Six-axis equipment with scanning guiding function for large casting cutting machining

Abstract

The invention discloses six-axis equipment with a scanning guiding function for large casting cutting machining, the six-axis equipment comprises a three-axis moving assembly, a workpiece fixing assembly and a scanning guiding mechanism, the scanning guiding mechanism and a cutting assembly are arranged in parallel, and the scanning guiding mechanism comprises a fixing shell and a laser scanner arranged in the fixing shell; a movable protection plate is further arranged at the bottom of the fixed shell, and a transparent protection window is arranged on the protection plate and used for protecting the laser scanner. According to the six-axis machining equipment integrated with the scanning guiding function, the laser scanner is integrated on the machining equipment, an actual three-dimensional model of a casting blank can be rapidly obtained before machining, and the machining accuracy is improved; therefore, subsequent self-adaptive machining is facilitated, the first workpiece success rate and machining efficiency are improved, dependence on experience of advanced technicians is reduced, and through protection and linkage design, the survival and precision problems of the laser scanner in a severe machining environment are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of machining technology for large parts, and in particular to a six-axis device with scanning guidance function for cutting and machining large castings. Background Technology

[0002] Large-size heavy castings are core structural components in modern high-end equipment manufacturing industries such as wind power, shipbuilding, heavy machine tools and nuclear power. Their blanks are usually characterized by large size, heavy weight, complex shape, uneven casting allowance and significant individual differences.

[0003] Traditional machining methods heavily rely on the experience of skilled workers: first, machining datums and contours are determined manually by marking lines, and then large equipment such as gantry milling machines are used to perform trial-and-error, segmented machining based on the marked lines or fixed templates. This method suffers from problems such as extremely long programming and preparation cycles, cumbersome machining processes, and high skill requirements for operators. Furthermore, it is difficult to adapt to the unique allowance distribution of each casting blank, which can easily lead to improper machining allowance setting, resulting in material waste or even workpiece scrap, and poor machining quality stability.

[0004] In other words, existing technologies suffer from the following technical problems: conventional methods for machining large castings heavily rely on manual experience and have a low degree of automation. Therefore, a six-axis cutting and machining system with scanning guidance is proposed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This embodiment provides a six-axis device with scanning guidance function for cutting and processing large castings to solve the problem that the ordinary large casting processing methods in the prior art rely heavily on human experience and have a low degree of automation.

[0006] According to one aspect of this application, a six-axis device with scanning guidance function for cutting and machining large castings is provided, comprising: The three-axis moving assembly consists of an X-axis moving unit, a Y-axis moving unit, and a Z-axis moving unit. A cutting component is fixedly connected to one end of the three-axis moving assembly. The cutting component is used to process large casting workpieces. The workpiece fixing assembly is located on one side of the three-axis moving assembly. The workpiece fixing assembly consists of a rotatable three-jaw chuck and a movable rotating center, and is used to clamp the casting. The scanning guide mechanism is arranged side by side with the cutting component. The scanning guide mechanism includes a fixed housing and a laser scanner installed inside the fixed housing. A movable protective plate is also provided at the bottom of the fixed housing, and a transparent protective window is provided on the protective plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the Z-axis moving unit includes a Z-axis support frame and a Z-axis moving seat, with the Z-axis support frame and the Z-axis moving seat slidingly engaged. A Z-axis screw is rotatably connected between the upper and lower sides of the Z-axis support frame. A Z-axis drive unit is fixedly installed at the upper end of the Z-axis support frame, and the end of the output shaft of the Z-axis drive unit is connected to one end of the Z-axis screw.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutting assembly is mounted on the Z-axis moving seat. The cutting assembly includes a rotary shaft, a cutting tool, and a cutting motor. One end of the rotary shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the cutting motor, and the other end of the rotary shaft is fixedly connected to the cutting tool.

