Novel lightning protection grounding device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel lightning protection grounding device and a novel lightning protection grounding method, relates to the technical field of lightning protection grounding devices, and aims to solve the problems that most of the existing improvement technologies aiming at the grounding problem of a permafrost region are single-aspect optimization, or only the conductivity of a grounding electrode is improved, and the reliability problem of a connecting part is not solved. The low-temperature conductive connection structure comprises a down-leading mechanism, a hydraulic damping mechanism, a double-channel mechanism and a protection mechanism, and is used for solving the technical problems that the low-temperature conductive stability is neglected, the function is single, and diversified requirements are difficult to meet. According to the invention, form switching can be carried out according to different environments, the grounding cylinder operates stably in a single-channel mode, the grounding requirement of a power system in a common soil environment can be met, and when the soil temperature is lower than 0 DEG C, the second spring is separated from the outer grounding pipe, so that the current circulation path is increased, and the problem of high resistivity of frozen soil is effectively solved; and the device also automatically triggers the dual-channel mode, so that the safety and convenience of the device in different environment use states are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lightning protection grounding device technology, and more specifically, to a novel lightning protection grounding device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In power system grounding engineering, the performance of grounding devices plays a crucial role in ensuring the safe operation of electrical equipment and the safety of personnel. However, in special environmental conditions such as permafrost regions, existing grounding technologies face numerous challenges.

[0003] Traditional grounding electrodes typically use a single-structure metal conductor, which can meet basic conductivity requirements in ordinary soil environments. However, the situation is quite different in permafrost regions. When the soil temperature drops below 0°C, the moisture in the soil freezes to form permafrost, causing a sharp increase in soil resistivity. Traditional grounding electrodes, due to their fixed structure, cannot adapt to this change. Unstable resistance fluctuations can severely affect the grounding effect of the power system, potentially preventing electrical equipment from promptly conducting current to the ground in the event of a fault, thus threatening equipment safety.

[0004] Currently, although there are some improved technologies for grounding problems in permafrost regions, most of them are only single-faceted improvements and lack systematic solutions. Some technologies focus on improving the conductivity of the grounding electrode, but fail to solve the reliability problem of the connection between the down conductor and the grounding electrode; while other technologies focus on improving the mechanical strength of the connection, but neglect the conductivity stability of the grounding electrode in low-temperature environments. As a result, the existing technologies have limited functionality and are difficult to meet the diverse needs of grounding systems in different climate zones and soil conditions.

[0005] In view of this, we propose a new lightning protection grounding device and method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel lightning protection grounding device and method to solve the technical problems that existing improvement technologies for grounding in permafrost areas are mostly single-aspect optimizations, or only improve the conductivity of the grounding electrode without solving the reliability problem of the connection part, or focus on improving the connection strength but ignore the low-temperature conductivity stability, resulting in single functionality and difficulty in meeting diverse needs.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a novel lightning protection grounding device and method, comprising a down-leading mechanism, a hydraulic damping mechanism, a dual-channel mechanism, and a protection mechanism, wherein the down-leading mechanism is disposed above the hydraulic damping mechanism, the lower part of the hydraulic damping mechanism is connected to the top of the dual-channel mechanism, and the protection mechanism is disposed outside the dual-channel mechanism;

[0008] The down conductor mechanism includes a down conductor and a first nut, wherein the first nut is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the down conductor, and the down conductor is used to conduct absorbed lightning.

[0009] A hydraulic damping mechanism includes a sliding assembly, a sealing assembly connected to the sliding assembly, a first lead screw, and a second nut, wherein the top of the sealing assembly is connected to the first lead screw, the bottom of the sliding assembly is connected to the second nut, and the sealing assembly is connected to the first nut via the first lead screw;

[0010] The dual-channel mechanism includes a grounding component, a metal connector located above the grounding component, a second lead screw located at the top of the metal connector, and a contact component, wherein the contact component is located outside the grounding component, the grounding component is used to switch to a dual-channel grounding mode when the temperature is too low, and the second lead screw is used to connect with a second nut;

[0011] The protective mechanism includes a connecting cover, a third nut connected to the connecting cover, a mounting plate, a sacrificial anode, and a third lead screw, wherein the third lead screw is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a plurality of sacrificial anodes, the sacrificial anodes are disposed above the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is located outside the third nut.

