Optical fiber laser welding equipment with automatic positioning function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and discloses automatic positioning optical fiber laser welding equipment which comprises a rack, two parallel electric guide rails are installed on one side of the top of the rack, a connecting plate is slidably connected to the outer sides of the electric guide rails through electric sliding blocks, and a chuck is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate; a fixing seat is fixedly connected to the outer side of the chuck, a mounting groove is formed in the fixing seat, and an annular connecting groove is formed in the inner side wall of the mounting groove. Preliminary centering guiding is achieved through the conical face, matched with the shaft part, of the conical base, meanwhile, the conical base moves to drive the second driving rack, the first driving gear and the first driving rack to be linked, the abutting plate is promoted to abut against the outer surface of the shaft part accurately, multi-directional synchronous positioning constraint is formed, radial deviation of the shaft part before welding is effectively avoided, and the welding quality is improved. And it is ensured that the central axes of the two to-be-welded shaft parts are strictly aligned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology, specifically to an automated positioning fiber laser welding device. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as machinery manufacturing, automotive industry, and aerospace, shaft parts (such as drive shafts, motor shafts, and hydraulic piston rods) serve as core transmission and support components, and their connection quality directly determines the operational accuracy, stability, and service life of the entire equipment. Fiber laser welding, with its advantages of high energy density, fast welding speed, and small heat-affected zone, has become one of the mainstream processes for connecting shaft parts, especially suitable for high-precision, high-strength shaft part docking scenarios.

[0003] The welding of shaft parts needs to meet two core requirements: first, the central axes of the parts to be welded must be precisely aligned; and second, the surface quality and structural strength of the welded joint must meet standards. Currently, the industry has developed a certain technical system for fiber laser welding equipment for shaft parts, but many problems still need to be solved in practical applications.

[0004] In the positioning and clamping process, existing technologies are mainly divided into two categories: manual positioning and mechanical positioning. Manual positioning relies on operators adjusting the relative positions of shaft parts through visual observation and feeler gauge measurements, followed by fixing with a chuck or clamp. This method is not only inefficient but also susceptible to human experience and visual errors, making it difficult to ensure strict alignment of the central axes of two shaft parts. This can easily lead to radial offset and coaxiality deviations, resulting in uneven stress and insufficient strength in the welded joint. Subsequent equipment operation can generate vibration and noise, and even cause fatigue fracture of the parts. Even equipment using simple mechanical positioning often employs rigid positioning mechanisms that lack self-adjusting capabilities, making them unsuitable for shaft parts of different diameters and tolerance ranges. Furthermore, during the process from positioning to chuck clamping, slight displacement of the parts can cause positioning failure, further affecting welding accuracy.

[0005] In terms of post-weld processing and production flow, the problem of fragmented processes in existing equipment is particularly prominent. Most equipment only has a single welding function, and after welding, the workpiece must be manually transferred to a dedicated grinding machine to remove weld burrs and slag. During manual transfer, the workpiece is easily damaged by collisions and friction, and secondary clamping will introduce new positioning errors, affecting the accuracy of subsequent processing. Moreover, manual loading, unloading, and transferring of workpieces is time-consuming and labor-intensive, which not only reduces overall production efficiency but also increases labor costs and operational safety risks. Some equipment that integrates grinding functions often has a fixed grinding mechanism that can only perform grinding in one direction, making it difficult to perform all-round and uniform treatment of the weld, resulting in poor weld surface flatness and failing to meet the assembly requirements of high-precision shaft parts. To address these issues, those skilled in the art have proposed an automated positioning fiber laser welding device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automated positioning fiber laser welding device, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automated positioning fiber laser welding device, comprising a frame, two parallel electric guide rails mounted on one side of the top of the frame, a connecting plate slidably connected to the outer side of the electric guide rails via an electric slider, a chuck fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate, a fixed seat fixedly connected to the outer side of the chuck, an installation groove inside the fixed seat, an annular connecting groove on the inner wall of the installation groove, a conical seat elastically connected to the inner wall of the installation groove via a return spring, a second drive rack fixedly connected to the outer side of the conical seat, a first drive gear meshing with the second drive rack movably connected to the inner side of the connecting groove via a bearing, a first drive rack also meshing with the outer side of the first drive gear, and a stop plate for pressing against shaft-like parts fixedly connected to the bottom of the first drive rack. When the shaft-like part enters the conical seat, the conical seat moves, causing the second drive rack to move synchronously, and the first drive rack moves downward through the first drive gear, so that the stop plate presses against the outer surface of the shaft-like part to achieve center positioning.

