Laser melting wire discharging device with adjustable wire feeding nozzle, adjusting device and adjusting method
By combining the design of an axially adjustable wire feed nozzle with a detection device, the problems of easy wear and thermal damage to the wire feed nozzle were solved, enabling efficient adjustment and replacement and improving the quality of laser melting processing.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410131101.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing wire feed nozzles are prone to wear and thermal damage in laser melting processes, and are inconvenient to adjust, resulting in wire misalignment and reduced processing quality.
The wire feed nozzle is designed with an axially adjustable structure. The wire extension can be adjusted by adjusting the axial position of the wire feed nozzle. Combined with the locking structure of the transition connection and the protective air cover, the wire feed nozzle can be easily replaced and adjusted. The offset of the wire tip can be detected by a detection device.
It improves the adjustment efficiency of the wire feed nozzle, reduces offset and wobbling, enhances processing quality, and simplifies the wire feed nozzle replacement process.
Smart Images
Figure CN121551805A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser processing, specifically to a laser melting and wire feeding device with an adjustable wire feed nozzle, as well as an adjustment device and method for adjusting the wire feed nozzle. Background Technology
[0002] Laser processing technology utilizes the interaction between laser beams and matter to perform cutting, welding, additive manufacturing, surface treatment, drilling, and micromachining on materials (including metals and non-metals). As an advanced manufacturing technology, laser processing has been widely applied in important sectors of the national economy, such as automotive, electronics, electrical appliances, aerospace, metallurgy, and machinery manufacturing, playing an increasingly important role in improving product quality, labor productivity, automation, pollution reduction, and reducing material consumption.
[0003] Multi-laser melting processing typically involves distributing multiple laser lenses around the wire feeding device. As the wire is fed out of the device, multiple laser beams emitted at an angle from the multiple laser lenses simultaneously strike the bottom tip of the wire, causing the wire to melt rapidly under the action of superimposed high-energy laser beams. The wire feed nozzle is the last part to contact the wire during its exit, guiding it to maintain a straight exit. However, the wire continuously rubs against the nozzle during exit, causing wear on the inner contact area. Once this wear enlarges, the nozzle can no longer provide straight guidance and must be replaced; therefore, the wire feed nozzle is a consumable item. Due to the high energy generated by the laser lens and the excellent thermal conductivity of the wire, the temperature of the wire feed nozzle easily rises under heat transfer and radiation. Higher temperatures accelerate wear, making the nozzle more prone to damage the closer it is to the laser beam incident point. Conversely, when the nozzle is adjusted to a greater distance from the laser beam incident point, the bending of the extended portion of the wire protruding from the nozzle increases, causing the wire tip to deviate from the laser beam incident point and resulting in poor melting. Therefore, designing a laser melting and wire exiting device with an adjustable wire feed nozzle would significantly improve adjustment efficiency and processing quality. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a laser melting and wire-ejecting device with an adjustable wire feed nozzle. This device features an axially adjustable wire feed nozzle, allowing adjustment of the wire extension length by changing the axial position of the nozzle, significantly improving adjustment efficiency and processing quality. The nozzle can be indirectly connected and adjusted via a transition connection, reducing nozzle offset and wobbling. The split connection structure also facilitates nozzle replacement. The transition connection can accommodate a flow divider screen, ensuring laminar flow of protective gas and further enhancing processing quality. The nozzle assembly can be locked in place by a protective gas cover, making disassembly and adjustment more convenient. This invention also provides an adjustment device that allows direct adjustment of the nozzle assembly via an adjustment knob that engages with the bottom of the wire-ejecting device, eliminating the need to disassemble the protective gas cover and improving adjustment efficiency. Furthermore, a detection device monitors the offset of the wire tip during adjustment, ensuring the wire extension length is adjusted to a suitable level. Finally, this invention provides an adjustment method that automatically detects wire offset, ensuring reliable adjustment.
