Vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber partial discharge test measurement system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment detection, in particular to a partial discharge test measurement system and method for a vacuum arc extinguish chamber, and the system comprises a test power supply which is integrally and horizontally placed and provides a preset high voltage required by a test; the whole test unit is vertically arranged, a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is arranged in the test unit, and the test unit is provided with at least one observation window and at least one measurement window; the acquisition assembly acquires partial discharge test data of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber through at least one window observation and at least one measurement window; and the control assembly is connected with the acquisition assembly, and is used for controlling the acquisition assembly to acquire the partial discharge test data through at least one detection mode, and generating a measurement result of the partial discharge test of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber according to the partial discharge test data. Therefore, the problems of single monitoring dimension, difficulty in identifying other internal tiny defects, insufficient defect coverage and the like when the operation state of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is evaluated by detecting the vacuum degree change of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber in related technologies are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrical equipment testing technology, and in particular to a partial discharge test and measurement system and method for a vacuum interrupter. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum circuit breakers are widely used due to their excellent insulation and arc-extinguishing performance. With the continuous improvement of voltage levels, the impact of minute defects inside the vacuum interrupter on the reliability of equipment operation is becoming increasingly prominent, making it of great significance to effectively detect their defect status.

[0003] Currently, the relevant technologies mainly assess the operating status of vacuum interrupters by detecting changes in vacuum level. However, this method can only reflect the deterioration of vacuum level and is difficult to identify other minor defects inside the vacuum interrupter, resulting in a single monitoring dimension and insufficient defect coverage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a partial discharge test measurement system and method for a vacuum interrupter, which solves the problems of related technologies that assess the operating status of a vacuum interrupter by detecting changes in the vacuum level, which have a single monitoring dimension, make it difficult to identify other minor internal defects, and result in insufficient defect coverage.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a partial discharge test measurement system for a vacuum interrupter, comprising: a test power supply, which is horizontally positioned and provides a preset high voltage required for the test; a test unit, which is vertically positioned and houses the vacuum interrupter, with at least one observation window and at least one measurement window on the test unit; a data acquisition component, which acquires partial discharge test data of the vacuum interrupter through the at least one observation window and the at least one measurement window; and a control component, which is connected to the data acquisition component and controls the data acquisition component to acquire partial discharge test data through at least one detection method, and generates measurement results of the partial discharge test of the vacuum interrupter based on the partial discharge test data.

[0006] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the detection method includes at least one of pulse current method, ultra-high frequency method, ultrasonic method, high frequency CT (Current Transformer) method and optical detection method. When the detection method includes multiple detection methods such as pulse current method, ultra-high frequency method, ultrasonic method, high frequency CT method and optical detection method, multiple detection methods can be used for simultaneous detection.

[0007] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the test power supply adopts an armored gas-insulated metal-enclosed structure, and the test power supply is connected to the test unit through a transformer.

[0008] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the vacuum interrupter includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The test unit includes a base, an insulating support, a high-voltage conductor, an insulating ring, a grounding rod, a grounding bushing, an insulating pull rod, and an operating device. The high-voltage conductor is fixed to the base by the insulating support. One end of the high-voltage conductor is connected to the test power supply, and the other end of the high-voltage conductor is connected to the stationary contact of the vacuum interrupter. The moving contact of the vacuum interrupter is connected to the operating device by the insulating pull rod. The operating device can control the up and down movement of the moving contact to open and close the stationary contact of the vacuum interrupter. The moving contact is also connected to the grounding bushing by the grounding rod, and the grounding of the moving contact is achieved outside the test unit housing through the grounding bushing.

[0009] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, an equalizing cover is provided on the outside of the vacuum interrupter, and the equalizing cover is fixed by an insulating ring.

[0010] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the equalizing hood is replaced with a different size according to the vacuum interrupter of different voltage levels, so as to adjust the distance between the equalizing hood and the vacuum interrupter, so as to make the electric field distribution of the vacuum interrupter under the test posture consistent with the electric field distribution during actual operation.

[0011] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the acquisition component includes a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit, a first detection impedance, a second detection impedance, an ultrasonic sensor, a built-in ultra-high frequency sensor, an external ultra-high frequency sensor, a photomultiplier tube, and a high-frequency CT, wherein the first acquisition unit is connected to the first detection impedance, the second detection impedance, and the ultrasonic sensor, respectively, and the second acquisition unit is connected to the built-in ultra-high frequency sensor, the external ultra-high frequency sensor, the photomultiplier tube, and the high-frequency CT, respectively.

[0012] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, an ultrasonic sensor is arranged on the equalization hood of the test unit to detect the ultrasonic signal generated by partial discharge in the test vacuum interrupter; the equalization hood is connected to the housing of the test power supply through a first detection impedance to measure the pulse current signal generated by partial discharge; a coupling capacitor is connected in parallel on the test power supply side, and a second detection impedance is connected in series at the grounding terminal of the coupling capacitor to measure the pulse current signal generated by partial discharge; a high-frequency CT is also sleeved on the grounding line of the coupling capacitor to measure the high-frequency current signal generated by partial discharge; a built-in ultra-high frequency sensor is installed in the measurement window of the test unit to measure the ultra-high frequency signal generated by partial discharge; an external ultra-high frequency sensor is arranged outside the test unit as a background sensor; a photomultiplier tube is arranged outside the observation window of the test unit to measure the light signal generated by partial discharge; a small hole is opened in the position of the equalization hood facing the observation window to facilitate the propagation of light from the test vacuum interrupter outward.

