Disc stubble cutting mechanism

Abstract

A disc stubble breaking mechanism belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, a bionic stubble breaking knife takes grubs as a bionic prototype, a lower jaw cutting tooth structure of the bionic stubble breaking knife is analyzed and applied to stubble breaking knife design, and the bionic stubble breaking knife is driven by a bevel gear with a transmission ratio of about 2: 1 and a belt with a transmission ratio of about 1: 1. The auxiliary stubble breaking cutter with the barb tooth shape is driven to rotate, and when differential rotation is conducted, the tip end of the barb profile can better generate backward pulling force on stubbles. The bionic stubble cutting disc cutter is simple in structure and good in cutting performance, cutting resistance can be effectively reduced, a stubble cutting cutter is not prone to abrasion in the long-term use process, and the service life is prolonged. The differential mechanism can effectively reduce the forward slip rate of the corn stubbles when the bionic stubble cutting knife cuts the corn stubbles, so that the bionic stubble cutting knife can better cut the stubbles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to a disc stubble breaking mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] One of the key technologies of conservation tillage is no-till seeding, which involves leaving the land untilled and covering it with straw. This protects the soil and increases soil organic matter, but it can easily cause clogging of the machinery during seeding. Therefore, most no-till seeders on the market now have a straw clearing device in front of them. The most widely used stubble cutting devices include corrugated discs, flat discs, and notched discs. Corrugated discs have strong stubble breaking capabilities and are especially suitable for fields with a lot of stubble. The wavy blade design effectively reduces weed entanglement and loosens the soil well, but also causes significant soil disturbance. The flat disc blade has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. It relies primarily on the seeder's own weight and sharp blade to cut stubble, causing minimal soil disturbance, but exhibits greater slippage and poorer stubble cutting performance. The notched disc blade is also suitable for fields with abundant stubble; it cuts stubble well, but the notch is prone to wear, resulting in a shorter lifespan. While the notched disc blade has less slippage than the flat disc blade, it may miss some cuts. Therefore, a blade with strong cutting power and minimal soil disturbance needs to be designed to address the technical problems of existing technologies for stubble cutting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a disc-shaped stubble-breaking mechanism, comprising a V-shaped frame A, a biomimetic stubble-breaking blade assembly B, a contouring assembly C, an auxiliary stubble-breaking blade assembly D, a large bevel gear assembly E, a small bevel gear assembly F, a pulley I1, a belt 2, and a pulley II3. The V-shaped frame A consists of a left plate 4, a top plate 5, a right plate 6, and a bottom plate 7. The front ends of the left plate 4 and the right plate 6 are fixed at a 60-degree angle. The top plate 5 and the bottom plate 7 are respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the left plate 4 and the right plate 6. A bearing I4a is fixed to the left plate 4, and bearings II6a and III6b are fixed to the right plate 6.

[0004] The bionic stubble-breaking blade assembly B consists of a bionic stubble-breaking blade 8 and a coupling flange I9, with the left end of the coupling flange I9 screwed to the center of the back side of the bionic stubble-breaking blade 8.

[0005] The contouring component C consists of a perforated upright plate 10, an upper plate 11, a telescopic cylinder 12, a spring 13, and a lower plate 14. The perforated upright plate 10, the upper plate 11, the telescopic cylinder 12, and the lower plate 14 are arranged in order from top to bottom. The spring 13 is sleeved on the telescopic cylinder 12. The upper plate 11 and the lower plate 14 are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the telescopic cylinder 12, respectively.

[0006] The auxiliary stubble-breaking blade assembly D consists of an auxiliary stubble-breaking blade 15 and a coupling flange II 16, with the right end of the coupling flange II 16 screwed to the center of the back of the auxiliary stubble-breaking blade 15.

[0007] The large bevel gear assembly E consists of a large bevel gear 17 and a connecting shaft I 18, with the left end of the connecting shaft I 18 fixed to the center of the back side of the large bevel gear 17.

[0008] The small bevel gear assembly F consists of a small bevel gear 19 and a connecting shaft II 20, with the right end of the connecting shaft II 20 fixed to the center of the back side of the small bevel gear 19.

