Elastic intramedullary nail implantation handle with auxiliary limiting mechanism

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses an elastic intramedullary nail implantation handle with an auxiliary limiting mechanism, which comprises a handle main body, a fine adjustment propelling mechanism, an angle adjusting mechanism, a nail body fixing mechanism and a scale indicating mechanism, and further comprises the auxiliary limiting mechanism fixed at the front end of the handle main body, the fine adjustment propelling mechanism comprises a lead screw, a connecting base, a sliding part and a rotary propelling part, the connecting base is fixed to the end of the handle body, the lead screw is rotationally installed on the connecting base and located in the handle body, and the sliding part is connected to the lead screw in a threaded and sleeved mode and arranged in the handle body in a sliding and sleeved mode. Displacement micro-stepping is achieved through linkage of the lead screw and the gear, the straightness is guaranteed through the side sliding block and the sliding groove direction limiting guide rail, and the damping ring provides rotation damping to restrain back-off; and the propulsion amount is quantified in real time by matching with the displacement scales of the notch and the indicating arc plate, so that millimeter-level controllable propulsion is realized in the narrow marrow cavity, and the risks of excessive insertion, insufficient insertion and secondary adjustment are remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically an elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with an auxiliary limiting mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, flexible intramedullary nail placement handles are important tools for fixing fractures in orthopedic surgery, primarily used to precisely place the intramedullary nail into the medullary cavity to achieve stable fixation of the fracture site and early functional recovery. However, existing intramedullary nail placement handles still have problems in practical applications:

[0003] The current method of fixing the intramedullary nail to the handle and manually advancing it during the procedure lacks fine-tuning capabilities, resulting in inaccurate control of the nail's advance and retreat during insertion. In surgery, the medullary cavity has a complex and narrow anatomical structure. If the advance distance cannot be precisely controlled, it is easy to cause over-insertion or under-insertion of the intramedullary nail, which may lead to fracture displacement, neurovascular injury, or the risk of secondary surgery. Furthermore, if over-insertion occurs, direct pull-back may cause excessive retraction or even nail dislodgement, increasing the surgical failure rate.

[0004] In addition, during the operation, it is usually necessary to adjust the insertion angle of the intramedullary nail in real time according to the actual situation. Existing methods are difficult to achieve angle adjustment, requiring manual change of orientation, which is difficult to operate, has low adjustment accuracy, and poor results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with an auxiliary limiting mechanism to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with an auxiliary limiting mechanism, comprising a handle body, a fine-tuning and advancing mechanism, an angle adjustment mechanism, a nail body fixing mechanism, and a scale indicating mechanism, and further comprising an auxiliary limiting mechanism fixed to the front end of the handle body;

[0007] The fine-tuning propulsion mechanism includes a lead screw, a connecting seat, a sliding part, and a rotating propulsion part. The connecting seat is fixed to the end of the handle body. The lead screw is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat and located inside the handle body. The sliding part is threaded onto the lead screw and slidably mounted in the handle body. The rotating propulsion part is mounted on the connecting seat and is used to control the sliding part to reciprocate along the lead screw.

[0008] The angle adjustment mechanism includes a deflection support and a control adjustment. The control adjustment is rotatably mounted on the deflection support, and the deflection support is fixed on the sliding part. The top of the deflection support is fixedly connected to the nail fixing mechanism. The control adjustment is used to control the deflection of the deflection support and change the angle, so that the nail fixing mechanism drives the intramedullary nail installed on it to change the angle.

[0009] The auxiliary limiting mechanism is used to provide guidance and limiting support during the advancement or angular deflection of the nail body, so as to prevent the exposed part of the nail body from bending and falling out.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding part includes a slider body, a side slider, and a support block. The slider body is threaded onto the outer surface of the lead screw. The inner wall of the handle body is provided with a groove. The side sliders are symmetrically fixed on the outer side of the slider body and are slidably sleeved in the groove. The support block is fixed on the outer side of the slider body. A support plate is fixedly provided inside the handle body. The front end of the lead screw is rotatably sleeved in the support plate. An anti-slip sleeve is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the handle body.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating propulsion part includes a first gear, a second gear, a rotating shaft, a rotating handle, and a limiting ring. The first gear and the limiting ring are both fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the lead screw. The connecting seat has an internal mounting cavity, and the limiting ring is rotatably sleeved in the mounting cavity. The second gear is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft. A bearing is fixedly sleeved on the end face of the connecting seat, and the rotating shaft is installed in the bearing. The rotating handle is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft, and the first gear and the second gear are meshed together.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the connecting seat is provided with a gear cover, the gear cover is located outside of gear one and gear two, the rotating shaft is rotatably sleeved on the gear cover, and damping rings are sleeved on both the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting seat, the damping rings being sleeved on the outside of the lead screw.

