Condenser and pulse tube refrigeration system
By designing a condenser with a high thermal conductivity metal condenser unit and a flow guide hole structure, combined with a pulse tube refrigerator, the problems of large space occupation, difficult maintenance, and high cost of disc condensers in miniaturized equipment have been solved, and efficient condensation and recovery of liquefied gas and volatile gas has been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610065638.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing disc condensers occupy a large space, have a complex structure, are difficult to maintain, and are costly, making them difficult to apply in miniaturized or integrated equipment. They also require large compressors to drive them, resulting in high energy consumption.
The condenser unit is made of a metal material with a thermal conductivity greater than 200. It is designed to be flat and connected through guide holes to form a columnar condenser. Combined with a pulse tube refrigerator, the structure is simplified and the processing and maintenance costs are reduced.
It achieves miniaturization and integration of condensers, reduces processing and maintenance complexity, reduces energy consumption, and is suitable for the condensation and recovery of liquefied gas and volatile gas.
Smart Images
Figure CN121539909A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of cooling technology, and in particular to a condenser for condensing gases, and a pulse tube refrigeration system made using the condenser. Background Technology
[0002] With industrial development, the use of liquefied gases such as liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, and liquid argon is necessary. These liquefied gases easily vaporize when the temperature rises, creating high pressure in storage tanks, which can affect their recycling in industry. Simultaneously, industrial production processes also generate many volatile gases. For example, in lubrication stations used to lubricate and cool machinery in factories, the lubricating oil also forms volatile gases when its temperature rises. These liquefied gases and volatile gases require liquefaction and recovery treatment.
[0003] Existing liquefaction equipment primarily utilizes disc condensers. Disc condensers require significant installation space, especially in the axial direction. This makes them difficult to accommodate in compact environments, limiting their application in miniaturized or integrated systems. Furthermore, disc condensers have a complex structure, making disassembly and installation cumbersome. Damage to their heat sinks or heat dissipation components also presents significant challenges for repair or replacement. Additionally, the manufacturing process for disc condensers is complex, especially for high-precision, high-performance models, where mold development and processing costs are high, resulting in high overall manufacturing costs. Finally, using disc condensers requires a relatively large compressor to drive the refrigerant flow within the condenser, leading to higher energy consumption. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the problems existing in the condensation and recovery process of liquefied gas or volatile oil and gas in the prior art, this application provides a condenser and further provides a pulse tube refrigeration system.
[0005] This application provides a condenser comprising at least N condensing units, where N≥2, wherein each condensing unit is made of a metal material with a thermal conductivity greater than 200; each condensing unit includes a flattened condensing fin, with a first side and a second side formed on its upper and lower sides respectively; a first connecting component is disposed at the center of the first side, and a second connecting component is disposed at the center of the second side, the first and second connecting components being able to be fitted and fixed together; a plurality of guide holes are provided on the condensing fin, extending from the first side through the condensing fin to the second side, wherein the second connecting component of the nth condensing unit is fitted and fixed together with the first connecting component of the (n+1)th condensing unit; 1≤n <N。
[0006] The condenser provided in this application embodiment has an overall columnar structure, occupying only axial installation space. Its size can be set according to actual needs, thus significantly reducing the installation space required and allowing its use in miniaturized refrigeration devices. At the same time, the manufacturing process is relatively simple, effectively reducing processing costs and simplifying installation and maintenance.
[0007] Preferably, at least two layers of flow guide holes are provided from the center of the condenser plate outwards, each layer of flow guide holes includes at least three flow guide holes, and all flow guide holes in each layer of flow guide holes are arranged at equal intervals with the center of the condenser plate as the distribution center.
[0008] Preferably, the first and second sides of the condenser plate are both circular surfaces, the area of the first side is smaller than the area of the second side, and an inclined hydrophobic surface is formed from the outer edge of the first side to the outer edge of the second side.
[0009] Preferably, a cooling guide shaft protruding from the first side surface of the condenser is provided at the center of the first side surface of the condenser, and the first connecting component is provided on the cooling guide shaft; a cooling guide column protruding from the second side surface of the condenser is provided at the center of the second side surface of the condenser, and the second connecting component is provided on the cooling guide column.