[0009] The lower plate 14 of the contouring component C is fixedly connected to the top plate 5 of the V-frame A. The connecting shaft II 20 of the small bevel gear assembly F is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the bearing I 4a of the V-frame A near the back of the small bevel gear 19. The connecting shaft I 18 of the large bevel gear assembly E is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the bearing II 6a of the V-frame A near the back of the large bevel gear 17, and the pulley II 3 is fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting shaft I 18. The right end of the coupling flange I 9 of the biomimetic slag-breaking blade assembly B is fixedly connected to the left end of the connecting shaft II 20 of the small bevel gear assembly F.

[0010] The left end of the coupling flange II16 of the auxiliary slag-breaking blade assembly D is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the bearing III6b of the V-block A, and the pulley I1 is fixedly connected to the middle of the coupling flange II16. The pulley I1 and the pulley II3 are connected by the belt 2. The large bevel gear 17 of the large bevel gear assembly E meshes with the small bevel gear 19 of the small bevel gear assembly F.

[0011] The biomimetic stubble-breaking blade 8 has a magnification factor of 1 / 50, a blade diameter of 425-430mm, and an outer contour curve of the blade teeth consisting of a tip curve ab, a strong cutting edge curve bc, a cutting edge curve cd, and a smooth transition, connecting at the notch arc. The origin of the coordinate system is the center of the blade.

[0012] The mathematical expression for the cutting edge curve ab is:

[0013] y=280-67.64cos(0.25x) +83.67×sin(0.25x) + 1.658×cos(2×0.2x) +30.38×sin(2×0.25x);

[0014] Where: the value of x is -48≤x≤-36; if calculated in mm, the value of x is -0.96≤x≤-0.72mm;

[0015] The mathematical expression for the strong cutting edge curve bc is:

[0016] y=9.72x6 -2.39x5+2.53x4 + 0.908x3 + 0.049x2 +0.49x + 67.5;

[0017] Where: the value of x is -36≤x≤-8, and if calculated in mm, the value of x is -0.72≤x≤-0.16mm;

[0018] The mathematical expression for the cutting edge curve cd is:

[0019] y=1.091x6 -7.308x5 +1.764x4 -0.18x3 +0.071x2 +0.67x + 128.88;

[0020] Where: the value of x is -8≤x≤24, and if calculated in mm, the value of x is -0.16≤x≤0.48 mm.

[0021] The small bevel gear 19 has a pitch circle diameter of 60≤d1≤62mm and a cone angle of 30 degrees; the large bevel gear 17 has a pitch circle diameter of 120≤d2≤122mm and a cone angle of 30 degrees; the modules are equal, the pressure angles are equal, the meshing method of the two bevel gears is oblique transmission, the shaft intersection angle is 120 degrees, and the transmission ratio is 2:1.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The disc-shaped stubble-breaking mechanism of this invention uses the grub as a biomimetic model, analyzes its mandible cutting tooth structure and applies it to the design of the stubble-breaking knife, thereby enhancing its cutting ability; moreover, its structure is simple, its cutting performance is good, it can effectively reduce cutting resistance, and makes the stubble-breaking knife less prone to wear during long-term use, thus extending its service life. While the biomimetic stubble-breaking knife enters the soil to cut the stubble, it is driven to rotate by a differential speed mechanism. While its tip rotates forward, due to the speed difference, compared to the rapid rotation of the biomimetic stubble-breaking knife, the auxiliary stubble-breaking knife rotates at a lower speed. The speed difference between the two allows the hooked tip of the auxiliary stubble-breaking knife to better exert a backward pulling force on the stubble while working, effectively reducing the forward slippage rate of the corn stubble when the biomimetic stubble-breaking knife is cutting corn stubble, thus enabling the biomimetic stubble-breaking knife to break the stubble more effectively. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the disc-shaped slag breaking mechanism;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of the disc-shaped slag breaking mechanism;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of the disc-shaped slag breaking mechanism;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of V-shaped frame A;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the biomimetic slag-breaking blade assembly B;

[0028] Figure 6This is an isometric view of the biomimetic stubble-breaking blade assembly B.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the contouring component C;

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary slag breaking blade assembly D;

