Method and apparatus for producing building aggregates

Abstract

A method and apparatus for producing building aggregate comprising the steps of: feeding a first material and a second material to a processing device, where the first material is a native material and the second material is a recycled material; and cleaning the first material together with the second material in at least one cleaning machine of the processing apparatus.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing construction aggregates from virgin and recycled materials. BACKGROUND

[0002] The use of recycled materials in construction, as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to traditional construction aggregates, is increasingly popular. The use of recycled material-containing concrete has a variety of benefits, including environmental benefits, cost savings, durability, and reduced demand for virgin materials. The use of virgin materials is often scrutinized in the context of resource extraction and environmental sustainability due to the environmental impact of their extraction and processing. As a result, there is an increasing emphasis on recycling and reusing materials to minimize the need for virgin material extraction. The separation of recycled materials and the subsequent supply of virgin materials also results in resource depletion, habitat destruction, and higher energy consumption. The use of concrete produced from a mixture of recycled and virgin materials has proven to be a viable option for various construction applications, including roads, bridges, and buildings. Recycled material-containing concrete reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills, which in turn reduces greenhouse gas emissions and conserves natural resources such as sand, water, and energy. The use of concrete in which recycled materials serve as construction aggregates can be more cost-effective than the use of new materials because it can reduce the need for new materials and lower transportation costs. Recycled material-containing concrete can be as durable and strong as new concrete, making it a suitable alternative material for a variety of construction applications. The use of recycled concrete reduces the demand for virgin materials, which can help conserve natural resources and reduce the environmental impact associated with the extraction and processing of these materials. Overall, the use of recycled materials is a sustainable and cost-effective option for construction projects, with numerous benefits for the environment and the economy.

[0003] When recycled materials are used for construction aggregates, only coarse aggregates of >4 mm or >2 mm are used. As a result, aggregates of <2 mm or <4 mm are separated and removed from the recycled materials in a separate processing step. The separated fractions are then transported away and landfilled. In order to produce recycled concrete and / or concrete, virgin materials of particle size <4 mm must be added to the concrete aggregates. As a result, the processes known in the prior art are not cost-effective, efficient, energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, sustainable, or do not provide good quality. SUMMARY

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for producing more cost-effective, efficient, energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable construction aggregates for use in concrete, which have a high quality.

[0005] The solution to the problem is described in the independent claims. The dependent claims relate to further improvements of the application.

[0006] The present application is based on the observation that it is disadvantageous to separate and remove < 2 mm and / or < 4 mm aggregates from the recycled material, because the fraction removed in this process has to be transported, landfilled, and has to be replaced by expensive virgin sand when producing concrete aggregates.

[0007] The first embodiment relates to a method of producing construction aggregates. The construction aggregates can comprise at least one material, such as sand, gravel, crushed stone, and recycled concrete. The construction aggregates can be aggregates of mineral or mineral-like substances.

[0008] According to the present method, the first material and the second material are mixed. The first material can be washed together with the second material in at least one washing machine. Washing the first material together with the second material in at least one washing machine has the effect that the washable components of the first material and the second material are removed together in the same process step. If the washable components are present in large amounts, the washable components can have a destructive effect on the concrete. Therefore, removing the washable components is important for the quality and usability of the construction aggregates. Washing the first material together with the second material in at least one washing machine also has the advantage that the washable components of the first material and the second material can be removed together, resulting in a homogenous material with uniform material properties. These properties are also important for the quality of the construction aggregates. Washing the first material together with the second material in at least one washing machine can also improve the quality and usability of the material and can ensure that the material meets the desired quality standards for further processing or end use. Furthermore, no material has to be removed, transported, and / or landfilled in addition to the washable components, and no additional virgin material has to be supplied. This minimizes the use of virgin materials and minimizes the need for material landfill and / or material transportation, thereby minimizing resource depletion, habitat destruction, and energy consumption. Therefore, the process is cost-effective, efficient, energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable, and does not sacrifice product quality. Efficiency and energy efficiency play a large role in environmental friendliness and sustainability. Therefore, improving efficiency and / or energy efficiency always means improving environmental friendliness and sustainability as well.

[0009] The washing machine can be a device that cleans and / or washes material using a liquid medium such as water. The washing machine in this document can be a piece of equipment for cleaning and removing impurities or washable components such as clay, loam and / or contaminating admixtures such as wood and metal or other unwanted materials. This is achieved by a process involving water and preferably mechanical action to remove said impurities or washable components. The washing machine in this document can be a washing system, washing device or washing machine and is suitable for washing the materials described herein. Washing can be a treatment process, for example cleaning by a solvent or liquid such as water. The washing machine can be a gravel washing machine and / or sand washing machine and / or a chute washing machine. The washing machine can comprise a feeder, at least one screen, a water supply. The term washing machine must not be confused with a flat washer, gasket or grommet.