[0013] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the control component includes a switch and a control unit, wherein the switch is connected to the first acquisition unit and the second acquisition unit respectively, and the control unit is connected to the switch.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides a method for measuring partial discharge in a vacuum interrupter, comprising: acquiring a partial discharge test command for the vacuum interrupter; performing at least one test on the vacuum interrupter under closed and open conditions according to the partial discharge test command; controlling a data acquisition component to acquire partial discharge test data through at least one detection method; and generating a measurement result of the partial discharge test based on the partial discharge test data.

[0015] Therefore, this application has the following beneficial effects: The test power supply is placed horizontally to provide a stable, preset high voltage to the vacuum interrupter, thus establishing reliable and controllable electric field conditions for the partial discharge test. The test unit is vertically positioned, with the vacuum interrupter placed inside. Observation and measurement windows are provided on the test unit to facilitate visual observation of the test process and provide a structural basis for multi-channel signal acquisition. The acquisition components collect partial discharge test data generated by the vacuum interrupter during the test through the observation and measurement windows, achieving effective acquisition of multi-source discharge information. The control components then uniformly control the acquisition components, employing at least one detection method to collect and process the partial discharge test data, generating measurement results for the vacuum interrupter's partial discharge test. This allows for a multi-dimensional reflection of the vacuum interrupter's discharge characteristics. This solves the problems of related technologies that assess the operating status of the vacuum interrupter by detecting changes in vacuum level, resulting in a single monitoring dimension, difficulty in identifying other minor internal defects, and insufficient defect coverage.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is an example diagram of a vacuum interrupter partial discharge test and measurement system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a testing and inspection platform according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the test unit according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a wiring diagram of a partial discharge measurement system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a partial discharge measurement sensor according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the photomultiplier tube installation according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a partial discharge test measurement method for a vacuum interrupter according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the test posture of the vacuum interrupter in the closing state according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the test posture of the vacuum interrupter in the tripping state according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0019] The following describes a vacuum interrupter partial discharge test measurement system and method according to embodiments of this application, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Addressing the problems mentioned in the background art, this application provides a vacuum interrupter partial discharge test measurement system. In this system, the test power supply is placed horizontally to provide a stable preset high voltage to the vacuum interrupter, thereby constructing reliable and controllable electric field conditions for the partial discharge test. By vertically setting the test unit and placing the vacuum interrupter inside it, and simultaneously setting observation and measurement windows on the test unit, it is convenient to visualize the test process and provide a structural basis for multi-channel signal acquisition. The acquisition component collects partial discharge test data generated by the vacuum interrupter during the test through the observation and measurement windows, respectively, achieving effective acquisition of multi-source discharge information. The control component then uniformly controls the acquisition component, employs at least one detection method to collect and process the partial discharge test data, and generates measurement results for the vacuum interrupter partial discharge test, thereby reflecting the discharge characteristics of the vacuum interrupter from multiple dimensions. This solves the problems of related technologies that assess the operating status of the vacuum interrupter by detecting changes in vacuum level, resulting in a single monitoring dimension, difficulty in identifying other minor internal defects, and insufficient defect coverage.

[0020] The partial discharge test measurement system for a vacuum interrupter chamber according to an embodiment of this application is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the partial discharge test and measurement system of the vacuum interrupter chamber according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the vacuum interrupter partial discharge test measurement system 10 includes: a test power supply 100, a test unit 200, a data acquisition component 300, and a control component 400.

[0023] The test power supply 100 is placed horizontally to provide the preset high voltage required for the test; the test unit 200 is placed vertically, and a vacuum interrupter is placed inside the test unit 200. The test unit 200 has at least one observation window and at least one measurement window; the acquisition component 300 acquires the partial discharge test data of the vacuum interrupter through the at least one observation window and at least one measurement window; the control component 400 is connected to the acquisition component 300, and controls the acquisition component 300 to acquire the partial discharge test data through at least one detection method, and generates the measurement results of the partial discharge test of the vacuum interrupter based on the partial discharge test data.

[0024] Among them, the vacuum interrupter is the breaking component in the vacuum circuit breaker; the test power supply 100 is a device that provides the preset high voltage required for the partial discharge test to the test unit 200, and can adopt an armored gas-insulated metal-enclosed structure; the test unit 200 is a structural unit used to place the vacuum interrupter and construct the test environment, and in this application represents the carrier and simulation platform for the partial discharge test; the acquisition component 300 is a set of devices used to acquire partial discharge test data of the vacuum interrupter, and in this application represents a functional unit for acquiring partial discharge signals; the control component 400 is a data processing device connected to and controlling the acquisition component 300, and in this application represents a functional unit for controlling the partial discharge test process and generating measurement results.

