A sound-insulating composite unit panel and its preparation method, and a sound-insulating wall panel.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of sound insulation construction technology, and discloses a sound insulation composite unit panel, its preparation method, and a sound insulation wall panel. The sound insulation composite unit panel includes a unit panel, a layered spiral resonant structure, a perforated plate, and a cotton felt layer sandwiched between the two. The layered spiral resonant structure consists of a first spiral column and a second spiral column coaxially fitted and filled with sound-absorbing material, with spiral diameters of 15-25 mm and 25-45 mm, respectively. The conical holes on the perforated plate are designed with a large inlet and a small outlet. Through the precise matching of the above structure and parameters, this unit panel achieves efficient broadband sound absorption and high sound insulation performance in the 100-500Hz low-frequency range. Its preparation method is simple, suitable for industrial mass production, and has a high pass rate. The sound insulation wall panel is flexibly combined from multiple unit panels, offering significant advantages such as quick installation, convenient transportation, and on-site assembly, greatly improving construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sound insulation construction technology, and in particular to a sound insulation composite unit board and its preparation method, and a sound insulation wall panel. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of architectural acoustics and industrial noise control, efficient control of low- and mid-frequency noise (especially in the 100Hz to 500Hz band) has always been a core concern for the industry. This frequency band has concentrated energy and a long wavelength, covering the main energy distribution areas of common pollution sources such as traffic noise, mechanical and electrical equipment operation noise, and floor impact noise, and has extremely strong penetrating and diffraction capabilities.

[0003] Traditional porous materials perform well in the mid-to-high frequencies, but their sound absorption coefficient drops sharply in the low-frequency range due to reduced flow resistance. While Helmholtz resonator-like structures can target specific low frequencies, their effective absorption bandwidth is extremely narrow, typically less than 1 / 3 octave, failing to cover the entire low-frequency noise spectrum. Although existing technologies have attempted to combine multiple resonant units of different sizes, the lack of effective acoustic coupling design often results in the simple superposition of the unit performances, leading to significant performance fluctuations and gaps across the entire frequency range. Impedance mismatch during sound wave transmission between different components causes a large amount of sound energy to be reflected rather than absorbed at the interface, making it difficult for traditional structures to achieve balanced and efficient sound absorption (stable average sound absorption coefficient ≥0.85) across the entire frequency range.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a sound insulation structure that can achieve a comprehensive control effect of high sound absorption and high sound insulation for noise in a wide frequency range of 100-500Hz. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing sound insulation structures in simultaneously achieving high sound absorption and high sound insulation effects within a wide frequency range of 100–500 Hz. This invention provides a sound insulation composite unit panel, its preparation method, and a sound insulation wall panel. Through the coordinated design of the structure and structural parameters, the prepared sound insulation composite unit panel achieves efficient broadband sound absorption within the 100–500 Hz range, with an average sound absorption coefficient ≥0.85 and a sound insulation ≥35 dB. It exhibits excellent performance, a simple structure, and is easy to promote and apply.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a sound-insulating composite unit panel, comprising:

[0007] Unit board;

[0008] A layered helical resonance structure, comprising a first helical column and a second helical column, both fixed to the unit plate;

[0009] Both the first and second spiral columns are plate-like spiral structures, and the spiral cavities formed between adjacent spiral plates are filled with sound-absorbing material. The second spiral column is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the first spiral column. The diameter of the first spiral column is 15-25 mm, and the diameter of the second spiral column is 25-45 mm.

[0010] A perforated plate covers and is fixed to the side of the layered helical resonant structure away from the unit plate; the perforated plate has a plurality of conical holes, the inlet diameter of the conical holes away from the layered helical resonant structure being larger than the outlet diameter on the other side;

[0011] A cotton felt layer is disposed between the perforated plate and the layered spiral resonant structure.

[0012] This invention provides a sound-insulating composite unit panel, comprising: a unit panel; a layered spiral resonant structure; a first spiral column and a second spiral column, both fixed to the unit panel; both the first and second spiral columns are sheet-like spiral structures, forming spiral cavities filled with sound-absorbing material, with the second spiral column coaxially sleeved on the outside of the first spiral column; the diameter of the first spiral column is 15-25 mm, and the diameter of the second spiral column is 25-45 mm; a perforated plate, which covers and is fixed to the side of the layered spiral resonant structure away from the unit panel; the perforated plate has several conical holes, the inlet diameter of which is larger than the outlet diameter on the other side; and a cotton felt layer, which is disposed between the perforated plate and the layered spiral resonant structure. Through the composite design of the unit panel, the layered spiral resonant structure, the perforated plate, and the cotton felt layer, a complete acoustic functional unit is formed. Through the coordinated design of the structure and structural parameters, the prepared sound insulation composite unit board can achieve efficient broadband sound absorption in the 100-500Hz range, with an average sound absorption coefficient ≥0.85 and a sound insulation ≥35dB. It has excellent performance, simple structure, and is easy to promote and apply.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a spiral shaft, one end of which is fixedly connected to the unit plate, and the first spiral column is arranged around the spiral shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameter of the spiral shaft is 1mm to 3mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the diameters of both the first and second helical columns refer to the overall outer diameter of the helical column. Specifically, it refers to the diameter of the circle formed by the outermost contour of the helical blades of the helical column in a direction parallel to the plane of the unit plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the sound-absorbing material is at least one of polyester fiber, glass wool, and rock wool.

[0017] Furthermore, the diameter of the first helical column is 18-22 mm, and the diameter of the second helical column is 38-42 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the pitch of the first and second helical studs is 5-10 mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the porosity of the cotton felt layer is ≥92%. Preferably, the porosity of the cotton felt layer is ≥95%.