[0031] Figure 9 To assist in the isometric drawing of the stubble-breaking blade assembly D;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large bevel gear assembly E;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the small bevel gear assembly F;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the biomimetic stubble-breaking blade 8;

[0035] Among them: AV type frame B. Bionic stubble-breaking blade assembly C. Contouring assembly D. Auxiliary stubble-breaking blade assembly E. Large bevel gear assembly F. Small bevel gear assembly 1. Pulley I 2. Belt 3. Pulley II 4. Left plate 5. Top plate 6. Right plate 7. Bottom plate 8. Bionic stubble-breaking blade 9. Coupling flange I 10. Perforated upright plate 11. Upper plate 12. Telescopic cylinder 13. Spring 14. Lower plate 15. Auxiliary stubble-breaking blade 16. Coupling flange II 17. Large bevel gear 18. Connecting shaft I 19. Small bevel gear 20. Connecting shaft II. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a disc-shaped stubble-breaking mechanism of the present invention comprises a V-frame A, a biomimetic stubble-breaking blade assembly B, a contouring assembly C, an auxiliary stubble-breaking blade assembly D, a large bevel gear assembly E, a small bevel gear assembly F, a pulley I1, a belt 2, and a pulley II3. The lower plate 14 of the contouring assembly C is fixed to the top plate 5 of the V-frame A. The connecting shaft II20 of the small bevel gear assembly F is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the bearing I4a of the V-frame A near the back of the small bevel gear 19. The connecting shaft I18 of the large bevel gear assembly E is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the bearing II6a of the V-frame A near the back of the large bevel gear 17. The middle fixed pulley II3; the right end of the coupling flange I9 of the bionic slag-breaking blade assembly B is fixedly connected to the left end of the connecting shaft II20 of the small bevel gear assembly F; the left end of the coupling flange II16 of the auxiliary slag-breaking blade assembly D is interference-fitted to the inner ring of the bearing III6b of the V-frame A, and the middle of the coupling flange II16 is fixedly connected to pulley I1; pulley I1 and pulley II3 are connected by belt 2; the large bevel gear 17 of the large bevel gear assembly E meshes with the small bevel gear 19 of the small bevel gear assembly F.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the V-shaped frame A consists of a left plate 4, a top plate 5, a right plate 6, and a bottom plate 7. The front ends of the left plate 4 and the right plate 6 are fixed at a 60-degree angle. The top plate 5 and the bottom plate 7 are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the left plate 4 and the right plate 6, respectively. A bearing I 4a is fixed to the left plate 4, and bearings II 6a and III 6b are fixed to the right plate 6.

[0039] like Figures 5 to 6 As shown, the bionic stubble-breaking blade assembly B consists of a bionic stubble-breaking blade 8 and a coupling flange I9, with the left end of the coupling flange I9 screwed to the center of the back side of the bionic stubble-breaking blade 8.

[0040] like Figure 7 As shown, the contouring component C consists of a perforated upright plate 10, an upper plate 11, a telescopic cylinder 12, a spring 13, and a lower plate 14. The perforated upright plate 10, the upper plate 11, the telescopic cylinder 12, and the lower plate 14 are arranged in order from top to bottom. The spring 13 is sleeved on the telescopic cylinder 12. The upper plate 11 and the lower plate 14 are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the telescopic cylinder 12, respectively.

[0041] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the auxiliary stubble-breaking blade assembly D consists of an auxiliary stubble-breaking blade 15 and a coupling flange II 16, with the right end of the coupling flange II 16 screwed to the center of the back of the auxiliary stubble-breaking blade 15.

[0042] like Figure 10 As shown, the large bevel gear assembly E consists of a large bevel gear 17 and a connecting shaft I 18, with the left end of the connecting shaft I 18 fixed to the center of the back side of the large bevel gear 17.

[0043] like Figure 11As shown, the small bevel gear assembly F consists of a small bevel gear 19 and a connecting shaft II 20, with the right end of the connecting shaft II 20 fixed to the center of the back side of the small bevel gear 19.

[0044] As shown in Figure 12, the four points “a”, “b”, “c”, and “d” in the biomimetic slag-breaking blade are the starting and ending points of the tip curve ab, the strong cutting edge curve bc, and the cutting edge curve cd.