[0025] Understandably, by collecting partial discharge test data of the vacuum interrupter under preset high voltage conditions and comprehensively processing and analyzing the collected partial discharge signals, it is possible to comprehensively reflect the discharge characteristics and insulation status of the vacuum interrupter under different test conditions, thereby improving the ability to identify minute defects inside the vacuum interrupter and providing reliable data support for subsequent condition assessment and fault diagnosis.

[0026] The overall system of partial discharge test and measurement for vacuum interrupter chamber is as follows: Figure 2As shown. The system mainly consists of a test power supply 100, a test unit 200, a data acquisition component 300, and a control component 400. The test power supply 100 is placed horizontally, while the test unit 200 is placed vertically. A transition cylinder connects the test unit 200 and the test power supply 100. The test power supply 100 provides the high voltage for the test and features a gas-insulated, metal-enclosed armored structure. The vacuum interrupter under test is placed inside the test unit 200, which is vertically positioned to ensure that the vacuum interrupter's orientation matches the vertical orientation of the actual equipment. The test unit 200 has multiple observation and measurement windows for mounting various measurement sensors. The outer shell of the test unit 200 can be a 550kV-rated GIS shell (no specific limitation), allowing the placement of vacuum interrupter test specimens with voltage levels below 252kV inside the test unit 200.

[0027] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the detection method includes at least one of pulse current method, ultra-high frequency method, ultrasonic method, high frequency CT method and optical detection method. When the detection method includes multiple methods such as pulse current method, ultra-high frequency method, ultrasonic method, high frequency CT method and optical detection method, multiple detection methods can be used simultaneously for detection.

[0028] Among them, the pulse current method is a method to characterize the discharge characteristics by detecting the transient pulse current signal generated during partial discharge, and in this application, it represents a detection method for obtaining the partial discharge current characteristics of a vacuum interrupter; the ultra-high frequency method is a method to determine the discharge behavior by detecting the ultra-high frequency electromagnetic signal radiated during partial discharge, and in this application, it represents an electromagnetic detection method for identifying partial discharge inside a vacuum interrupter; the ultrasonic method is a method to reflect the discharge location and intensity by detecting the ultrasonic signal formed by the mechanical vibration generated during partial discharge, and in this application, it represents a detection method for obtaining the acoustic characteristics of partial discharge in a vacuum interrupter; the high-frequency CT method is a method to detect the high-frequency current signal generated during partial discharge using a high-frequency current transformer, and in this application, it represents a detection method for acquiring the high-frequency current characteristics of partial discharge in a vacuum interrupter; and the optical detection method is a method to characterize the discharge phenomenon by detecting the visible light or ultraviolet light signal generated during partial discharge, and in this application, it represents a detection method for obtaining the optical characteristics of partial discharge in a vacuum interrupter.

[0029] It is understandable that by employing at least one of the following detection methods—pulse current method, ultra-high frequency method, ultrasonic method, high frequency CT method, and optical detection method—partial discharge characteristic information of the vacuum interrupter can be obtained from multiple physical dimensions such as electricity, magnetism, sound, and light. When multiple detection methods are used simultaneously, mutual verification and complementarity between different detection signals can be achieved, thereby enhancing the ability to identify minute defects inside the vacuum interrupter.

[0030] This application addresses the discharge and luminescence phenomena associated with defects in vacuum interrupters under pressurized conditions. It establishes methods for measuring partial discharge in vacuum interrupters using pulse current, ultra-high frequency, ultrasonic, high-frequency CT, and optical detection, enabling simultaneous measurement of partial discharge in vacuum interrupters using multiple techniques.

[0031] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the test power supply 100 adopts an armored gas-insulated metal-enclosed structure, and the test power supply 100 is connected to the test unit 200 through a transformer.

[0032] Among them, the armored gas-insulated metal-enclosed structure is a closed electrical structure that uses a metal shell and gas as the insulating medium. In this application, it represents a power supply structure used to improve the insulation performance and anti-interference capability of the test power supply 100; the transformer is an electrical device used to realize voltage level transformation and electrical isolation. In this application, it represents a voltage transformation and safety isolation unit between the test power supply 100 and the test unit 200.

[0033] It is understandable that the test power supply 100, which adopts an armored gas-insulated metal-enclosed structure and is connected to the test unit 200 through a transformer, can effectively improve the insulation performance and anti-interference capability of the test power supply 100, reduce the influence of the external environment on the partial discharge test, and at the same time help to achieve stable high-voltage output and safe isolation.

[0034] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the vacuum interrupter includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The test unit 200 includes a base, an insulating support, a high-voltage conductor, an insulating ring, a grounding rod, a grounding bushing, an insulating pull rod, and an operating device. The high-voltage conductor is fixed to the base by the insulating support. One end of the high-voltage conductor is connected to the test power supply 100, and the other end of the high-voltage conductor is connected to the stationary contact of the vacuum interrupter. The moving contact of the vacuum interrupter is connected to the operating device by the insulating pull rod. The operating device can control the up and down movement of the moving contact to open and close the stationary contact of the vacuum interrupter. The moving contact is also connected to the grounding bushing by the grounding rod, and the grounding of the moving contact is achieved outside the housing of the test unit 200 through the grounding bushing.

