Flexible gabion box underwater hoisting construction equipment and method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of loading, unloading and hoisting, and particularly discloses flexible gabion net underwater hoisting construction equipment and a method thereof.The hoisting construction equipment comprises a hoisting tool, the top and the bottom of the hoisting tool are each of an opening design, a gabion net is arranged on the inner side of the hoisting tool, and a plurality of vertical partition plates are distributed on the inner side of the gabion net; the number of the movable plates is two, and the sides, away from each other, of the two movable plates are symmetrically hinged to the front side and the rear side of the bottom of the lifting appliance. According to the underwater hoisting construction method for the flexible gabion net, the hoisting tool and the matched construction process are innovatively designed according to the technical defects, dry land construction conditions do not need to be created, underwater direct filling and precise hoisting and throwing of the gabion net are achieved, and the underwater hoisting construction method has the advantages of being convenient and fast to operate, high in stability, high in operation efficiency, precise in positioning and good in universality; and the problems in the prior art are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of loading and unloading technology, and particularly relates to a flexible gabion net underwater hoisting construction equipment and method. Background Technology

[0002] In underwater protection engineering construction, flexible gabion mesh is widely used in basic protection, slope reinforcement and other scenarios due to its good permeability, integrity and erosion resistance.

[0003] However, existing flexible gabion construction technology has significant limitations: traditional construction methods are highly dependent on land or dry land conditions. Even if it is required to be used underwater, temporary dry land environments must be created by building islands or cofferdams. This not only results in long construction cycles and high costs, but also easily damages the ecological environment of the construction water area.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a flexible gabion net underwater hoisting construction equipment and method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a flexible gabion net underwater hoisting construction equipment and method, thereby resolving the issues raised in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a flexible gabion underwater hoisting construction device, comprising: The lifting device has an open design at both the top and bottom, and a gabion mesh is installed inside the lifting device, with several vertical partitions distributed inside the gabion mesh. The movable plate consists of two movable plates, which are symmetrically hinged to the front and rear sides of the bottom of the lifting device on opposite sides. The load-bearing beam is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the movable plate. Both ends of the load-bearing beam protrude beyond the sides of the movable plate, and a synchronous deflection device is connected between the ends of the two load-bearing beams in the same direction. The synchronous deflection device includes a pull rod, a deflection rod, and a first reset assembly. The pull rod is slidably mounted on the side of the lifting device in a vertical direction. There are two deflection rods, and the top ends of the two deflection rods are symmetrically hinged to the bottom end of the pull rod. The bottom ends of the two deflection rods are respectively hinged to the top end of one end of two load-bearing beams in the same direction. The first reset assembly is connected to the top end of the pull rod and is used to drive the pull rod to reset upward after it moves downward.

[0007] Furthermore, the first reset assembly includes a shaped rod, a limiting rod, a fixing block, and a first reset spring. The shaped rod is fixedly connected to the top of the pull rod and is symmetrically distributed about the pull rod. There are two limiting rods, which are symmetrically and vertically fixedly connected to the two ends of the shaped rod. The fixing block is slidably sleeved on the limiting rod and is fixedly connected to the lifting device. The first reset spring is sleeved on the limiting rod, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the shaped rod and the fixing block, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, a rectangular ring-shaped wing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting device, and a first lifting lug is fixedly connected to each of the four corners of the top of the wing plate. A secondary wire rope is connected to the first lifting lug, and rollers are horizontally rotatably installed on both sides of the wing plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a second lifting lug is fixedly connected to the top of both ends of the load-bearing beam, and a main steel wire rope and a traction rope are connected to the second lifting lug.

[0010] Furthermore, the width of the movable plate is equal to half the width of the lifting device, the length of the movable plate is equal to the length of the lifting device, and several top blocks are uniformly fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate along its length. A sliding plate is horizontally slidably installed between two adjacent top blocks. A strip-shaped through hole is opened between the two sides of the top blocks. The same connecting rod is fixedly connected between multiple sliding plates. The connecting rod is inserted into the through hole. A second reset component is connected to the side of the sliding plate away from the front and rear symmetrical planes of the lifting device.