[0005] The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a laser melting wire feeding device with adjustable wire feed nozzle, comprising a wire feeding device body, a wire feed nozzle assembly, and a protective gas cover; the wire feeding device body includes a cylindrical base portion and an annular connecting portion extending downward from the bottom circumference of the base portion; the wire feed nozzle assembly is installed inside the annular connecting portion, the protective gas cover is installed outside the annular connecting portion, and the wire feed nozzle assembly can be adjusted to its axial position within the annular connecting portion.
[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wire feeding nozzle assembly includes a nozzle tip guide and a transition connection. The nozzle tip guide is connected to the wire output device body and / or the protective air cover through the transition connection, and the transition connection can drive the nozzle tip guide to move up and down axially relative to the wire output device body for adjustment. The nozzle tip guide and the transition connection are integrally connected or detachably connected.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tip guide is connected to the lower end of the transition connection portion, a wire through hole is provided at the central axis of the base portion, and the upper end of the transition connection portion is connected to the wire through hole.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tip guide is connected to the lower end of the transition connection portion, the transition connection portion includes a wire feed cylinder located in the middle and a transition connection ring connected to the circumference of the wire feed cylinder, the transition connection ring is connected to the annular connection portion and / or the protective gas cover; the transition connection ring has a protective gas channel with the upper and lower surfaces communicating.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a laminar flow screen is installed in the protective air channel, and the laminar flow screen is covered with multiple layers.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a wire through hole is provided at the central axis of the base portion, and the upper end of the wire feeding cylinder extends out of the transition connecting ring and is connected to the wire through hole.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner hole of the protective air cover is threadedly connected to the outer circle of the annular connecting part, and when the protective air cover is rotated upward to the bottom, the transition connecting ring is fixed relative to the annular connecting part.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base portion is provided with a protective gas channel, which is connected to the annular region at the lower end of the base portion located between the wire through hole and the annular connecting portion.
[0013] An adjustment device is used for the laser melting and wire output device with an adjustable wire feed nozzle; the bottom of the transition connection part is provided with an adjustment locking section; the adjustment device includes an adjustment knob, the adjustment knob includes a locking post and a gripping ring connected to the outside of the locking post, the upper end of the locking post can be sleeved on the adjustment locking section, and the gripping ring covers the outside of the protective gas cover.
[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment device further includes a detection device, which includes a light spot receiving port, a lens group installed at the bottom of the light spot receiving port, a lens located below the lens group, and a photosensitive element; the light spot receiving port is arched and covers the top of the lens group, and a filament passage hole is provided at the top of the light spot receiving port; a light source is installed on the upper surface inside the light spot receiving port around the filament passage hole; the lens group includes at least one imaging lens; the filament passes through the filament passage hole and its bottom end approaches the imaging lens to form an image.
[0015] The adjustment method, which uses the above-mentioned adjustment device to adjust the wire feeding nozzle assembly, includes the following adjustment steps: Step A: Control the laser melting and filament output device to move directly above the detection device and adjust its posture to be coaxial with the detection device, and install the adjustment knob; Step B: Control the laser melting and wire-ejection device to move downward and / or control the detection device to move upward, so that the wire passes through the wire through hole and approaches the imaging mirror; Step C: The photosensitive element collects light source information at the light spot receiving port, and after the filament is formed, the laser melting and filament output device is controlled to stop moving relative to the detection device; Step D: The light source information data is transmitted to the host computer, which calculates the centroid coordinates of the middle shadow area and the radius r of the shadow area. Step E: After loosening the protective air cover, rotate the adjustment knob to adjust the height of the wire feeding nozzle assembly, thereby increasing the length of the wire extending beyond the wire feeding nozzle. Step F: The photosensitive element collects the light source information at the light spot receiving port and judges the change in the position of the light spot. If the light spot remains stationary for a time greater than t, the host computer recalculates the centroid coordinates of the middle shadow part and calculates the deviation distance Δl between the original coordinates. Step G: The host computer calculates the relationship between the deviation distance Δl, the wire projection radius r, and the pre-stored adjustment parameter k. If Δl ≥ k * r, the host computer issues a prompt message indicating that the deviation distance has reached the threshold. Step H: Stop rotating the adjustment knob and tighten the protective gas cover.