[0035] In this application, the moving contact is a contact component capable of displacement under the drive of the operating device, representing a movable conductive component for realizing the opening and closing actions of the vacuum interrupter; the stationary contact is a contact component fixedly disposed relative to the moving contact, representing a fixed conductive component that cooperates with the moving contact to form a conductive or disconnected circuit; the insulating support represents the insulating support structure between the high-voltage conductor and the base; the high-voltage conductor represents the conductive channel for introducing the test power supply 100V into the stationary contact of the vacuum interrupter; the insulating ring represents an annular insulating component for installing and fixing related structures and maintaining electrical insulation; the grounding rod represents the grounding connection channel of the moving contact; the grounding bushing represents the transition interface for realizing the safe grounding of the moving contact outside the housing; the insulating pull rod represents the insulating transmission component connecting the moving contact and the operating device; and the operating device represents the drive unit for controlling the opening and closing states of the vacuum interrupter.

[0036] Understandably, the above structural design enables the vacuum interrupter to achieve controllable opening and closing of the moving and stationary contacts within the test unit 200, and reliably introduce high voltage or achieve safe grounding under different conditions. This allows for a realistic simulation of the vacuum interrupter's closing, opening, and grounding conditions during actual operation, improving the controllability and consistency of the test conditions. Simultaneously, the components achieve good electrical isolation and mechanical transmission coordination through insulating supports, insulating rods, and grounding bushings, effectively ensuring the safety and stability of the test process and providing a reliable structural foundation for conducting partial discharge detection of the vacuum interrupter under different operating conditions.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the test unit 200 of this application structurally includes a base, an insulating support, and an "L"-shaped high-voltage conductor arranged on the base. One end of the high-voltage conductor is connected to the test power supply 100, and the other end is connected to the stationary contact of the vacuum interrupter. The moving contact of the vacuum interrupter is connected to an operating device via an insulating pull rod. The operating device can control the movement of the moving contact in the vertical direction, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the moving contact and the stationary contact. At the same time, the moving contact is also connected to a grounding bushing via a grounding rod, and the grounding function of the moving contact can be realized outside the housing of the test unit 200 through the grounding bushing.

[0038] The test unit 200 housing has multiple measurement and observation hand holes, including a glass observation window and a UHF installation hand hole.

[0039] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, an equalizing cover is provided on the outside of the vacuum interrupter, and the equalizing cover is fixed by an insulating ring.

[0040] In this application, the equalizing shield represents a structural component used to equalize the electric field around the vacuum interrupter and reduce electric field distortion.

[0041] It is understandable that by setting up an equalizing cover outside the vacuum interrupter and fixing it with an insulating ring, the electric field around the vacuum interrupter can be effectively homogenized and shielded, reducing the impact of electric field distortion on partial discharge tests, thereby providing a guarantee for obtaining real and reliable partial discharge characteristics of the vacuum interrupter.

[0042] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the equalizing hood is replaced with a different size according to the vacuum interrupter of different voltage levels, so as to adjust the distance between the equalizing hood and the vacuum interrupter, so as to make the electric field distribution of the vacuum interrupter under the test posture consistent with the electric field distribution during actual operation.

[0043] In this application, the voltage level refers to the system voltage range applicable to the vacuum interrupter under rated operating conditions; the test posture refers to the installation state and spatial structure configuration of the vacuum interrupter during the test, used to simulate its actual operating conditions; and the electric field distribution refers to the spatial distribution of the electric field intensity and direction in the vacuum interrupter and its surrounding space under voltage.

[0044] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the application, by replacing the equalizing shield of the appropriate size according to different voltage levels and adjusting the distance between the equalizing shield and the vacuum interrupter, the electric field distribution around the vacuum interrupter under test conditions is kept consistent with the electric field distribution during its actual operation, thereby effectively avoiding electric field distortion caused by the mismatch between the test posture and the actual working conditions.

[0045] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the acquisition component 300 includes a first acquisition unit 301, a second acquisition unit 302, a first detection impedance 303, a second detection impedance 304, an ultrasonic sensor 305, a built-in ultra-high frequency sensor 306, an external ultra-high frequency sensor 307, a photomultiplier tube 308, and a high-frequency CT. The first acquisition unit 301 is connected to the first detection impedance 303, the second detection impedance 304, and the ultrasonic sensor 305, respectively. The second acquisition unit 302 is connected to the built-in ultra-high frequency sensor 306, the external ultra-high frequency sensor 307, the photomultiplier tube 308, and the high-frequency CT 309, respectively.