[0012] This invention can switch between different modes according to different environments. When the soil is at normal temperature, the grounding cylinder operates stably in single-channel mode, which can meet the grounding requirements of the power system in ordinary soil environments and ensure the safe and stable operation of electrical equipment. When the soil temperature is below 0°C, the device will automatically trigger dual-channel mode, causing the second spring to separate from the outer grounding tube, which greatly increases the current flow path and effectively overcomes the problem of high resistivity of frozen soil. This provides a solid guarantee for the safe operation of power equipment in cold environments. At the same time, the piston cylinder will automatically switch to low-temperature mode and absorb the deformation energy of the down conductor caused by the expansion of frozen soil to prevent connection breakage, further improving the safety and convenience of the device in different environmental conditions.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom end of the down conductor is fixedly connected to the first nut. The down conductor is used to be buried in the building surface. If it is difficult for the top of the building to conduct lightning, the top of the down conductor needs to be set on the top of the building. If the top of the building can conduct lightning, the down conductor only needs to be connected to the building.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing component is slidably connected inside the sliding component, the bottom end of the sliding component is fixedly connected to the second nut, and the top end of the sealing component is fixedly connected to the first lead screw. The sliding component and the sealing component cooperate to absorb the deformation energy of the down conductor.

[0015] The second nut is threaded onto the outside of the second lead screw.

[0016] Preferably, the top end of the grounding component is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the metal connector, the top end of the metal connector is fixedly connected to the second lead screw, the outer wall of the grounding component is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the contact component, and the grounding component is buried underground;

[0017] The contact assembly is used to ensure the connection between the grounding assembly and the sacrificial anode.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting cover adopts an outwardly flared trumpet-shaped design, the inner wall of the connecting cover is fixedly connected to the third nut, and an mounting plate is fixedly connected above the third nut. The mounting plate is annular, and the top of the mounting plate is threadedly connected to several third lead screws. The top ends of the several third lead screws are respectively fixedly connected to several sacrificial anodes.

[0019] The connecting cover is threadedly connected to the grounding assembly via a third nut. The top of the sacrificial anode overlaps with the contact assembly, and the outer wall of the sacrificial anode overlaps with the outer wall of the contact assembly.

[0020] Preferably, the sliding assembly includes a metal connecting slide plate, a piston is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the metal connecting slide plate, a first spring is fixedly connected above the piston, the first spring is sleeved on the outside of the metal connecting slide plate, and the first spring is a shape memory alloy spring;

[0021] The piston is slidably connected within the sealing assembly, and the top end of the first spring is fixedly connected within the sealing assembly.

[0022] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes a piston cylinder, which is filled with antifreeze. An isolation plate is fixedly connected inside the piston cylinder. Several through holes are opened on the top of the isolation plate. Sealing rings are fixedly connected above and below the isolation plate. Several sliding sleeves are fixedly connected to the outside of the piston cylinder. Insert rods are slidably connected inside each of the sliding sleeves. A limit plate is fixedly connected to one end of each of the insert rods inside the piston cylinder. The limit plate is used to prevent the insert rods from sliding out of the piston cylinder.

[0023] The bottom end of the piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the second nut, the piston is slidably connected inside the piston cylinder, and the top end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the piston cylinder.

[0024] Preferably, the grounding assembly includes a grounding cylinder with a placement groove inside. The placement groove is spiral-shaped. Two sets of spiral guide plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grounding cylinder. A second spring is fixedly connected inside the grounding cylinder and is located in the placement groove. A threaded groove is provided on the outer wall below the grounding cylinder.

[0025] The grounding cylinder is threadedly connected to the third nut via a threaded groove. The top of the grounding cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the metal connector, and the contact assembly is fixedly connected to the outside of the grounding cylinder.

[0026] Preferably, the grounding cylinder includes a current-guiding sleeve, and a top plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the current-guiding sleeve;

[0027] The current-guiding sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside of the grounding cylinder. The outer wall of the current-guiding sleeve overlaps with the sacrificial anode, and the lower part of the top plate overlaps with the top of the sacrificial anode.