[0020] Furthermore, the cotton felt layer is made of aerogel cotton felt material.

[0021] Furthermore, the inner wall of the conical hole is provided with a corrugated structure, including a plurality of annular protrusions spaced apart along the length of the conical hole, the annular protrusions being arranged circumferentially around the conical hole.

[0022] Furthermore, the height of the annular protrusion is 0.1–0.5 mm, and / or the distance between two adjacent annular protrusions is 0.1–0.3 mm. Preferably, the height of the annular protrusion is 0.1–0.3 mm, and / or the distance between two adjacent annular protrusions is 0.2–0.3 mm.

[0023] Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent annular protrusions refers to the axial distance between corresponding points of two adjacent annular protrusions on the axis of the conical hole. Specifically, it is the straight-line distance from the center point (or vertex) of one annular protrusion to the center point (or vertex) of the adjacent annular protrusion.

[0024] Furthermore, the hole spacing between two adjacent tapered holes is 8–15 mm. Preferably, the hole spacing between two adjacent tapered holes is 8–12 mm. The hole spacing refers to the minimum distance between the center points of adjacent tapered holes on the perforated plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the density of the sound-absorbing material filling the spiral cavity of the first spiral column is 50-70 kg / m³, and the density of the sound-absorbing material filling the spiral cavity of the second spiral column is 30-50 kg / m³.

[0026] Furthermore, the volume filling rate of the spiral cavity of the first spiral column and the spiral cavity of the second spiral column is 60%-100%.

[0027] Furthermore, the first and second helical columns are made of metal or plastic.

[0028] Furthermore, the perforated plate can be made of metal or plastic.

[0029] Furthermore, the layered helical resonance structure also includes a first positioning cylinder and / or a second positioning cylinder;

[0030] The first positioning cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the first spiral column, the inner wall of the first positioning cylinder is connected to the outer wall of the first spiral column, the outer wall of the first positioning cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the second spiral column, and one end of the first positioning cylinder is fixedly installed to the unit plate.

[0031] The second positioning cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the second spiral column, the inner wall of the second positioning cylinder is connected to the outer wall of the second spiral column, and one end of the second positioning cylinder is fixedly set to the unit plate.

[0032] Furthermore, within the perforated plate, the inlet diameter of the conical hole in the central region is smaller than the inlet diameter of the conical hole in the edge region. Even further, the inlet diameter of the conical hole in the central region is 3–5 mm, and the outlet diameter is 1–2 mm; the inlet diameter of the conical hole in the edge region is 5–8 mm, and the outlet diameter is 2–4 mm.

[0033] Furthermore, the area of ​​the edge region accounts for 10%-30% of the total area of ​​the perforated plate.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned sound insulation composite unit panel, comprising the following steps:

[0035] The first helical column is fixed to the unit plate, and sound-absorbing material is filled into the helical cavity of the first helical column;

[0036] The second helical column is fixed to the unit plate, and sound-absorbing material is filled into the helical cavity of the second helical column;

[0037] The cotton felt layer is laid and fixed to the end of the first spiral column and the second spiral column away from the unit plate;

[0038] The perforated plate is covered and fixed to the cotton felt layer.

[0039] The method for preparing the sound insulation composite unit panel provided by the present invention includes a process flow of component fixing, material filling, and layering integration. It is simple to operate, adaptable to mass industrial production, has a high qualification rate, and is easy to promote and apply.

[0040] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a soundproof wall panel, which is formed by combining a plurality of the above-mentioned soundproof composite unit panels.

[0041] The soundproof wall panel provided by this invention is formed by combining several soundproof composite unit panels. It can be quickly assembled into sound barriers of different sizes according to actual needs. The installation efficiency is effectively improved compared with traditional construction, and it is convenient for transportation and on-site assembly.

[0042] Furthermore, to facilitate installation, based on the different sizes of the soundproof wall panels, several unit panels in the soundproof wall panel are integrated into one structure; and / or, several cotton felt layers are integrated into one structure; and / or, several perforated panels are integrated into one structure.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0044] 1. This invention provides a sound-insulating composite unit panel, comprising a unit panel, a layered spiral resonant structure, a perforated plate, and a cotton felt layer sandwiched between the two. The layered spiral resonant structure consists of a first spiral column and a second spiral column coaxially fitted and filled with sound-absorbing material, with diameters of 15–25 mm and 25–45 mm, respectively. The conical holes on the perforated plate are designed with a large inlet and a small outlet. Through the precise matching of the above structure and parameters, this unit panel achieves efficient wideband sound absorption (average sound absorption coefficient ≥0.85) and high sound insulation performance (sound insulation ≥35 dB) in the low-frequency range of 100–500 Hz, exhibiting excellent performance, simple structure, and ease of widespread application.

[0045] 2. This invention provides a method for preparing a sound-insulating composite unit panel, including a process flow of component fixing, material filling, and layering integration. The method is simple to operate, adaptable to mass industrial production, has a high pass rate, and is easy to promote and apply.

[0046] 3. The present invention provides a soundproof wall panel formed by combining several soundproof composite unit panels, which can be quickly assembled into sound barriers of different sizes according to actual needs. The installation efficiency is effectively improved compared with traditional construction, and it is convenient for transportation and on-site assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of a layered spiral resonance structure.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a layered helical resonance structure.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first spiral column.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sound insulation composite unit panel.

[0051] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of region A in the middle.