[0008] Through the above technical solution, a stable installation foundation is provided by the frame. The electric guide rail drives the connecting plate and subsequent positioning components to flexibly adjust their positions. The conical structure of the conical seat achieves initial centering guidance for shaft parts. With the elastic support of the return spring, the conical seat can adapt to the insertion depth of the part. Then, through the linkage transmission of drive rack two, drive gear one and drive rack one, the abutment plate is driven to precisely press against the outer surface of the shaft part from multiple circumferential directions, forming a uniform positioning constraint, effectively counteracting the radial offset trend of the part, and forcing the central axis of the part to coincide with the preset positioning axis, achieving high-precision center positioning. At the same time, the chuck can firmly clamp the positioned part to prevent positioning failure due to vibration, thermal deformation and other factors during welding. This provides a reliable guarantee for the precise alignment of the joint in subsequent laser welding, significantly improving the coaxiality and joint connection accuracy of shaft parts welding, and ensuring the structural strength and service stability of the welded product.

[0009] Preferably, a second drive motor is installed on the top center side of the frame, and a sector gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second drive motor. A groove corresponding to the sector gear is opened on the top of the frame, and a limiting seat is fixedly connected inside the groove. A movable seat is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting seat, and the inner side of the movable seat is provided with teeth that match the sector gear. When the second drive motor drives the sector gear to rotate, it drives the movable seat to slide back and forth along the limiting seat.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, the drive motor 2 provides stable rotational power, and with the meshing transmission of the sector gear and the inner teeth of the moving seat, combined with the precise guidance and stroke limitation of the moving seat by the limit seat, the rotational motion of the drive motor 2 is smoothly converted into the reciprocating linear motion of the moving seat. The transmission process is stable and controllable, and the bidirectional sliding of the moving seat can be achieved without frequent switching of motor direction, simplifying the control logic and reducing energy consumption. It can not only provide the axial motion basis for the subsequent reciprocating grinding of the weld seam by the steel brush driven by the annular sleeve, but also synchronously drive the movable rod to drive the rubber piston to generate air pressure changes, providing power for the negative pressure collection of debris, realizing the power coordination of the grinding and debris collection processes, and ensuring the efficient linkage operation of various functional modules of the equipment.

[0011] Preferably, a fixed frame is fixedly connected to the top rear side of the frame. A drive motor is installed at one end of the fixed frame. A drive screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor. A mounting bracket is threaded to the outer side of the drive screw. A fiber laser welding head is installed on the outer surface of the mounting bracket. The drive motor drives the drive screw to rotate, causing the mounting bracket to move along the drive screw. The two shaft parts are welded by the fiber laser welding head.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, a rigid mounting support is provided by the fixed frame on the rear top of the frame, ensuring the stability and coaxiality of each component during the welding process. The drive motor one serves as a power source, outputting precise rotational power. The rotational motion is smoothly converted into the linear motion of the mounting frame through the helical transmission of the drive screw. Moreover, the screw transmission has high-precision positioning characteristics, which can realize millimeter-level or even micrometer-level displacement adjustment of the fiber laser welding head, enabling it to accurately align with the butt weld of two shaft parts. At the same time, by controlling the speed and direction of the drive motor one, the welding speed and welding path can be flexibly adjusted, allowing the fiber laser welding head to perform continuous and uniform welding treatment on the weld, effectively reducing the heat-affected zone, reducing welding defects, and significantly improving the strength, sealing performance, and consistency of the welded joint of shaft parts, ensuring the high quality and reliability of the welded products.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the movable seat is fixedly connected to a support base, and a rotating plate is rotatably connected to the top side of the support base via an electric rotating shaft. An annular sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating plate, and a third drive motor is fixedly connected to the outer side of the annular sleeve. A second drive gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the third drive motor. A gear ring that meshes with the second drive gear is rotatably installed on the inner side of the annular sleeve, and a rotating ring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the gear ring. Multiple steel brushes are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner surface of the rotating ring. After the workpiece is welded, the rotating plate is driven to rotate by the electric rotating shaft, so that the annular sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the workpiece. The third drive motor is started to drive the second drive gear, the gear ring, and the rotating ring to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the annular sleeve to move back and forth in conjunction with the movable seat. The steel brushes automatically polish the welded part of the workpiece.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the moving seat drives the support seat to move back and forth synchronously, and the electric rotating shaft drives the rotating plate to flip, so that the ring sleeve can avoid the workpiece during the welding stage and be accurately fitted onto the welding part during the grinding stage, and the process switching can be completed without manual intervention.