[0028] A method for using a novel lightning protection grounding device includes the following steps:

[0029] S1. In use, the lead wire and the metal connecting plate are connected by the first nut, and the piston cylinder and the metal connecting piece are connected by the second nut and the second screw. Finally, the connecting cover is installed outside the grounding cylinder by the third nut.

[0030] S2. The piston cylinder and grounding cylinder can be put into use after being buried underground. When the soil temperature is above 0℃ and below 0℃, the hydraulic damping mechanism and the dual-channel mechanism will also change respectively.

[0031] S2.1 When the soil temperature is below 0℃, the second spring of the shape memory alloy contracts, the outer grounding cylinder separates from the inner second spring, forming a dual-channel conductive structure. At the same time, when the soil temperature drops below 0℃, the pore water begins to freeze, and the frost heave force directly pulls the down conductor, generating axial tensile stress. At this time, the antifreeze flows slowly through the through hole, absorbing deformation energy.

[0032] S2.2 When the soil temperature is above 0℃, the inner second spring is in a compressed state and fits the placement groove at room temperature because the outer tube wall has a spiral placement groove. At this time, it is a single-channel conductive mode. When the soil temperature rises back to above 0℃, the frozen soil contracts, and the first spring pushes the piston to reset, maintaining a constant connection tension.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] 1. This invention, through the design of a hydraulic damping mechanism and a dual-channel mechanism, allows the grounding cylinder to operate stably in single-channel mode when the soil is at normal temperature, meeting the grounding requirements of power systems in ordinary soil environments and ensuring the safe and stable operation of electrical equipment. When the soil temperature is below 0℃, the device will automatically trigger the dual-channel mode, causing the second spring to separate from the outer grounding tube, significantly increasing the current flow path and effectively overcoming the problem of high resistivity in frozen soil. This provides a solid guarantee for the safe operation of power equipment in cold environments. At the same time, the piston cylinder will automatically switch to low-temperature mode and absorb the deformation energy of the down conductor caused by the expansion of frozen soil, preventing connection breakage and further improving the safety and convenience of the device in different environmental conditions.

[0035] 2. This invention also incorporates a second spring and a grounding cylinder. After the device is buried underground and put into use, when the soil temperature drops below 0°C, the second spring contracts due to the low temperature. Simultaneously, the frozen soil expands and pulls the down conductor, generating axial tensile stress. At this time, the antifreeze slowly flows through the through hole to the top of the isolation plate. The air and antifreeze below the isolation plate gradually decrease, and the insertion rod gradually retracts into the piston cylinder under pressure. The second spring gradually detaches from the placement groove, forming a uniform gap with the threaded guide plate in the grounding cylinder. Utilizing the low resistance characteristics of the second spring, dual-path current shunting can be achieved, reducing the overall grounding resistance. First, the contraction of the second spring at low temperatures triggers structural changes, automatically optimizing the conductive path to adapt to the frozen soil environment. Second, even if the second spring reduces contact with the outer tube due to low-temperature contraction, the placement groove of the grounding cylinder can still ensure conductive continuity. Finally, the second spring is isolated from the soil, reducing the risk of corrosion of the nickel-titanium alloy in the soil and ensuring the service life of the device.

[0036] 3. This invention also incorporates a grounding cylinder and a piston cylinder. When the soil temperature is above 0°C, the second spring expands due to the increased temperature until it re-adheres to the placement groove. At this point, the grounding cylinder switches to a single-channel mode. Simultaneously, under the action of the first spring's elasticity, the piston gradually resets, the internal pressure of the piston cylinder recovers, and several insertion rods slide out of the piston cylinder and insert into the soil again. On the one hand, the single-channel conductivity is stable, making it suitable for ordinary soil environments. On the other hand, since the soil becomes softer after the temperature rises, and the insertion rods will also be displaced from the piston cylinder as the temperature increases, this provides a secondary positioning effect for the device, preventing the device from shifting due to soil contraction and expansion. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dual-channel mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the grounding component of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-channel state cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the grounding component of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the protective mechanism of the present invention.