[0010] Preferably, both the cooling shaft and the cooling column are cylindrical, and the cooling shaft and the cooling column have the same radius.
[0011] This application also discloses a pulse tube refrigeration system, including a pulse tube refrigerator and the condenser described above, wherein the refrigeration finger of the pulse tube refrigerator is fixedly connected to the first connecting component of the first condensing unit in the condenser.
[0012] The pulse tube cooling system provided in this application is an extension of the pulse tube refrigerator. A pulse tube refrigerator is a regenerative cryogenic refrigeration device that utilizes gas pressure wave oscillation to achieve cooling. It is mainly used in space exploration and satellite technology, superconductivity and quantum computing, as well as some high-precision detection equipment, such as high-purity germanium detectors. The pulse tube refrigerator has a strong cryogenic cooling capacity; its cooling finger directly contacts the equipment that needs to be kept at a low temperature, thus enabling objects that need to operate at low temperatures to maintain very low temperatures. The pulse tube cooling system provided in this application improves upon the pulse tube refrigerator by incorporating a condenser for use in condensing and recovering liquefied gas and volatile gases. The pulse tube cooling system provided in this application has a smaller overall footprint, which is beneficial for miniaturization or integration. It also has a simpler structure, making installation and maintenance easier, reducing processing and maintenance costs.
[0013] Preferably, it also includes a mounting flange, on which the pulse tube refrigerator is mounted, and the mounting flange is located between the pulse tube refrigerator and the condenser.
[0014] Preferably, it further includes a connecting reinforcement member, which is made of a material with a thermal conductivity of less than 1; the first end of the connecting reinforcement member is fixedly installed to the mounting flange, and the second end of the connecting reinforcement member is fixedly installed to the first condenser unit.
[0015] Preferably, the connecting reinforcement includes at least three connecting reinforcement rods, each with an external thread at its first and second ends. The bottom of the mounting flange has at least three threaded holes spaced at equal intervals, with the bottom center as the distribution center. The distance between the threaded holes and the bottom center of the mounting flange is equal to the distance between one layer of guide holes on the condenser fin and the center of the condenser fin. The connecting reinforcement also includes nuts matching the number of connecting reinforcement rods. The first end of each connecting reinforcement rod is fixed to the threaded hole via the external thread, and the second end of each connecting reinforcement rod passes through a guide hole on the first condenser unit and is fixed to the first condenser unit via the nuts. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse tube cooling system provided in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the condenser structure in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the condenser unit structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting flange structure provided in this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cold finger structure provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0018] In the diagram: 100, pulse tube refrigerator; 110, micro refrigerator; 120, radiator; 130, cold finger; 131, first cold finger component; 132, second cold finger component; 133, cold finger buffer structure; 1311, cold finger mounting part; 141, first working fluid tube; 142, second working fluid tube; 200, condenser; 210, condenser unit; 211, condenser fins; 2111, first connecting component; 2112, second connecting component; 2113, guide hole; 2114, liquid-repellent surface; 2115, cooling shaft; 2116, cooling column; 300, mounting flange; 310, first mounting flange; 311, first mounting part; 312, through hole; 313, second mounting part; 320, second mounting flange; 400, connecting reinforcing rod. Detailed Implementation
[0019] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.
[0020] It is important to note that terms such as "first," "second," "symmetric," and "array" are used only to distinguish between descriptive and positional descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified with terms such as "first" or "symmetric" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; similarly, when the quantity of certain features is not limited by words such as "two" or "three," it should be noted that such features also explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," and "fixation" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral molding; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, a welding connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the accompanying drawings and specific circumstances.