[0015] Preferably, an installation cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the inner side of the groove. The installation cylinder has a cavity inside. A rubber piston is slidably connected to the inner side of the cavity. A movable rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rubber piston. A connecting pipe one and a connecting pipe two are connected in sequence on the outer surface of the installation cylinder. One end of the connecting pipe two is connected to an annular pipe. Multiple negative pressure pipes are provided on the outer surface of the annular pipe. One end of the annular pipe is connected to a collection box.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the structure uses the groove as the mounting support to achieve a compact layout of each component. The cavity inside the mounting cylinder provides a closed space for air pressure regulation. The rubber piston and the cavity are sealed and slide together, which can accurately change the air pressure inside the cavity under the action of the moving rod. Connecting pipe one and connecting pipe two, together with the reverse-direction one-way valve, form a directional airflow channel, which allows the gas to be directionally delivered to the annular pipe. The negative pressure pipes distributed circumferentially on the outer surface of the annular pipe can accurately align with the steel brush grinding area. The negative pressure suction generated by the air pressure change is used to adsorb the grinding debris in real time. Then, the debris is efficiently transported to the collection box for centralized storage through the annular pipe. This not only avoids the debris from scattering and contaminating the key components of the equipment and affecting the welding and grinding accuracy, but also prevents the accumulation of debris from causing equipment failure and ensures the cleanliness of the processing environment.

[0017] Preferably, both the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are equipped with one-way valves. The two one-way valves have opposite conduction directions. When the moving seat drives the movable rod to move back and forth, the rubber piston changes the air pressure inside the cavity. Using Bernoulli's principle, the debris generated by grinding is adsorbed through the negative pressure pipe and collected into the collection box through the annular pipe.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the reverse-flow one-way valve, in conjunction with the air pressure regulation of the rubber piston, uses Bernoulli's principle to generate stable suction in the negative pressure tube, which adsorbs grinding debris in real time and collects it into the collection box through the annular tube. No additional drive is required, which is highly efficient, clean, and ensures stable operation of the equipment.

[0019] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the annular tube is smaller than the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting cylinder, and the end of the movable rod away from the rubber piston is fixedly connected to one end of the movable seat.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, the connection between the movable rod and the moving seat can be used to realize the reciprocating motion of the rubber piston. The smaller cross-sectional area of ​​the annular tube can increase the airflow speed and enhance the negative pressure suction to efficiently adsorb debris.

[0021] Preferably, a placement box for storing workpieces to be processed is fixedly connected to the top left side of the frame, a robotic arm is installed on the other side of the top of the frame, and a storage slot for storing finished workpieces is opened on the top front side of the frame. The robotic arm is used to transfer the workpieces to be processed in the placement box to the inside of the conical seat, and to transfer the workpieces after welding to the storage slot.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the placement box and storage tank respectively realize the storage of workpieces to be processed and the collection of finished products. The robotic arm automatically completes the loading and unloading of workpieces without human intervention, thereby improving production efficiency and avoiding workpiece damage or positioning errors caused by manual transfer.

[0023] Preferably, the tapered seat has a tapered surface inside that is adapted to shaft-like parts, and the outer side of the first drive gear meshes with the outer side of the second drive rack.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, the matching conical surface of the conical seat can guide the initial centering of shaft parts, and the meshing transmission of drive gear one and drive rack two can transform the movement of the conical seat into the positioning action of the abutment plate, ensuring positioning accuracy.

[0025] Preferably, the negative pressure pipes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular pipe, and the opening of the negative pressure pipe corresponds to the grinding area of ​​the steel brush.

[0026] With the above technical solution, the negative pressure pipe is evenly distributed around the circumference and the pipe opening is aligned with the grinding area, which can capture debris in all directions, ensuring that there are no dead corners in the adsorption and improving the debris collection efficiency.

[0027] This invention provides an automated positioning fiber laser welding device. It has the following advantages:

[0028] 1. This invention achieves initial centering guidance through a tapered seat and a tapered surface adapted to the shaft-like parts. Combined with the elastic support of a return spring, the shaft-like parts can adaptively adjust their position during insertion. Simultaneously, the movement of the tapered seat drives the second drive rack, the first drive gear, and the first drive rack in tandem, causing the abutment plate to precisely press against the outer surface of the shaft-like parts, forming a multi-directional synchronous positioning constraint. This effectively prevents radial displacement of the shaft-like parts before welding, ensuring strict alignment of the central axes of the two shaft-like parts to be welded. Subsequently, a chuck securely clamps the positioned shaft-like parts, further locking their position and preventing positioning failures due to vibration, thermal deformation, or other factors during welding. This significantly improves the coaxiality and joint connection accuracy of the welded shaft-like parts, ensuring the structural strength and operational stability of the welded product.