[0010] The first material and the second material can be fed to the processing device. The first material and the second material can be mixed before or after being fed to the processing device. The first material and the second material can be mixed by the wheel loader. The first material and the second material can be mixed in a stockpile mixture. The wheel loader can heap the first material and the second material in a predetermined ratio into a stockpile. The wheel loader can mix the heaped material. The first material and the second material can be mixed by feeding the first material and the second material to the processing device. The first material and the second material can be mixed by at least one sizing machine and / or by at least one washing machine. The first material and the second material can be mixed by a forced mixer.

[0011] The construction aggregate can be a bulk material. The processing device can be a gravel processing device and / or a sand processing device and / or a crushed stone processing device and / or a machine for quarrying operations. The first material and the second material can be fed to the processing device as a common mass flow and / or as a mixed material. The first material and the second material can be fed to the processing device by a conveyor. The first material and the second material can be fed to a processing device feed opening of the processing device. The processing device feed opening can be a feed hopper, a chute or the processing device itself. The processing device can comprise a washing machine.

[0012] The first material can be virgin material. The term virgin material refers to raw material and / or natural material that has not been previously used or processed. These materials can be mined directly from natural resources or in their natural state. The material can be mined or obtained in its natural form directly from a natural deposit such as a quarry or riverbed and the material has not been subjected to any recycling, re-use or reprocessing. The term virgin material in this document is not to be confused with virgin plastic or virgin polymer or any virgin material used in the field of polymers. The virgin material can have a sedimentary and / or igneous and / or metamorphic and / or clastic and / or hydrothermal origin. The virgin material can have one or more origins and can include sedimentary and / or sedimentary material and / or igneous and / or metamorphic and / or clastic and / or hydrothermal rock. The virgin material can also have only a single origin. The virgin material can be a natural material or a natural building material. The terms natural material and natural building material can be used interchangeably. The virgin material can include rock and / or stone, and / or gravel and / or sand, and / or fragments of rock and / or stone, wherein the rock and / or stone and / or gravel and / or sand can be a solid mass or aggregate of any naturally occurring mineral or mineral-like substance. The virgin material can also include other naturally occurring materials such as soil or organic material. The virgin material can be rock and / or stone, and / or fragments of rock and / or stone, wherein the rock and / or stone. The virgin material can include pebbles, rubble, gravel, sand, silt and / or clay. The virgin material can include a particle size in the range of 0 - 200 mm. In embodiments, the virgin material can include a particle size of 0 - 63 mm. As known in the art, the particle size range can be described as d - D or alternatively as d / D. Typically, the grading range is specified as d / D, wherein d indicates the smallest square mesh grid through which the particles can pass and D indicates the largest square mesh grid through which the particles can pass. As an example, the particle size range 0 - 63 mm can also be described as 0 / 63. In embodiments, the virgin material can include a particle size of 0 / 22, 0 / 45 or 0 / 63.

[0013] The second material can be a recycled material. The recycled material can be a material that has been used, such as used as a construction material. The recycled material can comprise artificial stone, and / or fragments of artificial stone, and / or concrete. The recycled material can be limited to artificial stone, and / or fragments of artificial stone, and / or concrete. The recycled material can also comprise residual construction materials, such as steel, metals, metal compounds, metal-containing compounds. There can be small amounts of plastics and other materials less than 1%. The recycled material can be artificial stone. Artificial stone can be made from a mixture of aggregates and cement stone as a binder. Artificial stone can be artificially synthesized conglomerate and / or breccia. Artificial stone can be concrete and / or crushed concrete. Artificial stone can be a mixture of at least two of the above-mentioned materials. Artificial stone can be a mixture of aggregates, and / or a mixture of aggregates and cement stone, for example as a binder, and / or artificially synthesized conglomerate and / or breccia, and / or concrete, and / or crushed concrete. Artificial stone can also be referred to as artificial rock. The recycled material can be recycled aggregates and / or recycled artificial stone, i.e. construction waste or demolition rubble, such as concrete and / or crushed concrete. The second material can not include or comprise household waste and / or domestic waste. The second material can not include household waste incinerator slag and / or domestic waste incinerator slag. The recycled material does not include or comprise household garbage or household garbage incinerator slag. Domestic garbage can be any waste produced in a domestic environment, as known in the art.

[0014] The second material can also be and / or comprise masonry, crushed masonry, such as bricks, tiles or artificial stone or mixtures thereof. The second material can comprise a particle size of less than at least one of 4 mm, 2 mm or 1 mm. The particle size can be in the range of 0 - 200 mm. In embodiments, the recycled material can comprise a particle size of 0 / 22, 0 / 45 or 0 / 63.

[0015] The first material can be washed together with the second material in at least one washing machine. The at least one washing machine can be a washing machine of the treatment device. The first material can be washed together with the second material in at least one washing machine of the treatment device. The first material and the second material can be mixed before or during washing. The first material and the second material can be washed in the at least one washing machine as a mixture or as a common mass flow. The entire particle size fraction of the first material and the second material can be washed in the at least one washing machine, or only the particle size fraction 0 / 2 mm, 0 / 3 mm or 0 / 4 mm can be washed in the at least one washing machine.