[0045] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0046] 1. Lowering mechanism; 2. Hydraulic damping mechanism; 3. Dual-channel mechanism; 4. Protection mechanism;

[0047] 11. Down conductor; 12. First nut;

[0048] 21. Sliding assembly; 22. Sealing assembly; 23. First lead screw; 24. Second nut;

[0049] 31. Grounding assembly; 32. Metal connector; 33. Second lead screw; 34. Contact assembly;

[0050] 41. Connecting cover; 42. Third nut; 43. Mounting plate; 44. Sacrificial anode; 45. Third lead screw;

[0051] 211. Metal connecting slide plate; 212. Piston; 213. First spring;

[0052] 221. Piston cylinder; 222. Antifreeze; 223. Isolation plate; 224. Sealing ring; 225. Through hole; 226. Sliding sleeve; 227. Insert rod; 228. Limiting plate;

[0053] 311. Grounding cylinder; 312. Placement slot; 313. Spiral guide plate; 314. Second spring; 315. Threaded groove;

[0054] 341. Guide sleeve; 342. Top plate. Detailed Implementation

[0055] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, the present invention relates to a novel lightning protection grounding device and method, comprising a down-leading mechanism 1, a hydraulic damping mechanism 2, a dual-channel mechanism 3, and a protection mechanism 4. The down-leading mechanism 1 is positioned above the hydraulic damping mechanism 2, and the lower part of the hydraulic damping mechanism 2 is connected to the top of the dual-channel mechanism 3. The protection mechanism 4 is positioned outside the dual-channel mechanism 3. The down-leading mechanism 1 includes a down-lead wire 11 and a first nut 12, wherein the first nut 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the down-lead wire 11, which is used to conduct absorbed lightning. The hydraulic damping mechanism 2 includes a sliding assembly 21 and a sliding assembly... The sliding assembly 21 is connected to a sealing component 22, a first lead screw 23, and a second nut 24. The top of the sealing component 22 is connected to the first lead screw 23, and the bottom of the sliding assembly 21 is connected to the second nut 24. The sealing component 22 is connected to the first nut 12 via the first lead screw 23. The dual-channel mechanism 3 includes a grounding component 31, a metal connector 32 located above the grounding component 31, a second lead screw 33 located at the top of the metal connector 32, and a contact component 34. The contact component 34 is located outside the grounding component 31. The grounding component 31 is used to switch to dual-channel mode in case of excessively low temperatures. In the grounding configuration, the second lead screw 33 is used to connect with the second nut 24. The protection mechanism 4 includes a connecting cover 41, a third nut 42 connected to the connecting cover 41, a mounting plate 43, sacrificial anodes 44, and a third lead screw 45. The third lead screw 45 is fixedly connected to the bottom ends of several sacrificial anodes 44, which are positioned above the mounting plate 43. The mounting plate 43 is located outside the third nut 42. By designing a hydraulic damping mechanism 2 and a dual-channel mechanism 3, when the soil is at normal temperature, the grounding cylinder 311 operates stably in single-channel mode, which can meet the requirements of power systems in ordinary soil environments. To meet the grounding requirements and ensure the safe and stable operation of electrical equipment, when the soil temperature is below 0℃, the device will automatically trigger the dual-channel mode, causing the second spring 314 to separate from the outer grounding pipe, which greatly increases the current flow path and effectively overcomes the problem of high resistivity of frozen soil. This provides a solid guarantee for the safe operation of power equipment in cold environments. At the same time, the piston cylinder 221 will automatically switch to low-temperature mode and absorb the deformation energy of the down conductor 11 caused by the expansion of frozen soil, preventing connection breakage and further improving the safety and convenience of the device in different environmental conditions.