[0016] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The laser melting wire feeding device of the present invention features an adjustable wire feeding nozzle with an axially adjustable structure. Adjusting the axial position of the nozzle allows for adjustment of the wire extension, significantly improving adjustment efficiency and processing quality. The wire feeding nozzle can be indirectly connected and adjusted via a transition connection, reducing nozzle offset and wobbling. The split connection structure also facilitates nozzle replacement. The transition connection can accommodate a flow divider screen, ensuring laminar flow of the protective gas, further enhancing processing quality. The wire feeding nozzle assembly can be locked in place by a protective gas cover, making disassembly and adjustment more convenient. The invention also provides an adjustment device that allows for direct adjustment of the wire feeding nozzle assembly via an adjustment knob that engages with the bottom of the wire feeding device, eliminating the need to disassemble the protective gas cover and improving adjustment efficiency. Furthermore, a detection device monitors the offset of the wire tip during adjustment, ensuring the wire extension is adjusted to a suitable length. Finally, the invention provides an adjustment method that automatically detects wire offset, ensuring reliable adjustment. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the laser melting and wire output device with adjustable wire feeding nozzle of the present invention connected to the laser lens. Figure 2 This is a front view of the laser melting and wire output device with adjustable wire feeding nozzle of the present invention connected to the laser lens; Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram in three sizes, shown in the enlarged view of a portion of the image; Figure 4 For the appendix Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the structural diagram of the wire bending; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the laser melting and wire output device with adjustable wire feeding nozzle of the present invention. Figures 6-11 These are schematic diagrams illustrating the structures of six embodiments of the feed nozzle assembly of the present invention; Figure 12This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the main body of the wire feeding device of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the protective air shield of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the adjustment knob in the snap-fit state of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of the adjustment knob being engaged and the detection device being used to detect the state of the present invention. Figure 16 For the appendix Figure 15 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the changes in the image formed by the filament on the photosensitive element. In the figure, 1-main body of the wire feeding device, 11-base part, 111-wire through hole, 112-protective air channel, 113-water cooling channel, 12-annular connecting part, 121-pressing notch, 122-pressing chamfer, 2-wire feeding nozzle assembly, 21-nozzle tip guide, 22-transition connecting part, 221-wire feeding cylinder, 2211-adjusting locking section, 222-transition connecting ring, 2221-protective air channel, 2222-laminar flow screen, 3-protective air cover, 31-pressing inclined surface, 4-adjusting knob, 41-locking post, 42-holding ring, 5-detection device, 51-light spot receiving port, 511-wire through hole, 512-light source, 52-lens group, 521-developing mirror, 53-lens, 54-photosensitive element, 6-laser lens, 7-wire. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 12 The laser melting wire feeding device with adjustable wire feed nozzle includes a wire feeding device body 1, a wire feed nozzle assembly 2, and a protective gas cover 3. The wire feeding device body 1 includes a cylindrical base part 11 and an annular connecting part 12 extending downward from the bottom circumference of the base part 11. The wire feed nozzle assembly 2 is installed inside the annular connecting part 12, and the protective gas cover 3 is installed outside the annular connecting part 12. The axial position of the wire feed nozzle assembly 2 within the annular connecting part 12 can be adjusted.