[0052] The markings in the diagram are: 1-Unit plate; 2-First spiral column; 20-Spiral shaft; 21-Spiral blade; 22-Spiral cavity; 23-First positioning cylinder; 24-Second positioning cylinder; 3-Second spiral column; 4-Perforated plate; 41-Conical hole; 411-Annular protrusion; 5-Cotton felt layer. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0054] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0055] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but that it can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0056] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0057] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and can even exceed nine.

[0058] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0059] Based on existing technology, sound insulation structures cannot simultaneously achieve a comprehensive control effect of high sound absorption and high sound insulation within a wide frequency range of 100-500Hz.

[0060] In a first aspect, this embodiment provides a sound-insulating composite unit panel, comprising:

[0061] Unit board 1;

[0062] A layered helical resonance structure, comprising a first helical column 2 and a second helical column 3, both fixed to the unit plate 1;

[0063] Both the first spiral column 2 and the second spiral column 3 are plate-shaped spiral structures, and the spiral cavity 22 formed between adjacent spiral plates 21 is filled with sound-absorbing material. The second spiral column 3 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the first spiral column 2. The diameter of the first spiral column 2 is 15-25 mm, and the diameter of the second spiral column 3 is 25-45 mm.

[0064] A perforated plate 4 covers and is fixed to the side of the layered spiral resonant structure away from the unit plate 1; the perforated plate 4 has a plurality of tapered holes 41, the inlet diameter of the tapered holes 41 away from the layered spiral resonant structure is larger than the outlet diameter on the other side;

[0065] The cotton felt layer 5 is disposed between the perforated plate 4 and the layered spiral resonance structure.

[0066] This embodiment utilizes a composite design of unit board 1, layered spiral resonant structure, perforated plate 4, and cotton felt layer 5 to form a complete acoustic functional unit. Through the coordinated design of the structure and structural parameters, the prepared sound insulation composite unit board achieves efficient broadband sound absorption in the 100-500Hz range, with an average sound absorption coefficient ≥0.85 and a sound insulation ≥35dB. It exhibits excellent performance, a simple structure, and is easy to promote and apply.

[0067] Preferably, it further includes a spiral shaft 20, one end of which is fixedly connected to the unit plate 1, and the first spiral column 2 is arranged around the spiral shaft 20.

[0068] In some embodiments, the sound-absorbing material is at least one of polyester fiber, glass wool, and rock wool. By utilizing the viscous resistance and thermal conductivity of porous materials to dissipate sound energy, different materials can be selected to achieve good sound absorption effects in various application scenarios.

[0069] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first helical column 2 is 18–22 mm, and the diameter of the second helical column 3 is 38–42 mm. By targeting different frequency bands of sound waves through cavities of different sizes, the first helical column 2 mainly targets the 100–250 Hz frequency band, and the second helical column 3 mainly targets the 250–500 Hz frequency band, achieving wideband coverage. For example, different combinations of inner helical diameters of 15 mm, 18 mm, 20 mm, 23 mm, or 25 mm, combined with outer helical diameters of 25 mm, 30 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm, or 45 mm. By optimizing the diameters of the inner and outer cavities, the frequency band connection between the inner and outer helices can be optimized, avoiding performance dips and forming a continuous and stable high-performance wideband. Specifically, inner helical diameters of 18 mm, 19 mm, 20 mm, 21 mm, or 22 mm can be used, combined with outer helical diameters of 38 mm, 39 mm, 40 mm, 41 mm, or 42 mm.

[0070] In some embodiments, the pitch of the first and second helical studs is 5-10 mm. For example, the pitch is 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, or 10 mm.

[0071] In some embodiments, the porosity of the cotton felt layer 5 is ≥92%. High porosity provides a larger specific surface area, enhancing the friction between sound waves and the material skeleton. This significantly improves the conversion efficiency of mid-to-high frequency sound energy. For example, specific porosities can be selected from 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, and 96%. Preferably, the porosity of the cotton felt layer 5 is ≥95%. Specifically, porosities of 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, and 99% can be used.

[0072] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the tapered hole 41 is provided with a corrugated structure, including a plurality of annular protrusions 411 spaced apart along the length direction of the tapered hole 41, the annular protrusions 411 being arranged circumferentially around the tapered hole 41.

[0073] In some embodiments, the height of the annular protrusion 411 is 0.1 to 0.5 mm, and / or the distance between two adjacent annular protrusions 411 is 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

[0074] A corrugated structure is provided on the inner wall of the conical hole 41, which can periodically disturb the sound field, extend the propagation path, and increase the friction area, significantly improving the sound absorption performance in the mid-frequency range. Specific heights can be selected from 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, and 0.5mm, and spacing can be selected from 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, and 0.3mm. Preferably, the height of the annular protrusion 411 is 0.1–0.3mm, and / or the distance between two adjacent annular protrusions 411 is 0.2–0.3mm. Achieving the best balance between maximizing the friction area and avoiding sound wave reflection results in more balanced performance across the entire frequency range. Specifically, heights of 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, and 0.3mm, combined with spacings of 0.2mm, 0.25mm, and 0.3mm, can be used.

[0075] In some embodiments, the hole spacing between two adjacent tapered holes 41 is 8–15 mm. Reasonably controlling the hole spacing range helps the sound insulation structure achieve more stable high-performance broadband performance. For example, the hole spacing can be 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, or 15 mm. Preferably, the hole spacing between two adjacent tapered holes 41 is 8–12 mm.