[0013] Preferably, the scale indicating mechanism includes a notch and an indicating arc plate. The notch is formed on the outer side of the handle body, and the end face of the notch is provided with a scale. The indicating arc plate is fixed on the sliding part, one end of the indicating arc plate is located at the inner wall of the notch, and the support block is located in the notch.

[0014] Preferably, the deflection support includes a mounting base, an adapter cavity, a deflection ball, a connecting rod, a locking screw, a locking sleeve, and an abutment groove. The mounting base is fixed to the top of the support block, the adapter cavity is opened at the top of the mounting base, the deflection ball is rotatably sleeved in the adapter cavity, the connecting rod is fixed to the top of the deflection ball, the locking sleeve is fixed to the outside of the mounting base, the locking screw is threaded into the locking sleeve, and one end of the locking screw passes through the outer wall of the mounting base and abuts against the deflection ball. The abutment groove is opened on the outer surface of the deflection ball.

[0015] Preferably, the control and adjustment unit includes an adjustment disc, a push screw, a rotating ring, an adapter ring groove, and a retaining ring. The adapter ring groove is formed on the top of the mounting base. The rotating ring is fixed to the bottom of the adjustment disc. The retaining ring is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring. The rotating ring and the retaining ring are rotatably assembled in the adapter ring groove. The push screw is threaded horizontally along the outer side of the adjustment disc. The push screw is adapted to the position of the contact groove.

[0016] Preferably, the nail fixing mechanism includes a fixing seat, a sleeve cavity, an annular cavity, a clamping plug, and a spring. The fixing seat is fixed to the end of the connecting rod. The top of the fixing seat is provided with a sleeve groove. The sleeve cavity is opened at equal intervals around the inside of the fixing seat and communicates with the sleeve groove. The annular cavity is opened inside the fixing seat and communicates with the sleeve cavity. The clamping plug is movably sleeved in the sleeve cavity. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the clamping plug and the other end is fixed in the annular cavity. The annular cavity is filled with hydraulic oil. By controlling the hydraulic pressure inside the annular cavity, the clamping plug clamps and fixes the intramedullary nail inserted into the sleeve groove.

[0017] Preferably, a fixing sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing seat, and a through hole is provided on the outer wall of the fixing seat. The fixing sleeve communicates with the annular cavity through the through hole. The adjusting screw is threaded onto the fixing sleeve, and the movable plug is movably fitted into the fixing sleeve. One end of the adjusting screw passes through the fixing sleeve and is fixedly connected to the movable plug.

[0018] Preferably, the auxiliary limiting mechanism includes a fixed plate, an auxiliary collar, a damping ring cavity, a damping plate, a supporting crank, and an elastic holding member. The supporting crank connects the handle body and the fixed plate. The fixed plate, the auxiliary collar, and the damping plate are all concentric spherical cross-section structures. The fixed plate has a damping ring cavity inside. The damping plate is disposed in the damping ring cavity in a spherical fit manner, with a fitting gap between the plate and the damping ring cavity for the installation of the elastic holding member. The elastic holding member is located between the inner wall of the damping ring cavity and the damping plate, applying a pre-tightening pressure to the damping plate to generate a circumferential damping force.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. This invention achieves micro-step displacement through the linkage of lead screw and gear, ensures straightness by limiting the guide rail with side slider and slide groove, and provides rotational damping to suppress backlash; combined with the displacement scale of notch and indicator arc plate, the amount of advancement is quantified in real time, thereby achieving millimeter-level controllable advancement in narrow bone marrow cavities, significantly reducing the risks of over-insertion, under-insertion and secondary adjustment.

[0021] 2. The present invention provides continuous deflection in any direction through the ball joint of the deflection support; the push screw is aligned with the abutment groove to achieve fine directional adjustment, and the locking screw completes rapid rigid locking. This combination can not only adapt to different fractures and anatomical variations during operation to achieve fine angle matching, but also maintain anti-disturbance stability after locking, reducing jamming, bending and reduction failure.