[0029] 2. This invention achieves fully automated connection of the entire process of welding, grinding, and loading / unloading shaft parts, eliminating the need for manual intervention in workpiece transfer and operation, and significantly improving processing efficiency. After welding, the three-drive steel brushes rotate synchronously via a drive motor, and the moving seat drives the annular sleeve to move back and forth, enabling the steel brushes to perform all-round and uniform automatic grinding of the welded area, effectively removing burrs, weld slag, and other impurities, ensuring the surface flatness and processing accuracy of the welded area. At the same time, the robotic arm can automatically complete the loading operation of the workpiece to be processed from the placement box to the conical seat, and the unloading operation of the finished workpiece from the positioning mechanism to the storage tank. This not only avoids the secondary positioning errors and surface damage that may be caused by manual workpiece transfer, but also reduces labor costs and operational risks, significantly improving the automation level and production continuity of the equipment, and adapting to the needs of mass production.

[0030] 3. This invention utilizes the linkage design of the movable seat and the movable rod, allowing the rubber piston to synchronously change the internal air pressure of the cavity as the movable seat reciprocates. Combined with Bernoulli's principle, this creates a stable negative pressure adsorption force. Negative pressure tubes distributed circumferentially through the annular tube precisely capture the grinding debris and quickly collect it into the collection box. This design eliminates the need for an additional independent negative pressure drive device, cleverly utilizing the reciprocating motion of the movable seat during the grinding process as the power source for generating negative pressure. This simplifies the equipment structure, reduces energy consumption, and achieves real-time synchronous collection of debris. Simultaneously, the negative pressure tubes precisely correspond to the steel brush grinding area, efficiently adsorbing fine debris and preventing debris from scattering and contaminating equipment parts, affecting welding and grinding accuracy. It also prevents equipment malfunctions caused by debris accumulation, ensuring the cleanliness of the processing environment and further improving the stability and continuity of the production process. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the movable seat structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the annular sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting cylinder of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixing base of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing frame structure of the present invention.

[0040] The components include: 1. Frame; 2. Placement box; 31. Fixing frame; 32. Drive motor one; 33. Drive screw; 34. Mounting bracket; 35. Fiber laser welding head; 4. Electric guide rail; 5. Chuck; 61. Fixing base; 62. Connecting plate; 63. Mounting slot; 64. Connecting slot; 65. Conical seat; 66. Return spring; 67. Drive gear one; 68. Drive rack one; 69. Drive rack two; 7. Robotic arm; 81. Installation... 82. Cylinder; 83. Movable rod; 84. Rubber piston; 85. Connecting pipe one; 86. Cavity; 87. Connecting pipe two; 88. Annular pipe; 89. Collection box; 90. Negative pressure pipe; 91. Moving seat; 92. Drive motor two; 93. Sector gear; 94. Limiting seat; 10. Support seat; 11. Steel brush; 12. Rotating plate; 13. Annular sleeve; 14. Drive motor three; 15. Gear ring; 16. Drive gear two; 17. Rotating ring. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 9 This invention provides an automated positioning fiber laser welding device, including a frame 1. Two parallel electric guide rails 4 are mounted on one side of the top of the frame 1. A connecting plate 62 is slidably connected to the outer side of the electric guide rails 4 via an electric slider. A chuck 5 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate 62. A fixing seat 61 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the chuck 5. An installation groove 63 is formed inside the fixing seat 61. An annular connecting groove 64 is formed on the inner wall of the installation groove 63. A conical seat 65 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the installation groove 63 via a return spring 66. A drive rack 69 is fixedly connected to the outer side of 5. A drive gear 67 that meshes with the drive rack 69 is movably connected to the inner side of the connecting groove 64 via a bearing. A drive rack 68 is also meshed with the outer side of the drive gear 67. An abutment plate for pressing against the shaft part is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drive rack 68. When the shaft part is inserted into the tapered seat 65, the tapered seat 65 moves, causing the drive rack 69 to move synchronously. The drive rack 68 moves downward through the drive gear 67, so that the abutment plate presses against the outer surface of the shaft part to achieve center positioning.