[0009] Furthermore, the workpiece fixing assembly also includes a fixed base and a rotating platform. The rotating platform is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the fixed base, and a rectangular support is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating platform. A first fixed frame is fixedly connected to one end of the rectangular support, and a rotating seat is rotatably connected to the first fixed frame. A three-jaw chuck is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating seat. A rotary motor is fixedly installed on one side of the first fixed frame, and the end of the output shaft of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the rotating seat.

[0010] Furthermore, an adjusting seat is slidably connected to the rectangular support base, and a second fixing frame is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the adjusting seat, with a rotating center mounted on the second fixing frame.

[0011] Furthermore, an adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the rectangular support base. The adjusting screw passes through the adjusting base and is threadedly engaged with the adjusting base. A first adjusting motor is also fixedly installed at one end of the rectangular support base, and the end of the output shaft of the first adjusting motor is fixedly connected to one end of the adjusting screw.

[0012] Furthermore, a guide groove is provided at the bottom of the fixed housing, and a protective plate is slidably connected in the guide groove of the fixed housing. A transparent protective window is provided on the protective plate, and a moving drive unit is also connected to one end of the protective plate. A cleaning tool is provided at the bottom of the protective plate, and the moving drive unit is used to drive the protective plate to reciprocate linearly along the guide groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the cleaning tool includes a support plate and a flexible scraper. The support plate is positioned below the protective plate, and several flexible scrapers are fixedly connected to the support plate. The flexible scrapers are in contact with the protective plate and the surface of the transparent protective window.

[0014] Furthermore, the moving drive unit includes a moving guide rod, a rotating gear disk, and a connecting rod. The rotating gear disk is disposed on the side wall of the Z-axis moving seat and is rotatably connected to the Z-axis moving seat. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the eccentric position of the side wall of the rotating gear disk, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the moving guide rod. One end of the moving guide rod is fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the linkage includes a pinion and a first drive shaft. The first drive shaft is rotatably connected to the Z-axis moving seat. A pinion is fixedly connected to one end of the first drive shaft. The pinion meshes with the rotating gear disk. The Z-axis moving seat has an internal cavity. A second drive shaft is rotatably connected to the internal cavity of the Z-axis moving seat. A bevel gear B is fixedly connected to one end of the second drive shaft. A bevel gear A is fixedly connected to one end of the first drive shaft. The bevel gear B meshes with the bevel gear A. A bevel gear C is fixedly connected to the other end of the second drive shaft. A bevel gear D is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the rotating shaft. The bevel gear C meshes with the bevel gear D.

[0016] Through the above embodiments of this application, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art where the processing of ordinary large castings relies on manual scribing, templates, or offline measurement, resulting in long programming preparation time, poor adaptability to uneven blank allowance, difficulty in guaranteeing processing accuracy, and easy generation of scrap, this application designs a six-axis processing equipment with integrated scanning guidance function. By integrating a laser scanner into the processing equipment, the actual three-dimensional model of the casting blank can be quickly obtained before processing, which facilitates subsequent adaptive processing, thereby improving the first-piece success rate and processing efficiency, and reducing the dependence on the experience of senior technicians. Furthermore, through a unique protection and linkage design, the survival and accuracy problems of the laser scanner in harsh processing environments are solved, making it particularly suitable for the cutting process of large wind turbine flanges, bearing seats, rolls, and other rotating castings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a side view of one embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-axis moving assembly according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a workpiece fixing assembly according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a workpiece fixing assembly according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7This is a connection diagram of a scanning guidance mechanism according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a side view of a scanning guidance mechanism according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a front view schematic diagram of a scanning guidance mechanism according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a scanning guidance mechanism according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage part according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Install the base; 2. Three-axis moving assembly; 201. Support base; 202. X-axis fixed guide rail; 203. X-axis guide seat; 204. Connecting frame; 205. X-axis screw; 206. X-axis drive unit; 207. Y-axis fixed guide rod; 208. Y-axis guide seat; 209. Y-axis screw; 210. Y-axis drive unit; 211. Support plate; 212. Z-axis support frame; 213. Z-axis moving seat; 214. Z-axis screw; 215. Z-axis drive unit; 3. Cutting assembly; 301. Rotary shaft; 302. Cutting tool; 303. Cutting motor; 4. Workpiece fixing assembly; 401. Fixed base; 402. Rotating platform; 403. Rectangular support base; 404. First fixing frame; 405. Rotating seat; 406. Three-jaw chuck; 407. Rotary motor; 408. Guide rail; 409. Adjusting seat; 411. First adjusting motor; 412. Second fixing frame; 413. Rotating center; 414. Rotating column; 415. First bevel gear; 416. Second adjusting motor; 417. Second bevel gear; 5. Scanning guidance mechanism; 501. Fixed housing; 502. Laser scanner; 503. Protective plate; 504. Transparent protective window; 505. Cleaning tool; 5051. Support plate; 5052. Flexible scraper; 5053. Bracket; 5054. Guide rod; 5055. Fine-tuning screw; 506. Moving drive unit; 5061. Moving guide rod; 5062. Rotating gear; 5063. Connecting rod; 507. Linkage unit; 5071. Pinion; 5072. First drive shaft; 5073. Bevel gear A; 5074. Second drive shaft; 5075. Bevel gear B; 5076. Bevel gear C; 5077. Bevel gear D. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a six-axis equipment with scanning guidance function for cutting and processing large castings includes: a three-axis moving assembly 2, which is composed of an X-axis moving unit, a Y-axis moving unit and a Z-axis moving unit. The three-axis moving assembly 2 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting base 1. A cutting assembly 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the three-axis moving assembly 2. The cutting assembly 3 is used to mill, cut or bevele the large casting workpiece.