[0046] The first acquisition unit 301 is an acquisition module for acquiring current and acoustic signals, representing the simultaneous acquisition of pulse current signals and ultrasonic signals in this application; the second acquisition unit 302 is an acquisition module for acquiring electromagnetic radiation and optical signals, representing the unified acquisition of ultra-high frequency signals, optical signals, and high-frequency current signals in this application; the first detection impedance 303 is a resistive element connected in series with the vacuum interrupter circuit, representing detection impedance Z1 in this application; the second detection impedance 304 is a resistive element set in the grounding circuit, representing detection impedance Z2 in this application; and the ultrasonic sensor 305 is a sensor for sensing the mechanical vibration generated by the discharge. In this application, the ultrasonic signal of partial discharge is represented; the built-in ultra-high frequency sensor 306 is an electromagnetic sensor arranged inside the vacuum interrupter, and in this application, it represents the detection of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic signals generated by internal partial discharge; the external ultra-high frequency sensor 307 is an electromagnetic sensor arranged outside the vacuum interrupter, and in this application, it represents the detection of externally leaked ultra-high frequency electromagnetic signals; the photomultiplier tube 308 is an optical detection device used to amplify weak light signals, and in this application, it represents highly sensitive detection of weak light signals generated during partial discharge; the high-frequency CT 309 is a high-frequency current transformer, and in this application, it represents non-contact detection of high-frequency discharge current signals.

[0047] It is understood that this application achieves multi-channel acquisition of signals such as current, acoustic, electromagnetic, and optical signals by assigning different types of sensors to the first acquisition unit 301 and the second acquisition unit 302 for separate acquisition. This avoids mutual interference between different signals during the acquisition process and improves the stability and accuracy of partial discharge signal acquisition. The collaborative acquisition of multiple detection methods can characterize the same partial discharge event from different physical mechanisms, realize cross-verification between signals, effectively reduce the risk of missed detection or misjudgment by a single detection method, and thus significantly improve the reliability and diagnostic credibility of the partial discharge detection results in the vacuum interrupter.

[0048] Specifically, the wiring diagram of the partial discharge measurement system in this application embodiment is as follows: Figure 4As shown. The output terminals of the first detection impedance 303 and the second detection impedance 304, as well as the output terminal of the ultrasonic sensor 305, are connected to the first acquisition unit 301. The first acquisition unit 301 has a sampling rate of 5 MS / s and an analog bandwidth of 1 MHz, meeting the acquisition requirements for pulse current signals and ultrasonic signals. The output terminals of the built-in ultra-high frequency sensor 306, the external ultra-high frequency sensor 307, the photomultiplier tube 308, and the high-frequency CT 309 are connected to the high-speed acquisition unit. The second acquisition unit 302 has a sampling rate of 2 GS / s and an analog bandwidth of 1 GHz, meeting the acquisition requirements for ultra-high frequency signals, optical pulse signals, and high-frequency current signals. The trigger output of the second acquisition unit 302 is connected to the trigger input of the first acquisition unit 301, thereby realizing synchronous acquisition by the second acquisition unit 302 and the first acquisition unit 301.

[0049] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, an ultrasonic sensor 305 is arranged on the equalization hood of the test unit 200 to detect the ultrasonic signal generated by partial discharge in the test vacuum interrupter; the equalization hood is connected to the housing of the test power supply 100 through a first detection impedance 303 to measure the pulse current signal generated by partial discharge; a coupling capacitor is connected in parallel on the side of the test power supply 100, and a second detection impedance 304 is connected in series at the grounding terminal of the coupling capacitor to measure the pulse current signal generated by partial discharge; a high-frequency CT 309 is also sleeved on the grounding wire of the coupling capacitor to measure the high-frequency current signal generated by partial discharge; a built-in ultra-high frequency sensor 306 is installed in the measurement window of the test unit 200 to measure the ultra-high frequency signal generated by partial discharge; an external ultra-high frequency sensor 307 is arranged outside the test unit 200 as a background sensor; a photomultiplier tube 308 is arranged outside the observation window of the test unit 200 to measure the light signal generated by partial discharge; a small hole is opened in the position of the equalization hood facing the observation window to facilitate the propagation of light from the test vacuum interrupter outward.

[0050] It is understood that in this embodiment, the ultrasonic sensor 305, detection impedance, high-frequency CT 309, ultra-high frequency sensor, and photomultiplier tube 308 are respectively arranged on the equalization chamber, the side of the test power supply 100, inside and outside the test unit 200, and at the observation window. This allows the ultrasonic, current, electromagnetic waves, and optical signals generated by partial discharge to be directly collected along the optimal propagation path, significantly improving the acquisition sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of various partial discharge characteristic signals. On the other hand, by comparing the built-in ultra-high frequency sensor 306 with the external ultra-high frequency sensor 307, the partial discharge signal inside the vacuum interrupter can be effectively distinguished from external electromagnetic interference, improving the anti-interference capability of the detection results. At the same time, the small holes opened in the equalization chamber provide a stable propagation channel for the optical signal while ensuring that the electric field distribution is basically unaffected, making optical detection complementary to electrical, acoustic, and electromagnetic detection. This enables multi-dimensional and all-round monitoring of partial discharge in the vacuum interrupter, improving the ability to identify weak discharges and potential defects.