[0043] Specifically, the frame 1 serves as the mounting base for the entire positioning mechanism, providing stable support for components such as the electric guide rails 4 and the chuck 5, ensuring the consistency and reliability of the movement of each structure during the positioning process. Two parallel electric guide rails 4 provide guidance and a movement path for the connecting plate 62. The electric slider can drive the connecting plate 62 and subsequent connected positioning components to move as a whole, flexibly adjusting the relative positions of the shaft parts to be welded to meet the welding requirements of different lengths and spacings. The clamping function of the chuck 5 locks the positioned shaft parts in place, preventing displacement during welding. Furthermore, the fixed base 61 provides a mounting carrier for the internal positioning components, and the mounting groove 63 inside the fixed base 61 provides space for the tapered seat 65 and the return spring 66.

[0044] The tapered seat 65 has a tapered surface structure inside that provides guidance and self-centering characteristics. When a shaft-like part is inserted, the tapered surface automatically corrects the initial placement deviation of the part by making contact with the outer surface of the part, guiding the part toward the central axis and laying the foundation for subsequent precise positioning. Simultaneously, the tapered seat 65 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove 63 via a return spring 66. The return spring 66 not only provides elastic support for the tapered seat 65, allowing it to move adaptively with the depth of part insertion, but also resets the tapered seat 65 after the part is removed, facilitating the next positioning operation.

[0045] A second drive motor 92 is installed on the top center side of the frame 1. A sector gear 93 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second drive motor 92. A groove corresponding to the sector gear 93 is opened on the top of the frame 1. A limit seat 94 is fixedly connected inside the groove. A movable seat 91 is slidably connected to the inner side of the limit seat 94. The inner side of the movable seat 91 is provided with teeth that match the sector gear 93. When the second drive motor 92 drives the sector gear 93 to rotate, it drives the movable seat 91 to slide back and forth along the limit seat 94.

[0046] Specifically, the movable seat 91, as a motion execution component, has teeth on its inner side that precisely mesh with the sector gear 93, converting the rotational motion of the sector gear 93 into its own linear sliding motion. When the drive motor 92 drives the sector gear 93 to rotate clockwise, the teeth of the sector gear 93 mesh with the teeth of the movable seat 91, pushing the movable seat 91 to slide to one side along the limit seat 94. When the sector gear 93 rotates to the toothless area, the meshing relationship with the movable seat 91 is released. Subsequently, the sector gear 93 rotates counterclockwise, and its teeth mesh with the teeth of the movable seat 91 again, pulling the movable seat 91 to slide to the other side, thereby realizing the reciprocating linear motion of the movable seat 91.

[0047] A mounting bracket 31 is fixedly connected to the top rear side of the frame 1. A drive motor 32 is installed at one end of the mounting bracket 31. A drive screw 33 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 32. A mounting bracket 34 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the drive screw 33. A fiber laser welding head 35 is installed on the outer surface of the mounting bracket 34. The drive motor 32 drives the drive screw 33 to rotate, causing the mounting bracket 34 to move along the drive screw 33. The two shaft parts are welded through the fiber laser welding head 35.

[0048] Specifically, the fiber laser welding head 35, as the executing component for welding operations, emits a laser beam with high energy density and good focusing, which can quickly melt the mating parts of shaft-type parts and form a strong weld. Driven by the drive motor 32, the fiber laser welding head 35 moves smoothly along the drive screw 33 with the mounting frame 34, enabling continuous and uniform welding treatment of the weld, effectively reducing welding defects and improving the strength and sealing of the welded joint.

[0049] One end of the movable seat 91 is fixedly connected to a support seat 10. A rotating plate 12 is rotatably connected to the top side of the support seat 10 via an electric rotating shaft. An annular sleeve 13 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating plate 12. A drive motor 14 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the annular sleeve 13. A drive gear 16 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 14. A gear ring 15 that meshes with the drive gear 16 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the annular sleeve 13. A rotating ring 17 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the gear ring 15. Multiple steel brushes 11 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner surface of the rotating ring 17. After the workpiece is welded, the rotating plate 12 is driven to rotate by the electric rotating shaft, so that the annular sleeve 13 is fitted onto the outside of the workpiece. The drive motor 14 is started to drive the drive gear 16, the gear ring 15 and the rotating ring 17 to rotate synchronously. The movable seat 91 drives the annular sleeve 13 to move back and forth, and the steel brushes 11 automatically grind the welded part of the workpiece.