[0011] Furthermore, the second reset assembly includes a pull rope, a guide roller, and a second reset spring. The pull rope is connected to the side of the movable plate away from the front and rear symmetrical planes of the lifting device, and a strip-shaped hole perpendicular to the length direction of the load-bearing beam is opened through the movable plate at the position directly opposite the pull rope. The pull rope is inserted into the strip-shaped hole. The guide roller is rotatably installed at the bottom position of the strip-shaped hole, and the pull rope passes around the bottom end of the guide roller. The second reset spring is horizontally fixedly connected to the side of the load-bearing beam away from the front and rear symmetrical planes of the lifting device, and the end of the second reset spring away from the load-bearing beam is connected to the end of the pull rope away from the movable plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the top of the skateboard is flush with the top of the top block, and a wear-resistant rubber pad of matching size is fixedly connected to the top of the skateboard. Anti-slip strips parallel to the length direction of the connecting rod are evenly distributed on the top of the wear-resistant rubber pad.

[0013] Furthermore, the length of the top block is greater than the length of the slide plate, and the top of the top block has strip-shaped protrusions evenly distributed along its length direction.

[0014] Furthermore, a U-shaped plate is installed on the side of the lifting device, directly opposite the second lifting lug. A guide wheel is rotatably installed on the inner side of the U-shaped plate. Two main steel wire ropes located on the same side of the lifting device are respectively located inside the two U-shaped plates, and the two main steel wire ropes are respectively located on the side directly opposite the two guide wheels.