[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2, in multi-laser melting processing, the laser lenses 6 are usually distributed around the wire feeding device. While the wire 7 is fed out from the wire feeding device, multiple laser beams obliquely emitted by multiple groups of laser lenses 6 simultaneously irradiate the bottom tip of the wire 7, enabling the wire 7 to be rapidly melted under the action of the superimposed high-energy laser beams. The wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 is the last component that the wire 7 contacts when it is fed out. It is used to contact the wire 7 and provide a guiding function for the wire 7 to maintain a straight wire feeding. However, during the wire feeding process of the wire 7, continuous friction occurs with the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2, causing wear on the inner hole contact part of the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2. Once the wear causes the contact inner hole to expand, it can no longer play a straight guiding role and must be replaced. Therefore, the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 is a consumable; due to the large energy generated by the laser lenses 6 and the good heat conduction effect of the wire 7, the temperature of the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 is easily increased under the action of heat transfer and thermal radiation. The higher the temperature of the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2, the faster its wear rate. Therefore, the closer the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 is to the laser beam incident point, the easier it is to be damaged; when the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 is adjusted to a farther distance from the laser beam incident point, the bending degree of the dry extension part of the wire 7 extending out of the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 will increase, resulting in the tip of the wire 7 deviating from the laser beam incident point and deteriorating the melting effect; generally speaking, for wires 7 of the same material, the smaller the diameter, the easier it is to bend, and the smaller the dry extension required to ensure the straightness of the wire 7; as Figure 3 shown, when the wire diameter is D1, the dry extension length L1 that meets the processing requirements; then when the wire diameter D2 > D1, the dry extension length L2 > L1; when the wire diameter D3 < D1, the dry extension length L3 < L1; as Figure 4 shown, if the wire diameter is small and the dry extension length is large, the melted tip of the wire 7 is likely to deviate from the laser incident point. If the incident angle of the laser lens 6 is adjusted according to the deviation amount of the wire 7 tip, it will be very cumbersome: firstly, the installation position of the laser lens 6 is far from the tip of the wire 7, and a slight adjustment of the incident angle will cause a large deviation, requiring back-and-forth adjustment and low adjustment efficiency; secondly, multiple groups of laser lenses 6 are usually installed, and adjusting multiple groups of laser lenses 6 simultaneously will take multiple times as long; thirdly, the deviation direction of the wire 7 will change during the wire feeding process, and it is impossible to ensure that it always passes through the laser incident point. Therefore, designing the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 into an adjustable structure and adjusting the wire feeding nozzle to the longest dry extension length that can accept the deviation amount according to the bending degree of the wire 7 during use will be a better solution.
[0021] As Figures 6-11 shown, the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 includes a tip guiding part 21 and a transition connecting part 22. The tip guiding part 21 is connected to the wire feeding device main body 1 and / or the protective gas hood 3 through the transition connecting part 22, and the transition connecting part 22 can drive the tip guiding part 21 to move axially up and down relative to the wire feeding device main body 1 for adjustment; the tip guiding part 21 and the transition connecting part 22 are integrally connected or detachably connected.
[0022] During the processing, the tip guide 21 is more prone to damage than the transition connection 22. Therefore, a split threaded connection is usually adopted. Only the tip guide 21 needs to be replaced to meet the processing requirements and save processing costs.
[0023] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The tip guide 21 is connected to the lower end of the transition connection 22, and a wire through hole 111 is provided at the central axis of the base part 11. The upper end of the transition connection 22 is connected to the wire through hole 111.
[0024] As one embodiment, the transition connection part 22 is a round rod with a through hole in the center. Its upper end is threaded to the wire through hole 111, and its lower end is threaded to or integrally connected to the tip guide part 21. The wire 7 passes through the wire through hole 111 and enters the transition connection part 22, and finally enters the tip guide part 21 for wire feeding.
[0025] like Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 The tip guide 21 is connected to the lower end of the transition connection 22. The transition connection 22 includes a wire feed cylinder 221 located in the middle and a transition connection ring 222 connected to the circumference of the wire feed cylinder 221. The transition connection ring 222 is connected to the annular connection 12 and / or the protective gas cover 3. The transition connection ring 222 has a protective gas channel 2221 with the upper and lower surfaces connected.