[0022] 3. This invention employs a concentric spherical section design for the auxiliary limiting mechanism, consisting of a fixed disc, an auxiliary collar, and a damping plate, with the center of the sphere coinciding with the deflection center. The auxiliary collar provides a near-entry sliding guide for the nail body, and the elastic pressure within the damping ring cavity applies circumferential damping to the damping plate. This creates a follow-up guide and controlled damping limiting throughout the entire process of advancement and deflection, effectively suppressing the deflection, displacement, and dislodgement of the exposed segment, thereby improving surgical continuity and safety margin. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the handle body and the connecting seat of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the sliding part and the lead screw of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding part and the rotating propulsion part of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the control adjustment part and the deflection support part of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the deflection support portion of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the nail fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary limiting mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Handle body; 2. Connecting seat; 3. Lead screw; 4. Sliding part; 41. Slider body; 42. Side slider; 43. Support block; 5. Deflection support part; 51. Mounting seat; 52. Adaptor cavity; 53. Deflection ball; 54. Connecting rod; 55. Locking screw; 56. Locking sleeve; 57. Contact groove; 6. Rotation propulsion part; 61. Gear one; 62. Gear two; 63. Rotating shaft; 64. Rotating handle; 65. Limiting ring; 7. Nail fixing mechanism; 71. Fixed seat; 72. Sleeve cavity; 73. Annular cavity; 74. Clamping plug; 75. Spring; 8. Control and adjustment part; 81. Adjusting plate; 82. Pushing screw; 83. Rotating ring; 84. Adaptive ring groove; 85. Snap ring; 9. Notch; 10. Indicating arc plate; 11. Fixed sleeve; 12. Adjusting screw; 13. Movable plug; 14. Through hole; 15. Gear cover; 16. Mounting cavity; 17. Damping ring; 18. Bearing; 19. Slide groove; 20. Support plate; 21. Auxiliary limiting mechanism; 211. Fixed plate; 212. Auxiliary collar; 213. Damping ring cavity; 214. Damping plate; 215. Support crank; 216. Elastic holding element; 22. Anti-slip sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with an auxiliary limiting mechanism, including a handle body 1, a fine-tuning and advancing mechanism, an angle adjustment mechanism, a nail body fixing mechanism 7, and a scale indicator mechanism, and also includes an auxiliary limiting mechanism 21 fixed to the front end of the handle body 1; the fine-tuning and advancing mechanism includes a lead screw 3, a connecting seat 2, a sliding part 4, and a rotating advancing part 6, the connecting seat 2 is fixed to the end of the handle body 1, the lead screw 3 is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat 2 and located inside the handle body 1, the sliding part 4 is threaded onto the lead screw 3 and slidably sleeved in the handle body 1, and the rotating advancing part 6 is installed in the handle body 1. On the connecting seat 2, the sliding part 4 is used to control the reciprocating movement of the lead screw 3; the angle adjustment mechanism includes a deflection support part 5 and a control adjustment part 8. The control adjustment part 8 is rotatably mounted on the deflection support part 5, and the deflection support part 5 is fixed on the sliding part 4. The top of the deflection support part 5 is fixedly connected to the nail body fixing mechanism 7. The control adjustment part 8 is used to control the deflection of the deflection support part 5 and change the angle, so that the nail body fixing mechanism 7 drives the intramedullary nail installed on it to change the angle; the auxiliary limiting mechanism 21 is used to provide guidance and limiting support during the nail body advancement or angle deflection process to prevent the exposed part of the nail from bending and falling out.

[0035] The sliding part 4 includes a slider body 41, a side slider 42, and a support block 43. The slider body 41 is threaded onto the outer surface of the lead screw 3. A groove 19 is provided on the inner wall of the handle body 1. The side slider 42 is symmetrically fixed on the outer side of the slider body 41 and is slidably sleeved in the groove 19. The support block 43 is fixed on the outer surface of the slider body 41. A support plate 20 is fixedly provided inside the handle body 1. The front end of the lead screw 3 is rotatably sleeved in the support plate 20. An anti-slip sleeve 22 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the handle body 1.

[0036] The sliding part 4 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 3, so that the sliding part 4 can move back and forth along the lead screw 3 when the lead screw 3 rotates forward and backward, thereby realizing the control of pushing and pulling. The side slider 42 is fitted with the slide groove 19 to ensure that the sliding part 4 can move back and forth stably. The support block 43 is used to support and fix the deflection support part 5, and the anti-slip sleeve 22 is used to improve the stability of the grip handle body 1 and prevent slippage.