[0056] In an embodiment of the invention, the bottom end of the down conductor 11 is fixedly connected to the first nut 12. The down conductor 11 is used to be buried in the building surface. If the top of the building is difficult to conduct lightning, the top of the down conductor 11 needs to be set on the top of the building. If the top of the building can conduct lightning, the down conductor 11 only needs to be connected to the building. The sealing component 22 is slidably connected in the sliding component 21. The bottom end of the sliding component 21 is fixedly connected to the second nut 24. The top end of the sealing component 22 is fixedly connected to the first lead screw 23. The sliding component 21 and the sealing component 22 cooperate to absorb the deformation energy of the down conductor 11. The second nut 24 is threadedly connected to the outside of the second lead screw 33. By designing the grounding cylinder 311 and the piston cylinder 221, when the soil temperature is high... At 0℃, the second spring 314 expands due to the temperature rise until it re-adheres to the placement groove 312. At this time, the grounding cylinder 311 switches to single-channel mode. Simultaneously, under the action of the elastic force of the first spring 213, the piston 212 gradually returns to its original position, the internal pressure of the piston cylinder 221 is restored, and several insertion rods 227 slide out of the piston cylinder 221 and are inserted into the soil. On the one hand, the single-channel conductivity is stable and suitable for ordinary soil environments. On the other hand, since the soil is softer after the temperature rises, and the insertion rods 227 will also be discharged from the piston cylinder 221 as the temperature rises, the device will achieve a secondary positioning effect, avoiding the device from shifting due to the contraction and expansion of the soil.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present invention, the top end of the grounding component 31 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the metal connector 32, the top end of the metal connector 32 is fixedly connected to the second lead screw 33, the outer wall of the grounding component 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the contact component 34, the grounding component 31 is buried underground, the contact component 34 is used to ensure the connection effect between the grounding component 31 and the sacrificial anode 44, the connecting cover 41 adopts an outwardly flared trumpet-shaped design, the inner wall of the connecting cover 41 is fixedly connected to the third nut 42, and a mounting plate 43 is fixedly connected above the third nut 42. The mounting plate 43 is annular. The plate 43 is threadedly connected to several third screws 45 at its top. The top ends of the third screws 45 are respectively fixedly connected to several sacrificial anodes 44. The connecting cover 41 is threadedly connected to the grounding component 31 through a third nut 42. The top end of the sacrificial anode 44 overlaps with the contact component 34, and the outer wall of the sacrificial anode 44 overlaps with the outer wall of the contact component 34. Because sacrificial anodes 44 are used, compared with traditional anti-corrosion methods, the coating relies on physical isolation. Once the coating is damaged, corrosion will be accelerated. However, sacrificial anodes 44 do not require power and automatically adjust the protective current, making them suitable for complex environments.

[0058] By setting the sacrificial anode 44 to a magnesium alloy, which has a lower potential and preferentially loses electrons to undergo oxidation, the loss of electrons in the protected metal is suppressed. Furthermore, the magnesium alloy has strong low-temperature resistance and maintains stable electrochemical performance in the range of -50℃ to +60℃, making it suitable for extreme climates such as polar regions and plateaus. This ensures the safety and protective effect of the device in permafrost regions.

[0059] In another embodiment of the present invention, the sliding component 21 includes a metal connecting slide plate 211. A piston 212 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the metal connecting slide plate 211, and a first spring 213 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston 212. The first spring 213 is sleeved on the outside of the metal connecting slide plate 211. The first spring 213 is a shape memory alloy spring. The piston 212 is slidably connected inside the sealing component 22, and the top end of the first spring 213 is fixedly connected inside the sealing component 22. Because of the first spring 213, when the frozen soil contracts, the first spring 213 will push the piston 212 to reset, maintaining a constant connection tension. Moreover, due to the influence of external environmental factors in the frozen soil area, the down conductor 11 generates high-frequency vibration. Traditional rigid connections cannot effectively filter these high-frequency vibrations, and the vibration energy will be transmitted to the connection point, causing microcracks in the connection part. The dynamic adjustment mechanism of the first spring 213 pushing the piston 212 to reset can play a buffering role, absorbing and dispersing some vibration energy, filtering out high-frequency vibrations, and reducing the probability of microcracks.