[0022] The workpiece fixing assembly 4 is located on one side of the three-axis moving assembly 2. The workpiece fixing assembly 4 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting base 1. The workpiece fixing assembly 4 consists of a rotatable three-jaw chuck 406 and a movable rotating center 413. It is used to clamp large rotating castings from both ends in a one-jaw-one-center or two-center manner and provide rotational motion around its axis. It works in conjunction with the three-axis moving assembly 2 to realize the machining of complex curved surfaces.

[0023] The scanning guide mechanism 5 is arranged in parallel with the cutting assembly 3. The scanning guide mechanism 5 includes a fixed housing 501 and a laser scanner 502 disposed inside the fixed housing 501. A movable protective plate 503 is also provided at the bottom of the fixed housing 501. A transparent protective window 504 is provided on the protective plate 503 to protect the laser scanner 502.

[0024] In one specific embodiment of this application, see [reference]. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the X-axis moving unit includes a support base 201, X-axis fixed guide rails 202, and X-axis guide seats 203. The support base 201 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting base 1. X-axis fixed guide rails 202 are fixedly mounted on both sides of the upper surface of the support base 201. X-axis guide seats 203 are slidably connected to both X-axis fixed guide rails 202. To ensure that the two X-axis guide seats 203 move synchronously to provide stable support, a connecting frame 204 is fixedly connected between the two X-axis guide seats 203. X-axis guide seats 203 are rotatably connected to the upper surface of the support base 201. The X-axis screw 205 passes through the connecting frame 204 and is threadedly engaged with the connecting frame 204. An X-axis drive unit 206 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper surface of the support base 201. The output shaft end of the X-axis drive unit 206 is connected to one end of the X-axis screw 205 through a coupling. Through this technical solution, the X-axis drive unit 206 can drive the X-axis screw 205 to rotate precisely, thereby driving the connecting frame 204 and the Y-axis moving unit connected thereto to move linearly along the X-axis fixed guide rail 202, providing axial feed for the cutting tool 302.