[0076] In some embodiments, the density of the sound-absorbing material filling the spiral cavity 22 of the first spiral column 2 is 50-70 kg / m³, and the density of the sound-absorbing material filling the spiral cavity 22 of the second spiral column 3 is 30-50 kg / m³. Gradient density design enables the inner and outer spirals to achieve optimal damping characteristics in their respective target frequency bands, realizing balanced high sound absorption performance across the entire frequency band, as well as higher sound insulation. For example, the density ratio can be selected as 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70 kg / m³ for the inner cavity and 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 kg / m³ for the outer cavity. Preferably, the volume filling rate of the spiral cavities of the first and second spiral columns is 60%-100%. For example, in some embodiments, the volume filling rate of the cavities is 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100%.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first helical column 2 and the second helical column 3 are made of metal or plastic. For example, they can be aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or galvanized steel sheet. Alternatively, they can be industrial plastics such as polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, or polycarbonate. Plastic materials are lightweight, low-cost, corrosion-resistant, and easily molded into complex, integrated helical structures, which is beneficial for large-scale production.

[0078] In some embodiments, the perforated plate 4 is a metal plate or a plastic plate. For example, it can be an aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or galvanized steel plate. The corrugated structure is created using laser surface treatment or chemical etching. For example, it can also be an industrial plastic such as polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, or polycarbonate. Optionally, the corrugated structure can be formed by injection molding.

[0079] In some embodiments, the layered helical resonance structure further includes a first positioning cylinder 23 and / or a second positioning cylinder 24;

[0080] The first positioning cylinder 23 is sleeved on the outside of the first spiral column 2. The inner wall of the first positioning cylinder 23 is connected to the outer wall of the first spiral column 2, and the outer wall of the first positioning cylinder 23 is connected to the inner wall of the second spiral column 3. One end of the first positioning cylinder 23 is fixedly installed to the unit plate 1.

[0081] The second positioning cylinder 24 is sleeved on the outside of the second spiral column 3, and the inner wall of the second positioning cylinder 24 is connected to the outer wall of the second spiral column 3. One end of the second positioning cylinder 24 is fixedly set to the unit plate 1. The dual positioning structure of the first positioning cylinder 23 and the second positioning cylinder 24 can better ensure the precise coaxiality and structural stability of the inner and outer spirals, prevent structural displacement during transportation and use, and ensure the consistency of acoustic performance.

[0082] In some embodiments, within the perforated plate 4, the inlet diameter of the conical hole 41 in the central region is smaller than the inlet diameter of the conical hole 41 in the edge region. In some embodiments, the inlet diameter of the conical hole 41 in the central region is 3–5 mm, and the outlet diameter is 1–2 mm; the inlet diameter of the conical hole 41 in the edge region is 5–8 mm, and the outlet diameter is 2–4 mm. This gradient aperture design can adapt to the uneven distribution characteristics of sound waves on the plate surface, improve the overall performance uniformity, and avoid local performance depressions. For example, different combinations of inlet diameters of 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.5 mm, and 5.0 mm in the central region and 5.0 mm, 5.5 mm, 6.0 mm, 6.5 mm, 7.0 mm, 7.5 mm, and 8.0 mm in the edge region can be used.

[0083] In a second aspect, this embodiment provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned sound insulation composite unit panel, comprising the following steps:

[0084] The first spiral column 2 is fixed to the unit plate 1, and sound-absorbing material is filled into the spiral cavity 22 of the first spiral column 2.

[0085] The second spiral column 3 is fixed to the unit plate 1, and sound-absorbing material is filled into the spiral cavity 22 of the second spiral column 3;

[0086] The cotton felt layer 5 is laid and fixed to the end of the first spiral column 2 and the second spiral column 3 away from the unit plate 1;

[0087] The perforated plate 4 is covered and fixed to the cotton felt layer 5.

[0088] The method for preparing the sound insulation composite unit panel provided by the present invention includes a process flow of component fixing, material filling, and layering integration. It is simple to operate, adaptable to mass industrial production, has a high qualification rate, and is easy to promote and apply.

[0089] In a third aspect, this embodiment provides a soundproof wall panel, which is formed by combining a plurality of soundproof composite unit panels as described in any one of claims 1-8.

[0090] The soundproof wall panel provided by this invention is formed by combining several soundproof composite unit panels. It can be quickly assembled into sound barriers of different sizes according to actual needs. The installation efficiency is effectively improved compared with traditional construction, and it is convenient for transportation and on-site assembly.

[0091] In some embodiments, to facilitate installation, and based on the different sizes of the soundproof wall panels, several unit panels 1 are integral structures; and / or several felt layers 5 are integral structures; and / or several perforated panels 4 are integral structures. Depending on the actual dimensions of the sound insulation strength, the unit panels 1, felt layers, or perforated panels 4 can be selected as integral structures, which helps to eliminate the sound bridging effect caused by splicing gaps.

[0092] To better understand the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the following more detailed experimental data is provided for further explanation:

[0093] The environmentally friendly polyester fiber used in the following examples and comparative examples is polyester PET staple fiber from Sichuan Hongxing Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.

[0094] Example 1

[0095] like Figure 4 As shown, the sound insulation composite unit panel includes:

[0096] Unit 1; Unit 1 is made of 1.5mm thick galvanized steel sheet, with dimensions of 100mm × 100mm × 1.5mm;

[0097] A layered helical resonance structure; comprising a first helical column 2 (made of polypropylene) and a second helical column 3 (made of polypropylene) both fixed to the unit plate 1; as shown Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown.

[0098] like Figure 3As shown, both the first spiral column 2 and the second spiral column 3 are sheet-like spiral structures, and the spiral cavity 22 formed between adjacent spiral plates 21 is filled with sound-absorbing material. The second spiral column 3 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the first spiral column 2. The diameter of the first spiral column 2 is 20 mm, the number of spiral turns is 5, the pitch is 8 mm, and the internal filling density is 60 kg / m³ of environmentally friendly polyester fiber, with a cavity volume filling rate of 80%. The diameter of the second spiral column 3 is 40 mm, the number of spiral turns is 4, the pitch is 8 mm, and the internal filling density is 40 kg / m³ of environmentally friendly polyester fiber, with a cavity volume filling rate of 80%.

