second bearing seats, a second coupling and a second servo motor. The top end of the second ball screw extends out of the vertical plate and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second servo motor through the second coupling. The second servo motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the first connecting block or the second connecting block through a first motor bracket. A second nut seat that mates with the second ball screw is sleeved on the second ball screw. Each group of the second driven components includes two second optical axis fixing seats respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the side wall of the vertical plate, a second optical axis fixedly supported on the two second optical axis fixing seats, and a plurality of second sliders slidably installed on the second optical axis. The second sliding plate is fixedly connected to the second nut seat and the second slider on one side.

[0011] Furthermore, the laser includes a laser head housing and a laser head angle driving mechanism installed inside the laser head housing; The laser head housing includes a first cylindrical housing and a first fork-groove housing connected to the bottom of the first cylindrical housing; The laser head angle driving mechanism includes a third servo motor and a fifth coupling installed inside the first cylindrical housing, a gear transmission structure located between the first cylindrical housing and the first fork slot housing, and a worm gear structure and laser head installed inside the first fork slot housing. The output shaft of the third servo motor is driven to one side of the gear transmission structure through the fifth coupling, and the other side of the gear transmission structure is driven to the worm gear structure. The laser head is rotatably mounted on the worm gear structure, and the top part of the laser head extends out of the first fork slot housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the gear transmission structure includes a gear shaft and a cylindrical gear that mesh with each other. The shaft portion of the gear shaft is connected to the fifth coupling. The worm gear structure includes a worm wheel and a worm that mesh with each other. The bottom end of the worm is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first fork groove housing through a worm wheel seat. The cylindrical gear is connected to the top end of the worm.

[0013] Furthermore, the first cylindrical shell includes a cylindrical shell body and an annular body integrally connected to the outer circumference of the cylindrical shell body. An annular groove is provided inside the slide body corresponding to the position of the annular body. The annular body is rotatably locked in the annular groove. The bottom end of the cylindrical shell body extends out of the slide body. The bottom side of the first fork groove housing has a first opening structure, and the top side has a second opening structure suitable for the worm gear portion to extend out of the first fork groove housing.

[0014] Furthermore, the Y-axis drive mechanism includes a third active drive assembly, two sets of third driven assemblies horizontally mounted on both sides of the third active drive assembly, and a worktable; The third active drive assembly includes two third bearing seats that are fixedly installed between the support base and the worktable, a third ball screw that is rotatably supported on the two third bearing seats, a third coupling and a third servo motor. One end of the third ball screw extends out of the third bearing seat and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third servo motor through the third coupling. A third nut seat that mates with the third ball screw is sleeved on the third ball screw. Each group of the third driven components includes a first linear rail fixedly mounted on the support base and a first sliding seat slidably mounted on the first linear rail; The bottom of the workbench is fixedly connected to the first sliding seat and the third nut seat.

[0015] A second objective of this invention is to provide a cutting method based on the aforementioned laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production, comprising the following steps: S1: Workpiece positioning The metal sheet to be cut is placed on the worktable, and the control system controls the Y-axis drive mechanism to move the worktable to the initial positioning position, thus completing the initial positioning of the metal sheet. S2: Parameter Setting The material and thickness parameters of the metal sheet, as well as the preset cutting path, cutting speed and laser power parameters are input into the control system. S3: Laser head calibration The control system drives the X-axis drive mechanism, Z-axis drive mechanism and laser head angle drive mechanism according to the input parameters, adjusts the spatial position and jet angle of the laser head, and focuses the laser beam on the cutting starting point of the metal plate. S4. Cutting Execution: The control system starts the laser, which emits a laser beam to cut the metal sheet. At the same time, it synchronously controls the X-axis drive mechanism, Y-axis drive mechanism and Z-axis drive mechanism to work together to drive the laser head to move along the preset cutting path and complete the cutting of the metal sheet. S5: Processing complete After the cutting is completed, the control system shuts down the laser, drives each drive mechanism to reset the laser head, and simultaneously controls the Y-axis drive mechanism to move the worktable to the material pick-up position, thus completing one cutting process.