[0050] Specifically, the annular sleeve 13 on the outer side of the rotating plate 12 adopts a hollow structure, which not only provides a mounting carrier for components such as the drive motor 14 and the gear ring 15, but also adapts to the circumferential grinding requirements of shaft-type workpieces through the annular structure, ensuring that the steel brush 11 can fully cover the weld area. The drive motor 14 on the outer side of the annular sleeve 13 serves as the grinding power source, and its output end is fixedly connected to the drive gear 16, which can accurately transmit rotational power to the transmission structure. By controlling the motor speed, the grinding intensity of the steel brush 11 can be adjusted to adapt to the grinding requirements of different welds. Multiple steel brushes 11 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner surface of the rotating ring 17. The steel brushes 11 are made of high-hardness, wear-resistant bristles, which can effectively remove burrs, weld slag and other impurities at the weld. The circumferentially evenly distributed design allows the grinding force to be applied evenly along the circumference of the workpiece, avoiding over-grinding or omission in some areas, and ensuring the uniform flatness of the weld surface; at the same time, the elasticity of the steel brushes 11 can adapt to the small unevenness of the weld, achieving flexible grinding and preventing scratches on the workpiece substrate.

[0051] An installation cylinder 81 is fixedly connected to one side of the groove. The installation cylinder 81 has a cavity 85 inside. A rubber piston 83 is slidably connected to the inner side of the cavity 85. A movable rod 82 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rubber piston 83. Connecting pipe 1 84 and connecting pipe 2 86 are sequentially connected to the outer surface of the installation cylinder 81. One end of connecting pipe 2 86 is connected to an annular pipe 87. Multiple negative pressure pipes 89 are provided on the outer surface of the annular pipe 87. One end of the annular pipe 87 is connected to a collection box 88. One-way valves are installed inside both connecting pipe 1 84 and connecting pipe 2 86. The two one-way valves have opposite conduction directions. When the movable seat 91 drives the movable rod 82 to move back and forth, the rubber piston 83 changes the air pressure inside the cavity 85. Using Bernoulli's principle, the debris generated during grinding is adsorbed through the negative pressure pipes 89 and collected in the collection box 88 via the annular pipe 87. The cross-sectional area of ​​the annular pipe 87 is smaller than the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the installation cylinder 81. The end of the movable rod 82 away from the rubber piston 83 is fixedly connected to one end of the movable seat 91. The negative pressure pipe 89 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular pipe 87, and the opening of the negative pressure pipe 89 corresponds to the grinding area of ​​the steel brush 11.

[0052] Specifically, the connecting pipes 84 and 86, which are connected to the outer surface of the mounting cylinder 81, respectively serve as the air inlet and outlet. The one-way valves installed inside both pipes have opposite directions of operation, forming a directional airflow channel: when the rubber piston 83 moves away from the movable rod 82, the volume of the cavity 85 increases and the air pressure decreases, opening the one-way valve of the connecting pipe 84 and allowing outside air to enter the cavity 85; when the rubber piston 83 moves closer to the movable rod 82, the volume of the cavity 85 decreases and the air pressure increases, opening the one-way valve of the connecting pipe 86 and directionally delivering the high-pressure gas in the cavity 85 to the annular pipe 87. The one-way valves ensure unidirectional airflow, preventing gas backflow that could lead to negative pressure failure and ensuring the stability of the collection system.

[0053] One end of the connecting pipe 86 is connected to an annular pipe 87, which adopts an annular structure adapted to the annular sleeve 13. Its cross-sectional area is smaller than the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting cylinder 81. According to the principles of fluid mechanics, the flow velocity of gas increases sharply after entering the small cross-sectional area annular pipe 87 from the large volume cavity 85. Negative pressure pipes 89 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer surface of the annular pipe 87, with their openings precisely corresponding to the grinding area of ​​the steel brush 11. When the high-speed airflow passes through the annular pipe 87, a low-pressure zone is formed at the opening of the negative pressure pipes 89, generating a stable negative pressure suction force that can adsorb tiny debris generated during the grinding process in real time, preventing debris from splashing and scattering. The collection box 88, connected to one end of the annular pipe 87, serves as a debris storage carrier. Its sealed design prevents secondary diffusion of debris, and its volume design is adapted to batch processing needs, reducing the frequency of cleaning. After the airflow carrying debris enters the collection box 88 through the annular pipe 87, the airflow velocity decreases, and the debris settles and accumulates under gravity, achieving gas-solid separation and completing the centralized collection of debris.

[0054] A storage box 2 for storing workpieces to be processed is fixedly connected to the top left side of the frame 1. A robotic arm 7 is installed on the other side of the top of the frame 1. A storage slot for storing finished workpieces is opened on the front top of the frame 1. The robotic arm 7 is used to transfer the workpieces to be processed in the storage box 2 to the inside of the conical seat 65, and to transfer the welded workpieces to the storage slot. The inside of the conical seat 65 is provided with a conical surface adapted to shaft-type parts. The outer side of the drive gear 67 meshes with the outer side of the drive rack 69.