[0060] The sealing assembly 22 includes a piston cylinder 221, which contains antifreeze 222. An isolation plate 223 is fixedly connected inside the piston cylinder 221. Several through holes 225 are formed on the top of the isolation plate 223. Sealing rings 224 are fixedly connected above and below the isolation plate 223. Several sliding sleeves 226 are fixedly connected to the outside of the piston 212 cylinder. Insert rods 227 are slidably connected within each of the sliding sleeves 226. Limiting plates 228 are fixedly connected to one end of each insert rod 227 inside the piston cylinder 221 to prevent the insert rods 227 from sliding out of the piston cylinder 221. The bottom end of the piston cylinder 221 is fixedly connected to a second nut 24. The piston 212 is slidably connected to the piston cylinder 221. Inside the piston cylinder 221, the top of the first spring 213 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the piston cylinder 221. Frozen soil has the characteristics of frost heave and contraction. When it frosts, it will generate tension on the down conductor 11. When it contracts, if there is no corresponding adjustment mechanism, the down conductor 11 will be in a relaxed state due to the sudden loss of tension. When it frosts again, it will bear huge tension. This repeated stress change can easily lead to fatigue fracture at the connection between the down conductor 11 and the grounding electrode. The first spring 213 pushes the piston 212 to reset and maintain constant connection tension, so that the connection part is always in a stable stress state. This effectively eliminates the risk of fracture caused by the frost heave and contraction cycle of traditional rigid connection, greatly reduces the annual fracture rate, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the grounding system.

[0061] In another embodiment of the present invention, the grounding assembly 31 includes a grounding cylinder 311, with a placement groove 312 inside the grounding cylinder 311. The placement groove 312 is spiral-shaped. Two sets of spiral guide plates 313 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grounding cylinder 311. A second spring 314 is fixedly connected inside the grounding cylinder 311 and is located inside the placement groove 312. A threaded groove 315 is provided on the lower outer wall of the grounding cylinder 311. The grounding cylinder 311 is threadedly connected to a third nut 42 through the threaded groove 315. The upper part of the grounding cylinder 311 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the metal connector 32. A contact assembly 34 is fixedly connected to the outside of the grounding cylinder 311. The grounding cylinder 311 includes a current-guiding sleeve 341. A top plate 342 is fixedly connected, and a current-guiding sleeve 341 is fixedly connected to the outside of the grounding cylinder 311. The outer wall of the current-guiding sleeve 341 overlaps with the sacrificial anode 44, and the bottom of the top plate 342 overlaps with the top of the sacrificial anode 44. Due to the presence of a connecting cover 41, the current density of the traditional straight-cylinder grounding cylinder 311 is concentrated at the bottom, which easily forms a "current bottleneck", leading to local overheating and increased resistance. By setting a connecting cover 41 at the bottom of the grounding cylinder 311, and the shape of the connecting cover 41 is an outwardly expanding horn shape, the current is gradually dispersed from the top to the bottom, forming a more uniform current dissipation path and reducing local resistance peaks. Thus, by optimizing the contact form between the grounding cylinder 311 and the soil, its electrical performance and long-term stability are improved.

[0062] By utilizing the low resistance characteristics of the second spring 314, the device can achieve dual-path current shunting and reduce the overall grounding resistance. First, at low temperatures, the contraction of the second spring 314 triggers structural changes, automatically optimizing the conductive path to adapt to the frozen soil environment. Second, even if the second spring 314 reduces its contact with the outer tube due to low-temperature contraction, the placement groove 312 of the grounding cylinder 311 can still ensure conductive continuity. Finally, the second spring 314 is isolated from the soil, reducing the risk of corrosion of the nickel-titanium alloy in the soil and ensuring the service life of the device.

[0063] Working principle: This embodiment provides a novel lightning protection grounding device and method. In use, the down conductor 11 and the metal connecting plate 211 are connected by the first nut 12, and the piston cylinder 221 is connected to the metal connector 32 by the second nut 24 and the second lead screw 33. Finally, the connecting cover 41 is installed outside the grounding cylinder 311 by the third nut 42.

[0064] When the device is buried underground and put into use, when the soil temperature drops below 0°C, the second spring 314 contracts due to the temperature drop. At the same time, the frozen soil expands and pulls the down conductor 11, generating axial tensile stress. The antifreeze 222 flows slowly through the through hole 225 and flows through the through hole 225 to the top of the isolation plate 223. At this time, the air and antifreeze 222 below the isolation plate 223 slowly decrease, and the insertion rod 227 will gradually retract into the piston cylinder 221 under pressure. The second spring 314 gradually disengages from the placement groove 312 and has a uniform gap with the threaded guide plate in the grounding cylinder 311, forming a gap space.