[0016] The at least one washing machine can remove and elutriate the following constituents, such as clay and soil and / or contaminating admixtures, such as wood and metal. In this context, elutriated material can be defined as material that can be separated or removed by washing. These constituents can be described as elutriable constituents. Elutriable constituents can be constituents that can be elutriated and / or are elutriated. Elutriable constituents can be constituents that are separated and / or removed by washing. Elutriable constituents can be solids or particles in a mixture that can be removed by an elutriation process. In this process, the particles and / or constituents are separated and washed out by flushing or washing to separate them from the remaining constituents of the mixture. The first material and the second material can comprise finely distributed clay substances and / or fine aggregate powder, which are present in the form of nodules in the aggregate or attached to the particles. These constituents can also be described as elutriable constituents. If present in large quantities, these constituents can have a damaging effect on the concrete. Therefore, the removal of elutriable constituents is important for the quality of the construction aggregate. This has the advantage that the elutriable constituents of the first material and the second material can be removed together, resulting in a homogeneous material with uniform material properties. These properties are also important for the quality of the construction aggregate. Washing the first material and the second material together in the at least one washing machine can also improve the quality and availability of the material and can ensure that the material meets the desired quality standards for further processing or end use. Furthermore, no material has to be removed in addition to the elutriable constituents, nor is there a need to supply additional virgin material. Therefore, resource depletion, habitat destruction and energy consumption are minimized, making the process environmentally friendly and more sustainable without sacrificing product quality.

[0017] A predetermined quality ratio of the quality of the first material and the quality of the second material can be established before or during the feeding of the first material and the second material to the processing device.

[0018] The predetermined mass ratio of the mass of the first material and the mass of the second material can be established before or during the feeding of the first material and the second material to the processing device. The mass ratio can be established in wt% (weight percent) or vol% (volume percent). The mass ratio of the first material and / or the second material can be adjusted and / or controlled. The mass ratio can be adjusted by feeding the first material and the second material in different proportions and / or feeding speeds. Thus, the mass ratio can be dynamically adjusted according to predetermined purposes. The mass ratio can be measured by at least one mass measuring device, which can be a weigher or a weighing machine. Furthermore, the weight can be estimated by the volume of the first material or the second material, for example the volume carried by the wheel loader or the volume of the material pile. For example, if the wheel loader piles eight scoops of the first material and two scoops of the second material into one pile, the pile can contain 20% of the second material. Predetermining the mass ratio has the advantage that the quality of the product can be defined at an early stage and / or the properties and / or composition of the materials can be adapted to the intended use and / or purpose.

[0019] The mass ratio of the first material and / or the second material can be adjusted such that the combined mass flow of the two materials comprises any percentage of 1% - 5%, 5% - 10%, 10% - 15%, 15% - 20% or 20% - 99% of the second material. Any percentage of 20% - 99% can comprise 20% - 25%, 25% - 30%, 30% - 35%, 35% - 40%, 40% - 45%, 45% - 50%, 50% - 55%, 55% - 60%, 60% - 65%, 65% - 70%, 70% - 75%, 75% - 80%, 80% - 85%, 85% - 90%, 90% - 95%, 95% - 99%. By adjusting the combined mass flow, the properties and / or the mass of the materials can be adjusted according to the intended purpose.

[0020] The quality of the material can be defined by the volume and / or weight of the respective material. Washing the first material and the second material at a given quality ratio has the advantage that the washable components of both materials are removed. Thus, the washable components of the first material and the second material can be removed together in the same method step. Thus, the first material and the second material can form a homogenous material. In embodiments, only the fraction 0 / 2 mm, 0 / 3 mm or 0 / 4 mm can be washed by the at least one washing machine. Thus, the sand and / or sand-fine gravel mixture of the second material does not have to be removed and / or landfilled. Furthermore, since the sand and / or sand-fine gravel mixture of the second material does not have to be removed, virgin material does not have to be added. This has the advantage that the washable components of the fraction 0 / 2 mm, 0 / 3 mm or 0 / 4 mm of the first material and the second material can be removed together, resulting in a homogenous sand and / or sand-fine gravel mixture. The washable components can have a particle size of < 0.0063 mm. The sand and / or sand-fine gravel mixture can have the properties of virgin sand and / or sand-fine gravel mixture and does not have to be declared as recycled material. The sand and / or sand-fine gravel mixture of the recycled material does not have to be removed and landfilled, but can be used as construction aggregate. Thus, since the sand and / or sand-fine gravel mixture of the second material does not have to be removed, additional virgin material does not have to be added. This minimizes the use of virgin material, thereby minimizing resource depletion, habitat destruction and energy consumption. Thus, the process is cost-effective, efficient, energy-efficient, environmentally friendly and sustainable while providing a high-quality product.