[0015] This invention also provides a construction method using underwater hoisting equipment with flexible gabion nets, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Construction Preparation: Based on the construction design requirements, determine the volume, partition structure, and filler type of each gabion mesh, select appropriate lifting equipment, and adjust the partition size according to the width of the gabion mesh. Step 2, Excavation of the foundation trench: The foundation trench and the bank slope are excavated together using a bucket dredger or a long-arm excavator. After the excavation is completed, the water depth is measured by single beam or multibeam to ensure that the elevation and flatness of the foundation trench meet the design requirements. Step 3: Setting up water surface positioning markers: According to the design drawings, set up longitudinal and transverse positioning grid lines on the water surface. The grid spacing is determined according to the side length of the gabion net. Use buoys as water surface positioning markers. The bottom of the buoys is equipped with counterweights to prevent displacement due to water flow and wind. Step 4, Land-based filling of gabion nets: Using the rectangular frame of the lifting equipment as a stable working platform, fill the gabion nets with filler material. During the filling process, use the supporting effect of the partitions to prevent the gabion nets from deforming or shifting. After the filler material reaches the design height, stop filling, slowly remove the partitions, and tie and seal the gabion nets. Step 5, Lifting Equipment Connection and Lifting Preparation Stage: First, connect the main hook of the conventional lifting equipment to the second lifting lug and the auxiliary hook to the first lifting lug. Then, connect two traction ropes to the second lifting lug and assign a dedicated person to be responsible for traction control to ensure that the traction ropes are evenly stressed and that their length is suitable for the construction site requirements. Finally, start the lifting equipment and conduct a trial lift operation. After confirming that there are no abnormalities, the lifting preparation is completed. Step Six, Lifting: First, the lifting equipment slowly lifts the lifting device and gabion net by using the main hook. At this time, the auxiliary wire rope remains slack and does not bear the main load. During the lifting process, the lifting speed of the main wire rope and the traction force of the traction rope are adjusted to achieve the initial adjustment of the lifting device's posture and ensure that the lifting device is moved smoothly above the construction water area. Step 7: Gabion Net Deployment: Observe the planar position of the lifting device using buoys set up on the water. Combined with the length adjustment of the traction rope and main wire rope, accurately position the lifting device to the designed deployment point. After confirming that the lifting device has reached the designated position, slowly release the main wire rope. Under the combined action of the gabion net's own weight and underwater buoyancy, the movable plate deflects to both sides and opens. Under the action of gravity, the gabion net smoothly falls from the lifting device to the designated underwater position, completing the deployment. During the deployment process, keep the traction rope under slight tension to avoid collision between the lifting device and the gabion net due to water flow impact. After the gabion net is deployed, tighten the main wire rope to drive the movable plate to reset and lock. Then, lift the lifting device out of the water surface to start the next construction cycle.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. The underwater hoisting construction method for flexible gabion nets proposed in this invention addresses the above-mentioned technical pain points by innovatively designing hoisting tools and supporting construction processes. It eliminates the need to create dry site construction conditions, enabling direct underwater filling, precise hoisting, and deployment of gabion nets. It has the advantages of convenient operation, strong stability, high work efficiency, accurate positioning, and good versatility, effectively solving the problems existing in the prior art. 2. The present invention provides stable support for gabion mesh during the filling stage through the rectangular frame structure of the lifting device and the setting of movable partitions, effectively restraining the deformation of gabion mesh during filling, lifting and water release, especially protecting the regular shape of gabion mesh and ensuring construction quality. 3. The dual adjustment mechanism of main wire rope hoisting and manual angle control of traction rope is adopted to realize flexible adjustment of the underwater posture of the lifting equipment, ensuring the accurate deployment of gabion nets at the designated underwater position, and solving the problem of inaccurate positioning in traditional construction. 4. The frame structure of the lifting equipment forms a stable working platform, and the filling of gabion mesh does not require additional binding and fixing, which significantly improves the filling speed of stone, shortens the construction cycle, and improves work efficiency. 