[0045] This invention selects the mandible of a grub as a biological model. A laser confocal microscope is used to scan the overall outline of the grub's mandible. After scanning, multiple sets of two-dimensional planar contours within a selected height range are obtained. The obtained two-dimensional contours are compared on a computer, and the optimal contour that best reflects the structural characteristics of the grub's mandible is selected and marked. The image is exported as a TIF image. Using Matlab software, commands are written to extract the grub's contour feature curves. After extraction, the edge contour curves are segmented, discarding the non-working area of ​​the grub's mandible. The working area is divided into three curve segments, and the point coordinates are exported to Excel. The cftool toolbox is used to fit the three extracted feature curves. When the order satisfies the coefficient of determination R... 2 When the value is greater than 0.95, the smallest order is selected to obtain a more ideal feature fitting curve. The equations for the three resulting contour fitting curves are as follows:

[0046] Based on the extracted curve equation, after simplification, use the New Sketch command in Solidworks 2022, select the Equation-Driven Curve command, determine the coordinate system and the coordinates of the curve endpoints, and generate a curve sketch. The resulting biomimetic stubble-breaking blade 8 has a magnification factor of 1 / 50.

[0047] The expression for the tip curve ab is:

[0048] y=280-67.64cos(0.25x) +83.67×sin(0.25x) + 1.658×cos(2×0.2x) +30.38×sin(2×0.25x)

[0049] Where: the value of x ranges from -48 to -36; if calculated in mm, the value of x ranges from -0.96 to -0.72 mm.

[0050] The expression for the strong cutting edge curve bc is:

[0051] y=9.72x6 -2.39x5+2.53x4 + 0.908x3 + 0.049x2 +0.49x + 67.5

[0052] Where x takes values ​​in the range of -36 ≤ x ≤ -8, and if calculated in mm, then x takes values ​​in the range of -0.72 ≤ x ≤ -0.16 mm.

[0053] The expression for the cutting edge curve cd is:

[0054] y=1.091x6 -7.308x5 +1.764x4 -0.18x3 +0.071x2 +0.67x + 128.88

[0055] Where x takes values ​​in the range of -8 ≤ x ≤ 24, and if calculated in mm, then x takes values ​​in the range of -0.16 ≤ x ≤ 0.48 mm.

[0056] In this invention, the auxiliary stubble-breaking blade 15 has a barbed tooth profile with a diameter of 360mm. The difference between its diameter and that of the bionic stubble-breaking disc is approximately the height of the exposed and buried parts of the corn stubble. During movement, it basically does not penetrate the soil. While the bionic stubble-breaking disc cuts the stubble in the soil, it is driven to rotate through a differential speed mechanism. As its tip rotates forward, due to the differential speed, the auxiliary stubble-breaking disc rotates at a lower speed compared to the rapid rotation of the bionic stubble-breaking disc. The speed difference between the two allows the tip of the barbed profile to better exert a backward pulling force on the stubble while the auxiliary stubble-breaking disc is working, enabling the bionic stubble-breaking disc to break the stubble more effectively.

[0057] In this invention, the pitch circle diameter of the small bevel gear is 60≤d1≤62mm and the cone angle is 30 degrees; the pitch circle diameter of the large bevel gear is 120≤d2≤122mm and the cone angle is 30 degrees; the modules are equal and the pressure angles are equal. The meshing method of the two bevel gears is oblique transmission, the shaft intersection angle is 120 degrees, and the transmission ratio is 2:1.