[0055] Working Principle: After the equipment is started, the robotic arm 7 precisely grips the shaft-like parts in the placement box 2 and smoothly feeds one end into the conical seat 65 inside the fixed seat 61. The conical seat 65 has a conical surface that matches the shaft-like parts, which can provide initial centering guidance for the parts. At the same time, the squeezing force of the parts will push the conical seat 65 into the mounting groove 63, so that the return spring 66 on the inner wall of the mounting groove 63 is in a compressed state. When the conical seat 65 moves, it synchronously drives the second drive rack 69 on its outer side to move. Since the second drive rack 69 meshes with the first drive gear 67 in the connecting groove 64, the first drive gear 67 rotates. Then, through the meshing transmission between the first drive gear 67 and the first drive rack 68, the first drive rack 68 moves downward, and finally the abutment plate at the bottom of the first drive rack 68 tightly abuts against the outer surface of the shaft-like parts, forming a multi-directional synchronous positioning constraint to ensure that the central axis of the parts is accurately aligned. After positioning is completed, the chuck 5 starts and firmly clamps the shaft parts, locking the part position and providing a reliable guarantee for subsequent welding; at the same time, the electric guide rail 4 can drive the connecting plate 62 and the chuck 5 to move as a whole through the electric slider, adjusting the relative distance between the two parts to be welded until the welding requirements are met.

[0056] Laser welding stage: After the parts are positioned and clamped, the drive motor 32 on the top rear fixed frame 31 of the frame 1 starts, and its output drives the drive screw 33 to rotate. Since the mounting frame 34 is threadedly connected to the drive screw 33, the rotational motion of the drive screw 33 is converted into linear movement of the mounting frame 34 along the axial direction of the drive screw 33, which in turn drives the fiber laser welding head 35 on the mounting frame 34 to the butt weld of the two shaft parts. After the fiber laser welding head 35 starts, it releases a laser beam to precisely weld the weld. During the welding process, the position of the mounting frame 34 can be finely adjusted by the drive motor 32 to ensure uniform welding throughout the process.

[0057] Automatic weld grinding stage: After welding is completed, the electric rotating shaft at the top of the support base 10 is started, driving the rotating plate 12 to rotate, causing the annular sleeve 13 on the outer side of the rotating plate 12 to flip to the outside of the welded part of the workpiece and be fitted onto the outside of the workpiece. Subsequently, the drive motor 14 on the outer side of the annular sleeve 13 is started, and its output end drives the drive gear 16 to rotate. Through the meshing transmission between the drive gear 16 and the gear ring 15, the gear ring 15 and the inner rotating ring 17 are driven to rotate synchronously. The steel brushes 11 evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner surface of the rotating ring 17 rotate at high speed. At the same time, the drive motor 92 on the middle side of the top of the frame 1 is started, driving the sector gear 93 to rotate. Since the teeth of the sector gear 93 mesh with the inner side of the moving seat 91, and the moving seat 91 slides and is limited within the limiting seat 94, the rotational motion of the sector gear 93 is converted into the reciprocating linear sliding of the moving seat 91 along the limiting seat 94. The movable seat 91 drives the support seat 10 and the annular sleeve 13 at one end to move back and forth synchronously, so that the high-speed rotating steel brush 11 can perform all-round and uniform grinding on the weld seam, effectively removing burrs, welding slag and other impurities at the weld seam.

[0058] Automatic Grinding Debris Collection Stage: During grinding, the reciprocating movement of the movable seat 91 synchronously drives the movable rod 82 to reciprocate. The end of the movable rod 82 away from the movable seat 91 is fixedly connected to the rubber piston 83 inside the mounting cylinder 81, thereby driving the rubber piston 83 to slide back and forth in a sealed manner within the cavity 85, continuously changing the air pressure inside the cavity 85. Since both the first connecting pipe 84 and the second connecting pipe 86 are equipped with one-way valves with opposite conduction directions, the gas in the cavity 85 is directionally transported to the annular pipe 87 outside the annular sleeve 13 through the second connecting pipe 86. Because the cross-sectional area of ​​the annular pipe 87 is smaller than the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting cylinder 81, the gas velocity increases sharply after entering the annular pipe 87. According to Bernoulli's principle, a low-pressure area is formed inside the annular pipe 87, causing the negative pressure pipe 89 on the annular pipe 87 to generate a stable suction force. The tiny debris generated during grinding is sucked into the negative pressure pipe 89 by suction, and then transported to the collection box 88 through the ring pipe 87 for centralized collection, so as to avoid debris from scattering and contaminating the equipment or affecting the processing accuracy.