[0099] It also includes a spiral shaft 20, one end of which is fixedly connected to the unit plate 1, and the first spiral column 2 is arranged around the spiral shaft 20. The diameter of the spiral shaft 20 is 2mm.

[0100] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a perforated plate 4 covers and is fixed to the side of the layered spiral resonant structure away from the unit plate 1; the perforated plate 4 has a plurality of conical holes 41, the inlet diameter of the conical holes 41 away from the layered spiral resonant structure is larger than the outlet diameter on the other side;

[0101] In this embodiment, the perforated plate 4 is made of 1.2mm thick aluminum alloy plate. In the central area, the inlet diameter is 4mm and the outlet diameter is 1.5mm; in the edge area, the inlet diameter is 6mm and the outlet diameter is 3mm; the hole spacing is 9mm, and they are arranged in a hexagonal and tightly packed pattern.

[0102] The principle for dividing the perforated plate into four regions is as follows: the area around the outer edge of the entire perforated plate is the edge region, and the rest is the center region.

[0103] The area of ​​the edge region accounts for 20% of the area of ​​the perforated plate.

[0104] Cotton felt layer 5, wherein the cotton felt layer 5 is disposed between the perforated plate 4 and the layered spiral resonance structure;

[0105] The cotton felt layer 5 is made of nano-aerogel cotton felt, with a thickness of 10mm, a porosity of 99%, and a density of 85kg / m³.

[0106] Assembly process:

[0107] The first spiral column 2 is fixed to the unit plate 1, and sound-absorbing material is filled into the spiral cavity 22 of the first spiral column 2.

[0108] The second spiral column 3 is fixed to the unit plate 1, and sound-absorbing material is filled into the spiral cavity 22 of the second spiral column 3;

[0109] The cotton felt layer 5 is laid and fixed to the end of the first spiral column 2 and the second spiral column 3 away from the unit plate 1;

[0110] The perforated plate 4 is covered and fixed to the cotton felt layer 5.

[0111] Example 2

[0112] Sound insulation composite unit panels, including:

[0113] Unit 1; Unit 1 is made of 1.5mm thick galvanized steel sheet, with dimensions of 100mm × 100mm × 1.5mm;

[0114] A layered helical resonance structure, comprising a first helical column 2 (made of polypropylene) and a second helical column 3 (made of polypropylene) both fixed to the unit plate 1.

[0115] Both the first spiral column 2 and the second spiral column 3 are sheet-like spiral structures, and the spiral cavity 22 formed between adjacent spiral plates 21 is filled with sound-absorbing material. The second spiral column 3 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the first spiral column 2. The diameter of the first spiral column 2 is 15 mm, the number of spiral turns is 5, the pitch is 7 mm, and the internal filling density is 50 kg / m³ of environmentally friendly polyester fiber, with a cavity volume filling rate of 70%. The diameter of the second spiral column 3 is 25 mm, the number of spiral turns is 4, the pitch is 7 mm, and the internal filling density is 30 kg / m³ of environmentally friendly polyester fiber, with a cavity volume filling rate of 70%.

[0116] It also includes a spiral shaft 20, one end of which is fixedly connected to the unit plate 1, and the first spiral column 2 is arranged around the spiral shaft 20. The diameter of the spiral shaft 20 is 1 mm.

[0117] A perforated plate 4 covers and is fixed to the side of the layered spiral resonant structure away from the unit plate 1; the perforated plate 4 has a plurality of tapered holes 41, the inlet diameter of the tapered holes 41 away from the layered spiral resonant structure is larger than the outlet diameter on the other side;

[0118] In this embodiment, the perforated plate 4 is made of 1.2mm thick aluminum alloy plate. The central area has an inlet diameter of 3mm and an outlet diameter of 1mm; the edge area has an inlet diameter of 5mm and an outlet diameter of 2mm; the hole spacing is 12mm, and the holes are arranged in a hexagonal and tightly packed pattern; the area of ​​the edge area accounts for 10% of the area of ​​the perforated plate.

[0119] Cotton felt layer 5, wherein the cotton felt layer 5 is disposed between the perforated plate 4 and the layered spiral resonance structure;

[0120] The cotton felt layer 5 is made of nano-aerogel cotton felt, with a thickness of 10mm, a porosity of 95%, and a density of 85kg / m³.

[0121] The sound insulation composite unit panel of Example 2 is assembled using the method of Example 1.

[0122] Example 3

[0123] Sound insulation composite unit panels, including:

[0124] Unit 1; Unit 1 is made of 1.5mm thick galvanized steel sheet, with dimensions of 600mm × 600mm × 1.5mm;

[0125] A layered helical resonance structure, comprising a first helical column 2 (made of polypropylene) and a second helical column 3 (made of polypropylene) both fixed to the unit plate 1.

[0126] Both the first spiral column 2 and the second spiral column 3 are plate-like spiral structures, and the spiral cavity 22 formed between adjacent spiral plates 21 is filled with sound-absorbing material. The second spiral column 3 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the first spiral column 2. The first spiral column 2 has a diameter of 25 mm, 5 spiral turns, a pitch of 10 mm, and is filled with environmentally friendly polyester fiber with a density of 70 kg / m³, resulting in a cavity volume filling rate of 100%. The second spiral column 3 has a diameter of 45 mm, 4 spiral turns, a pitch of 10 mm, and is filled with environmentally friendly polyester fiber with a density of 50 kg / m³, resulting in a cavity volume filling rate of 100%.