[0016] Furthermore, the laser head calibration process also includes: the control system collects the actual position information of the laser beam focal point through the positioning sensor built into the laser head, and compares the actual position information with the preset position information. If there is a deviation, the corresponding drive mechanism is driven to make compensation adjustments until the deviation value is less than the preset threshold.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production described in this application includes a frame module, a motion positioning module, a laser processing module, and a control system. The motion positioning module, through the coordinated design of an X / Y / Z three-axis drive mechanism, achieves multi-dimensional motion coordination between the workshop and the laser cutting head. The X-axis drives the laser processing module to move left and right, the Y-axis drives the worktable to move forward and backward, and the Z-axis drives the laser processing module to move up and down. This three-axis linkage can cover complex processes in vehicle frame production such as planar cutting, stepped surface cutting, and irregular hole processing, meeting the processing needs of different components such as frame beams and connecting plates. The worktable moves forward / backward along the Y-axis, and in conjunction with the rapid movement of the X and Z axes, it can reduce idle travel time, making it particularly suitable for continuous cutting operations in mass production of vehicle frames. The laser beam emitted by the laser is focused to form a high power density. The laser spot can quickly melt / vaporize metal materials used in the frame (such as low-carbon steel and aluminum alloy), resulting in a narrow kerf and a small heat-affected zone, thus avoiding material deformation and performance degradation. The control system is electrically connected to each drive mechanism and laser component, enabling integrated operation of motion trajectory planning, laser energy adjustment, and cutting timing control. It supports the programming execution of complex cutting paths and adapts to the personalized design requirements of the frame. Through the coordinated setup of four modules—frame, motion, laser, and control—it solves the core problems of low precision, slow efficiency, and poor adaptability in traditional frame cutting, while also offering the advantages of high precision, high efficiency, and high stability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rack module in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the frame module with the X-axis drive mechanism and the Z-axis drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the Y-axis drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of the Y-axis drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the laser processing module in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a connection block diagram of the control system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic flowchart of the cutting method of a laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Rack module; 11-Support base; 12-Gantry frame; 121-First T-type gantry frame; 122-Second T-type gantry frame; 123-Crossbeam; 124-Triangular support stiffener; 2-Motion positioning module; 21-X-axis drive mechanism; 211-First active drive assembly; 2111-First bearing housing; 2112-First ball screw; 21121-First nut housing; 2113-First coupling; 2114-First servo motor; 212-First driven component; 2121-First optical axis mounting base; 2122-First optical axis; 2123-First slider; 213-First sliding plate; 2131-Vertical plate; 2132-First connecting block; 2131-Second nut seat; 2133-Second connecting block; 22-Y axis drive mechanism; 221-Third active drive assembly; 2211-Third bearing housing; 2212-Third ball screw; 2213-Third coupling; 2214-Third servo motor; 222-Third driven component; 2221-First linear guide; 2222-First sliding seat; 223 - Workbench; 23-Z-axis drive mechanism; 231-Second active drive assembly; 2311-Second bearing housing; 2312-Second ball screw; 23121-Second nut housing; 2313-Second coupling; 2314-Second servo motor; 23141-First motor bracket; 232-Second driven component; 2321-Second optical axis mounting base; 2322-Second optical axis; 2323-Second slider; 233 - Second sliding plate; 3-Laser processing module; 31-Slide ram; 311-Annular groove; 32-Laser driver assembly; 321-Fourth servo motor; 322-Fourth coupling; 33-Laser; 331-Laser head housing; 3311-First cylindrical housing; 33111-Cylindrical housing body; 3312-First fork groove housing; 332 - Laser head angle drive mechanism; 3321 - Third servo motor; 3322 - Fifth coupling; 3323 - Gear transmission structure; 33231 - Gear shaft; 33232 - Cylindrical gear; 3324 - Worm gear structure; 33241 - Worm gear; 33242 - Worm; 332421 - Worm gear seat; 3325 - Laser head; 4-Control system. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Please see Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production, including a frame module 1, a motion positioning module 2, a laser processing module 3, and a control system 4, wherein: The rack module 1 includes a support base 11 and a gantry 12. The support base 11 is horizontally set, and the gantry 12 is vertically fixed to one side of the support base 11. The worktable 223 is located directly above the support base 11. The motion positioning module 2 includes an X-axis drive mechanism 21, a Y-axis drive mechanism 22, and a Z-axis drive mechanism 23. The X-axis drive mechanism 21 is installed on the top side of the gantry frame 12. The Z-axis drive mechanism 23 is horizontally slidably installed on the X-axis drive mechanism 21. The Y-axis drive mechanism 22 is installed on the support base 11 and is located directly below the X-axis drive mechanism 21 and the Z-axis drive mechanism 23. The worktable 223 is fixedly installed on the Y-axis drive mechanism 22, and the Y-axis drive mechanism 22 is adapted to drive the worktable 223 to move in the front-back direction. The X-axis drive mechanism 21 is adapted to drive the laser processing module 3 to move in the left-right direction along the crossbeam of the gantry frame 12. The Z-axis drive mechanism 23 is adapted to drive the laser processing module 3 to rise and fall in the vertical direction. The laser processing module 3 includes a slide 31, a laser drive assembly 32, and a laser 33. The laser drive assembly 32 and the laser 33 are mounted on the slide 31. The laser 33 is used to emit laser light and focus the laser beam onto the surface of the workpiece. In this embodiment, the laser drive assembly 32 includes a fourth servo motor 321 and a fourth coupling 322. The output shaft of the fourth servo motor 321 is fixedly connected to the laser 33 through the fourth coupling 322.