[0021] This application provides a pulse tube refrigeration system, which is an extension of the pulse tube cryo-cooling system. A pulse tube cryo-cooling system is a regenerative cryogenic refrigeration device that utilizes gas pressure wave oscillation to achieve cooling. It is mainly used in space exploration and satellite technology, superconductivity and quantum computing, as well as some high-precision detection equipment, such as high-purity germanium detectors. The pulse tube cryo-cooling system has strong cryogenic cooling capabilities; its cooling finger directly contacts the equipment that needs to be kept at a low temperature, thus enabling objects that need to operate at low temperatures to maintain very low temperatures. The inventors of this application, working in the field of cryogenic refrigeration technology, need to use various cryogenic liquefied gases such as liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, and liquid argon. They have found that in various scenarios requiring the condensation and recovery of liquefied gases or volatile gases, either the liquefied gas exhaust pipe is directly connected to large liquefied gas production equipment, such as liquid nitrogen or liquid argon production equipment, requiring relatively complex connection wiring, or a disc condenser is used. Although disc condensers are a mature product used in various refrigeration equipment such as air conditioners and refrigerators, they occupy a large space, thus requiring a large installation space, especially in the axial dimension. Therefore, it is difficult to meet the layout requirements in compact equipment, limiting its application in miniaturized or integrated devices. Furthermore, disc condensers are cumbersome to disassemble and install, and repairing or replacing damaged fins or heat dissipation components is challenging. In addition, the manufacturing process of disc condensers is complex, especially for high-precision, high-performance disc condensers, where mold development and processing costs are high, resulting in high overall manufacturing costs.
[0022] Therefore, the inventors of this application utilize a pulse tube refrigerator to provide a refrigeration device with a simpler structure, smaller footprint, and suitability for miniaturization or integrated use.
[0023] This application provides a pulse tube refrigeration system that can be used in scenarios involving the condensation and recovery of liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid argon, and other volatile gases. This provides a refrigeration device that can be miniaturized or integrated into equipment, simplifying its structure and reducing its processing and maintenance costs. The pulse tube refrigeration system of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0024] The pulse tube cooling system provided in this application embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the system includes a pulse tube refrigerator 100 and a condenser 200. In a preferred embodiment of this application, the pulse tube refrigerator includes a micro-refrigerator 110 and a cold finger module. The micro-refrigerator can be a micro-Stirling refrigerator or a micro-thermoelectric refrigerator. In the embodiment provided in this application, a micro-pulse tube refrigerator is preferred. The micro-pulse tube refrigerator is a variant of the micro-Stirling refrigerator and represents a high-end technology in the field of micro-refrigeration, with wide applications in aerospace and high-precision testing. A radiator 120 is also provided on the micro-refrigerator to accelerate its heat dissipation. The cold finger module includes a hot end, a cold end, and a regenerating unit disposed between and connecting the hot and cold ends. It also includes a pulse tube, which is disposed in the middle of the regenerating unit and connects the hot and cold ends. The regenerating units are arranged in a ring-like arrangement stacked along the outer side of the pulse tube. The pulse tube at the hot end is connected to a first working fluid tube 141, and the regenerating unit at the hot end is connected to a second working fluid tube 142. The working fluid cooled by the micro-refrigeration machine can enter the hot end along the first working fluid tube 141 and then enter the pulse tube, reaching the cold end and entering the regeneration unit, before flowing back to the micro-refrigeration machine from the second working fluid tube 142. Alternatively, the working fluid cooled by the micro-refrigeration machine can enter the hot end along the second working fluid tube 142 and then enter the regeneration unit, reaching the cold end and then entering the pulse tube, before flowing back to the micro-refrigeration machine from the first working fluid tube 141. The cold end is connected to a cold finger 130 made of a material with excellent thermal conductivity, and the cold finger is connected to the condenser. The cold finger can be made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. In a preferred embodiment provided in this application, the cold finger is made of copper, which has excellent thermal conductivity and can fully conduct the heat of the object connected to the cold finger to the cold end of the heat exchanger, achieving sufficient heat exchange.
[0025] The pulse tube refrigeration system provided in this application focuses on improving the condenser 200, enabling the pulse tube refrigerator to be used for the condensation and recovery of liquefied petroleum gas and volatile gases. The condenser provided in this application embodiment, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, it includes a condenser unit 210. The condenser unit 210 is made of a metal material with a thermal conductivity greater than 200, such as aluminum or aluminum alloy. In this embodiment, it is made of copper. Copper has excellent cold (i.e., heat) conductivity and good ductility, and can be made into a flat condenser plate 211. The upper and lower sides of the condenser plate 211 form a first side and a second side, respectively. A first connecting component 2111 is provided at the center of the first side, and a second connecting component 2112 is provided at the center of the second side. The first connecting component 2111 and the second connecting component 2112 can be fitted and fixed. A plurality of flow guide holes 2113 are provided on the condenser plate 211, which penetrate the condenser plate from the first side and reach the second side.