[0127] A perforated plate 4 covers and is fixed to the side of the layered spiral resonant structure away from the unit plate 1; the perforated plate 4 has a plurality of tapered holes 41, the inlet diameter of the tapered holes 41 away from the layered spiral resonant structure is larger than the outlet diameter on the other side;

[0128] It also includes a spiral shaft 20, one end of which is fixedly connected to the unit plate 1, and the first spiral column 2 is arranged around the spiral shaft 20. The diameter of the spiral shaft 20 is 3mm.

[0129] In this embodiment, the perforated plate 4 is made of 1.2mm thick aluminum alloy plate. The central area has an inlet diameter of 5mm and an outlet diameter of 2mm. The edge area has an inlet diameter of 8mm and an outlet diameter of 4mm. The hole spacing is 15mm, and the holes are arranged in a hexagonal and tightly packed pattern. The area of ​​the edge area accounts for 30% of the area of ​​the perforated plate.

[0130] Cotton felt layer 5, wherein the cotton felt layer 5 is disposed between the perforated plate 4 and the layered spiral resonance structure;

[0131] The cotton felt layer 5 is made of nano-aerogel cotton felt, with a thickness of 10mm, a porosity of 92%, and a density of 85kg / m³.

[0132] The sound insulation composite unit panel of Example 3 was assembled using the method of Example 1.

[0133] Example 4

[0134] Sound insulation composite unit panels, including:

[0135] Unit 1; Unit 1 is made of 1.5mm thick galvanized steel sheet, with dimensions of 600mm × 600mm × 1.5mm;

[0136] A layered helical resonance structure, comprising a first helical column 2 (made of polypropylene) and a second helical column 3 (made of polypropylene) both fixed to the unit plate 1.

[0137] Both the first spiral column 2 and the second spiral column 3 are sheet-like spiral structures, and the spiral cavity 22 formed between adjacent spiral plates 21 is filled with sound-absorbing material. The second spiral column 3 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the first spiral column 2. The diameter of the first spiral column 2 is 18 mm, the number of spiral turns is 5, the pitch is 8 mm, and the internal filling density is 55 kg / m³ of environmentally friendly polyester fiber, with a cavity volume filling rate of 80%. The diameter of the second spiral column 3 is 38 mm, the number of spiral turns is 4, the pitch is 8 mm, and the internal filling density is 48 kg / m³ of environmentally friendly polyester fiber, with a cavity volume filling rate of 80%.

[0138] A perforated plate 4 covers and is fixed to the side of the layered spiral resonant structure away from the unit plate 1; the perforated plate 4 has a plurality of tapered holes 41, the inlet diameter of the tapered holes 41 away from the layered spiral resonant structure is larger than the outlet diameter on the other side;

[0139] It also includes a spiral shaft 20, one end of which is fixedly connected to the unit plate 1, and the first spiral column 2 is arranged around the spiral shaft 20. The diameter of the spiral shaft 20 is 2mm.

[0140] In this embodiment, the perforated plate 4 is made of 1.2mm thick aluminum alloy plate. The central area has an inlet diameter of 4mm and an outlet diameter of 1.5mm. The edge area has an inlet diameter of 6mm and an outlet diameter of 3mm. The hole spacing is 9mm, and the holes are arranged in a hexagonal and tightly packed pattern. The area of ​​the edge area accounts for 20% of the area of ​​the perforated plate.

[0141] Cotton felt layer 5, wherein the cotton felt layer 5 is disposed between the perforated plate 4 and the layered spiral resonance structure;

[0142] The cotton felt layer 5 is made of nano-aerogel cotton felt, with a thickness of 10mm, a porosity of 99%, and a density of 85kg / m³.

[0143] The sound insulation composite unit panel of Example 4 was assembled using the method of Example 1.

[0144] Comparative Example 1

[0145] The sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Comparative Example 1, compared with Example 1, eliminates the layered spiral resonance structure and adopts a single spiral structure. The total volume of the single spiral is the same as the total volume of the layered spiral resonance structure in Example 1, and the other structures are completely the same as those in Example 1.

[0146] Comparative Example 2

[0147] The sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Comparative Example 2, compared with Example 1, has the diameter of the first spiral column 2 modified to 8mm and the diameter of the second spiral column 3 modified to 20mm in the layered spiral resonance structure, while the other structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0148] Comparative Example 3

[0149] The sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Comparative Example 3, compared with Example 1, has the diameter of the first spiral column 2 modified to 30mm and the diameter of the second spiral column 3 modified to 55mm in the layered spiral resonance structure, while the other structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0150] Comparative Example 4

[0151] The sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Comparative Example 4, compared to Example 1, has its tapered holes 41 in the perforated plate 4 modified to straight holes, with both the inlet and outlet being 20mm. Other structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0152] Comparative Example 5

[0153] The sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Comparative Example 5, compared to Example 1, has the cotton felt layer 5 replaced with rock wool with a porosity of 99%. The other structures remain unchanged and are the same as in Example 1.

[0154] Comparative Example 6

[0155] The sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Comparative Example 6, compared with Example 1, has its porosity of cotton felt modified to 85%, while other structures remain unchanged and are the same as in Example 1.

[0156] Comparative Example 7

[0157] Compared to Example 1, the sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Comparative Example 7 has removed the layered spiral resonance structure and retains the unit panel 1, perforated panel 4 and cotton felt layer 5.