[0037] The rotating propulsion unit 6 includes a first gear 61, a second gear 62, a rotating shaft 63, a rotating handle 64, and a limiting ring 65. The first gear 61 and the limiting ring 65 are both fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the lead screw 3. The connecting seat 2 has an installation cavity 16 inside, and the limiting ring 65 is rotatably sleeved in the installation cavity 16. The second gear 62 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 63. The end face of the connecting seat 2 is fixedly sleeved with a bearing 18, and the rotating shaft 63 is installed in the bearing 18. The rotating handle 64 is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 63. The first gear 61 and the second gear 62 are meshed and connected.

[0038] The screw 3 is finely rotated by rotating the propulsion part 6, thereby realizing the reciprocating fine-tuning movement of the sliding part 4. This, in turn, enables the fine-tuning movement control of the deflection support part 5 and the nail fixing mechanism 7, achieving fine-tuning advance and retreat control of the intramedullary nail fixed on the nail fixing mechanism 7. Specifically, by turning the rotating handle 64, the rotating handle drives the rotating shaft 63 to rotate in the bearing 18, causing the gear 2 62 to rotate and drive the meshing gear 1 61 to rotate. Through the rotation of gear 1 61 on the screw 3, the rotation control of the screw 3 is achieved. Furthermore, by utilizing the gear ratio of gear 1 61 and gear 2 62, combined with the dense thread of the screw 3, precise fine-tuning advance and retreat control is achieved, avoiding inaccurate advance and retreat control when the intramedullary nail is inserted, and preventing the intramedullary nail from dislodging during retraction, thus improving control stability.

[0039] The connecting seat 2 has a gear cover 15 at its end, which is located outside the gear 1 61 and the gear 2 62. The rotating shaft 63 is rotatably sleeved on the gear cover 15. The connecting seat 2 has damping rings 17 on both its upper and lower surfaces, which are sleeved on the outside of the lead screw 3.

[0040] The gear cover 15 is used to protect gear 1 61 and gear 2 62, prevent accidental contact, improve service life and self-protection effect, and maintain the rotation damping of the lead screw 3 through the damping ring 17, preventing the lead screw 3 from deflecting on its own and keeping the lead screw 3 statically stable.

[0041] The limiting ring 65 is rotatably set in the mounting cavity 16, and with the auxiliary support of the support plate 20, the rotational stability of the lead screw 3 is improved and axial displacement is avoided.

[0042] The lead screw 3 uses an M2 pitch and is equipped with gear 61 and gear 62 with a transmission ratio of 1:5, so that the sliding part 4 advances 0.4mm for each revolution of the rotating handle 64. The scale indicator mechanism has a secondary scale with a spacing of 0.2mm between the 1mm main scale and the indicator arc plate 10, which can achieve a displacement reading accuracy of about ±0.2mm.

[0043] The scale indicating mechanism includes a notch 9 and an indicating arc plate 10. The notch 9 is opened on the outer side of the handle body 1, and the end face of the notch 9 is provided with a scale. The indicating arc plate 10 is fixed on the sliding part 4, and one end of the indicating arc plate 10 is located on the inner wall of the notch 9. The support block 43 is located in the notch 9.

[0044] The advance and retreat displacement is precisely quantified by the scale indicator mechanism. The advance and retreat displacement is directly indicated by the indicator arc plate 10 set on the sliding part 4 sliding along the notch 9 with scale, thus providing fine-tuning control accuracy.

[0045] Before the operation, the indicator plate 10 can be reset to zero and compared with a standard length nail to calibrate the displacement accuracy to ±0.2mm. The scale is divided into 1mm as the main scale and 0.2mm as the secondary scale. Before the operation, the displacement reading accuracy of approximately ±0.2mm can be achieved by comparing and calibrating with a standard length nail, ensuring controllable repeatability.