[0026] The condenser provided by the embodiment of the present application can be formed by combining multiple condensation monomers 210. The number of condensation monomers 210 is set according to requirements. When the condenser is composed of one condensation monomer, the first connecting component 2111 of the condensation monomer is connected to the cold finger 130 of the pulse tube refrigerator. When the condenser is composed of N condensation monomers, N≥2, where the second connecting component 2112 of the nth condensation monomer is fixedly installed with the first connecting component 2111 of the (n + 1)th condensation monomer; 1≤n<N. An embodiment provided by the present application is as Figure 2 shown. The condenser is composed of twenty condensation monomers, which are sequentially sorted from top to bottom as the first condensation monomer, the second condensation monomer,..., the nineteenth condensation monomer, and the twentieth condensation monomer. Then, the first connecting component of the first condensation monomer is fixedly connected to the cold finger of the refrigerator, the first connecting component of the second condensation monomer is connected to the second connecting component of the first condensation monomer, the first connecting component of the third condensation monomer is connected to the second connecting component of the second condensation monomer, and so on until the first connecting component of the twentieth condensation monomer is connected to the second connecting component of the nineteenth condensation monomer. In the embodiment of the present application, the specific structures of the first connecting component and the second connecting component are not limited, mainly to enable detachable connection between the two components. For example, the first connecting component is set as a screw rod with an external thread, and the second connecting component is set as a screw hole with an internal thread. In order to realize the connection between the cold finger and the first connecting component, a threaded hole is provided on the bottom end surface of the cold finger. The condenser provided by the present application can achieve multi-stage adjustable axial length, thereby changing the radial size of the condenser. The condenser provided by the present application can replace a single condensation monomer, realizing multi-stage adjustment and single-stage replacement for maintenance and repair, and solving the problem of difficult maintenance and repair.
[0027] In a preferred embodiment provided by the present application, both the first side and the second side of the condensation sheet are circular surfaces, and the area of the first side is smaller than the area of the second side. An inclined liquid drainage surface 2114 is formed from the outer edge of the first side to the outer edge of the second side. For the condenser provided by the present application, the condensation monomer 210 adopts a circular design, and the diversion hole 2113 also adopts a circular design, which is convenient for processing and production, reduces the processing technology difficulty, can improve the production efficiency, and reduces the processing cost. At the same time, the liquid drainage surface design can enable the edge to overcome the liquid surface tension when condensing low-temperature liquid, facilitating liquid reflux.
[0028] In a further preferred embodiment, as Figure 5As shown, it also includes a mounting flange 300. The mounting flange is used to install the pulse tube refrigeration system provided in this application at the required location, such as on the exhaust outlet pipe of a liquefied gas storage tank, or on the exhaust pipe of a volatile gas recovery device. The mounting flange includes a first mounting flange 310 and a second mounting flange 320, wherein the first mounting flange 310 includes a first mounting portion 311 with a diameter larger than the diameter of the condenser fin. The first mounting portion 311 is used to install with the exhaust pipe of the liquefied gas storage tank or the exhaust pipe of the volatile gas recovery device, thereby fixing the first mounting flange in the corresponding position and realizing the installation and fixation of the entire pulse tube refrigeration system. A through hole 312 with a diameter larger than the cold finger is provided at the center of the first mounting portion 311. The condenser is located on one side of the first mounting portion 311, and the cold finger 130 starts from the first connecting part of the first condenser unit, passes through the through hole 312, and reaches the other side of the first mounting portion. Along the direction of the through hole 312, the first mounting portion 311 forms a second mounting portion 313 on the side away from the condenser. Therefore, the diameter of the second mounting portion 313 is larger than the cold finger 130 and smaller than the first mounting portion 311. A second mounting flange 320 is provided on one side of the second mounting portion 313 of the first mounting flange 310. The cold finger module is installed inside the second mounting flange 320, and the second mounting flange 320 is connected to the second mounting portion 313 of the first mounting flange 310. The mounting flange 300 provided in this embodiment is made of a material with a thermal conductivity of less than 1, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), modified PTFE, or fiberglass. This satisfies the thermal conductivity requirements, effectively isolating the cold finger from the external environment for better insulation, and also meets the material strength requirements for operation in low-temperature environments.