[0051] The installation diagram of the partial discharge measurement sensor for partial discharge testing in the vacuum interrupter chamber of this application is shown below. Figure 5 As shown. An ultrasonic sensor 305 is arranged on the equalizing hood to detect the ultrasonic signal generated by partial discharge in the vacuum interrupter under test. The ultrasonic sensor 305, being located on the equalizing hood, is closer to the vacuum interrupter under test and has higher sensitivity than if mounted on the outer shell of the test unit 200. The equalizing hood is connected to the housing of the test power supply 100 through a first detection impedance 303 to measure the pulse current signal generated by partial discharge. A coupling capacitor is connected in parallel on the test power supply 100 side, and a second detection impedance 304 is connected in series at the grounding terminal of the coupling capacitor, also for measuring the pulse current signal generated by partial discharge. A high-frequency CT 309 is also sleeved on the grounding wire of the coupling capacitor to measure the high-frequency current signal generated by partial discharge. A built-in ultra-high frequency sensor 306 is installed in the hand hole on the housing of the test unit 200 to measure the ultra-high frequency signal generated by partial discharge; simultaneously, an external ultra-high frequency sensor 307 is arranged outside the test unit 200 as a background sensor. A photomultiplier tube 308 is installed outside the glass observation window of the test unit 200 to measure the light signal generated by partial discharge; a small hole is opened in the equalizing cover opposite the observation window to facilitate the propagation of light from the test vacuum interrupter chamber to the outside.

[0052] The installation of the photomultiplier tube 308 is specifically as follows: Figure 6As shown. Due to the high sensitivity of the photomultiplier tube 308, special attention must be paid to light shielding during use to prevent external light pollution from interfering with the experimental detection. A soft, opaque material of a certain thickness is used as the light shielding layer, which is pressed onto the handhole cover plate of the experimental chamber by a cover plate and then tightened with bolts. A through hole with a diameter slightly smaller than that of the photomultiplier tube 308 is made on it, and the photomultiplier tube 308 is inserted into it to ensure its light shielding effect. To ensure the transmittance of ultraviolet light generated by partial discharge, quartz glass of a certain thickness is used as the material for the observation window. Its transmission frequency band basically covers the visible, near-ultraviolet, and far-ultraviolet bands, which is consistent with the measurement band of the photomultiplier tube 308.

[0053] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the control component 400 includes a switch and a control unit, the switch being connected to the first acquisition unit 301 and the second acquisition unit 302 respectively, and the control unit being connected to the switch.

[0054] In this application, the switch is a network device with data forwarding and communication management functions, representing a communication node used to realize the aggregation, synchronous transmission and channel management of data collected by the first acquisition unit 301 and the second acquisition unit 302; the first acquisition unit 301 represents a low-speed acquisition unit control unit; the second acquisition unit 302 represents a high-speed acquisition unit control unit; and the control unit is a processing module with computing and control capabilities, representing a core control module used to issue detection control commands, receive and process acquired data, and generate partial discharge test measurement results.

[0055] In this embodiment of the application, the first acquisition unit 301 and the second acquisition unit 302 are respectively connected to the optical switch via optical fiber, and the power switch is connected to the remote control unit via network cable.

[0056] It is understandable that by introducing a switch to uniformly aggregate and forward the data collected by the first acquisition unit 301 and the second acquisition unit 302, synchronous transmission and centralized management of multi-channel and multi-type partial discharge signals can be achieved, avoiding the problem of inconsistent data timing caused by the independent operation of each acquisition unit. At the same time, the control unit centrally controls and coordinates the switch and each acquisition unit, and can uniformly issue detection commands and schedule and manage the acquisition process, thereby improving the stability and consistency of the collaborative work of multiple detection methods and ensuring the reliability of partial discharge test data.

[0057] The vacuum interrupter partial discharge test measurement system proposed in this application provides a reliable and controllable electric field condition for the partial discharge test by placing the test power supply horizontally to provide a stable preset high voltage to the vacuum interrupter. The test unit is vertically positioned with the vacuum interrupter inside, and observation and measurement windows are provided on the test unit to facilitate visual observation of the test process and provide a structural basis for multi-channel signal acquisition. The acquisition components collect partial discharge test data generated by the vacuum interrupter during the test through the observation and measurement windows, achieving effective acquisition of multi-source discharge information. The control component then uniformly controls the acquisition components, using at least one detection method to collect and process the partial discharge test data, generating measurement results for the vacuum interrupter partial discharge test. This allows the system to reflect the discharge characteristics of the vacuum interrupter from multiple dimensions. Therefore, this system solves the problems of related technologies that assess the operating status of the vacuum interrupter by detecting changes in vacuum level, resulting in a single monitoring dimension, difficulty in identifying other minor internal defects, and insufficient defect coverage.

[0058] Specifically, Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a partial discharge test measurement method for a vacuum interrupter provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0059] like Figure 7 As shown, the method for measuring partial discharge in a vacuum interrupter is applied to the control component of a partial discharge test and measurement system for a vacuum interrupter. The method includes the following steps: In step S101, a partial discharge test command for the vacuum interrupter is obtained.

[0060] Among them, the partial discharge test command is a control command used to instruct the partial discharge detection of the vacuum interrupter. In this application, it represents the command information generated or received by the control component to start the test process and determine the test type, test conditions and acquisition method.

[0061] Understandably, by obtaining the partial discharge test instructions for the vacuum interrupter, the test triggering time, test conditions, and corresponding detection methods can be clearly defined before the test begins, thus providing a unified starting basis and standardized execution process for the partial discharge test.

[0062] In step S102, at least one test under closed-circuit conditions and one test under open-circuit conditions are performed on the vacuum interrupter according to the partial discharge test command, and the control acquisition component collects partial discharge test data through at least one detection method.