[0158] Comparative Example 8

[0159] Compared to Example 1, the sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Comparative Example 8 has removed the perforated plate 4 and retained the unit panel 1, with a layered spiral resonance structure and a cotton felt layer 5.

[0160] test

[0161] The performance of the sound insulation composite unit panels prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-8 was tested.

[0162] The sound absorption coefficient was tested using the impedance tube transfer function method, and the test standard was GB / T 18696.2-2002. The test results for the Φ100mm standard specimen are shown in Table 1.

[0163] Sound insulation test: The reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber method was used, and the test standards were ISO 10140-2:2010 and ISO 10140-4:2010. The weighted sound insulation (Rw) was calculated according to ISO 717-1:2013. The area of ​​the test wall specimen was 10 m². The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0164] Table 1 Performance test results of the sound insulation composite unit panels prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-8

[0165]

[0166] Example 5

[0167] In the sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Example 5, the inner wall of the conical hole 41 of the perforated plate 4 is provided with a corrugated structure, including a plurality of annular protrusions 411 spaced apart along the length direction of the conical hole 41, and the annular protrusions 411 are arranged around the circumference of the conical hole 41.

[0168] The height of the annular protrusion 411 is 0.4 mm, and the distance between two adjacent annular protrusions 411 is 0.1 mm.

[0169] The other structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0170] Example 6

[0171] In the sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Example 6, the inner wall of the conical hole 41 of the perforated plate 4 is provided with a corrugated structure, including a plurality of annular protrusions 411 spaced apart along the length direction of the conical hole 41, the annular protrusions 411 being arranged circumferentially around the conical hole 41. The height of the annular protrusions 411 is 0.5 mm, and / or the distance between two adjacent annular protrusions 411 is 0.3 mm.

[0172] The other structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0173] Example 7

[0174] In the sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Example 7, the inner wall of the conical hole 41 of the perforated plate 4 is provided with a corrugated structure, including a plurality of annular protrusions 411 spaced apart along the length direction of the conical hole 41, the annular protrusions 411 being arranged circumferentially around the conical hole 41. The height of the annular protrusions 411 is 0.1 mm, and the distance between two adjacent annular protrusions 411 is 0.1 mm.

[0175] The other structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0176] Example 8

[0177] In the sound insulation composite unit panel provided in Example 8, the inner wall of the conical hole 41 of the perforated plate 4 is provided with a corrugated structure, including a plurality of annular protrusions 411 spaced apart along the length direction of the conical hole 41, the annular protrusions 411 being arranged circumferentially around the conical hole 41. The height of the annular protrusions 411 is 0.3 mm, and the distance between two adjacent annular protrusions 411 is 0.1 mm.

[0178] The other structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0179] The performance of the sound insulation composite unit panels of Examples 5-8 was tested according to the above test method, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0180] Table 2 Performance test results of the sound insulation composite unit panels prepared in Examples 5-8

[0181]

[0182] The sound-insulating composite unit panel provided by this invention possesses superior wide-band (100-500Hz) sound absorption and sound insulation performance, stemming from the precise and coordinated design of its multi-level acoustic structure. Its core acoustic principle is explained below:

[0183] 1. Layered spiral resonance structure

[0184] Traditional single Helmholtz resonators can only efficiently absorb sound at a very narrow frequency (the resonant frequency f0 ∝ √(S / (V*L)), where S is the neck area, V is the cavity volume, and L is the neck length). The spiral column in this invention, with its spiral cavity 22, can be considered a "curled" Helmholtz resonator or a quarter-wavelength tube. By spiraling the cavity, the propagation path of sound waves is greatly extended within a limited planar space, effectively increasing the effective depth and volume of the cavity, thereby successfully shifting the resonant frequency down to the target low-frequency range.

[0185] The first helical column 2 and the second helical column 3 have different diameters (15-25mm and 25-45mm respectively), which directly determines their equivalent cavity volume and resonant frequency. The first helical column 2, due to its smaller cavity diameter, has a larger equivalent acoustic mass and a lower resonant frequency, primarily targeting the 100-250Hz frequency band; while the second helical column 3, with its larger diameter, has a relatively higher resonant frequency, primarily targeting the 250-500Hz frequency band. This frequency-band targeting design overcomes the narrow bandwidth limitation of a single resonant structure. The two are coaxially nested, tightly coupled in physical space, allowing their absorption peaks to smoothly connect in the frequency domain, jointly covering a wide frequency band of 100-500Hz.

[0186] The inner spiral cavity 22 is filled with a higher-density sound-absorbing material (50-70 kg / m³), while the outer spiral cavity 22 is filled with a lower-density material (30-50 kg / m³). This design takes into account the propagation characteristics of sound waves in the structure: low-frequency sound waves have high energy and strong penetrating power, requiring materials with higher flow resistance (corresponding to higher density) to provide stronger viscous dissipation; mid-to-high-frequency sound waves can be effectively absorbed in materials with lower flow resistance, and excessively high flow resistance will hinder sound waves from penetrating deep into the material. This gradient density design allows sound energy to be optimally converted into heat energy within their respective target frequency bands, achieving balanced and efficient absorption across the entire frequency range.

[0187] 2. Conical perforated plate 4 and corrugated structure

[0188] The tapered hole 41 on the perforated plate 4 adopts a "large inlet, small outlet" design, forming an acoustic "constriction tube". When sound waves enter from the larger inlet, their flow cross-section gradually narrows as they propagate towards the smaller outlet. This structure has two key effects: the larger inlet diameter reduces the difficulty for sound waves to enter the hole, acting like a "funnel" to more effectively "capture" and guide more sound energy into the structure, improving acoustic impedance matching; according to Bernoulli's principle and the continuity equation, sound waves are accelerated as they pass through the constricted cross-section, while the velocity gradient of air particles increases. This significantly enhances the shearing effect of the viscous boundary layer between the sound waves and the hole wall, thereby converting more sound energy into heat energy through friction.