[0021] The first material and the second material can be sized together by at least one sizing machine. The first material and the second material can be mixed before or during sizing. The first material and the second material can be mixed by the at least one sizing machine. The at least one sizing machine can be a screening system, which can comprise a dry screening system or a wet screening system. The first material and the second material can be sized before, during and / or after washing by the washing machine. In embodiments, the first material and the second material can be sized before washing the material in the washing machine. The at least one sizing machine can have at least two screens. The at least one screen can be a sieve. The material to be sized can be placed on a rotating or shaking screen. The sizing machine can be a mill with a flat screen, a trommel screening machine or a vibrating screening machine. The first material and the second material can be sized together by the at least one sizing machine as a common mass flow. The sizing machine can comprise the washing machine.

[0022] Sizing the first material and the second material together has the advantage that the material becomes homogenous and / or easier to handle. It also has the further advantage that separate machines do not need to be used and, thus, energy consumption can be minimized.

[0023] Before washing in the washing machine, the first and second materials can be classified by size by at least one classifier. The first classifier can remove oversized particles from the first and second materials. Oversized particles are a term used to describe residues having a particle size that is too large for the screens used in the classifier. Oversized particles can be fed into a crusher to break the particles into a defined particle size range. The crusher can be a hammer crusher, cone crusher, gyratory crusher, roll crusher, impact crusher, or any other crusher known in the art.

[0024] In an embodiment, the first classifier can separate sand or a sand-gravel mixture (e.g., 0 / 2mm, 0 / 3mm, or 0 / 4mm) from gravel (e.g., 2 / 32mm, 3 / 32mm, or 4 / 32mm).

[0025] In this embodiment, the mixture of the first and second materials can be graded by a second classifier according to size. In this step, the classifier or screening machine produces specific particle sizes for concrete (e.g., 0 / 2mm, 0 / 3mm, 0 / 4mm, 2 / 4mm, 4 / 8mm, 8 / 16mm, and / or 16 / 32mm). The product can be batched using a speed-controlled feed belt combined with a belt weigher and optional computer-aided batching software.

[0026] At least one classifier may be a wet screening system or a wet classifier, or a dry screening system or a dry classifier. The first and second materials can be washed during size classification via a wet screening system. Therefore, the classifier may include a washing machine. A wet screening system may include a first washing machine. The terms screening system and classifier are used interchangeably. The classifier may have at least two screen surfaces. Each screen surface may have a screen for size classification of materials. In embodiments, the classifier may have at least three screen surfaces. The classifier may include a first screen surface with a first screen, a second screen surface with a second screen, and a third screen surface with a third screen. Additionally, the classifier may have a drain outlet. The first screen may have the largest mesh size and can remove the largest particle size fraction. The first screen may have a mesh size of 16 mm–32 mm. Particle size fractions smaller than the mesh size of the first screen pass through the first screen and can be size-classified by the second screen. The mesh size of the second screen may be smaller than the mesh size of the first screen but larger than the mesh size of the third screen. The first screen can have an aperture size of 8mm–16mm. Particle sizes smaller than the second screen pass through the first screen and can be graded by a third screen. The third screen can have the smallest aperture size. The first screen can have an aperture size of 2mm–8mm, 3 / 8mm, or 4 / 8mm. Particle sizes passing through the third screen (i.e., 0–2mm, 0–3mm, or 0–4mm) can be removed through a drain. In the case of a wet classifier, each screen layer can include multiple nozzles. The nozzles can be arranged above the corresponding screen and above the material to be graded by size. The nozzles can wet the screen and / or the material. The nozzles can spray the screen and / or the material, i.e., spray the screen and / or the material with water. By wetting the screen and / or the material, the material can be cleaned, the quality of the material can be improved, and washable components can be removed. The smallest particle size, which can be 0–2mm, 0–3mm, and / or 0–4mm, can be discharged along with the water through a drain. In this embodiment, the smallest particle size (e.g., 0–2 mm, 0–3 mm, or 0–4 mm) can be additionally washed in a second washing machine, and washable components can be removed. If the classifier is a dry sieving system, the classifier may not include a washing machine, and the smallest particle size (e.g., 0–2 mm, 0–3 mm, or 0–4 mm) can be washed in a second washing machine, and washable components can be removed. In this embodiment, the second washing machine can be the first washing machine.

[0027] In this embodiment, a third classifier can be used to classify particles into sizes of 0 / 2 mm, 0 / 3 mm, or 0 / 4 mm. The third classifier can be an upflow classifier. The third classifier can utilize a gas or liquid flow moving in the opposite direction to the settling direction. The third classifier can also be a hydrocyclone. A hydrocyclone can separate particle sizes <0.063 mm or <0.02 mm from the material.

[0028] The first and second materials can be discharged from the processing device.

[0029] The first and second materials can then be sorted into different particle size fractions and discharged from the processing unit.

[0030] Construction aggregates and / or particle size fractions of construction aggregates can be discharged from the processing unit through at least one discharge port. The processing unit may have multiple discharge ports. The number of discharge ports may correspond to the number of particle size fractions classified by size by at least one classifier.

[0031] A first material and / or a second material can be conveyed on a conveyor. The conveyor may have at least one conveyor section. The at least one conveyor section may include at least one conveying device having at least one conveying direction and at least one conveying speed, and the at least one conveyor section may further include at least one mass measuring device, at least one conveyor inlet, and at least one conveyor outlet. The at least one conveying device can supply the first material and / or the second material to a processing device. The first material and / or the second material can be supplied to at least one conveyor inlet of the at least one conveyor device.