5. Adjust the size of the movable partition and the specifications of the lifting equipment to adapt to gabion nets with different volumes and partition structures from 1 to 5m³ and various filling materials. It is compatible with conventional lifting equipment and is suitable for various underwater protection projects such as inland rivers, coastal areas, and reservoirs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the construction method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the synchronous deflection device in this invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the movable plate, top block, and sliding plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the movable plate, the load-bearing beam, and the second reset assembly in this invention; Figure 6 In this invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of part A; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the skateboard, connecting rod, wear-resistant rubber pad, and anti-slip strip in this invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Lifting device; 2. Gabion net; 3. Partition plate; 4. Movable plate; 5. Load-bearing beam; 6. Tie rod; 7. Deflection rod; 8. Irregular rod; 9. Limiting rod; 10. Fixing block; 11. First return spring; 12. Wing plate; 13. First lifting lug; 14. Secondary wire rope; 15. Roller shaft; 16. Second lifting lug; 17. Main wire rope; 18. Traction rope; 19. Top block; 20. Slide plate; 21. Through hole; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Pull rope; 24. Guide roller; 25. Second return spring; 26. Strip hole; 27. Wear-resistant rubber pad; 28. Anti-slip strip; 29. ​​Strip protrusion; 30. U-shaped plate; 31. Guide wheel; 32. Reinforcing rib; 33. Drainage hole. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0020] This invention provides, for example Figures 1 to 7 The diagram shows an underwater hoisting construction device for flexible gabion mesh, comprising: a lifting device 1, movable plates 4, and load-bearing beams 5. The lifting device 1 has an open top and bottom, and a gabion mesh 2 is installed inside the lifting device 1, with several vertical partitions 3 distributed inside the gabion mesh 2; two movable plates 4 are symmetrically hinged to the front and rear sides of the bottom of the lifting device 1 on opposite sides; and the load-bearing beams 5 are horizontally fixed to the bottom of the movable plates 4, with both ends of the load-bearing beams protruding beyond the sides of the movable plates 4. A synchronous deflection device is connected between the ends of beams 5 in the same direction. The synchronous deflection device includes a tie rod 6, a deflection rod 7, and a first reset assembly. The tie rod 6 is slidably installed on the side of the lifting device 1 in the vertical direction. There are two deflection rods 7. The top ends of the two deflection rods 7 are symmetrically hinged to the bottom end of the tie rod 6. The bottom ends of the two deflection rods 7 are respectively hinged to the top of the ends of the two load-bearing beams 5 in the same direction. The first reset assembly is connected to the top end of the tie rod 6 and is used to drive the tie rod 6 to reset upward after the tie rod 6 moves downward. The first reset assembly includes a shaped rod 8, a limiting rod 9, a fixing block 10, and a first reset spring 11. The shaped rod 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the pull rod 6, and the shaped rod 8 is symmetrically distributed about the pull rod 6. There are two limiting rods 9, which are symmetrically and vertically fixedly connected to the two ends of the shaped rod 8. The fixing block 10 is slidably sleeved on the limiting rod 9, and the fixing block 10 is fixedly connected to the lifting device 1. The first reset spring 11 is sleeved on the limiting rod 9, and the two ends of the first reset spring 11 are fixedly connected to the shaped rod 8 and the fixing block 10, respectively. The top of the lifting device 1 is fixedly connected to a rectangular ring-shaped wing plate 12. The top of the wing plate 12 is fixedly connected to the four corners of each of the four corners. The first lifting lugs 13 are connected to the first lifting lugs 13. The rollers 15 are horizontally rotatably installed on both sides of the wing plate 12. The top of both ends of the load-bearing beam 5 are fixedly connected to the second lifting lugs 16. The second lifting lugs 16 are connected to the main wire rope 17 and the traction rope 18. During the hoisting of the gabion mesh 2, as the gabion mesh 2 is hoisted to the designated working area, the auxiliary wire rope 14 first contracts, thereby generating tension on the lifting device 1. Then, the main wire rope 17 gradually extends. As the main wire rope 17 gradually extends, the two movable plates 4 can deflect downwards under the pressure of the gabion mesh 2. However, since the lengths of the main wire ropes 17 attached to the two load-bearing beams 5 may differ, the deflection amplitude of the two movable plates 4 may differ, leading to variations in the gabion mesh's deflection amplitude during the process of the movable plates 4 deflecting. The bottom of the gabion mesh 2 may tilt due to uneven support, which may cause the gabion mesh 2 to deviate from its placement position. In this case, a synchronous deflection device is set up. When any one of the movable plates 4 deflects, the movable plate 4 can pull the pull rod 6 downward through the deflection rod 7 connected to it. As the pull rod 6 moves downward, the other deflection rod 7 can deflect downward under the push of the pull rod 6, thus ensuring that the two movable plates 4 deflect to both sides synchronously, ensuring that the gabion mesh 2 falls smoothly and avoiding the imbalance problem caused by unilateral deflection. During the downward movement of the pull rod 6, the pull rod 6 can drive the two limiting rods 9 to move downward through the irregular rod 8. As the irregular rod 8 moves downward, the first return spring 11 can be gradually compressed. When the gabion net 2 inside the lifting device 1 is completely removed from the lifting device 1, as the first return spring 11 gradually extends, the pull rod 6 can pull the two deflection rods 7 upward under the upward pushing force of the first return spring 11 on the irregular rod 8. As the two deflection rods 7 move upward, the two movable plates 4 can be re-attached to the bottom of the lifting device 1 under the pull of the two deflection rods 7, thus automatically preparing for the next filling of gabion net 2 and filler, improving the efficiency of subsequent work.