[0189] Micron-sized annular protrusions 411 (corrugated structure) are set on the inner wall of the conical aperture 41 with a large inlet and a small outlet, further enhancing its acoustic function. When sound waves are accelerated within the constricted channel, these annular protrusions 411 periodically disturb the flow field, inducing the generation of tiny eddies. Generating and maintaining these eddies requires additional energy, which comes directly from the sound waves. At the same time, the corrugated structure effectively prolongs the actual propagation path of the sound waves within the aperture, increasing the duration of the frictional effect. The acceleration effect of the "constricting tube" and the eddy current dissipation effect of the "corrugations" are superimposed to form a highly efficient dissipation mechanism for mid-to-low frequency sound energy.

[0190] 3. High-porosity cotton felt layer 5

[0191] The aerogel felt layer (porosity ≥92%, preferably ≥95%) positioned between the perforated plate 4 and the spiral structure, as a typical porous sound-absorbing material, provides a large frictional surface for sound waves due to its intricate micropore channels. When sound waves enter, air particles dissipate energy through intense friction with the material's framework. The high porosity ensures sufficient air permeability, allowing sound waves to penetrate deeply into the material, thus achieving efficient sound absorption over a wide frequency band (especially contributing significantly to frequencies above 315Hz).

[0192] The cotton felt layer 5 is located behind the perforated plate 4, forming a composite structure of "micro-perforated plate - back cavity - porous material". This cotton felt layer 5 not only absorbs sound itself but also acts as an acoustic damping layer, adjusting the acoustic boundary conditions of the helical resonant structure behind it and optimizing the acoustic coupling of the entire system. It effectively fills the gaps between the helical structures, eliminating performance fluctuations that may be caused by structural inhomogeneity, and ensuring smooth, balanced, and high performance from low to high frequencies.

[0193] The core inventiveness of this invention lies in the fact that the aforementioned components are not simply a functional superposition, but rather, through precise parameter design, form a multi-mechanism, frequency-band, impedance-matched synergistic acoustic system. Ultimately, these structures are physically and acoustically tightly coupled, mutually reinforcing each other, and together achieve outstanding comprehensive performance with an average sound absorption coefficient ≥0.85 and sound insulation ≥35dB over a wide frequency band of 100-500Hz. This successfully solves the long-standing technical problems in existing technologies, such as narrow low-frequency sound absorption bandwidth and difficulty in achieving balanced performance across frequency bands.

[0194] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soundproofing composite unit panel, characterized by, include: Unit board; A layered spiral resonance structure, comprising a first spiral column and a second spiral column both fixed to the unit plate; Both the first and second spiral columns are plate-like spiral structures, and the spiral cavities formed between adjacent spiral plates are filled with sound-absorbing material. The second spiral column is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the first spiral column. The spiral diameter of the first spiral column is 15-25 mm, and the spiral diameter of the second spiral column is 25-45 mm. A perforated plate covers and is fixed to the side of the layered helical resonant structure away from the unit plate; the perforated plate has a plurality of conical holes, the inlet diameter of the conical holes away from the layered helical resonant structure being larger than the outlet diameter on the other side; A cotton felt layer is disposed between the perforated plate and the layered spiral resonant structure.

2. The soundproof composite unit panel according to claim 1, characterized by The diameter of the first helical column is 18-22 mm, and the diameter of the second helical column is 38-42 mm.

3. The soundproof composite unit panel according to claim 1, wherein The porosity of the cotton felt layer is ≥92%.

4. The soundproof composite unit panel according to claim 1, wherein The inner wall of the conical hole is provided with a corrugated structure, including a plurality of annular protrusions spaced apart along the length of the conical hole, the annular protrusions being arranged circumferentially around the conical hole.

5. The acoustical composite unit panel of claim 4, wherein, The height of the annular protrusion is 0.1 to 0.5 mm, and / or the distance between two adjacent annular protrusions is 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

6. The sound insulation composite unit panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent tapered holes is 8 to 15 mm.

7. The sound insulation composite unit panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch of the first and second spiral columns is 5-10mm, the density of the sound-absorbing material filled in the spiral cavity of the first spiral column is 50-70kg / m3, and the density of the sound-absorbing material filled in the spiral cavity of the second spiral column is 30-50kg / m3 3 .

8. The sound insulation composite unit panel according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The layered helical resonance structure further includes a first positioning cylinder and / or a second positioning cylinder; The first positioning cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the first spiral column, the inner wall of the first positioning cylinder is connected to the outer wall of the first spiral column, the outer wall of the first positioning cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the second spiral column, and one end of the first positioning cylinder is fixedly set to the unit plate. The second positioning cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the second spiral column, the inner wall of the second positioning cylinder is connected to the outer wall of the second spiral column, and one end of the second positioning cylinder is fixedly set to the unit plate.

9. A method for preparing a sound-insulating composite unit panel as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The first helical column is fixed to the unit plate, and sound-absorbing material is filled into the helical cavity of the first helical column; The second helical column is fixed to the unit plate, and sound-absorbing material is filled into the helical cavity of the second helical column; The cotton felt layer is laid and fixed to the end of the first spiral column and the second spiral column away from the unit plate; The perforated plate is covered and fixed to the cotton felt layer.

10. A soundproof wall panel, characterized in that, The soundproof wall panel is formed by combining several soundproof composite unit panels as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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