[0032] At least one conveying direction may be from at least one conveyor inlet to at least one conveyor outlet. A first material and / or a second material may be conveyed along at least one conveying direction. The first material and / or the second material may be discharged at at least one conveyor outlet. At least one conveying device may be a belt conveyor, such as a modular belt conveyor, a spiked belt conveyor, an inclined / lowering belt conveyor, a lifting conveyor, a wheel loader, a conveyor duct, a belt feeder, and / or a conveyor line. At least one inlet may be a feed hopper, a feed hopper for recovering material, a chute, and / or at least one conveying device itself. At least one measuring device may be a weighing machine, such as a metering belt weighing machine, a controlled-feed belt weighing machine, a conveyor scale, a radial belt weighing machine, a belt scale, and / or a belt weighing machine.

[0033] The conveyor may have a first conveyor section and a second conveyor section. The first conveyor section may include a first conveying device having a first conveying direction and a first conveying speed, and the first conveyor section may also include a first mass measuring device, a first conveyor inlet, and a first conveyor outlet. The first conveying direction may be from the first conveyor inlet to the first conveyor outlet.

[0034] The second conveyor section may include a second conveying device having a second conveying direction and a second conveying speed. The second conveyor section may also include a second mass measuring device, a second conveyor inlet, and a second conveyor outlet. The second conveying direction may be from the second conveyor inlet to the second conveyor outlet.

[0035] The measuring device has the following advantages: the mass ratio and / or mass flow rate can be measured and / or adjusted while the corresponding material is being conveyed. Therefore, the mass of the material can be adjusted while it is being conveyed, and / or the properties and / or composition of the material can be adapted to the intended use and / or purpose.

[0036] The first transmission speed and / or the second transmission speed can be variable.

[0037] The first material can be conveyed along the first conveying direction. The second material can be conveyed along the first conveying direction and / or the second conveying direction.

[0038] Before the first material and the second material are supplied to the processing device, the first material may be conveyed by the first conveying device, and the second material may be conveyed by the second conveying device.

[0039] A first conveyor inlet can be connected to a first conveying device, and / or a second conveyor inlet can be connected to a second conveying device. A first material can be conveyed via the first conveying device, and / or a second material can be conveyed via the second conveying device for supplying the first and / or second materials to a processing device. The first material can be supplied to the first conveyor inlet of the first conveying device (first conveyor inlet), and / or the second material can be supplied to the second inlet of the second conveying device (second conveyor inlet). A first mass measuring device can be connected to the first conveying device, and a second mass measuring device can be connected to the second conveying device.

[0040] The first and second conveying devices can be positioned at an angle α. Angle α can be between 0 and 90°. In embodiments, angle α can be between 0° and 5° or between 85° and 90°. Angle α of 0°–5° or 85°–90° has the advantage that material can be supplied more precisely without unnecessarily missing its corresponding conveying device. Depending on the mass flow rate, material missing its corresponding conveying device can accumulate to a high quantity, thereby reducing efficiency, posing functional problems, and complicating the adjustment and / or fitting of material quality and / or properties and / or composition.

[0041] The mass ratio of the first material to the second material can be established by supplying the first material to the first conveying device and the second material to the second conveying device.

[0042] The mass flow rate of the first material can be measured by the first measuring device, and / or the mass flow rate of the second material can be measured by the second measuring device.

[0043] The second material can be discharged onto a conveyor carrying the first material. The second material can be discharged onto the first material and / or the first conveyor. The first and second materials can form a common mass flow and / or a mixture of the first and second materials on the first conveyor. The common mass flow of the first and second materials can be formed by discharging the second material onto the first conveyor or discharging the first material onto the second conveyor. The first and second materials can be conveyed on the first conveyor as a common mass flow and / or a mixture of the first and second materials. The second material can be discharged through the discharge port of the second conveyor. The second material can be discharged through the discharge port of the second conveyor. The discharge port of the second conveyor can be located adjacent to or above the first conveyor. This has the following advantages: the mixing of materials has already occurred in an early stage, and a common mass flow has been established. Another advantage is that the first and second materials can be introduced into the processing device simultaneously, making the process more efficient.

[0044] The mass ratio of the first material and the second material can be adjusted by regulating the conveying speed of the first conveying device (first conveying speed) and / or the conveying speed of the second conveying device (second conveying speed). The first and / or second conveying speeds can be adjusted manually and / or via a controller. The first and / or second conveying speeds can be adjusted and / or controlled based on the mass flow rates of the first and / or second materials measured by the first and / or second measuring devices. The first and second conveying speeds can be adjusted independently and variably. The mass ratio of the first and / or second materials can be adjusted such that the common mass flow of both materials includes any percentage of the second material: 1%–5%, 5%–10%, 10%–15%, 15%–20%, or 20%–99%. The mass flow rate of the first material can remain constant, while the mass flow rate of the second material can be adjusted. Alternatively, the mass flow rate of the second material can remain constant, while the mass flow rate of the first material can be adjusted. In embodiments, the mass flow rate of the second material can be adjusted, while the mass flow rate of the first material can be a continuous mass flow. By adjusting the corresponding conveying speeds, the quality and / or characteristics and / or composition of the product can be more easily adjusted and / or controlled. This can improve the quality of the final product.