[0046] The deflection support 5 includes a mounting base 51, an adapter cavity 52, a deflection ball 53, a connecting rod 54, a locking screw 55, a locking sleeve 56, and an abutment groove 57. The mounting base 51 is fixed to the top of the support block 43. The adapter cavity 52 is formed on the top of the mounting base 51. The deflection ball 53 is rotatably sleeved in the adapter cavity 52. ​​The connecting rod 54 is fixed to the top of the deflection ball 53. The locking sleeve 56 is fixed to the outside of the mounting base 51. The locking screw 55 is threaded into the locking sleeve 56, and one end of the locking screw 55 passes through the outer wall of the mounting base 51 and abuts against it. On the deflection ball 53, the abutment groove 57 is formed on the outer surface of the deflection ball 53. The control adjustment part 8 includes an adjustment plate 81, a push screw 82, a rotating ring 83, an adapter ring groove 84 and a retaining ring 85. The adapter ring groove 84 is formed on the top of the mounting base 51. The rotating ring 83 is fixed to the bottom of the adjustment plate 81. The retaining ring 85 is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring 83. The rotating ring 83 and the retaining ring 85 are rotatably assembled in the adapter ring groove 84. The push screw 82 is threaded horizontally along the outer side of the adjustment plate 81. The push screw 82 is adapted to the position of the abutment groove 57.

[0047] The deflection support 5 connects the nail fixation mechanism 7 and allows the deflection ball 53 within it to deflect freely, enabling angle adjustment in any direction within a certain range. This allows for control and adjustment of the intramedullary nail insertion angle according to actual surgical requirements. Specifically, the angle change is achieved by the deflection ball 53 within the fitting cavity 52. ​​The inner wall of the fitting cavity 52 is also equipped with a damping pad (not shown in the figure) to increase the deflection damping force of the deflection ball 53, ensuring static stability after deflection. The deflection ball 53 is clamped and fixed by the locking screw 55 threaded into the locking sleeve 56, achieving stable fixation after angle adjustment. The contact groove 57 is adapted to the adjustment of the control adjustment unit 8. By rotating the push screw 82, the push screw 82 pushes the deflection ball 53 laterally along the contact groove 57, achieving angle change. Furthermore, by rotating the adjustment disc 81, the direction of the push screw 82 can be changed, allowing the deflection ball 53 to be pushed in different directions, driving it to deflect and completing the adjustment of the target direction and angle.

[0048] The rotating ring 83 and the retaining ring 85 are fitted together with the matching ring groove 84 to ensure that the adjusting plate 81 maintains stable rotation, prevents vertical displacement and disengagement, and achieves rotation limit.

[0049] A limiting shoulder is provided between the deflection ball 53 and the adapter cavity 52 to ensure that the deflection angle is ≤20°; when the locking screw 55 is screwed in, an axial preload of about 15 N·cm is applied, which can keep it fixed and not deviate when the surgical operation force is ≤10 N.

[0050] The nail fixing mechanism 7 includes a fixing seat 71, a sleeve cavity 72, an annular cavity 73, a clamping plug 74, and a spring 75. The fixing seat 71 is fixed to the end of the connecting rod 54. The top of the fixing seat 71 is provided with a sleeve groove. The sleeve cavity 72 is opened at equal intervals around the inside of the fixing seat 71 and communicates with the sleeve groove. The annular cavity 73 is opened inside the fixing seat 71 and communicates with the sleeve cavity 72. The clamping plug 74 is movably sleeved in the sleeve cavity 72. One end of the spring 75 is fixedly connected to the clamping plug 74 and the other end is fixed to the annular cavity. In section 73, the annular cavity 73 is filled with hydraulic oil. By controlling the hydraulic pressure inside the annular cavity 73, the clamping plug 74 clamps and fixes the intramedullary nail fitted into the sleeve groove. The outer wall of the fixing seat 71 is fixedly connected to the fixing sleeve 11. The outer wall of the fixing seat 71 is provided with a through hole 14. The fixing sleeve 11 communicates with the annular cavity 73 through the through hole 14. The adjusting screw 12 is threaded onto the fixing sleeve 11. The movable plug 13 is movably fitted into the fixing sleeve 11. One end of the adjusting screw 12 passes through the fixing sleeve 11 and is fixedly connected to the movable plug 13.

[0051] The nail fixation mechanism 7 is used to fix the intramedullary nail. The intramedullary nail is fitted into the slot of the fixation seat 71, and the clamping plugs 74 distributed around it are used to clamp and fix the intramedullary nail. Specifically, the movable plug 13 is moved in the fixed sleeve 11 by rotating the adjusting screw 12, which further presses the hydraulic oil into the annular cavity 73, thereby increasing the hydraulic pressure. The hydraulic pressure acts on the clamping plugs 74, pushing the clamping plugs 74 to complete the clamping and fixation. The spring 75 is used for elastic reset.

[0052] Specifically, the annular cavity 73 is filled with medical silicone oil. The movable plug 13 is pushed by the adjusting screw 12 to form volume compression, with a pressure range of 0.05-0.3MPa, thereby achieving axial drive of the clamping plug 74. When the adjusting screw 12 rotates in the opposite direction by 1 / 2 turn, the pressure is released and the plug is reset.