[0025] In another embodiment of this application, see [reference] Figure 4 As shown, the Y-axis moving unit includes a Y-axis fixed guide rod 207 and a Y-axis guide seat 208. Both ends of the Y-axis fixed guide rod 207 are fixedly connected to support plates 211. The two support plates 211 are fixedly connected to two X-axis guide seats 203 respectively, for the purpose of stably mounting the Y-axis moving unit on the X-axis moving unit. The Y-axis guide seat 208 is slidably connected to the Y-axis fixed guide rod 207.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the Y-axis moving unit further includes a Y-axis screw 209 and a Y-axis drive unit 210. The Y-axis screw 209 is disposed between two support plates 211 and rotatably connected to the support plates 211. The Y-axis screw 209 passes through the Y-axis guide seat 208 and is threadedly engaged with the Y-axis guide seat 208. The Y-axis drive unit 210 is fixedly disposed on one side of the support plate 211. The output shaft end of the Y-axis drive unit 210 is connected to one end of the Y-axis screw 209 via a coupling. Through this technical solution, the Y-axis drive unit 210 can drive the Y-axis screw 209 to rotate, causing the Y-axis guide seat 208 to move along the Y-axis fixed guide rod 207, thereby realizing the radial feed of the cutting tool 302 in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of this application, see [reference] Figure 4As shown, the Z-axis moving unit includes a Z-axis support frame 212 and a Z-axis moving seat 213. The Z-axis support frame 212 is provided with a slide rail, and the Z-axis moving seat 213 is provided with a slide groove that mates with the slide rail on the Z-axis support frame 212. The Z-axis support frame 212 and the Z-axis moving seat 213 are in sliding engagement. A Z-axis screw 214 is rotatably connected between the upper and lower sides of the Z-axis support frame 212. A Z-axis drive unit 215 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the Z-axis support frame 212. The output shaft end of the Z-axis drive unit 215 is connected to one end of the Z-axis screw 214 through a coupling. Through this technical solution, the Z-axis drive unit 215 drives the Z-axis screw 214 to rotate, thereby driving the Z-axis moving seat 213 and the cutting assembly 3 mounted on it to move in the vertical direction, realizing the up and down feed of the cutting tool 302 to meet the needs of workpieces with different diameters and machining depths.

[0028] To achieve high-precision positioning and complex trajectory control, the X-axis drive unit 206, Y-axis drive unit 210 and Z-axis drive unit 215 in the three-axis moving assembly 2 are all servo motors or torque motors and are equipped with high-precision encoders. These encoders work in conjunction with the data acquired by the scanning guide mechanism 5 to execute a three-dimensional machining path generated from the scanning data and adapted to the actual allowance of the workpiece, thereby achieving adaptive, high-precision milling and cutting of large castings.

[0029] In one specific embodiment of this application, see [reference]. Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 11 As shown, the cutting assembly 3 is mounted on the Z-axis moving base 213. The cutting assembly 3 includes a rotating shaft 301, a cutting tool 302, and a cutting motor 303. The cutting motor 303 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the Z-axis moving base 213. One end of the rotating shaft 301 is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the cutting motor 303, and the other end of the rotating shaft 301 is fixedly connected to the cutting tool 302. Through this technical solution, the cutting motor 303 drives the rotating shaft 301 and the cutting tool 302 to rotate at high speed, providing the main cutting motion. The cutting assembly 3 can be equipped with various cutting tools such as disc milling cutters, face milling cutters, corn milling cutters, or beveling heads to meet the processing needs of different processes of large castings.

[0030] Preferably, see Figure 5As shown, the workpiece fixing assembly 4 also includes a fixed base 401 and a rotating platform 402. The fixed base 401 is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the mounting base 1. The rotating platform 402 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the fixed base 401. A rectangular support 403 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating platform 402. A first fixing frame 404 is fixedly connected to one end of the rectangular support 403. A rotating seat 405 is rotatably connected to the first fixing frame 404. A three-jaw chuck 406 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating seat 405. A rotary motor 407 is fixedly installed on one side of the first fixing frame 404. The end of the output shaft of the rotary motor 407 is fixedly connected to the rotating seat 405. Through this technical solution, the rotary motor 407 can drive the three-jaw chuck 406 and the workpiece it holds to perform precise indexing or continuous rotation around the horizontal axis. In conjunction with the three-axis moving component 2, it can realize four-axis or five-axis linkage machining of the workpiece. The rotary platform 402 can rotate around the vertical axis, further expanding the machining range. Combined with the horizontal axis, it constitutes two rotational degrees of freedom of the workpiece, realizing six-axis machining capability.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, see [link / reference]. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in order to accommodate workpieces of different lengths and provide stable top support, a guide rail 408 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the rectangular support base 403. An adjusting seat 409 is slidably connected to the guide rail 408 of the rectangular support base 403. A second fixing frame 412 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the adjusting seat 409. A rotating center 413 is installed on the second fixing frame 412 to press against the center hole at the other end of the workpiece. Together with the three-jaw chuck 406, it forms a clamping and supporting method to ensure the positioning accuracy and rigidity of the workpiece under high-speed rotation and cutting force.