[0021] like Figures 4 to 7As shown, the width of the movable plate 4 is equal to half the width of the lifting device 1, and the length of the movable plate 4 is equal to the length of the lifting device 1. Several top blocks 19 are uniformly fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate 4 along its length direction. A sliding plate 20 is horizontally slidably installed between two adjacent top blocks 19. A strip-shaped through hole 21 is opened between the two sides of the top block 19. The same connecting rod 22 is fixedly connected between multiple sliding plates 20. The connecting rod 22 is inserted into the through hole 21. A second reset component is connected to the side of the sliding plate 20 away from the front and rear symmetrical planes of the lifting device 1. The second reset assembly includes a pull rope 23, a guide roller 24, and a second reset spring 25. The pull rope 23 is connected to the side of the movable plate 4 away from the front and rear symmetrical planes of the lifting device 1. The movable plate 4 and the pull rope 23 are directly opposite each other and have a strip hole 26 perpendicular to the length direction of the load-bearing beam 5. The pull rope 23 is inserted into the strip hole 26. The guide roller 24 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the strip hole 26 and the pull rope 23 passes around the bottom end of the guide roller 24. The second reset spring 25 is horizontally fixed to the side of the load-bearing beam 5 away from the front and rear symmetrical planes of the lifting device 1. The end of the second reset spring 25 away from the load-bearing beam 5 is connected to the end of the pull rope 23 away from the movable plate 4. The top of the slide plate 20 is flush with the top of the top block 19, and a wear-resistant rubber pad 27 of matching size is fixedly connected to the top of the slide plate 20. Anti-slip strips 28 parallel to the length direction of the connecting rod 22 are evenly distributed on the top of the wear-resistant rubber pad 27. The anti-slip strips 28 can work with the wear-resistant rubber pad 27 to further increase the friction between the bottom of the gabion mesh 2 and the slide plate 20, so that the gabion mesh 2 can move the slide plate 20 downward together. The length of the top block 19 is greater than the length of the slide plate 20, and the top of the top block 19 is evenly distributed with strip-shaped protrusions 29 parallel to its length direction. By setting the strip-shaped protrusions 29, the contact area between the bottom of the gabion mesh 2 and the filling material and the top block 19 is reduced, thereby reducing the friction between the gabion mesh 2 and the filling material and the top block 19. As the movable plate 4 deflects downward, the bottom edge of the gabion mesh 2 can slide down the movable plate 4 and out of the bottom of the lifting device 1 under the action of gravity. As the gabion mesh 2 moves downward, since the gabion mesh 2 and its inner filling are relatively rough, the gabion mesh 2 and its inner filling will scratch the surface of the movable plate 4. Over time, the movable plate 4 will be damaged due to wear. At this time, by setting up the sliding plate 20, when the gabion mesh 2 is placed inside the lifting device 1, since the gabion mesh 2 itself has a certain toughness, as the filling is put into the gabion mesh 2, the bottom of the gabion mesh 2 can be supported by the slightly higher sliding plate 20, and the position of the bottom of the gabion mesh 2 facing the top block 19 can also be slightly deformed under the pressure of the filling and supported by the top block 19. When the filling is completed, the gabion mesh 2 as a whole can be supported by several sliding plates 20 and top blocks 19 together. When the movable plate 4 is slowly released by extending the main steel wire rope 17, as the movable plate 4 deflects downward, the bottom middle position of the gabion mesh 2 gradually becomes suspended, while the front and rear edges of the gabion mesh 2 are supported by multiple sliding plates 20 on the two movable plates 4. At this time, as the deflection angle of the movable plate 4 gradually increases, the bottom of the lifting device 1 gradually opens. At this time, the gabion mesh 2 can drive the sliding plates 20 on the two movable plates 4 to slide downward along the top surface of the movable plate 4 under the action of gravity, thereby avoiding friction between the bottom of the gabion mesh 2 and the movable plate 4, thus protecting the movable plate 4 and extending its service life. In addition, by setting up the slide plate 20, as the slide plate 20 slides downward, part of the slide plate 20 can extend further downward with the gabion net 2. During this process, the slide plates 20 on the two movable plates 4 can guide the gabion net 2 from the front and rear sides, so that the gabion net 2 can be more accurately placed into the designated position. With the second reset component, as the slide plate 20 slides downward, the slide plate 20 can stretch the second reset spring 25 through the pull rope 23. When the gabion net 2 is deployed, as the gabion net 2 separates from the slide plate 20, the second reset spring 25 can automatically retract, thereby pulling the slide plate 20 to automatically reset through the pull rope 23, thus facilitating subsequent work.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, a U-shaped plate 30 is installed on the side of the lifting device 1, directly opposite the second lifting lug 16. A guide wheel 31 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the U-shaped plate 30. Two main steel wire ropes 17 located on the same side of the lifting device 1 are located on the inner side of the two U-shaped plates 30, and the two main steel wire ropes 17 are located on the side directly opposite the two guide wheels 31. By providing guide wheels 31, the main wire rope 17 can better restrict the main wire rope 17 during the deflection of the movable plate 4, preventing it from swaying randomly. At the same time, the rollers 15, which are horizontally mounted on both sides of the wing plate 12, always remain aligned with the main wire rope 17. Together with the guide wheels 31, this prevents the main wire rope 17 from rubbing against the side of the lifting device 1, reduces the wear efficiency of the main wire rope 17, extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces safety hazards caused by wire rope damage.