[0022] The control system 4 is electrically connected to the X-axis drive mechanism 21, the Y-axis drive mechanism 22, the Z-axis drive mechanism 23, the laser drive assembly 32, and the laser 33 to achieve positioning and cutting of the metal sheet.

[0023] Therefore, a motion positioning module with X, Y, and Z axes is adopted. The X-axis drives the laser processing module to move left and right along the gantry, the Y-axis drives the worktable to move back and forth, and the Z-axis drives the laser processing module to lift and adjust the focal length. The three axes work together to achieve precise spatial positioning of the frame sheet metal. The control system provides centralized electrical control of each drive mechanism and laser, which can accurately adjust the position and focal length of the laser beam, effectively avoiding manual positioning errors and ensuring that the cutting trajectory is highly consistent with the frame design dimensions, thus improving the dimensional consistency of the finished frame. The three-axis drive mechanism works independently and collaboratively, eliminating the need for manual adjustment of the workpiece or laser head position. It can continuously complete multi-part cutting operations of the frame sheet metal, reducing process connection time. The laser can directly focus the laser beam on the workpiece surface. Compared with traditional cutting methods, laser cutting has a smaller heat-affected zone and faster cutting speed, which can efficiently complete the cutting and shaping of frame sheet metal, meeting the needs of mass production of frames.

[0024] The control system is electrically connected to the three-axis drive mechanism, laser and laser drive assembly, which can realize the automated control of the cutting process, reduce manual operation steps, reduce the scrap rate caused by human operation error, and reduce the labor intensity of operators.

[0025] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the gantry frame 12 includes a first T-shaped gantry frame 121, a second T-shaped gantry frame 122, and a crossbeam 123, wherein: The first T-shaped gantry 121 and the second T-shaped gantry 122 are vertically parallel and spaced apart. A horizontal beam 123 is horizontally connected between the first T-shaped gantry 121 and the second T-shaped gantry 122. The horizontal beam 123 is located at the top of the first T-shaped gantry 121 and the second T-shaped gantry 122. The bottom ends of the first T-shaped gantry 121 and the second T-shaped gantry 122 are fixedly connected to the support base 11. Triangular support ribs 124 are provided on the outer periphery of the bottom ends of the first T-shaped gantry 121 and the second T-shaped gantry 122, which are far apart from each other.

[0026] In this embodiment, a symmetrical frame structure of double T-shaped gantry + horizontal beam is adopted. The first T-shaped gantry 121 and the second T-shaped gantry 122 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The beam 123 connects the top of the two to form a stable gantry frame, which can effectively distribute the gravitational load of the X-axis drive mechanism 21 and the laser processing module 3 and avoid tilting deformation caused by uneven force on a single support. The triangular support rib plate 124 set at the bottom of the gantry utilizes the structural mechanical properties of triangles to further enhance the connection rigidity between the gantry and the support base 11 and reduce the impact of equipment vibration on processing accuracy during the cutting process.