[0032] Furthermore, to achieve precise adjustment and locking of the position of the rotating tip 413, an adjusting screw 410 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the rectangular support 403. The adjusting screw 410 passes through the adjusting seat 409 and is threadedly engaged with the adjusting seat 409. A first adjusting motor 411 is also fixedly installed at one end of the rectangular support 403, and the end of the output shaft of the first adjusting motor 411 is fixedly connected to one end of the adjusting screw 410. Through this technical solution, the first adjusting motor 411 drives the adjusting screw 410 to rotate, causing the adjusting seat 409 and the rotating tip 413 to move along the slide rail of the rectangular support 403, thereby conveniently adjusting the tip position to adapt to workpieces of different lengths. After adjustment, it can be fixed by the locking mechanism to ensure stable clamping.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of this application, in order to drive the rotary platform 402 to achieve precise rotational motion around the vertical axis and expand the processing position of the workpiece, a rotary drive mechanism is also provided inside the fixed base 401.

[0034] Specifically, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary column 414, a first bevel gear 415, a second bevel gear 417, and a second adjusting motor 416. The upper end of the rotary column 414 is fixedly connected to the center position of the rotary platform 402, and its lower end is rotatably supported inside the fixed base 401 by bearings, thereby bearing the rotational movement of the rotary platform 402 within the stable base structure.

[0035] The second adjusting motor 416 is preferably a servo motor, which is fixedly installed on a motor seat preset on the side wall of the fixed base 401. Its output shaft extends horizontally into the internal space of the fixed base 401. At the end of the output shaft of the second adjusting motor 416, a first bevel gear 415 is fixedly installed.

[0036] The second bevel gear 417 meshes with the first bevel gear 415 and is fixedly sleeved on the lower part of the rotating column 414. Through the right-angle meshing of the first bevel gear 415 and the second bevel gear 417, the horizontal axial rotational motion output by the second adjusting motor 416 is converted into the rotational motion of the rotating column 414 around the vertical axis.

[0037] Through this technical solution, the power of the second adjusting motor 416 is transmitted to the rotating column 414 via a right-angle transmission pair composed of the first bevel gear 415 and the second bevel gear 417. This drives the entire rotating platform 402, the rectangular support base 403, and all workpiece clamping components such as the three-jaw chuck 406 and the rotating center 413 mounted on it to rotate precisely. Under the control of the CNC system, the second adjusting motor 416 can achieve precise angular positioning or continuous slow rotation. In conjunction with the rotation of the three-axis moving assembly 2 and the workpiece around its own axis, it together constitutes the fifth or sixth axis rotational motion necessary for machining complex spatial curved surfaces, greatly enhancing the equipment's ability to process multi-angle features of large castings.

[0038] In one specific embodiment of this application, see [reference]. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the fixed housing 501 is fixedly installed on the side of the Z-axis moving seat 213 and arranged in parallel with the cutting assembly 3. When the equipment performs cutting processing, the laser scanner 502 is in a non-working state, but the transparent protective window 504 always covers the front of its light outlet, providing physical isolation. When dust, water mist or tiny splashes generated during processing adhere to the outer surface of the transparent protective window 504, the reciprocating movement of the protective plate 503 can drive the cleaning tool 505 to continuously clean it, ensuring its light transmittance.