[0053] The auxiliary limiting mechanism 21 includes a fixed plate 211, an auxiliary collar 212, a damping ring cavity 213, a damping plate 214, a support crank 215, and an elastic holding member 216. The support crank 215 connects the handle body 1 and the fixed plate 211. The fixed plate 211, the auxiliary collar 212, and the damping plate 214 are all concentric spherical truncated structures. The fixed plate 211 has a damping ring cavity 213 inside. The damping plate 214 is set in the damping ring cavity 213 in a spherical fit manner. There is a fitting gap between the damping plate 214 and the damping ring cavity 213 for setting the elastic holding member 216. The elastic holding member 216 is located between the inner wall of the damping ring cavity 213 and the damping plate 214, and applies a pre-tightening pressure to the damping plate 214 to generate a circumferential damping force.

[0054] The entire structure adopts a concentric spherical design, enabling the intramedullary nail to simultaneously receive guiding support and damping limitation during angle adjustment and advancement. The support crank 215 securely positions the entire mechanism at the front end of the handle and maintains coaxiality with the deflection center of the angle adjustment mechanism, providing a spatial reference for the deflection movement of the intramedullary nail. The damping ring cavity 213, equivalent to a groove on the spherical trajectory, provides a circumferential guiding channel for the damping plate 214, allowing the limiting structure to swing in a controlled manner around the spherical center during deflection. The damping plate 214 is installed inside the damping ring cavity 213 and spherically engages with its inner wall. Through the elastic holding member 216, it forms a pre-tight contact with the inner wall of the damping ring cavity 213, ensuring that the damping plate 214 consistently bears elastic pressure as it swings on the spherical trajectory, generating smooth frictional damping. This provides continuous feedback force during angle adjustment, making the deflection movement gentle and controllable, preventing excessively rapid deflection. Or excessive deflection; the auxiliary collar 212 and the fixation plate 211 are kept at the same spherical center. The inner hole of the auxiliary collar 212 slides with the outer surface of the intramedullary nail, which plays a near-entry guiding role for the nail body when advancing or deflecting at a small angle. Moreover, its concentric cooperation with the damping plate 214 and the fixation plate 211 ensures that the intramedullary nail always moves along the spherical trajectory during the angle adjustment process, avoiding eccentricity or jamming. During the operation, the auxiliary collar 212 provides a stable entry guide for the intramedullary nail, the damping plate 214 achieves mechanical buffering through the damping medium, the fixation plate 211 provides spherical geometric constraints and structural support, and the support rod 215 keeps the overall position of the mechanism stable. The coordinated action of each component allows the intramedullary nail to move smoothly during deflection and advancement, while being moderately damped and limited, effectively preventing the outer segment of the nail from bending, deflecting or dislodging, and significantly improving the stability and safety of the operation.

[0055] The elastic holding member 216 is an elastic rubber pad, which is pre-pressed on the inner wall of the damping ring cavity 213 to generate uniform pressure on the outer surface of the damping plate 214. The coefficient of friction is about 0.15-0.25, and the damping force can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the elastic rubber pad.

[0056] Working principle and usage process of this invention:

[0057] Preparation stage

[0058] Insert the tail end of the intramedullary nail into the socket groove of the nail body fixing mechanism 7, ensuring that the nail body is aligned with the axis of the socket groove. Rotate the adjusting screw 12 to push the movable plug 13 to inject hydraulic oil into the annular cavity 73 through the through hole 14. The hydraulic oil pressure acts on the clamping plug 74, causing it to squeeze the intramedullary nail inward, thereby achieving uniform clamping and fixing.

[0059] Initial positioning phase

[0060] Hold the handle body 1 and align the front end of the intramedullary nail with the medullary cavity entrance. By observing the notch 9 and the indicator arc plate 10 of the scale indicator mechanism, confirm the initial position scale. The auxiliary collar 212 of the auxiliary limiting mechanism 21 slides and cooperates with the intramedullary nail to provide entrance guidance support and ensure that the exposed part of the nail enters in a straight line without bending.

[0061] Advancement and control phase.