[0027] Specifically, please refer to Figure 4As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the X-axis drive mechanism 21 includes a first active drive component 211, a first driven drive component 212, and a first sliding plate 213, wherein: Two sets of first driven components 212 are horizontally mounted on the upper and lower sides of the first active drive component 211. The first active drive component 211 includes two first bearing seats 2111, a first ball screw 2112, a first coupling 2113, and a first servo motor 2114. The first bearing seats 2111 are fixedly mounted on the top sides of the first T-shaped gantry 121 and the second T-shaped gantry 122, respectively. The first ball screw 2112 is rotatably supported on the two first bearing seats 2111. One end of the first ball screw 2112 extends out of the second T-shaped gantry 122 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first servo motor 2114 through the first coupling 2113. The first ball screw 2112 is at the same height as the crossbeam 123. A first nut seat 21121 that mates with the first ball screw 2112 is sleeved on the first ball screw 2112. Each first driven component 212 includes two first optical axis fixing seats 2121, a first optical axis 2122, and a plurality of first sliders 2123. The first optical axis fixing seats 2121 are fixedly installed on the top sides of the first T-shaped gantry 121 and the second T-shaped gantry 122, respectively. The first optical axis 2122 is fixedly supported on the two first optical axis fixing seats 2121, and the plurality of first sliders 2123 are slidably installed on the first optical axis 2122. The length of the first optical axis 2122 is greater than the length of the first ball screw 2112. The first sliding plate 213 includes a vertical plate 2131 and a first connecting block 2132 and a second connecting block 2133 integrally connected to the upper and lower ends on the same side of the vertical plate 2131. The first connecting block 2132 is fixedly connected to the first slider 2123 of one set of first driven components 212, and the second connecting block 2133 is fixedly connected to the first slider 2123 of another set of first driven components 212. The outer end of the first nut seat 21121 is fixedly connected to the vertical plate 2131.

[0028] Therefore, the X-axis drive mechanism 21 adopts a composite drive structure of active ball screw and dual-sided driven optical shafts. The first servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate through a coupling, which in turn moves the nut seat and the first sliding plate along the crossbeam direction. The upper and lower optical shafts and the slider form a dual-sided guide limit for the sliding plate. On the one hand, the high-precision transmission characteristics of the ball screw ensure the positioning accuracy and stability of the laser processing module moving along the X-axis, avoiding jamming or deviation during operation. On the other hand, the support and guide structure of the dual-sided optical shafts can effectively share the gravity load of the laser processing module, offset the radial force generated during the ball screw transmission, reduce the wear rate of the screw, and extend the service life of the drive mechanism. At the same time, the design of the optical shaft length being greater than that of the ball screw can expand the travel range of the sliding plate, adapt to the cutting and processing needs of different sized frame plates, and improve the operational reliability and adaptability of the X-axis drive mechanism.

[0029] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the Z-axis drive mechanism 23 includes a second active drive component 231, two sets of second driven components 232 and a second sliding plate 233, wherein the second driven components 232 are vertically installed between the two sides of the second active drive component 231. The second active drive assembly 231 includes two second bearing seats 2311, a second ball screw 2312, a second coupling 2313, and a second servo motor 2314. The two second bearing seats 2311 are respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the middle of the vertical plate 2131. The second ball screw 2312 is rotatably supported on the two second bearing seats 2311. The top end of the second ball screw 2312 extends out of the vertical plate 2131 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second servo motor 2314 through the second coupling 2313. The second servo motor 2314 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the first connecting block 2132 or the second connecting block 2133 through the first motor bracket 23141. A second nut seat 23121 that cooperates with the second ball screw 2312 is sleeved on the second ball screw 2312. Each group of second driven components 232 includes two second optical axis fixing seats 2321, a second optical axis 2322, and a second slider 2323. The two second optical axis fixing seats 2321 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the side wall of the vertical plate 2131, the second optical axis 2322 is fixedly supported on the two second optical axis fixing seats 2321, and a number of second sliders 2323 are slidably installed on the second optical axis 2322. The second sliding plate 233 is fixedly connected to the second nut seat 23121 and the second slider 2323 on one side near the second nut seat 23121 and the second slider 2323.