[0045] If the percentage of the second material in the common mass stream and / or the mixture of the first and second materials is too low (e.g., <20%, <15%, or <10%), the conveying speed of the second conveying device (second conveying speed) may be increased, and / or the conveying speed of the first conveying device (first conveying speed) may be decreased. If the common mass stream and / or the mixture of the first and second materials contains an excessively high percentage (e.g., >20%, >15%, or >10%) of the second material, the conveying speed of the second conveying device (second conveying speed) may be decreased, and / or the conveying speed of the first conveying device (first conveying speed) may be increased. Alternatively or additionally, the conveying speed of the first conveying device may be increased or decreased accordingly.

[0046] The first and second materials can be discharged into the processing unit through the discharge port of the first conveyor. The discharge port of the first conveyor can discharge and / or supply a common mass flow of the first and second materials and / or a mixture of the first and second materials into the processing unit. The common mass flow of the first and second materials and / or the mixture of the first and second materials can be supplied to the processing unit together. This has the following advantages: the materials are already mixed when introduced into the processing unit, resulting in improved mutual mixing. Another advantage is that because the materials are introduced into the processing unit simultaneously, this makes the process more efficient and energy-efficient.

[0047] Equipment for producing building aggregates may include a conveyor having a first conveyor section and / or a second conveyor section, the first conveyor section having a first material and the second conveyor section having a second material. The first material may be virgin material. The second material may be recycled material.

[0048] Equipment for producing building aggregates may also include a processing unit for virgin and recycled materials, the processing unit having a processing inlet and a washing machine. A first conveying device may be connected to a virgin material source, and a second conveying device may be connected to a recycled material source. The virgin and / or recycled material source may be a stockpile, silo, bin, or bucket of virgin or recycled materials.

[0049] Equipment for producing building aggregates may include a conveyor having at least two conveyor sections. A first conveyor section may include a first conveying device having a first conveying direction and a first conveying speed, and may further include a first mass measuring device and / or a first feed inlet and / or a first conveyor discharge outlet. A second conveyor section may include a second conveying device having a second conveying direction and a second conveying speed, and may further include a second mass measuring device and / or a second feed inlet and / or a second conveyor discharge outlet. The first feed inlet may be connected to the first conveyor, and / or the second feed inlet may be connected to the second conveyor. The first mass measuring device may be connected to the first conveyor, and / or the second mass measuring device may be connected to the second conveyor. The second conveyor discharge outlet may be located adjacent to or above the first conveyor. The first and second conveyor devices may form an angle α (0-90°). Angle α may be between 0° and 90°. In embodiments, angle α may be between 0° and 5° or between 85° and 90°.

[0050] The first and second transmission speeds can be independently variable.

[0051] The processing device may include at least one processing device inlet and / or at least one crusher and / or at least one washer and / or at least one classifier and / or at least one processing device outlet, wherein the processing device may be located downstream of the first conveyor outlet and the second conveyor outlet. Attached Figure Description

[0052] In the following description, the invention will be illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings without limiting the general inventive concept.

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of equipment used for producing building aggregates is shown.

[0054] exist Figure 1The first embodiment is shown in the figure. Figure 1A schematic diagram of equipment for producing building aggregates is shown. The equipment 100 may include conveyors 200 and 300 and a processing unit 500. Conveyors 200 and 300 may include a first conveyor section 200 and a second conveyor section 300. The first conveyor section 200 may include a first conveying device 210 having a first conveying direction 230 and a first conveying speed, and may also include a first measuring device 220, a first conveyor inlet 240, and a first conveyor outlet 250. The second conveyor section 300 may include a second conveying device 310 having a second conveying direction 330 and a second conveying speed, and may also include a second measuring device 320, a second conveyor inlet 340, and a second conveyor outlet 350. The first conveyor device 210 and the second conveyor device 310 may form an angle α 400. The angle α 400 may be between 0° and 90°. In this embodiment, angle α 400 can be between 0° and 5° or between 85° and 90°. A first conveying direction 230 extends from the first conveyor inlet 240 to the first conveyor outlet 250. A second conveying direction 330 extends from the second conveyor inlet 340 to the second conveyor outlet 350. A first measuring device 220 can be connected to the first conveyor 210, and a second measuring device 320 can be connected to the second conveyor 310. The first measuring device 220 measures the mass flow rate of a first material, and the second measuring device 320 measures the mass flow rate of a second material. The first material can be supplied to the first conveyor inlet 240, and the second material can be supplied to the second conveyor inlet 340. The first material can be virgin material, and the second material can be recycled material. The first material can be conveyed by the first conveyor 210 from the first conveyor inlet 240 to the first conveyor outlet 250 along the conveying direction 230. The second material can be conveyed by the second conveyor 310 from the second conveyor inlet 340 to the second conveyor outlet 350 along the second conveying direction 330. The second material can also be conveyed by the second conveyor 310 from the second conveyor inlet 340 to the second conveyor outlet 350 along the first conveying direction 330, and by the first conveyor 210 from the second conveyor outlet 350 to the first conveyor outlet 250 along the first conveying direction 230. The second material can be discharged onto the first conveyor 210 and / or onto the first material. The first and second materials can form a common mass flow and / or a mixture of the first and second materials. A predetermined mass ratio of the first material and the second material can be established before or during the supply of the first and second materials to the processing device. This mass ratio can be adjusted and / or controlled. The mass ratio can be adjusted and / or controlled based on measurements from the mass measuring devices 220, 320.If the percentage of the second material in the common mass stream and / or the mixture of the first and second materials is too low (e.g., <20%, <15%, or <10%), the conveying speed of the second conveying device 310 (second conveying speed) may be increased, and / or the conveying speed of the first conveying device 210 (first conveying speed) may be decreased. If the common mass stream and / or the mixture of the first and second materials contains an excessively high percentage of the second material (e.g., >20%, >15%, or >10%), the conveying speed of the second conveying device 310 (second conveying speed) may be decreased, and / or the conveying speed of the first conveying device 210 (first conveying speed) may be increased. In embodiments, the conveying speed of the first conveying device 210 may be increased or decreased accordingly.