[0023] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the outer side of the lifting device 1 is fitted with a reinforcing rib 32. The lifting device 1 adopts a welded frame structure of rectangular steel plates and channel steel, and the number of reinforcing ribs 32 is not less than two. Drainage holes 33 are provided through the side of the lifting device 1 near the bottom, as well as on the movable plate 4 and the top block 19. With drainage holes 33 provided, when the lifting device 1 is lifted out of the water by the lifting equipment, the water inside the lifting device 1 can be discharged through the drainage holes 33, reducing the lifting burden on the lifting equipment. The lifting device 1 adopts a welded frame structure of rectangular steel plates and channel steel, combined with transverse reinforcing ribs 32 and wing plates 12, which has strong overall rigidity and outstanding load-bearing capacity, and can effectively restrain the deformation of the gabion net 2 during the filling, lifting and launching process.

[0024] This invention also provides a construction method using underwater hoisting equipment with flexible gabion mesh 2, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Construction preparation: According to the construction design requirements, determine the volume (suitable for 1 to 5 m³), ​​partition structure and filling type (pebbles or boulders) of each gabion mesh 2, select the appropriate specifications of the lifting equipment 1, and adjust the size of the partition 3 according to the width of the gabion mesh 2. Step 2, Excavation of the foundation trench: The foundation trench and the bank slope are excavated together using a bucket dredger or a long-arm excavator. After the excavation is completed, the water depth is measured by single beam or multibeam to ensure that the elevation and flatness of the foundation trench meet the design requirements. Step 3: Setting up water surface positioning marks: According to the design drawings, set up longitudinal and transverse positioning grid lines on the water surface. The grid spacing is determined according to the side length of the gabion net. Use buoys as water surface positioning marks. The bottom of the buoys is equipped with counterweights to prevent displacement due to water flow and wind. Step 4, Land-based filling of gabion mesh 2: Using the rectangular frame of lifting device 1 as a stable working platform, fill the gabion mesh 2 with filler material. During the filling process, use the supporting effect of partition 3 to prevent the gabion mesh 2 from deforming or misaligning. After the filler material is filled to the design height, stop filling, slowly pull out the partition 3, and tie and seal it. Step 5, Lifting Gear 1 Connection and Lifting Preparation Stage: First, connect the main hook of the conventional lifting equipment to the second lifting lug 16 and the auxiliary hook to the first lifting lug 13. Then, connect two traction ropes 18 to the second lifting lug 16. Assign a dedicated person to be responsible for traction control to ensure that the traction ropes 18 are evenly stressed and that their length is suitable for the construction site requirements. Finally, start the lifting equipment and conduct a trial lift operation. After confirming that there are no abnormalities, the lifting preparation is completed. Step 6, Lifting: First, the lifting equipment slowly lifts the lifting device 1 and gabion net 2 by using the main hook. At this time, the auxiliary wire rope 14 remains slack and does not bear the main load. During the lifting process, the lifting speed of the main wire rope 17 and the traction force of the traction rope 18 are adjusted to achieve the initial adjustment of the posture of the lifting device 1 and ensure that the lifting device 1 is moved smoothly to the upper part of the construction water area. Step 7, Gabion Net 2 Deployment: Observe the planar position of the lifting device 1 using buoys set on the water. Combined with the length adjustment of the traction rope 18 and the main steel wire rope 17, accurately position the lifting device 1 to the designed deployment point. After confirming that the lifting device 1 has reached the designated position, slowly release the main steel wire rope 17. Under the combined action of the weight of the gabion net 2 and the underwater buoyancy, the movable plate 4 deflects to both sides and opens. Under the action of gravity, the gabion net 2 falls smoothly from the lifting device 1 to the designated underwater position, completing the deployment. During the deployment process, keep the traction rope 18 slightly stressed to avoid collision between the lifting device 1 and the gabion net 2 due to water flow impact. After the gabion net 2 is deployed, tighten the main steel wire rope 17 to drive the movable plate 4 to reset and lock. Then, lift the lifting device 1 out of the water surface to start the next construction cycle.