[0030] Therefore, the Z-axis drive mechanism 23 adopts a symmetrical drive and guide structure with an active ball screw and dual driven optical axes. The second servo motor 2314 drives the second ball screw 2312 to rotate through the second coupling 2313, thereby driving the second nut seat 23121 and the second sliding plate 233 to achieve vertical lifting and lowering motion. The second optical axes 2322 and the second sliders 2323 on both sides form a stable dual-sided guide limit for the second sliding plate 233. This not only utilizes the high-precision transmission characteristics of the ball screw to ensure the positioning accuracy of the laser processing module's lifting and lowering along the Z-axis, but also precisely adjusts the focal length of the laser beam to adapt to different... The design of the second servo motor 2314, which is mounted on the side wall of the first connecting block 2132 or the second connecting block 2133 through the motor bracket 23141, optimizes the spatial layout of the Z-axis drive mechanism 23, reduces the space occupied by the laser processing module, and further ensures the smoothness of the laser cutting operation. This design also meets the requirements for cutting frame plates of the same thickness, and can share the gravity load of the laser processing module through the dual optical axes, offsetting the radial force generated during the ball screw transmission process, thus avoiding tilting and jamming during the lifting and lowering of the second sliding plate 233, and improving the stability and reliability of the Z-axis drive mechanism 23 operation.

[0031] Specifically, please refer to Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the laser 33 includes a laser head housing 331 and a laser head angle driving mechanism 332, the laser head angle driving mechanism 332 being installed inside the laser head housing 331; the laser head housing 331 includes a first cylindrical housing 3311 and a first fork groove housing 3312, the first fork groove housing 3312 being connected to the bottom of the first cylindrical housing 3311; The laser head angle drive mechanism 332 includes a third servo motor 3321, a fifth coupling 3322, a gear transmission structure 3323, a worm gear structure 3324, and a laser head 3325. The third servo motor 3321 and the fifth coupling 3322 are installed inside the first cylindrical housing 3311. The gear transmission structure 3323 is located between the first cylindrical housing 3311 and the first fork slot housing 3312. The worm gear structure 3324 and the laser head 3325 are installed inside the first fork slot housing 3312. The output shaft of the third servo motor 321 is driven to one side of the gear transmission structure 3323 through the third coupling 322. The other side of the gear transmission structure 3323 is driven to the worm gear structure 3324. The laser head 3325 is rotatably mounted on the worm gear structure 3324, and the top part of the laser head 3325 extends out of the first fork slot housing 3312.

[0032] Therefore, this laser, through a composite transmission structure of gear transmission and worm gear, coupled with a third servo motor drive, can achieve precise angle adjustment of the laser head. This allows for flexible adjustment of the laser beam's incident angle to adapt to the cutting needs of different positions and angles of the vehicle frame sheet metal, solving the cutting blind zone problem caused by the fixed angle of traditional laser heads. Furthermore, the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear structure ensures that the laser head maintains a stable angle after adjustment, preventing angle deviation due to vibration during cutting and improving the cutting accuracy of complex contour vehicle frame sheet metal. Simultaneously, the design of integrating the drive components inside the laser head housing effectively protects the transmission structure and motor from the corrosion of cutting dust and debris, extending the laser's lifespan. The compact spatial layout also reduces the overall installation space occupied by the laser processing module, further optimizing the equipment's structural rationality.

[0033] Specifically, please refer to Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the gear transmission structure 3323 includes a gear shaft 33231 and a cylindrical gear 33232 that mesh with each other. The shaft portion of the gear shaft 33231 is connected to the fifth coupling 3322. The worm gear structure 3324 includes a worm wheel 33241 and a worm 33242 that mesh with each other. The bottom end of the worm 33242 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first fork groove housing 3312 through the worm wheel seat 332421. The cylindrical gear 33232 is connected to the top end of the worm 33242.

[0034] Therefore, the combined design of this gear transmission structure and worm gear structure achieves smooth power transmission through the meshing of the gear shaft and cylindrical gear, and completes secondary power transmission through the meshing of the worm gear and worm, precisely transmitting the torque of the third servo motor to the laser head, enabling fine adjustment of the laser head angle to meet the needs of complex angle cutting of vehicle frame plates. On the other hand, utilizing the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear structure, the laser head angle can be firmly locked after adjustment, preventing angle deviation caused by equipment vibration or external forces during cutting, thus ensuring cutting accuracy. At the same time, the compact layout of the gear transmission and worm gear transmission fits the internal space of the laser head housing, reducing the volume occupied by the transmission structure and improving the integration and stability of the overall laser structure.