[0026] As one embodiment, the transition connecting ring 222 and the wire feeding cylinder 221 are integrally connected. The diameter of the transition connecting ring 222 is much larger than the diameter of the wire feeding cylinder 221. Its connection and fixation with the wire output device body 1 can reduce the assembly error of the tip guide 21. Furthermore, the transition connecting ring 222 and the wire output device body 1 can be connected by precision threads, which can improve the coaxiality between the tip guide 21 and the wire output device body 1 and reduce the shaking of the tip guide 21 caused by assembly errors during the adjustment process.
[0027] As one embodiment, the transition connecting ring 222 and the wire feeding tube 221 can also be connected separately. The wire feeding tube 221 passes through the axis of the transition connecting ring 222. During the axial adjustment of the tip guide 21 driven by the wire feeding tube 221, the transition connecting ring 222 can remain fixed relative to the main body 1 of the wire feeding device, that is, the distance between the transition connecting ring 222 and the laser incident point remains unchanged, or the distance between the transition connecting ring 222 and the laser incident point can be adjusted separately so that the protective gas is not affected by the axial adjustment of the tip guide 21.
[0028] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 A laminar flow screen 2222 is installed inside the protective air passage 2221, and the laminar flow screen 2222 is covered with multiple layers.
[0029] The protective gas flows through the protective gas channel 2221 and exits in a laminar flow state after passing through multiple laminar flow screens 2222. This can improve the flow stability of the protective gas and achieve a better protective effect. Furthermore, the flow rate of the protective gas slows down after passing through the laminar flow screens 2222, which can reduce the impact on the wire material 7 and make the wire material 7 less prone to shaking.
[0030] like Figure 5 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 A wire through hole 111 is provided at the central axis of the base part 11, and a transition connecting ring 222 extends from the upper end of the wire feeding cylinder 221 and is connected to the wire through hole 111.
[0031] As an example, the connection between the upper end of the wire feeding cylinder 221 and the wire through hole 111 can improve the coaxiality between the wire feeding cylinder 221 and the main body 1 of the wire output device. In particular, when the laminar flow screen 2222 is installed in the protective gas channel 2221, the protective gas encounters a certain resistance when flowing through the laminar flow screen 2222, resulting in a larger gas pressure. The upper end of the wire feeding cylinder 221 and the wire through hole 111 are sealed by a sealing element, and the transition connecting ring 222 and the protective gas cover 3 are sealed by a sealing element, thereby preventing the protective gas from leaking and further preventing the leaked protective gas from affecting the laminar flow state of the gas.
[0032] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 The inner hole of the protective gas cover 3 is threadedly connected to the outer circle of the annular connecting part 12, and when the protective gas cover 3 is rotated upward to the bottom, the transition connecting ring 222 is fixed relative to the annular connecting part 12.
[0033] The inner surface of the protective gas cover 3 is provided with a locking structure that locks with the annular connecting part 12 and / or the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2, so that it can not only provide guidance for the protective gas, but also play a direct or indirect locking role for the transition connecting ring 222. As one embodiment, the annular connecting part 12 has multiple vertically extending pressing notches 121 on its circumference. The bottom outer side of the annular connecting part 12 has a pressing chamfer 122 that slopes inward from top to bottom. The inner side of the protective air cover 3 has a pressing slope 31 that cooperates with the pressing chamfer 122. When the protective air cover 3 is rotated upward to the bottom, the pressing slope 31 and the pressing chamfer 122 are pressed together and the annular connecting part 12 is squeezed inward. When the protective air cover 3 is rotated upward to the bottom, the pressing chamfer 122 squeezes the pressing slope 31. Since the annular connecting part 12 has pressing notches 121 on its circumference, the annular connecting part 12 can deform inward under the pressure, thereby achieving the clamping and fixing of the transition connecting ring 222.
[0034] like Figure 5 , Figure 12The base portion 11 is provided with a protective gas channel 112, which is connected to the annular area at the lower end of the base portion 11 located between the wire through hole 111 and the annular connecting portion 12.