[0065] When the soil temperature is above 0℃, the second spring 314 expands due to the temperature rise until the second spring 314 is in contact with the placement groove 312 again. At this time, the grounding cylinder 311 switches to single-channel mode. At the same time, under the action of the elastic force of the first spring 213, the piston 212 gradually returns to its original position, the internal pressure of the piston cylinder 221 is restored, and several insertion rods 227 will slide out of the piston cylinder 221 again and be inserted into the soil.

[0066] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A novel lightning protection grounding device, characterized by, Including leading mechanism (1), hydraulic damping mechanism (2), double channel mechanism (3) and protection mechanism (4), wherein the leading mechanism (1) is arranged above the hydraulic damping mechanism (2), the lower side of the hydraulic damping mechanism (2) is connected with the top of the double channel mechanism (3), and the protection mechanism (4) is arranged outside the double channel mechanism (3); The leading mechanism (1) includes a leading wire (11) and a first nut (12), wherein the first nut (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the leading wire (11), and the leading wire (11) is used for conducting the absorbed lightning; The hydraulic damping mechanism (2) includes a sliding assembly (21), a sealing assembly (22) connected with the sliding assembly (21), a first screw rod (23) and a second nut (24), wherein the top of the sealing assembly (22) is connected with the first screw rod (23), the lower side of the sliding assembly (21) is connected with the second nut (24), and the sealing assembly (22) is connected with the first nut (12) through the first screw rod (23); The double channel mechanism (3) includes a grounding assembly (31), a metal connecting piece (32) located above the grounding assembly (31), a second screw rod (33) located at the top end of the metal connecting piece (32) and a contact assembly (34), wherein the contact assembly (34) is located outside the grounding assembly (31), the grounding assembly (31) is used for switching to a double channel grounding mode in the case of excessively low temperature, and the second screw rod (33) is used for being connected with the second nut (24); The protection mechanism (4) includes a connecting cover (41), a third nut (42) connected with the connecting cover (41), a mounting plate (43), a sacrificial anode (44) and a third screw rod (45), wherein the third screw rod (45) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the plurality of sacrificial anodes (44), the sacrificial anode (44) is arranged above the mounting plate (43), and the mounting plate (43) is located outside the third nut (42).

2. The lightning protection grounding device according to claim 1, wherein The bottom end of the leading wire (11) is fixedly connected with the first nut (12), the leading wire (11) is used for being buried in the building surface layer, if the building top is difficult to conduct lightning, the top of the leading wire (11) needs to be arranged on the building top, and if the building top can conduct lightning, the leading wire (11) only needs to be connected with the building.

3. The novel lightning protection grounding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing assembly (22) is slidably connected in the sliding assembly (21), the bottom end of the sliding assembly (21) is fixedly connected with the second nut (24), the top end of the sealing assembly (22) is fixedly connected with the first screw rod (23), and the sliding assembly (21) and the sealing assembly (22) cooperate to absorb the deformation energy of the leading wire (11); The second nut (24) is threadedly connected outside the second screw rod (33).

4. The novel lightning protection grounding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top end of the grounding assembly (31) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the metal connecting piece (32), the top end of the metal connecting piece (32) is fixedly connected with the second screw rod (33), the outer wall of the grounding assembly (31) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the contact assembly (34), and the grounding assembly (31) is buried underground. The contact assembly (34) is used to ensure the connecting effect of the grounding assembly (31) and the sacrificial anode (44).

5. The novel lightning protection grounding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting cover (41) is designed in an outwardly expanded horn shape, the inner wall of the connecting cover (41) is fixedly connected with the third nut (42), the upper portion of the third nut (42) is fixedly connected with the mounting plate (43), the mounting plate (43) is annular, the upper portion of the mounting plate (43) is threadedly connected with the third lead screws (45), the top ends of the third lead screws (45) are respectively fixedly connected with the sacrificial anodes (44). The connecting cover (41) is threadedly connected with the third nut (42) outside the grounding assembly (31), the top end of the sacrificial anode (44) is overlapped with the contact assembly (34), and the outer wall of the sacrificial anode (44) is overlapped with the outer wall of the contact assembly (34).