[0035] Specifically, please refer to Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first cylindrical shell 3311 includes a cylindrical shell body 33111 and an annular body 33112 integrally connected to the outer circumference of the cylindrical shell body 33111. An annular groove 311 is provided inside the slide block 31 corresponding to the position of the annular body 33112. The annular body 331112 is rotatably locked in the annular groove 311. The bottom end of the cylindrical shell body 33111 extends out of the slide block 31. The bottom side of the first fork groove housing 3312 has a first opening structure, and the top side has a second opening structure suitable for the worm gear 33241 to partially extend out of the first fork groove housing 3312.

[0036] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the Y-axis drive mechanism 22 includes a third active drive component 221, a third driven drive component 222, and a worktable 223, wherein: Two sets of third driven components 222 are horizontally mounted on both sides of the third active drive component 221. The third active drive component 221 includes two third bearing seats 2211, a third ball screw 2212, a third coupling 2213, and a third servo motor 2214. The two third bearing seats 2211 are respectively fixedly mounted between the support base 11 and the worktable 223. The third ball screw 2212 is rotatably supported on the two third bearing seats 2211. One end of the third ball screw 2212 extends out of the third bearing seat 2211 and passes through... The output shaft of the third servo motor 2214 is fixedly connected to the third coupling 2213. The third ball screw 2212 is fitted with a third nut seat 22121 that cooperates with the third ball screw 2212. Each group of third driven components 222 includes a first linear guide 2221 and a first sliding seat 2222. The first linear guide 2221 is fixedly installed on the support base 11, and the first sliding seat 2222 is slidably installed on the first linear guide 2221. The bottom of the worktable 223 is fixedly connected to the first sliding seat 2222 and the third nut seat 22121.

[0037] Therefore, this technical solution, through the coordinated design of the rotating engagement structure between the laser housing and the slide block, and the ball screw + double-sided linear guide transmission structure of the Y-axis drive mechanism, achieves both flexible angle adjustment and stable installation of the laser, while ensuring the accuracy and smoothness of the worktable's movement of the workpiece. Specifically, the annular body of the first cylindrical housing is rotatably engaged within the annular groove of the slide block. Combined with the internal transmission structure of the laser, this allows for multi-angle rotation adjustment of the laser head, meeting the cutting requirements of complex contours in the chassis sheet metal. Simultaneously, the engagement structure between the annular groove and the annular body restricts the radial displacement of the laser, ensuring structural stability during angle adjustment. The double-opening structure of the first fork slot housing provides reasonable space for the installation of the worm gear and the extension of the laser head. The Y-axis drive mechanism adopts a ball screw active drive and double-sided linear guide driven design. This utilizes the high-precision transmission characteristics of the ball screw to ensure the positioning accuracy of the worktable's forward and backward movement of the chassis sheet metal, while the double-sided linear guides distribute the weight load between the worktable and the workpiece, preventing tilting and jamming during worktable movement and improving the Y-axis's stability. The stability of movement in the axial direction ensures the overall precision and efficiency of laser cutting.

[0038] Please see Figure 10As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a cutting method based on the laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production described above, the cutting method comprising the following steps: S1: Workpiece positioning The metal sheet to be cut is placed on the worktable 223. The control system 4 controls the Y-axis drive mechanism 22 to move the worktable 223 to the initial positioning position, thus completing the initial positioning of the metal sheet. S2: Parameter Setting The material and thickness parameters of the metal sheet, as well as the preset cutting path, cutting speed and laser power parameters are input through the control system 4. S3: Laser head calibration According to the input parameters, the control system 4 drives the X-axis drive mechanism 21, the Z-axis drive mechanism 23 and the laser head angle drive mechanism 332 to adjust the spatial position and jet angle of the laser head 3325 so that the laser beam is focused on the cutting starting point of the metal plate. S4. Cutting execution: The control system 4 starts the laser 33, which emits a laser beam to cut the metal sheet. At the same time, it synchronously controls the X-axis drive mechanism 21, Y-axis drive mechanism 22 and Z-axis drive mechanism 23 to work together to drive the laser head 3325 to move along the preset cutting path to complete the cutting of the metal sheet. S5: Processing complete After the cutting is completed, the control system 4 controls the laser 33 to turn off, drives each drive mechanism to reset the laser head 3325, and simultaneously controls the Y-axis drive mechanism 22 to move the worktable 223 to the material picking position, thus completing one cutting process.