[0035] The base portion 11 can also be provided with a water cooling channel 113, which forms a loop inside the base portion 11. The air inlet of the protective gas channel 112 and the water inlet and outlet of the water cooling channel 113 are both provided at the upper end of the base portion 11, which facilitates simultaneous connection with the transition connector.
[0036] like Figure 14 An adjustment device is used for the laser melting and wire output device with adjustable wire feeding nozzle; the bottom of the transition connection part 22 is provided with an adjustment locking section 2211; the adjustment device includes an adjustment knob 4, the adjustment knob 4 includes a locking post 41 and a gripping ring 42 connected to the outside of the locking post 41, the upper end of the locking post 41 can be sleeved on the adjustment locking section 2211, and the gripping ring 42 covers the outside of the protective gas cover 3.
[0037] The adjusting snap-fit section 2211 can be a hexagonal snap-fit structure, so that the snap-fit post 41 can drive the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 to rotate after snapping. The snap-fit post 41 and the gripping ring 42 are connected at the bottom, and its cross-section is "mountain" shaped, so that the protective air cover 3 can be embedded in the groove between the snap-fit post 41 and the gripping ring 42. The adjusting knob 4 will not interfere with the protective air cover 3 during the adjustment process.
[0038] like Figure 15 , Figure 16 The adjustment device also includes a detection device 5, which includes a light spot receiving port 51, a lens group 52 installed at the bottom of the light spot receiving port 51, a lens 53 located below the lens group 52, and a photosensitive element 54. The light spot receiving port 51 is arched and covers the lens group 52, and a wire passage hole 511 is opened at the top of the light spot receiving port 51. A light source 512 is installed on the upper surface inside the light spot receiving port 51 around the wire passage hole 511. The lens group 52 includes at least one imaging mirror 521. After the wire 7 passes through the wire passage hole 511, its bottom end approaches the imaging mirror 521 to form an image.
[0039] After the filament 7 passes through the filament through-hole 511, it is sealed by the light spot receiving port 51. The light source 512 illuminates the inside of the light spot receiving port 51, which can reduce the influence of ambient light and make the shadow at the bottom of the filament 7 clearly imaged on the imaging mirror 521. The imaging mirror 521 can be made of a semi-transparent film or a frosted thin film, which makes the bright and dark areas clearly distinguished and the calculation more accurate. The lens 53 enables the image on the lens group 52 to be projected normally onto the photosensitive element 54. Since the photosensitive element 54 and the lens group 52 are close, the lens 53 is usually a macro lens. The photosensitive element 54 is an image sensor such as CCD or CMOS, which is used to collect the light information at the light spot receiving port 51 and then transmit it to the host computer through electrical signals.
[0040] like Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 The adjustment method involves using the aforementioned adjustment device to adjust the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2, including the following adjustment steps: Step A: Control the laser melting and filament output device to move directly above the detection device 5 and adjust its posture to be coaxial with the detection device 5, and install the adjustment knob 4; Step B: Control the laser melting and wire-ejection device to move downward and / or control the detection device 5 to move upward, so that the wire 7 passes through the wire through hole 511 and approaches the imaging mirror 521; Step C: The photosensitive element 54 collects the light source information at the light spot receiving port 51. After the filament 7 is formed, the laser melting and filament output device is controlled to stop moving relative to the detection device 5. Step D: The light source information data is transmitted to the host computer, which calculates the centroid coordinates of the middle shadow area and the radius r of the shadow area. Step E: After loosening the protective air cover 3, turn the adjusting knob 4 to adjust the height of the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2, so that the length of the wire 7 extending out of the wire feeding nozzle 22 is increased. Step F: The photosensitive element 54 collects the light source information at the light spot receiving port 51 and judges the change in the position of the light spot. If the light spot remains stationary for a longer time than t, the host computer recalculates the centroid coordinates of the middle shadow part and calculates the deviation distance Δl between the original coordinates. Step G: The host computer calculates the relationship between the deviation distance Δl, the wire projection radius r, and the pre-stored adjustment parameter k. If Δl ≥ k * r, the host computer issues a prompt message indicating that the deviation distance has reached the threshold. Step H: Stop rotating the adjusting knob 4 and tighten the protective gas cover 3.