[0029] The pulse tube refrigeration system provided in this embodiment features a condenser composed of condensing units, each with a guide hole 2113. When the pulse tube refrigeration system is installed onto the exhaust pipe of a liquefied gas storage tank or a volatile gas recovery pipe via the first mounting part of the first mounting flange, the gas enters the condenser along the exhaust pipe or recovery pipe, contacts the condensing fins, and then enters the condenser along the guide holes, making full contact with the multi-stage condensing fins. The condensing fins are all heat-connected to the cooling pipe, thus absorbing heat from the gas and rapidly cooling and liquefying it. The liquefied liquid can then flow back into the liquefied gas storage tank or into the volatile gas storage device under gravity, achieving liquefaction recovery. This also allows for pressure control within the liquefied gas storage tank, ensuring the pressure meets operational requirements.
[0030] In a preferred embodiment of this application, a cooling shaft 2115 protruding from the first side surface of the condenser is provided at the center of the first side surface of the condenser. The cooling shaft 2115 is configured as a regular polygonal prism or cylinder, and the first connecting component is disposed on the cooling shaft 2115. A cooling column 2116 protruding from the second side surface of the condenser is provided at the center of the second side surface of the condenser. The cooling column 2116 is configured as a regular polygonal prism or cylinder, and the radii of the cooling shaft 2115 and the cooling column 2116 are the same. By providing the cooling shaft and cooling column, the contact area between the condenser and the cooling finger is increased, as is the contact area between each condenser unit. This is more conducive to the cooling finger fully transferring the heat in the condenser to the pulse tube refrigerator, allowing the condenser to maintain a temperature at which the gas can be fully liquefied. Meanwhile, when multiple condensing units are assembled through the first connecting component and the second connecting component to form a condenser with multiple condensing units, the combination of the cooling shaft and the cooling column forms an isolation step between each condensing unit, thereby forming a condensation space between each condensing unit. This allows the gas to come into more full contact with the condenser, and the gas can be cooled more fully under the action of each stage of condensing units, thus achieving liquefaction.
[0031] In a preferred embodiment of this application, at least two layers of guide holes 2113 are provided outward from the center of the condenser plate. Each layer of guide holes includes at least three guide holes 2113, and all guide holes in each layer are arranged at equal intervals with the center of the condenser plate as the distribution center. That is, the guide holes are arranged in a circular array with the center of the condenser plate as the distribution center. In a specific embodiment of this application, four layers of guide holes are provided on each condenser plate unit. When multiple condenser units are assembled, the guide holes on each condenser unit together form a guide channel for gas flow. A connecting reinforcement is also included, which is made of a material with a thermal conductivity of less than 1; the first end of the connecting reinforcement is fixedly installed to the mounting flange, and the second end of the connecting reinforcement is fixedly installed to the first condenser unit. In one embodiment of this application, the connecting reinforcement includes at least three connecting reinforcement rods 400. The first and second ends of each connecting reinforcement rod are provided with external threads. The bottom of the first mounting portion 311 of the mounting flange 300 has at least three threaded holes spaced at equal intervals, with the bottom center as the distribution center. The distance between the threaded holes and the bottom center of the first mounting portion is equal to the distance between one layer of guide holes on the condenser fin and the center of the condenser fin. The connecting reinforcement also includes nuts matching the number of connecting reinforcement rods. The first end of each connecting reinforcement rod is fixed to the threaded hole via the external thread. The second end of each connecting reinforcement rod passes through a guide hole on the first condenser unit and is fixed to the first condenser unit via the nut. In a preferred embodiment of this application, the connection between the condenser and the mounting flange is strengthened by providing connecting reinforcement rods. Thus, when the condenser has multiple stages of condenser units, the weight of the condenser increases, and the connecting force provided by the cold fingers alone may not be sufficient to support the vertical installation of the entire condenser. Therefore, adding connecting reinforcement rods to fix the condenser can enhance the stability of the condenser and support the assembly of more stages of condenser units, achieving better condensation performance. The connecting reinforcement rod is made of a material with a thermal conductivity of less than 1 and low temperature resistance, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or modified PTFE. This satisfies the structural strength requirements under low temperature conditions while reducing the amount of external heat transferred into the condenser by the connecting reinforcement rod, thus minimizing its impact on the condenser's condensation efficiency.