[0063] Among them, the test under the closing condition is a partial discharge detection condition carried out when the moving contact and stationary contact of the vacuum interrupter are in a closed state, which in this application represents a partial discharge test used to simulate the normal conducting operation state of the circuit breaker; the test under the opening condition is a partial discharge detection condition carried out when the moving contact and stationary contact of the vacuum interrupter are in a separated state, which in this application represents a partial discharge test used to simulate the opening or withstand voltage state of the circuit breaker; the partial discharge test data are various discharge-related signal data acquired by the acquisition component under the above test conditions, which in this application represents the raw measurement information used to characterize the internal discharge characteristics of the vacuum interrupter.

[0064] Understandably, by conducting partial discharge tests under both closing and opening conditions, the discharge behavior of the vacuum interrupter under different typical operating conditions can be fully covered, avoiding the omission of discharge characteristics caused by testing only under a single operating condition. At the same time, by collecting and forming partial discharge test data under corresponding operating conditions, the obtained raw measurement information can truly reflect the internal discharge characteristics under actual operating conditions such as normal conduction, disconnection, and withstand voltage.

[0065] The embodiments of this application can realize the testing and inspection of vacuum interrupters under different states such as opening and closing. Specifically, when conducting tests under closing conditions, this application, for example... Figure 8 As shown, the operating device moves the moving contact of the vacuum interrupter downwards, causing it to contact the stationary contact and achieve the closed state. At this time, the grounding bushing is not connected to the grounding wire.

[0066] When conducting tests under tripping conditions in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 9 As shown, by moving the moving contact of the vacuum interrupter upward through the operating device, and controlling the stroke of the operating device, the opening distance between the moving and stationary contacts of the vacuum interrupter can be controlled, simulating different opening distance states. At this time, the grounding bushing is grounded through the external connection line, thereby grounding the moving contact end.

[0067] By adopting the above installation arrangement, the embodiments of this application can realize the simultaneous measurement of multiple detection methods, as well as the reliable identification of partial discharge and interference, thereby improving the sensitivity and effectiveness of detection.

[0068] To further illustrate the specific application of various detection methods in this embodiment, the measurement principles and signal discrimination methods of the pulse current method and the ultra-high frequency method are described in detail below, so as to demonstrate how multiple detection methods work together to achieve accurate identification and reliable verification of partial discharge signals.

[0069] For the pulse current method, this application embodiment sets a first detection impedance and a second detection impedance, and performs detection simultaneously; by comparing the amplitudes of the output signals of the two detection impedances, the identification of partial discharge and external interference can be effectively realized. Specifically, when the signal amplitude of the first detection impedance is greater than that of the second detection impedance, it can be confirmed that the signal is generated by partial discharge in the tested vacuum interrupter; when the signal amplitude of the second detection impedance is greater than that of the first detection impedance, it can be confirmed that the signal is generated by external interference.

[0070] For the UHF method, the measurement system is equipped with both built-in and external UHF sensors. The identification of internal partial discharge and external interference signals can be achieved by comparing the amplitude and time difference of the signals measured by the built-in and external UHF sensors. Specifically, when the measured signal from the built-in UHF sensor is significantly greater than that from the external UHF sensor, the detected signal is a partial discharge signal from the tested vacuum interrupter; when the measured signal from the external UHF sensor is significantly greater than that from the built-in UHF sensor, the detected signal is generated by external interference.

[0071] In step S103, the measurement results of the partial discharge test are generated based on the partial discharge test data.

[0072] It is understood that the embodiments of this application interpret and confirm the partial discharge test data by combining multiple detection methods, that is, simultaneously using pulse current method, ultra-high frequency method, ultrasonic method, high frequency CT method and photomultiplier tube to detect partial discharge in the vacuum interrupter under test.

[0073] The pulsed current method has the highest detection sensitivity. When only a single detection method detects a signal without simultaneously detecting a pulsed current signal, the signal can be determined to be an external interference signal. When two or more detection methods simultaneously detect the corresponding signal, the signal can be further confirmed as a genuine partial discharge signal generated by the vacuum interrupter under test. Through the above-mentioned joint judgment mechanism of multiple detection methods, the embodiments of this application can achieve cross-verification and reliable identification of partial discharge signals.