[0055] The first material and the second material can be discharged into the processing device through the discharge port 250 of the first conveyor. The discharge port 250 of the first conveyor can discharge and / or supply a common mass flow of the first material and the second material and / or a mixture of the first material and the second material to the processing device 500. The common mass flow of the first material and the second material and / or the mixture of the first material and the second material can be supplied to the processing device 500. The processing device 500 may include at least one washing machine 520. The processing device 500 may also include at least one classifier 510 and optionally at least one crusher 512. The first material and the second material can be supplied to the processing device 500 through conveyors 200 and 300. The processing device 500 may be a gravel processing device, a crushed stone processing device, and / or a sand processing device. The first material and the second material can be supplied to the processing device as a common mass flow and / or a mixture of the first material and the second material. The first material and the second material can be supplied to the processing device 500 through conveyors 200 and 300. The first material and the second material can be supplied to the processing device inlet of the processing device 500. The feed inlet of the processing device can be a feed hopper, a chute, or the processing device itself.

[0056] The first material and the second material can be washed together in at least one washing machine 520 of the processing apparatus 500. The first material and the second material can be washed in the at least one washing machine 520 as a common mass stream and / or a mixture of the first material and the second material. The at least one washing machine 520 can remove washable components. Removal of washable components is important for the quality of building aggregates.

[0057] The entire particle size fractions of the first and second materials can be washed in the at least one washing machine 520, or only the particle size fractions of 0 / 2 mm, 0 / 3 mm, or 0 / 4 mm can be washed in the at least one washing machine 520. A predetermined mass ratio of the first and second materials can be established by supplying the first and second materials to the processing apparatus 500. The mass ratio of the first and / or second materials can be adjusted and / or controlled. The mass ratio of the first and / or second materials can be adjusted and / or controlled by supplying the first and second materials in different proportions. The mass ratio of the first and / or second materials can be adjusted such that the common mass flow of the two materials includes any percentage of the second material in the range of 1%–5%, 5%–10%, 10%–15%, 15%–20%, or 20%–99%.

[0058] The first material and the second material can be graded together by size using at least one classifier 510, 530. The first material and the second material can be mixed before or during grading. The first material and the second material can be mixed using the at least one classifier 510, 530. The at least one classifier 510, 530 can be a screening system. The at least one classifier can be a dry screening system or a wet screening system. The first material and the second material can be graded by size before, during, and / or after washing in a washing machine 520. In an embodiment, the wet screening system may include a washing machine. The first material and the second material can be washed during grading by size using the wet screening system. Therefore, the at least one classifier 510, 530 may include a washing machine. The wet screening system may include a first washing machine. In an embodiment, the first material and the second material can be graded by size before the washing machine. The at least one classifier 510, 530 may have at least two screens. The material to be graded by size can be placed on a rotating or shaking screen. The classifier can be a mill with a flat screen, a drum screen, or a vibrating screen. The first and second materials can be classified by size as a common mass flow by at least one classifier 510, 530.

[0059] Before washing in the washing machine 520, the first and second materials can be classified by size by at least one classifier 510, 530. The first classifier 510 can remove oversized particles from the first and second materials. Oversized particles can be fed into the crusher 512 to break the particles into particles within a defined size range. Alternatively or additionally, the first classifier can separate sand and / or sand-fine gravel mixtures (0 / 2mm, 0 / 3mm, or 0 / 4mm) from gravel (2 / 32mm, 3 / 32mm, or 4 / 32mm).