[0039] Further, see Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, a guide groove is provided at the bottom of the fixed housing 501, and a protective plate 503 is slidably connected in the guide groove of the fixed housing 501. A transparent protective window 504 is provided on the protective plate 503, which serves as a normally closed protective barrier in front of the laser scanner 502. This allows the scanning laser beam to penetrate while permanently isolating the processing area from direct contamination and physical damage to the scanner body. A moving drive unit 506 is also connected to one end of the protective plate 503. A cleaning tool 505 is provided at the bottom of the protective plate 503. The moving drive unit 506 is used to drive the protective plate 503 to perform a short-stroke, high-frequency reciprocating linear motion along the guide groove. Through this motion, the cleaning tool 505 fixed at the bottom of the protective plate 503 is displaced relative to the fixed housing 501, thereby continuously wiping and cleaning the outer surface of the transparent protective window 504, realizing a self-maintenance function during the processing.

[0040] Preferably, see Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the cleaning tool 505 includes a support plate 5051 and a flexible scraper 5052. The support plate 5051 is located below the protective plate 503. Several flexible scrapers 5052 are fixedly connected to the support plate 5051. The flexible scrapers 5052 are in contact with the surfaces of the protective plate 503 and the transparent protective window 504. When the protective plate 503 moves back and forth, the flexible scrapers 5052 generate sliding friction relative to the fixed transparent protective window 504 surface, thereby scraping off the contaminants accumulated thereon.

[0041] Furthermore, the cleaning tool 505 also includes a bracket 5053 and a fine-tuning screw 5055. The bracket 5053 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the fixed housing 501. Guide rods 5054 are slidably connected to both sides of the bracket 5053. The top of the guide rods 5054 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support plate 5051. The fine-tuning screw 5055 is threadedly connected to the bracket 5053. The top of the fine-tuning screw 5055 is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the support plate 5051. Through this technical solution, the height of the support plate 5051 and the flexible scraper 5052 can be finely adjusted by rotating the fine-tuning screw 5055, thereby precisely controlling the pressure of the flexible scraper 5052 on the surface of the transparent protective window 504. This ensures the cleaning effect and avoids excessive pressure that could cause the flexible scraper 5052 to wear too quickly or scratch the surface of the protective window. It also allows for adjustment and compensation after the flexible scraper 5052 wears down.

[0042] To ensure that the fine-tuning screw 5055 remains stable after adjustment, during specific assembly, the staff needs to select the appropriate thread helix angle and friction angle according to the site conditions. This will enable the fine-tuning screw 5055 to resist axial force and prevent it from rotating or moving axially when subjected to gravity or reverse force, thus achieving the self-locking effect of the fine-tuning screw 5055.

[0043] Furthermore, in order to automatically link the cleaning motion of the protective plate 503 with the main processing motion of the equipment, and achieve automated cleaning without the need for an additional power source, see [reference needed]. Figure 7 As shown, the moving drive unit 506 includes a moving guide rod 5061, a rotating gear disk 5062, and a connecting rod 5063. The rotating gear disk 5062 is disposed on the side wall of the Z-axis moving seat 213 and is rotatably connected to the Z-axis moving seat 213. One end of the connecting rod 5063 is rotatably connected to an eccentric position on the side wall of the rotating gear disk 5062. The other end of the connecting rod 5063 is rotatably connected to the moving guide rod 5061. One end of the moving guide rod 5061 is fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate 503. Through this technical solution, when the rotating gear disk 5062 is driven to perform continuous rotational motion, the rotational motion is converted into linear reciprocating motion of the moving guide rod 5061 through its eccentrically positioned connecting rod 5063. This, in turn, drives the entire protective plate 503 and its transparent protective window 504 to reciprocate within the guide groove of the fixed housing 501, providing power for cleaning. In specific implementation, in order to ensure that the rotational motion of the rotating gear disk 5062 can be converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the protective plate 503 with a predetermined stroke, and to avoid motion interference or dead points, in this embodiment, the distance between the eccentric position of the rotating gear disk 5062 and the rotation center is E, the length of the connecting rod 5063 is L, and the preset cleaning stroke of the protective plate 503 is S, wherein: S = 2E, that is, the eccentricity E is designed to be half of the cleaning stroke S.