[0062] The rotating handle 64 of the rotating propulsion part 6 is turned, which drives the rotating shaft 63 to rotate. Gear 2 62 meshes with gear 1 61 to drive the lead screw 3 to rotate. The dense thread of the lead screw 3 causes the sliding part 4 (including the slider body 41 and the side slider 42) to move back and forth stably along the slide groove 19, pushing the deflection support part 5 and the nail body fixing mechanism 7 forward, realizing the fine adjustment of the intramedullary nail. The damping ring 17 maintains the rotation damping of the lead screw 3 to prevent it from retracting on its own. The indicator arc plate 10 slides along the notch 9 to display the advance displacement scale in real time, ensuring precise control of the insertion depth and avoiding over- or under-insertion.

[0063] Angle adjustment stage

[0064] If the insertion angle needs to be adjusted, first loosen the locking screw 55 to release the fixation of the deflection ball 53, rotate the adjustment plate 81 of the control adjustment part 8, and the rotating ring 83 and the retaining ring 85 rotate stably in the fitting ring groove 84. Change the direction of the extrusion screw 82, screw in the extrusion screw 82, and make it push the deflection ball 53 along the contact groove 57 to deflect in the fitting cavity 52, so as to achieve angle change in any direction. The damping plate 214 of the auxiliary limiting mechanism 21 is subjected to the action of the elastic holding member in the damping ring cavity 213, which provides damping force, so that the deflection action is smooth and controllable, and prevents excessive deviation. At the same time, the spherical concentric design ensures that the auxiliary collar 212 moves synchronously with the deflection center, providing continuous guidance and limiting, and preventing the exposed part of the nail from bending or falling out. After the adjustment is completed, tighten the locking screw 55 to lock the deflection ball 53 and maintain the angle stability.

[0065] Fixing and Completion Phase

[0066] After confirming that the intramedullary nail is in place, check the scale indicator mechanism to confirm the final displacement. If fine adjustment and retraction are required, reverse the rotation handle 64 to reverse the screw 3. After the operation, reverse the adjustment screw 12 to release the hydraulic pressure of the annular cavity 73, the spring 75 resets the clamping plug 74, and the intramedullary nail fixation is released.

Claims

1. An elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with an auxiliary limiting mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a handle body (1), a fine-tuning propulsion mechanism, an angle adjustment mechanism, a nail fixing mechanism (7) and a scale indicator mechanism, and also includes an auxiliary limiting mechanism (21) fixed to the front end of the handle body (1). The fine-tuning propulsion mechanism includes a lead screw (3), a connecting seat (2), a sliding part (4), and a rotating propulsion part (6). The connecting seat (2) is fixed to the end of the handle body (1). The lead screw (3) is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat (2) and located inside the handle body (1). The sliding part (4) is threaded onto the lead screw (3) and slidably mounted in the handle body (1). The rotating propulsion part (6) is mounted on the connecting seat (2) and is used to control the sliding part (4) to reciprocate along the lead screw (3). The angle adjustment mechanism includes a deflection support (5) and a control adjustment (8). The control adjustment (8) is rotatably mounted on the deflection support (5). The deflection support (5) is fixed on the sliding part (4). The top of the deflection support (5) is fixedly connected to the nail fixing mechanism (7). The control adjustment (8) is used to control the deflection support (5) to deflect and change the angle, so that the nail fixing mechanism (7) drives the intramedullary nail installed on it to change the angle. The auxiliary limiting mechanism (21) is used to provide guidance and limiting support during the advancement or angle deflection of the nail body to prevent the exposed part of the nail body from bending and coming out.

2. The elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with auxiliary limiting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding part (4) includes a slider body (41), a side slider (42) and a support block (43). The slider body (41) is threaded onto the outer surface of the lead screw (3). The inner wall of the handle body (1) is provided with a groove (19). The side slider (42) is symmetrically fixed on the outer side of the slider body (41) and slides in the groove (19). The support block (43) is fixed on the outer side of the slider body (41). The inside of the handle body (1) is fixedly provided with a support plate (20). The front end of the lead screw (3) is rotated and sleeved in the support plate (20). The outer wall of the handle body (1) is fixedly provided with an anti-slip sleeve (22).

3. The elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with auxiliary limiting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating propulsion unit (6) includes a first gear (61), a second gear (62), a rotating shaft (63), a rotating handle (64), and a limiting ring (65). The first gear (61) and the limiting ring (65) are both fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the lead screw (3). The connecting seat (2) has an installation cavity (16) inside. The limiting ring (65) is rotatably sleeved in the installation cavity (16). The second gear (62) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (63). The end face of the connecting seat (2) is fixedly sleeved with a bearing (18). The rotating shaft (63) is installed in the bearing (18). The rotating handle (64) is fixed at the end of the rotating shaft (63). The first gear (61) and the second gear (62) are meshed together.