[0039] More specifically, in step S3, the laser head 3325 calibration process also includes: the control system 4 collects the actual position information of the laser beam focus point through the positioning sensor built into the laser head 3325, and compares the actual position information with the preset position information. If there is a deviation, the corresponding drive mechanism is driven to make compensation adjustments until the deviation value is less than the preset threshold.

[0040] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production, characterized in that, Includes a rack module, motion positioning module, laser processing module, and control system: The rack module includes a horizontally arranged support base and a gantry frame vertically fixed to one side of the support base; The motion positioning module includes an X-axis drive mechanism mounted on one side of the top of the gantry, a Z-axis drive mechanism horizontally slidably mounted on the X-axis drive mechanism, and a Y-axis drive mechanism mounted on the support base. The Y-axis drive mechanism is located directly below the X-axis drive mechanism and the Z-axis drive mechanism. The worktable is fixedly mounted on the Y-axis drive mechanism, and the Y-axis drive mechanism is adapted to drive the worktable to move in the front-back direction. The X-axis drive mechanism is adapted to drive the laser processing module to move in the left-right direction along the crossbeam of the gantry. The Z-axis drive mechanism is adapted to drive the laser processing module to move up and down in the vertical direction. The laser processing module includes a slide and a laser driving assembly and a laser mounted on the slide. The laser driving assembly is adapted to drive the laser to slide on the slide, and the laser is used to emit laser light and focus the laser beam onto the surface of the workpiece. The control system is electrically connected to the X-axis drive mechanism, Y-axis drive mechanism, Z-axis drive mechanism, laser drive assembly, and laser to achieve positioning and cutting of metal sheets.

2. The laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gantry frame includes two vertically parallel and spaced-apart first T-shaped gantry frames and a second T-shaped gantry frame, and a horizontal beam connecting the first T-shaped gantry frame and the second T-shaped gantry frame. The horizontal beam is located at the top of the first T-shaped gantry frame and the second T-shaped gantry frame. The bottom ends of the first T-shaped gantry frame and the second T-shaped gantry frame are fixedly connected to the support base, and triangular support ribs are provided on the outer periphery of the bottom ends of the first T-shaped gantry frame and the second T-shaped gantry frame, which are far apart from each other.

3. The laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production according to claim 2, characterized in that, The X-axis drive mechanism includes a first active drive component, two sets of first driven drive components horizontally installed between the upper and lower sides of the first active drive component, and a first sliding plate; The first active drive assembly includes two first bearing seats respectively fixedly installed on the top sides of the first T-shaped gantry and the second T-shaped gantry, a first ball screw rotatably supported on the two first bearing seats, a first coupling and a first servo motor. One end of the first ball screw extends out of the second T-shaped gantry and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first servo motor through the first coupling. The first ball screw is at the same height as the crossbeam, and a first nut seat that mates with the first ball screw is sleeved on the first ball screw. Each group of first driven components includes two first optical axis fixing seats respectively fixedly installed on the top side of the first T-shaped gantry and the second T-shaped gantry, a first optical axis fixedly supported on the two first optical axis fixing seats, and a plurality of first sliders slidably installed on the first optical axis. The length of the first optical axis is greater than the length of the first ball screw. The first sliding plate includes a vertical plate and a first connecting block and a second connecting block integrally connected to the upper and lower ends of the same side of the vertical plate. The first connecting block is fixedly connected to the first slider of one set of the first driven drive components, and the second connecting block is fixedly connected to the first slider of another set of the first driven drive components. The outer end of the first nut seat is fixedly connected to the vertical plate.