[0060] In this embodiment, the smallest particle size (e.g., 0–2 mm, 0–3 mm, or 0–4 mm) can be washed in a second washing machine, and washable components can be removed. If the classifier is a dry screening system, the classifier may not include a washing machine, and the smallest particle size (e.g., 0–2 mm, 0–3 mm, or 0–4 mm) can be washed in a second washing machine, and washable components can be removed. In this embodiment, the second washing machine can be the first washing machine. In this embodiment, the first and second materials can be classified by size by the second classifier 530. In this step, the classifier or screening machine produces specific particle sizes for concrete (e.g., 0 / 2 mm, 0 / 3 mm, 0 / 4 mm, 2 / 4 mm, 4 / 8 mm, 8 / 16 mm, and / or 16 / 32 mm). The particle size classifications 0 / 2 mm, 0 / 3 mm, or 0 / 4 mm may exclude any classifications <0.0063 mm. The product can be batched using a speed-controlled feed belt combined with a belt weigher and a computer-aided batching program.

[0061] In this embodiment, particle size fractions of 0 / 2 mm, 0 / 3 mm, or 0 / 4 mm can be classified by a third classifier. The third classifier can use a gas or liquid flow moving in the opposite direction to the settling direction. The third classifier can be a hydrocyclone. A hydrocyclone can separate particle size fractions <0.063 mm or <0.02 mm from the material.

[0062] The at least one classifier 510, 530 can be a wet screening system or a wet classifier, or a dry screening system or a dry classifier.

[0063] The first and second materials can be discharged from the processing device 500.

[0064] Construction aggregates and / or particle sizes 610, 620, 630 can be discharged from a processing unit through at least one discharge port. The processing unit may have multiple discharge ports. The number of discharge ports may correspond to the number of particle sizes classified by the at least one classifier 510, 530.

[0065] List of reference numerals 100 Equipment for producing building aggregates 200 First Conveyor Section 210 First Conveying Device 220 First mass measuring device 230 First teleport direction 240 First conveyor feed port 250 First conveyor discharge port 300 Second Conveyor Section 310 Second Conveying Device 320 Second mass measuring device 330 Second teleport direction 340 Second conveyor feed port 350 Second conveyor discharge port 400 degrees α 500 processing unit 510 First Classifier 512 Crusher 520 Cleaning Machine 530 Second Classifier

Claims

1. A method for producing building aggregates, the method comprising the following steps: - A first material and a second material are mixed, wherein the first material is a virgin material and the second material is a recycled material, wherein the virgin material is a natural raw material. - The first material and the second material are washed together in at least one washing machine (520).

2. The method for producing building aggregates according to claim 1, the method comprising the following steps: - The first material and the second material are supplied to the processing device (500). - The first material and the second material are washed together in at least one cleaning machine (520) of the processing apparatus (500).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in, The second material includes a particle size of at least one of 4 mm, 2 mm, or 1 mm.

4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, in, The first material includes rock, and / or stone, and / or fragments of rock and / or stone, and The second material includes at least artificial stone, and / or fragments of artificial stone, and / or concrete.

5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, The method includes the following steps: The first material and the second material are mixed before or during the cleaning step.

6. The method according to claim 5, The method includes the following steps: During or after the mixing step, the first material and the second material are graded together by size using at least one grading machine (510, 520).

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, The method includes the following steps: Before or during the step of supplying the first material and the second material to the processing device (500), a predetermined mass ratio of the mass of the first material and the mass of the second material is established.

8. The method according to the preceding claim, in, The mass ratio of the first material and the second material is adjusted such that the common mass flow of the two materials includes 1%–5%, 5%–10%, 10%–15%, or 15%–20% of the second material.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, The method includes the following steps: Prior to the step of supplying the first material and the second material to the processing device (500), the first material is conveyed by the first conveying device (210) and the second material is conveyed by the second conveying device (310).

10. The method according to the preceding claim, The method includes the following steps: The first material is supplied to the first inlet (240) of the first conveying device (210), and / or the second material is supplied to the second inlet (340) of the second conveying device (310).

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, The method includes the following steps: The first mass flow rate of the first material is measured by the first measuring device (220), and / or the second mass flow rate of the second material is measured by the second measuring device (320).

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, The method includes the following steps: The mass ratio of the first material and the second material is adjusted by adjusting the first conveying speed of the first conveying device (210) and / or the second conveying speed of the second conveying device (310).

13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, The method includes the following steps: A common mass flow of the first material and the second material is formed by discharging the second material onto the first conveying device (210) or discharging the first material onto the second conveying device (310).

14. An apparatus (100) for producing building aggregates, comprising: Conveyors (200, 300), comprising a first conveyor section (200) and a second conveyor section (300), wherein the first conveyor section (200) further comprises virgin materials, and the second conveyor section (300) further comprises recycled materials, wherein the virgin materials are natural raw materials, and A processing device (500) for the virgin material and the recycled material, the processing device (500) including a processing device inlet and a washing machine (520).

15. The equipment (100) for producing building aggregates according to claim 14. Its features are, The first conveyor section (200) is connected to a source of virgin materials, and the second conveyor section (300) is connected to a source of recycled materials.

Images