4. The elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with auxiliary limiting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the connecting seat (2) is provided with a gear cover (15), which is located outside the gear one (61) and gear two (62). The rotating shaft (63) is rotatably sleeved on the gear cover (15). The upper and lower surfaces of the connecting seat (2) are both sleeved with damping rings (17), which are sleeved on the outside of the lead screw (3).

5. The elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with auxiliary limiting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The scale indicator mechanism includes a notch (9) and an indicator arc plate (10). The notch (9) is opened on the outer side of the handle body (1), and the end face of the notch (9) is provided with a scale. The indicator arc plate (10) is fixed on the sliding part (4). One end of the indicator arc plate (10) is located at the inner wall of the notch (9), and the support block (43) is located in the notch (9).

6. The elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with auxiliary limiting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The deflection support (5) includes a mounting base (51), an adapter cavity (52), a deflection ball (53), a connecting rod (54), a locking screw (55), a locking sleeve (56), and an abutment groove (57). The mounting base (51) is fixed on the top of the support block (43). The adapter cavity (52) is opened on the top of the mounting base (51). The deflection ball (53) is rotatably sleeved in the adapter cavity (52). The connecting rod (54) is fixed on the top of the deflection ball (53). The locking sleeve (56) is fixed on the outside of the mounting base (51). The locking screw (55) is threaded into the locking sleeve (56), and one end of the locking screw (55) passes through the outer wall of the mounting base (51) and abuts against the deflection ball (53). The abutment groove (57) is opened on the outer surface of the deflection ball (53).

7. The elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with auxiliary limiting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control adjustment unit (8) includes an adjustment plate (81), a push screw (82), a rotating ring (83), an adapter ring groove (84), and a retaining ring (85). The adapter ring groove (84) is opened on the top of the mounting base (51). The rotating ring (83) is fixed to the bottom of the adjustment plate (81). The retaining ring (85) is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring (83). The rotating ring (83) and the retaining ring (85) are rotatably assembled in the adapter ring groove (84). The push screw (82) is threaded horizontally along the outer side of the adjustment plate (81). The push screw (82) is adapted to the position of the contact groove (57).

8. The elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with auxiliary limiting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The nail fixing mechanism (7) includes a fixing seat (71), a socket (72), an annular cavity (73), a clamping plug (74), and a spring (75). The fixing seat (71) is fixed to the end of the connecting rod (54). The top of the fixing seat (71) is provided with a socket groove. The socket (72) is opened around the fixing seat (71) at equal intervals and communicates with the socket groove. The annular cavity (73) is opened inside the fixing seat (71) and communicates with the socket (72). The clamping plug (74) is movably sleeved in the socket (72). One end of the spring (75) is fixedly connected to the clamping plug (74) and the other end is fixed in the annular cavity (73). The annular cavity (73) is filled with hydraulic oil. By controlling the hydraulic pressure inside the annular cavity (73), the clamping plug (74) clamps and fixes the intramedullary nail sleeved in the socket groove.

9. The elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with auxiliary limiting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixed sleeve (11) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed base (71). The outer wall of the fixed base (71) is provided with a through hole (14). The fixed sleeve (11) communicates with the annular cavity (73) through the through hole (14). The adjusting screw (12) is threaded onto the fixed sleeve (11). The movable plug (13) is movably fitted into the fixed sleeve (11). One end of the adjusting screw (12) passes through the fixed sleeve (11) and is fixedly connected to the movable plug (13).

10. The elastic intramedullary nail insertion handle with auxiliary limiting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary limiting mechanism (21) includes a fixed plate (211), an auxiliary collar (212), a damping ring cavity (213), a damping plate (214), a support crank (215), and an elastic holding member (216). The support crank (215) connects the handle body (1) and the fixed plate (211). The fixed plate (211), the auxiliary collar (212), and the damping plate (214) are all concentric spherical truncated structures. The fixed plate (211) is provided with a damping ring cavity (213). The damping plate (214) is set in the damping ring cavity (213) in a spherical fit manner. There is a fitting gap between the plate and the damping ring cavity (213) for setting the elastic holding member (216). The elastic holding member (216) is located between the inner wall of the damping ring cavity (213) and the damping plate (214) to apply a pre-tightening pressure to the damping plate (214) to generate circumferential damping force.

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