Claims

1. A disc-shaped slag-breaking mechanism, characterized in that: It consists of a V-shaped frame (A), a biomimetic stubble-breaking blade assembly (B), a contour-following assembly (C), an auxiliary stubble-breaking blade assembly (D), a large bevel gear assembly (E), a small bevel gear assembly (F), pulley I (1), a belt (2), and pulley II (3). The V-shaped frame (A) consists of a left plate (4), a top plate (5), a right plate (6), and a bottom plate (7). The front ends of the left plate (4) and the right plate (6) are fixed at a 60-degree angle. The top plate (5) and the bottom plate (7) are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the left plate (4) and the right plate (6), respectively. A bearing I is fixed on the left plate (4). (4a) The right plate (6) is fixed with bearing II (6a) and bearing III (6b); the bionic stubble-breaking blade assembly (B) consists of a bionic stubble-breaking blade (8) and a coupling flange I (9), with the left end of the coupling flange I (9) screwed to the center of the back of the bionic stubble-breaking blade (8); the contour-following assembly (C) consists of a perforated upright plate (10), an upper plate (11), a telescopic cylinder (12), a spring (13), and a lower plate (14), arranged from top to bottom, with the perforated upright plate (10), upper plate (11), telescopic cylinder (12), and lower plate (14) arranged in order from top to bottom, and the spring... (13) Fitted onto telescopic cylinder (12); upper plate (11) and lower plate (14) are fixed to the upper and lower ends of telescopic cylinder (12); the auxiliary stubble-breaking blade assembly (D) consists of auxiliary stubble-breaking blade (15) and coupling flange II (16), with the right end of coupling flange II (16) screwed to the center of the back of auxiliary stubble-breaking blade (15); the large bevel gear assembly (E) consists of large bevel gear (17) and connecting shaft I (18), with the left end of connecting shaft I (18) fixed to the center of the back of large bevel gear (17); the small bevel gear assembly (F) consists of small bevel gear The assembly consists of a wheel (19) and a connecting shaft II (20), with the right end of the connecting shaft II (20) fixed to the center of the back of the small bevel gear (19); the lower plate (14) of the contour assembly (C) is fixed to the top plate (5) of the V-frame (A); the connecting shaft II (20) of the small bevel gear assembly (F) is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the bearing I (4a) of the V-frame (A) near the back of the small bevel gear (19); the connecting shaft I (18) of the large bevel gear assembly (E) is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the bearing II (6a) of the V-frame (A) near the back of the large bevel gear (17), and the connecting shaft I (18)... The middle fixed pulley II (3); the right end of the coupling flange I (9) of the bionic slag cutter blade assembly (B) is fixed to the left end of the connecting shaft II (20) of the small bevel gear assembly (F); the left end of the coupling flange II (16) of the auxiliary slag cutter blade assembly (D) is interference-fitted to the inner ring of the bearing III (6b) of the V-frame (A), and the middle of the coupling flange II (16) is fixed to the pulley I (1); the pulley I (1) and the pulley II (3) are connected by the belt (2); the large bevel gear (17) of the large bevel gear assembly (E) meshes with the small bevel gear (19) of the small bevel gear assembly (F).

2. The disc-shaped slag-breaking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomimetic stubble-breaking blade (8) has a magnification factor of 1 / 50 and a blade diameter of 425-430mm. The outer contour curve of the blade teeth consists of a tip curve, a strong cutting edge curve, a cutting edge curve, and a smooth transition, connecting at the notch arc. The center of the blade is taken as the origin of the coordinate system. The mathematical expression for the tip curve is: y=280-67.64cos(0.25x) +83.67×sin(0.25x) + 1.658×cos(2×0.2x) +30.38×sin(2×0.25x); Where: the value of x is -48≤x≤-36; if calculated in mm, the value of x is -0.96≤x≤-0.72mm; The mathematical expression for the strong cutting edge curve is: y=9.72x6 -2.39x5+2.53x4 + 0.908x3 + 0.049x2 +0.49x + 67.5; Where: the value of x is -36≤x≤-8, and if calculated in mm, the value of x is -0.72≤x≤-0.16 mm; The mathematical expression for the cutting edge curve is: y=1.091x6 -7.308x5 +1.764x4 -0.18x3 +0.071x2 +0.67x + 128.88; Where: the value of x is -8≤x≤24, and if calculated in mm, the value of x is -0.16≤x≤0.48 mm.

3. The disc-shaped slag-breaking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch circle diameter of the small bevel gear (19) is 60≤d1≤62mm, and the cone angle is 30 degrees; the pitch circle diameter of the large bevel gear (17) is 120≤d2≤122mm, and the cone angle is 30 degrees; the modules are equal, the pressure angles are equal, the meshing method of the two bevel gears is oblique transmission, the shaft intersection angle is 120 degrees, and the transmission ratio is 2:1.

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