[0032] In a preferred embodiment provided in this application, such as Figure 6As shown, the cold finger 130 includes a first cold finger component 131, a second cold finger component 132, and a cold finger buffer structure 133. The first end of the first cold finger component 131 is provided with a cold finger mounting portion 1311, which is used for installation and fixation with the cold end of the cold finger module. The second end of the first cold finger component 131 is connected to the cold finger buffer structure 133. The first end of the second cold finger component 132 is connected to the cold finger buffer structure 133, and the second end of the second cold finger component 132 is provided with a second connecting component, which is used for installation and fixation with the first connecting component on the first condenser unit. The first cold finger component, the cold finger buffer structure, and the second cold finger component are integrally formed. In a preferred embodiment provided in this application, the cold finger buffer structure consists of multiple cylindrical rods fixedly connected to the first and second cold finger components. When a certain vibration occurs at the installation location of the pulse tube refrigeration system provided in this application, it will cause the mounting flange to vibrate, and consequently, the pulse tube refrigeration unit installed on the mounting flange will vibrate. Because of the cold finger buffer structure, the vibration transmitted from the mounting flange to the condenser will be slowed down, avoiding excessive impact on the condenser.
[0033] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A condenser, characterized in that, The system comprises N condenser units, where N ≥ 2, each condenser unit being made of a metal material with a thermal conductivity greater than 200. Each condenser unit includes a flattened condenser plate, with a first side and a second side formed on its upper and lower sides, respectively. A first connecting component is located at the center of the first side, and a second connecting component is located at the center of the second side; the first and second connecting components are mutually compatible for installation and fixation. The condenser plate has a plurality of flow guide holes extending from the first side through the condenser plate to the second side. The second connecting component of the nth condenser unit is fixedly installed with the first connecting component of the (n+1)th condenser unit; 1 ≤ n. <N。 2. The condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least two layers of flow guide holes are provided outward from the center of the condenser plate. Each layer of flow guide holes includes at least three flow guide holes, and all flow guide holes in each layer are arranged at equal intervals with the center of the condenser plate as the distribution center.
3. The condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second sides of the condenser plate are both circular surfaces. The area of the first side is smaller than that of the second side, and an inclined hydrophobic surface is formed from the outer edge of the first side to the outer edge of the second side.
4. The condenser as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A cooling guide shaft protruding from the surface of the first side of the condenser is provided at the center of the first side of the condenser, and the first connecting component is provided on the cooling guide shaft; a cooling guide column protruding from the surface of the second side of the condenser is provided at the center of the second side of the condenser, and the second connecting component is provided on the cooling guide column.
5. The condenser as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Both the cooling shaft and the cooling column are cylindrical, and the cooling shaft and the cooling column have the same radius.
6. A pulse tube refrigeration system, characterized in that, It includes a pulse tube refrigerator and a condenser as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cold finger of the pulse tube refrigerator is fixedly connected to the first connecting component of the first condensing unit in the condenser.
7. The pulse tube cooling system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a mounting flange, on which the pulse tube refrigerator is mounted, and the mounting flange is located between the pulse tube refrigerator and the condenser.
8. The pulse tube cooling system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a connecting reinforcement, which is made of a material with a thermal conductivity of less than 1; the first end of the connecting reinforcement is fixedly installed to the mounting flange, and the second end of the connecting reinforcement is fixedly installed to the first condenser unit.
9. The pulse tube cooling system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The connecting reinforcement includes at least three connecting reinforcement rods. The first and second ends of each connecting reinforcement rod are provided with external threads. The bottom of the mounting flange is provided with at least three threaded holes at equal intervals, with the bottom center as the distribution center. The distance between the threaded holes and the bottom center of the mounting flange is equal to the distance between one layer of guide holes on the condenser fin and the center of the condenser fin. The connecting reinforcement also includes nuts matching the number of connecting reinforcement rods. The first end of each connecting reinforcement rod is fixed to the threaded hole through the external thread. The second end of each connecting reinforcement rod passes through a guide hole on the first condenser unit and is fixed to the first condenser unit through the nuts.