[0044] Meanwhile, the length of the connecting rod 5063 is greater than the eccentricity to ensure that during the continuous rotation of the rotating gear disk 5062, the connecting rod 5063 can always drive the moving guide rod 5061 and the protective plate 503 to complete the complete reciprocating stroke. The length of the moving guide rod 5061 is set to be slightly greater than or equal to its stroke.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of this application, in order to automatically and continuously clean during the cutting process and simplify the equipment structure, the moving drive unit 506 forms a mechanical linkage with the cutting assembly 3 through the linkage unit 507, obtaining power from the cutting spindle. The linkage unit 507 includes a pinion 5071 and a first transmission shaft 5072. The first transmission shaft 5072 is rotatably connected to the Z-axis moving base 213, and a pinion 5071 is fixedly connected to one end of the first transmission shaft 5072. The pinion 5071 meshes with the rotating gear disk 5062. The interior of the Z-axis moving base 213... The Z-axis moving seat 213 has an inner cavity, and a second drive shaft 5074 is rotatably connected in the inner cavity. One end of the second drive shaft 5074 is fixedly connected to a bevel gear B5075, and one end of the first drive shaft 5072 is fixedly connected to a bevel gear A5073. The bevel gears B5075 and A5073 mesh with each other. The other end of the second drive shaft 5074 is fixedly connected to a bevel gear C5076, and a bevel gear D5077 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the rotating shaft 301. The bevel gears C5076 and D5077 mesh with each other. With this technical solution, when the cutting motor 303 drives the rotating shaft 301 and the cutting tool 302 to perform rotary cutting, the power is transmitted to the second transmission shaft 5074 through the meshing bevel gears D5077 and C5076, and then to the first transmission shaft 5072 through bevel gears A5073 and B5075. Finally, the pinion 5071 drives the rotating gear disk 5062 to rotate continuously. This means that as long as the equipment is performing cutting operations, the protective plate 503 will reciprocate accordingly, driving the cleaning tool 505 to perform synchronous and uninterrupted cleaning of the transparent protective window 504.

[0046] The above design enables the linkage between cleaning actions and the processing process, eliminating the need for independent drive motors and control systems. It features a compact structure, high reliability, and ensures that the scanning window remains clean throughout the processing, preparing for any on-machine scanning tasks that may be triggered at any time.

[0047] The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. The content protected by this application does not involve any improvement to the software and methods.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A six-axis machine with scanning guidance function for cutting and machining large castings, characterized in that: include: The three-axis moving assembly (2) is composed of an X-axis moving unit, a Y-axis moving unit and a Z-axis moving unit. A cutting assembly (3) is fixedly connected to one end of the three-axis moving assembly (2). The cutting assembly (3) is used to process large casting workpieces. The workpiece fixing assembly (4) is located on one side of the three-axis moving assembly (2). The workpiece fixing assembly (4) consists of a rotatable three-jaw chuck (406) and a movable rotating center (413) for clamping the workpiece. The scanning guide mechanism (5) is arranged in parallel with the cutting assembly (3). The scanning guide mechanism (5) includes a fixed housing (501) and a laser scanner (502) disposed inside the fixed housing (501). A movable protective plate (503) is also provided at the bottom of the fixed housing (501). A transparent protective window (504) is provided on the protective plate (503). The bottom of the fixed housing (501) is provided with a guide groove, and a protective plate (503) is slidably connected in the guide groove of the fixed housing (501). A transparent protective window (504) is provided on the protective plate (503). A moving drive unit (506) is also connected to one end of the protective plate (503). A cleaning tool (505) is provided at the bottom of the protective plate (503). The moving drive unit (506) is used to drive the protective plate (503) to reciprocate linearly along the guide groove.

2. The six-axis equipment with scanning guidance function for cutting and processing large castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis moving unit includes a Z-axis support frame (212) and a Z-axis moving seat (213). The Z-axis support frame (212) and the Z-axis moving seat (213) are slidably connected. A Z-axis screw (214) is rotatably connected between the upper and lower sides of the Z-axis support frame (212). A Z-axis drive unit (215) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the Z-axis support frame (212). The output shaft end of the Z-axis drive unit (215) is connected to one end of the Z-axis screw (214).