6. The novel lightning protection grounding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sliding assembly (21) comprises a metal connecting sliding plate (211), the bottom end of the metal connecting sliding plate (211) is fixedly connected with a piston (212), the upper portion of the piston (212) is fixedly connected with a first spring (213), the first spring (213) is sleeved outside the metal connecting sliding plate (211), and the first spring (213) is a memory alloy spring. The piston (212) is slidingly connected in the sealing assembly (22), and the top end of the first spring (213) is fixedly connected in the sealing assembly (22).

7. The novel lightning protection grounding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sealing assembly (22) comprises a piston cylinder (221), the piston cylinder (221) is provided with anti-freezing liquid (222) therein, the piston cylinder (221) is fixedly connected with a partition plate (223) therein, a plurality of through holes (225) are formed in the upper portion of the partition plate (223), the upper portion and the lower portion of the partition plate (223) are fixedly connected with sealing rings (224), a plurality of sliding sleeves (226) are fixedly connected to the outer cylinder of the piston (212), a plurality of plug rods (227) are slidingly connected in the sliding sleeves (226), one end of each of the plug rods (227) located in the piston cylinder (221) is fixedly connected with a limiting plate (228), and the limiting plate (228) is used to prevent the plug rod (227) from sliding out of the piston cylinder (221). The bottom end of the piston cylinder (221) is fixedly connected with the second nut (24), the piston (212) is slidingly connected in the piston cylinder (221), and the top end of the first spring (213) is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the inner wall of the piston cylinder (221).

8. The novel lightning protection grounding device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The grounding assembly (31) comprises a grounding cylinder (311), the grounding cylinder (311) is provided with a placing groove (312) therein, the placing groove (312) is spiral-shaped, the inner wall of the grounding cylinder (311) is fixedly connected with two groups of spiral guide plates (313), the grounding cylinder (311) is fixedly connected with a second spring (314) therein, the second spring (314) is located in the placing groove (312), and the outer wall of the lower portion of the grounding cylinder (311) is provided with a threaded groove (315). The grounding cylinder (311) is threadedly connected with the third nut (42) through a threaded groove (315), the upper portion of the grounding cylinder (311) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the metal connecting piece (32), and the contact assembly (34) is fixedly connected outside the grounding cylinder (311).

9. The novel lightning protection grounding device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The grounding cylinder (311) comprises a flow guide sleeve (341), and the flow guide sleeve (341) is fixedly connected with a top plate (342) outside. The flow guide sleeve (341) is fixedly connected outside the grounding cylinder (311), the outer wall of the flow guide sleeve (341) is overlapped with the sacrificial anode (44), and the bottom of the top plate (342) is overlapped with the top end of the sacrificial anode (44).

10. A method of using a new lightning protection grounding device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The following use steps are included: S1, in use, the down conductor (11) and the metal connecting slide plate (211) are connected through the first nut (12), the piston cylinder (221) and the metal connecting piece (32) are connected through the second nut (24) and the second screw rod (33), and finally the connecting cover (41) is installed outside the grounding cylinder (311) through the third nut (42); S2, the piston cylinder (221) and the grounding cylinder (311) are buried in the ground, and the hydraulic damping mechanism (2) and the double-channel mechanism (3) will change respectively when the soil temperature is higher than 0℃ and lower than 0℃; S2.1, when the soil temperature is lower than 0℃, the second spring (314) of the memory alloy contracts, the outer grounding cylinder (311) is separated from the inner second spring (314), a double-channel conductive structure is formed, at the same time, when the soil temperature is below 0℃, the pore water begins to freeze, the frost heaving force directly pulls the down conductor (11), axial tensile stress is generated, at this time, the anti-freezing liquid (222) slowly flows through the through hole (225) and absorbs deformation energy; S2.2, when the soil temperature is higher than 0℃, since the outer tube wall is provided with a spiral placing groove (312), the second spring (314) in the inner layer is in a compressed state at normal temperature and is placed in the placing groove (312), at this time, it is a single-channel conductive mode, and when the soil temperature rises to above 0℃, the frozen soil shrinks, the first spring (213) pushes the piston (212) to reset, and the connection tension is kept constant.

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