4. The laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production according to claim 3, characterized in that, The Z-axis drive mechanism includes a second active drive assembly, two sets of second driven assemblies vertically installed between the two sides of the second active drive assembly, and a second sliding plate; The second active drive assembly includes two second bearing seats respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the middle of the vertical plate, a second ball screw rotatably supported on the two second bearing seats, a second coupling and a second servo motor. The top end of the second ball screw extends out of the vertical plate and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second servo motor through the second coupling. The second servo motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the first connecting block or the second connecting block through a first motor bracket. A second nut seat that mates with the second ball screw is sleeved on the second ball screw. Each group of the second driven components includes two second optical axis fixing seats respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the side wall of the vertical plate, a second optical axis fixedly supported on the two second optical axis fixing seats, and a plurality of second sliders slidably installed on the second optical axis. The second sliding plate is fixedly connected to the second nut seat and the second slider on one side.

5. The laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser includes a laser head housing and a laser head angle driving mechanism installed inside the laser head housing; The laser head housing includes a first cylindrical housing and a first fork-groove housing connected to the bottom of the first cylindrical housing; The laser head angle driving mechanism includes a third servo motor and a fifth coupling installed inside the first cylindrical housing, a gear transmission structure located between the first cylindrical housing and the first fork slot housing, and a worm gear structure and laser head installed inside the first fork slot housing. The output shaft of the third servo motor is driven to one side of the gear transmission structure through the third coupling, and the other side of the gear transmission structure is driven to the worm gear structure. The laser head is rotatably mounted on the worm gear structure, and the top part of the laser head extends out of the first fork slot housing.

6. The laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gear transmission structure includes a gear shaft and a cylindrical gear that mesh with each other. The shaft body of the gear shaft is connected to the fifth coupling. The worm gear structure includes a worm wheel and a worm that mesh with each other. The bottom end of the worm is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first fork groove housing through a worm wheel seat. The cylindrical gear is connected to the top end of the worm.

7. The laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first cylindrical shell includes a cylindrical shell body and an annular body integrally connected to the outer circumference of the cylindrical shell body. An annular groove is provided inside the slide body corresponding to the position of the annular body. The annular body is rotatably locked in the annular groove. The bottom end of the cylindrical shell body extends out of the slide body. The bottom side of the first fork groove housing has a first opening structure, and the top side has a second opening structure suitable for the worm gear portion to extend out of the first fork groove housing.

8. The laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis drive mechanism includes a third active drive assembly, two sets of third driven assemblies horizontally mounted on both sides of the third active drive assembly, and a worktable; The third active drive assembly includes two third bearing seats that are fixedly installed between the support base and the worktable, a third ball screw that is rotatably supported on the two third bearing seats, a third coupling and a third servo motor. One end of the third ball screw extends out of the third bearing seat and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third servo motor through the third coupling. A third nut seat that mates with the third ball screw is sleeved on the third ball screw. Each group of the third driven components includes a first linear rail fixedly mounted on the support base and a first sliding seat slidably mounted on the first linear rail; The bottom of the workbench is fixedly connected to the first sliding seat and the third nut seat.

9. A cutting method based on a laser cutting machine for vehicle frame production according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Workpiece positioning The metal sheet to be cut is placed on the worktable, and the control system controls the Y-axis drive mechanism to move the worktable to the initial positioning position, thus completing the initial positioning of the metal sheet. S2: Parameter Setting The material and thickness parameters of the metal sheet, as well as the preset cutting path, cutting speed and laser power parameters are input into the control system. S3: Laser head calibration The control system drives the X-axis drive mechanism, Z-axis drive mechanism and laser head angle drive mechanism according to the input parameters, adjusts the spatial position and jet angle of the laser head, and focuses the laser beam on the cutting starting point of the metal plate. S4, Cutting Execution The control system starts the laser, which emits a laser beam to cut the metal sheet. At the same time, it synchronously controls the X-axis drive mechanism, Y-axis drive mechanism and Z-axis drive mechanism to work together to move the laser head along the preset cutting path to complete the cutting of the metal sheet. S5: Processing complete After the cutting is completed, the control system shuts down the laser, drives each drive mechanism to reset the laser head, and simultaneously controls the Y-axis drive mechanism to move the worktable to the material pick-up position, thus completing one cutting process.

10. The cutting method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S3, the laser head calibration process further includes: the control system collects the actual position information of the laser beam focal point through the positioning sensor on the laser head, and compares the actual position information with the preset position information. If there is a deviation, the corresponding drive mechanism is driven to make compensation adjustments until the deviation value is less than the preset threshold.

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