3. The six-axis equipment with scanning guidance function for cutting and processing large castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting assembly (3) is mounted on the Z-axis moving seat (213). The cutting assembly (3) includes a rotating shaft (301), a cutting tool (302), and a cutting motor (303). The output shaft of the cutting motor (303) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft (301), and the other end of the rotating shaft (301) is fixedly connected to the cutting tool (302).

4. The six-axis equipment with scanning guidance function for cutting and processing large castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece fixing assembly (4) further includes a fixed base (401) and a rotating platform (402). The rotating platform (402) is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the fixed base (401). A rectangular support (403) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating platform (402). A first fixing frame (404) is fixedly connected to one end of the rectangular support (403). A rotating seat (405) is rotatably connected to the first fixing frame (404). A three-jaw chuck (406) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating seat (405). A rotary motor (407) is fixedly installed on one side of the first fixing frame (404). The end of the output shaft of the rotary motor (407) is fixedly connected to the rotating seat (405).

5. The six-axis equipment with scanning guidance function for cutting and processing large castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: An adjusting seat (409) is slidably connected to the rectangular support base (403). A second fixing frame (412) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the adjusting seat (409). A rotating tip (413) is installed on the second fixing frame (412).

6. The six-axis equipment with scanning guidance function for cutting and machining large castings according to claim 5, characterized in that: An adjusting screw (410) is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the rectangular support base (403). The adjusting screw (410) passes through the adjusting base (409) and is threadedly engaged with the adjusting base (409). A first adjusting motor (411) is also fixedly installed at one end of the rectangular support base (403). The end of the output shaft of the first adjusting motor (411) is fixedly connected to one end of the adjusting screw (410).

7. The six-axis equipment with scanning guidance function for cutting and machining large castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning tool (505) includes a support plate (5051) and a flexible scraper (5052). The support plate (5051) is located below the protective plate (503). Several flexible scrapers (5052) are fixedly connected to the support plate (5051). The flexible scrapers (5052) are in contact with the surfaces of the protective plate (503) and the transparent protective window (504).

8. The six-axis equipment with scanning guidance function for cutting and machining large castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving drive unit (506) includes a moving guide rod (5061), a rotating gear disk (5062), and a connecting rod (5063). The rotating gear disk (5062) is disposed on the side wall of the Z-axis moving seat (213) and is rotatably connected to the Z-axis moving seat (213). One end of the connecting rod (5063) is rotatably connected to the eccentric position of the side wall of the rotating gear disk (5062). The other end of the connecting rod (5063) is rotatably connected to the moving guide rod (5061). One end of the moving guide rod (5061) is fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate (503).

9. The six-axis equipment with scanning guidance function for cutting and machining large castings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The moving drive unit (506) forms a mechanical linkage with the cutting assembly (3) through the linkage unit (507). The linkage unit (507) includes a pinion gear (5071) and a first transmission shaft (5072). The first transmission shaft (5072) is rotatably connected to the Z-axis moving seat (213). One end of the first transmission shaft (5072) is fixedly connected to the pinion gear (5071). The pinion gear (5071) meshes with the rotating gear disk (5062). The Z-axis moving seat (213) has an internal cavity. The first transmission shaft (5072) is also rotatably connected to the internal cavity of the Z-axis moving seat (213). Two drive shafts (5074), one end of the second drive shaft (5074) is fixedly connected to a bevel gear B (5075), one end of the first drive shaft (5072) is fixedly connected to a bevel gear A (5073), the bevel gear B (5075) and the bevel gear A (5073) mesh with each other, the other end of the second drive shaft (5074) is fixedly connected to a bevel gear C (5076), and a bevel gear D (5077) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the rotating shaft (301), the bevel gear C (5076) and the bevel gear D (5077) mesh with each other.

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