[0041] The adjustment method is usually performed after replacing the wire 7 and the wire feed nozzle 22 that matches the wire 7, or it can be performed after replacing the worn wire feed nozzle 22 during the processing. Before performing the adjustment method, the wire feed nozzle assembly 2 is usually adjusted to the lowest position, that is, the state in which the wire 7 extends the shortest distance from the wire feed nozzle 22, and the adjustment is performed based on this state.
[0042] In step A, when the laser melting and wire-ejecting device moves above the detection device 5, there is enough space to install the adjustment knob 4, so that the adjustment knob 4 can be engaged. In step B, when the wire 7 passes through the wire through hole 511, try to keep it in the middle of the wire through hole 511 and slow down to approach the imaging mirror 521 to ensure that the wire 7 does not touch the wire through hole 511 and the imaging mirror 521 and cause deformation. In step C, when the distance between the wire 7 and the developing mirror 521 is far, the bottom of the wire 7 has serious light leakage and the edge of the end is not clear. Only when the wire 7 is close enough to the developing mirror 521 can the edge of the end of the wire 7 be clearly displayed. In step D, when the wire 7 has a non-circular cross section, the host computer calculates the perimeter or area of the shadowed part of the wire image, and then calculates the radius by converting it into the perimeter or area of a circle. In step E, during the rotation of the adjustment knob 4, try not to apply any lateral force to the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 to ensure that the adjustment process of the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 is smooth. In step F, the light spot is stationary for a period of time before the calculation is performed. This can prevent the wire feeding nozzle assembly 2 from shaking and causing the wire 7 to tilt during the rotation of the adjustment knob 4. The calculation of the coordinates of the wire 7 after the adjustment is completed can ensure the reliability of the data, which is similar to filtering. The stationary time t is generally taken as 0.5-3 seconds. In step G, the parameter k is adjusted based on factors such as the material of the wire 7, laser parameters, and process requirements, and is usually 0.2-2. The prompt information can be a visual prompt or sound prompt issued by the host computer, or it can be issued by external hardware controlled by the host computer.
[0043] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention. All technical contents for which protection is sought in this invention have been fully described in the claims.
Claims
1. A laser melting wire feeding device with an adjustable wire feed nozzle, characterized in that: The device includes a main body (1) for a wire feeding device, a wire feeding nozzle assembly (2) and a protective air cover (3); the main body (1) for a wire feeding device includes a cylindrical base (11) and an annular connecting part (12) extending downward from the bottom circumference of the base (11); the wire feeding nozzle assembly (2) is installed inside the annular connecting part (12), the protective air cover (3) is installed outside the annular connecting part (12), and the wire feeding nozzle assembly (2) can be adjusted to its axial position within the annular connecting part (12).
2. The laser melting wire feeding device with adjustable wire feed nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire feeding nozzle assembly (2) includes a tip guide (21) and a transition connection (22). The tip guide (21) is connected to the wire output device body (1) and / or the protective air cover (3) through the transition connection (22). The transition connection (22) can drive the tip guide (21) to move up and down relative to the wire output device body (1) along the axial direction for adjustment. The tip guide (21) and the transition connection (22) are integrally connected or detachably connected.
3. The laser melting wire feeding device with adjustable wire feed nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tip guide (21) is connected to the lower end of the transition connection (22), and a wire through hole (111) is provided at the central axis of the base (11). The upper end of the transition connection (22) and the wire through hole (111) are connected in cooperation.