[0025] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it.

Claims

1. A flexible gabion net underwater hoisting construction equipment, characterized in that, Include: The spreader (1), the top and bottom of the spreader (1) are open design, the inside of the spreader (1) is provided with gabion net (2), and the inside of the gabion net (2) is distributed with several vertical partitions (3); The movable plate (4) is two, and the two movable plates (4) are symmetrically hinged on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the spreader (1) on the side away from each other; The load-bearing beam (5) is horizontally fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable plate (4), both ends of the load-bearing beam (5) protrude from both sides of the movable plate (4), and both ends of the load-bearing beam (5) in the same direction are connected with synchronous deflection devices; The synchronous deflection device includes a pull rod (6), a deflection rod (7) and a first reset assembly, the pull rod (6) is vertically slidably installed on the side of the spreader (1), the top ends of the two deflection rods (7) are symmetrically hinged to the bottom end of the pull rod (6), the bottom ends of the two deflection rods (7) are hinged together with the top of the one end of the two load-bearing beams (5) in the same direction, and the first reset assembly is connected to the top end of the pull rod (6) for upward resetting the pull rod (6) after moving downward.

2. The flexible gabion net underwater installation construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reset assembly includes a special-shaped rod (8), a limiting rod (9), a fixed block (10) and a first reset spring (11), the special-shaped rod (8) is fixedly connected to the top end of the pull rod (6), and the special-shaped rod (8) is symmetrically distributed about the pull rod (6), the two limiting rods (9) are symmetrically and vertically fixedly connected to the two ends of the special-shaped rod (8), the fixed block (10) is slidably sleeved on the limiting rod (9), and the fixed block (10) is fixedly connected with the spreader (1), the first reset spring (11) is sleeved on the limiting rod (9), and the two ends of the first reset spring (11) are fixedly connected with the special-shaped rod (8) and the fixed block (10) respectively.

3. The flexible gabion net underwater installation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the spreader (1) is fixedly connected with a rectangular ring-shaped wing plate (12), the top of the wing plate (12) is fixedly connected with a first lifting lug (13) near the four corners, the first lifting lug (13) is connected with a secondary steel wire rope (14), and the two sides of the wing plate (12) are horizontally rotatably installed with roller shafts (15).

4. The flexible gabion net underwater installation apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the load-bearing beam (5) is fixedly connected with a second lifting lug (16), the second lifting lug (16) is connected with a main steel wire rope (17) and a traction rope (18).

5. The flexible gabion net underwater installation apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the movable plate (4) is equal to half of the width of the lifting appliance (1), the length of the movable plate (4) is equal to the length of the lifting appliance (1), a plurality of top blocks (19) are uniformly and fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate (4) along the length direction of the movable plate (4), a sliding plate (20) is horizontally and slidably arranged between two adjacent top blocks (19), a strip-shaped through hole (21) is formed between the two sides of the top block (19), a connecting rod (22) is fixedly connected between a plurality of sliding plates (20), the connecting rod (22) is inserted into the through hole (21), and a second reset assembly is connected to one side of the sliding plate (20) away from the front and rear side symmetry plane of the lifting appliance (1).

6. The flexible gabion net underwater installation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second reset assembly comprises a pull rope (23), a guide roller (24) and a second reset spring (25), the pull rope (23) is connected to one side of the movable plate (4) away from the front and rear side symmetry plane of the lifting appliance (1), a strip-shaped hole (26) perpendicular to the length direction of the bearing beam (5) is formed in the position opposite to the pull rope (23) of the movable plate (4), the pull rope (23) is inserted into the strip-shaped hole (26), the guide roller (24) is rotatably arranged at the bottom position of the strip-shaped hole (26), the bottom end of the pull rope (23) passes through the guide roller (24), and the second reset spring (25) is fixedly connected to one side of the bearing beam (5) away from the front and rear side symmetry plane of the lifting appliance (1), and one end of the second reset spring (25) away from the bearing beam (5) is connected to one end of the pull rope (23) away from the movable plate (4).