[0074] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiment of the vacuum interrupter partial discharge test measurement system also applies to the vacuum interrupter partial discharge test measurement method of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] According to the partial discharge test measurement method for vacuum interrupters proposed in this application, firstly, a partial discharge test instruction for the vacuum interrupter is obtained to clarify the current test type and test conditions, thereby ensuring that the subsequent test process has a clear triggering basis and controllability, and improving the standardization and consistency of test execution; secondly, according to the partial discharge test instruction, at least one test method is selected between tests under closing and opening conditions, and the acquisition component is controlled to collect partial discharge test data generated by the vacuum interrupter during the test through at least one detection method, thereby covering the discharge characteristics of the vacuum interrupter under different operating states and improving the completeness of partial discharge information acquisition; then, the measurement results of the partial discharge test are generated based on the collected partial discharge test data, thereby realizing the quantitative characterization and comprehensive analysis of the partial discharge behavior of the vacuum interrupter. This solves the problems of related technologies that assess the operating status of the vacuum interrupter by detecting changes in the vacuum degree, resulting in a single monitoring dimension, difficulty in identifying other minor internal defects, and insufficient defect coverage.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0077] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0078] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0079] It should be understood that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any of the following techniques known in the art, or a combination thereof: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods implementing the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0081] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A partial discharge test and measurement system for a vacuum interrupter chamber, characterized in that, include: The test power supply is placed horizontally and provides the preset high voltage required for the test. The test unit is placed vertically as a whole, and a vacuum interrupter is placed inside the test unit. The test unit has at least one observation window and at least one measurement window. A data acquisition component, wherein the data acquisition component acquires partial discharge test data of the vacuum interrupter through at least one of the said windows for observation and at least one of the said measurement windows; A control component, connected to the acquisition component, controls the acquisition component to acquire the partial discharge test data through at least one detection method, and generates the measurement results of the partial discharge test of the vacuum interrupter based on the partial discharge test data.

2. The vacuum interrupter partial discharge test and measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection method includes at least one of pulsed current method, ultra-high frequency method, ultrasonic method, high frequency CT method and optical detection method. When the detection method includes multiple methods such as pulsed current method, ultra-high frequency method, ultrasonic method, high frequency CT method and optical detection method, multiple detection methods can be used simultaneously.

3. The vacuum interrupter partial discharge test and measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test power supply adopts an armored gas-insulated metal-enclosed structure, and the test power supply is connected to the test unit through a transformer.

4. The vacuum interrupter partial discharge test and measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum interrupter chamber includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The test unit includes a base, an insulating support, a high-voltage conductor, an insulating ring, a grounding rod, a grounding bushing, an insulating pull rod, and an operating device. The high-voltage conductor is fixed to the base by the insulating support. One end of the high-voltage conductor is connected to the test power supply, and the other end is connected to the stationary contact of the vacuum interrupter. The moving contact of the vacuum interrupter is connected to the operating device through the insulating pull rod. The moving contact can be moved up and down by the operating device to open and close the stationary contact of the vacuum interrupter. The moving contact is also connected to the grounding bushing through the grounding rod, and the moving contact is grounded outside the test unit housing through the grounding bushing.

5. The vacuum interrupter partial discharge test and measurement system according to claim 4, characterized in that, An equalizing cover is installed on the outside of the vacuum arc extinguisher, and the equalizing cover is fixed by an insulating ring.

6. The vacuum interrupter partial discharge test and measurement system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The equalizing hood is replaced with different sizes according to the vacuum interrupter of different voltage levels to adjust the distance between the equalizing hood and the vacuum interrupter, so as to make the electric field distribution of the vacuum interrupter under the test posture consistent with the electric field distribution during actual operation.

7. The vacuum interrupter partial discharge test and measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition assembly includes a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit, a first detection impedance, a second detection impedance, an ultrasound sensor, a built-in ultra-high frequency sensor, an external ultra-high frequency sensor, a photomultiplier tube, and a high-frequency CT. The first acquisition unit is connected to the first detection impedance, the second detection impedance, and the ultrasound sensor, respectively. The second acquisition unit is connected to the built-in ultra-high frequency sensor, the external ultra-high frequency sensor, the photomultiplier tube, and the high-frequency CT, respectively.

8. The vacuum interrupter partial discharge test and measurement system according to claim 7, characterized in that, An ultrasonic sensor is arranged on the equalizing hood of the test unit to detect the ultrasonic signal generated by partial discharge in the test vacuum interrupter. The equalizing hood is connected to the housing of the test power supply through the first detection impedance to measure the pulse current signal generated by partial discharge. A coupling capacitor is connected in parallel on the test power supply side, and a second detection impedance is connected in series at the grounding terminal of the coupling capacitor to measure the pulse current signal generated by partial discharge. A high-frequency CT is also sleeved on the grounding line of the coupling capacitor to measure the high-frequency current signal generated by partial discharge. A built-in ultra-high frequency sensor is installed in the measurement window of the test unit to measure the ultra-high frequency signal generated by partial discharge. An external ultra-high frequency sensor is arranged outside the test unit as a background sensor. A photomultiplier tube is set outside the observation window of the test unit to measure the light signal generated by partial discharge. A small hole is opened on the equalizing hood opposite the observation window to facilitate the propagation of light from the test vacuum interrupter outward.

9. The vacuum interrupter partial discharge test and measurement system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control component includes a switch and a control unit. The switch is connected to the first acquisition unit and the second acquisition unit, respectively, and the control unit is connected to the switch.

10. A method for measuring partial discharge in a vacuum interrupter, characterized in that, The method is applied to the control component of the partial discharge test and measurement system for a vacuum interrupter chamber according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the method includes the following steps: Obtain the partial discharge test command for the vacuum interrupter; According to the partial discharge test command, the vacuum interrupter is subjected to at least one test under closing conditions and one test under opening conditions, and the acquisition component is controlled to acquire the partial discharge test data through at least one detection method. The measurement results of the partial discharge test are generated based on the partial discharge test data.

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