4. The laser melting wire feeding device with adjustable wire feed nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tip guide (21) is connected to the lower end of the transition connection (22). The transition connection (22) includes a wire feed cylinder (221) located in the middle and a transition connection ring (222) connected to the circumference of the wire feed cylinder (221). The transition connection ring (222) is connected to the annular connection (12) and / or the protective gas cover (3). The transition connection ring (222) has a protective gas channel (2221) with the upper and lower surfaces connected.
5. The laser melting and wire output device with adjustable wire feed nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: A laminar flow screen (2222) is installed inside the protective gas channel (2221), and the laminar flow screen (2222) is covered with multiple layers.
6. The laser melting wire feeding device with adjustable wire feed nozzle according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The base part (11) has a wire through hole (111) at the central axis, and the upper end of the wire feeding cylinder (221) extends out of the transition connecting ring (222) and is connected to the wire through hole (111).
7. The laser melting wire feeding device with adjustable wire feed nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner hole of the protective air cover (3) is threadedly connected to the outer circle of the annular connecting part (12), and when the protective air cover (3) is rotated to the top, the transition connecting ring (222) is fixed relative to the annular connecting part (12).
8. The laser melting wire feeding device with adjustable wire feed nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base part (11) is provided with a protective air channel (112), which is connected to the annular area at the lower end of the base part (11) between the wire through hole (111) and the annular connecting part (12).
9. An adjusting device, characterized in that: The laser melting and wire feeding device with adjustable wire feed nozzle as described in any one of claims 2-8; the bottom of the transition connection part (22) is provided with an adjustment locking section (2211); the adjustment device includes an adjustment knob (4), the adjustment knob (4) includes a locking post (41) and a gripping ring (42) connected to the outside of the locking post (41), the upper end of the locking post (41) can be sleeved on the adjustment locking section (2211), and the gripping ring (42) covers the outside of the protective gas cover (3).
10. The adjusting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The adjustment device also includes a detection device (5), which includes a light spot receiving port (51), a lens group (52) installed at the bottom of the light spot receiving port (51), a lens (53) located below the lens group (52), and a photosensitive element (54). The light spot receiving port (51) is arched and covers the lens group (52), and a wire passage hole (511) is provided on the upper part of the light spot receiving port (51). A light source (512) is installed on the upper surface of the light spot receiving port (51) around the wire passage hole (511). The lens group (52) includes at least one imaging lens (521). The bottom end of the wire (7) approaches the imaging lens (521) after passing through the wire passage hole (511) to form an image.
11. An adjustment method, characterized in that, Adjusting the wire feeding nozzle assembly (2) using the adjusting device according to claim 10 includes the following adjustment steps: Step A: Control the laser melting and filament output device to move directly above the detection device (5) and adjust its posture to be coaxial with the detection device (5), and install the adjustment knob (4). Step B: Control the laser melting filament output device to move down and / or control the detection device (5) to move up, so that the filament (7) passes through the filament through hole (511) and approaches the imaging mirror (521). Step C: The photosensitive element (54) collects the light source information at the light spot receiving port (51), and after the filament (7) is formed, the laser melting and filament output device is controlled to stop moving relative to the detection device (5); Step D: The light source information data is transmitted to the host computer, which calculates the centroid coordinates of the middle shadow area and the radius r of the shadow area. Step E: After loosening the protective air cover (3), turn the adjustment knob (4) to adjust the height of the wire feeding nozzle assembly (2) so that the length of the wire (7) extending out of the wire feeding nozzle (22) increases; Step F: The photosensitive element (54) collects the light source information at the light spot receiving port (51) and judges the change of the light spot position. If the light spot remains stationary for a time greater than t, the host computer recalculates the centroid coordinates of the middle shadow part and calculates the deviation distance Δl between the original coordinates. Step G: The host computer calculates the relationship between the deviation distance Δl, the wire projection radius r, and the pre-stored adjustment parameter k. If Δl ≥ k * r, the host computer issues a prompt message indicating that the deviation distance has reached the threshold. Step H: Stop rotating the adjustment knob (4) and tighten the protective air cover (3).