7. The flexible gabion net underwater installation apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the sliding plate (20) is flush with the top of the top block (19), and a wear-resistant rubber pad (27) matching in size is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding plate (20), and the top of the wear-resistant rubber pad (27) is uniformly provided with anti-skid strips (28) parallel to the length direction of the connecting rod (22).

8. The flexible gabion net underwater installation apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The length of the top block (19) is greater than the length of the sliding plate (20), and the top of the top block (19) is uniformly provided with strip-shaped protrusions (29) parallel to the length direction of the top block (19).

9. The flexible gabion net underwater installation apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The U-shaped plate (30) is arranged on the side of the lifting appliance (1) opposite to the second lifting lug (16), the guide wheel (31) is rotatably arranged on the inner side of the U-shaped plate (30), and the two sections of main steel wire ropes (17) on the same side of the lifting appliance (1) are arranged on the inner sides of the two U-shaped plates (30) and on the sides opposite to the two guide wheels (31) respectively.

10. A method of construction using the flexible gabion net underwater installation apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterised in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step one, construction preparation: according to the construction design requirements, the volume, partition structure and filler type of each gabion net (2) are determined, the lifting appliance (1) of appropriate specification is selected, and the size of the partition plate (3) is adjusted according to the width of the gabion net (2); Step two, base trench excavation: the base trench and the bank slope are excavated by a dredger or a long-arm excavator, after the excavation is completed, the water depth single-beam or multi-beam measurement is carried out, and it is ensured that the base trench elevation and flatness meet the design requirements; Step three, water surface positioning mark setting: according to the design drawing, longitudinal and transverse positioning grid lines are set on the water surface, the grid spacing is determined according to the side length of the gabion net (2), and a float is used as the water surface positioning mark, and a counterweight is arranged at the bottom of the float to prevent displacement caused by water flow and wind force; Step four, onshore filling of gabion net (2): using the rectangular frame of the lifting appliance (1) as a stable work platform, fill the fillers into the gabion net (2), and use the supporting effect of the partition (3) to avoid deformation and misplacement of the gabion net (2) during the filling process; stop filling when the fillers are filled to the designed height, slowly pull out the partition (3), and bind and seal the cover; Step five, lifting appliance (1) connection and lifting preparation stage: first connect the main hook of the conventional lifting equipment with the second lifting lug (16), and connect the secondary hook with the first lifting lug (13), then connect two traction ropes (18) at the second lifting lug (16), arrange a person in charge of traction control, ensure that the traction rope (18) is evenly stressed and the length is suitable for the construction site requirements, finally start the lifting equipment, perform trial lifting operation, and complete the lifting preparation after confirming that there is no abnormality; Step six, lifting: first, the lifting equipment drives the lifting appliance (1) and the gabion net (2) to slowly rise through the main hook, at this time the secondary steel wire rope (14) remains in a relaxed state and does not bear the main load, during the rising process, adjust the lifting speed of the main steel wire rope (17) and the traction force of the traction rope (18) to realize the preliminary adjustment of the posture of the lifting appliance (1) and ensure that the lifting appliance (1) moves stably above the construction water area; Step seven, gabion net (2) placement: the planar position of the lifting appliance (1) is observed through the buoy set on the water, and the lifting appliance (1) is accurately positioned to the designed placement point by adjusting the length of the traction rope (18) and the main steel wire rope (17), after confirming that the lifting appliance (1) reaches the specified position, slowly loosen the main steel wire rope (17), under the combined action of the self-weight of the gabion net (2) and the underwater buoyancy, the movable plate (4) deflects and opens to both sides, the gabion net (2) falls stably from the lifting appliance (1) to the specified position under the action of gravity, and the placement is completed; during the placement process, keep the traction rope (18) slightly stressed to avoid collision between the lifting appliance (1) and the gabion net (2) due to water flow impact; after the gabion net (2) is placed, the main steel wire rope (17) is tightened to reset and lock the movable plate (4), then the lifting appliance (1) is lifted away from the water surface for the next round of construction cycle.

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