[0059] Finished product unloading stage: After grinding and debris collection are completed, the chuck 5 releases its grip on the finished workpiece, the robotic arm 7 starts again, grips the finished workpiece and transfers it to the storage slot on the front side of the top of the frame 1, completing a single processing cycle; then the equipment automatically enters the next processing cycle to achieve continuous batch production.

[0060] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automated positioning fiber laser welding device, characterized in that, Includes a frame (1), on the top side of which are mounted two parallel electric guide rails (4). A connecting plate (62) is slidably connected to the outer side of each electric guide rail (4) via an electric slider. A chuck (5) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate (62). A fixing seat (61) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the chuck (5). An installation groove (63) is provided inside the fixing seat (61). An annular connecting groove (64) is provided on the inner wall of the installation groove (63). A conical seat (65) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the installation groove (63) via a return spring (66). The outer side of the conical seat (65)... A drive rack two (69) is fixedly connected to the side. The inner side of the connecting groove (64) is movably connected to a drive gear one (67) that meshes with the drive rack two (69) through a bearing. The outer side of the drive gear one (67) is also meshed with a drive rack one (68). The bottom of the drive rack one (68) is fixedly connected to an abutment plate for pressing against the shaft part. When the shaft part is inserted into the conical seat (65), the conical seat (65) moves and drives the drive rack two (69) to move synchronously. The drive rack one (68) is driven by the drive gear one (67) to move downward, so that the abutment plate presses against the outer surface of the shaft part to achieve center positioning.

2. The automated positioning fiber laser welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second drive motor (92) is installed on the top middle side of the frame (1). A sector gear (93) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second drive motor (92). A groove corresponding to the sector gear (93) is opened on the top of the frame (1). A limit seat (94) is fixedly connected inside the groove. A movable seat (91) is slidably connected to the inner side of the limit seat (94). The inner side of the movable seat (91) is provided with teeth that match the sector gear (93). When the second drive motor (92) drives the sector gear (93) to rotate, it drives the movable seat (91) to slide back and forth along the limit seat (94).

3. The automated positioning fiber laser welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixed frame (31) is fixedly connected to the top rear side of the frame (1). A drive motor (32) is installed at one end of the fixed frame (31). A drive screw (33) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (32). A mounting bracket (34) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the drive screw (33). A fiber laser welding head (35) is installed on the outer surface of the mounting bracket (34). The drive motor (32) drives the drive screw (33) to rotate, causing the mounting bracket (34) to move along the drive screw (33). The two shaft parts are welded through the fiber laser welding head (35).

4. The automated positioning fiber laser welding equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the movable seat (91) is fixedly connected to a support seat (10). A rotating plate (12) is rotatably connected to the top side of the support seat (10) via an electric rotating shaft. An annular sleeve (13) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating plate (12). A drive motor (14) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the annular sleeve (13). A drive gear (16) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (14). A gear ring (15) that meshes with the drive gear (16) is rotatably installed on the inner side of the annular sleeve (13). (15) has a rotating ring (17) fixedly connected to its inner side. The inner surface of the rotating ring (17) is uniformly provided with multiple steel brushes (11) along the circumference. After the workpiece is welded, the rotating plate (12) is driven to rotate by the electric rotating shaft, so that the annular sleeve (13) is fitted on the outside of the workpiece. The drive motor three (14) is started to drive the drive gear two (16), the gear ring (15) and the rotating ring (17) to rotate synchronously. The moving seat (91) drives the annular sleeve (13) to move back and forth. The steel brushes (11) automatically grind the welded part of the workpiece.

5. The automated positioning fiber laser welding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, An installation cylinder (81) is fixedly connected to one side of the groove. A cavity (85) is opened inside the installation cylinder (81). A rubber piston (83) is slidably connected to the inner side of the cavity (85). A movable rod (82) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rubber piston (83). A connecting pipe one (84) and a connecting pipe two (86) are connected to the outer surface of the installation cylinder (81) in sequence. One end of the connecting pipe two (86) is connected to an annular pipe (87). Multiple negative pressure pipes (89) are provided on the outer surface of the annular pipe (87). One end of the annular pipe (87) is connected to a collection box (88).

6. The automated positioning fiber laser welding equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first connecting pipe (84) and the second connecting pipe (86) are equipped with one-way valves. The two one-way valves have opposite conduction directions. When the moving seat (91) drives the movable rod (82) to move back and forth, the rubber piston (83) changes the air pressure inside the cavity (85). Using Bernoulli's principle, the debris generated by grinding is adsorbed through the negative pressure pipe (89) and collected into the collection box (88) through the annular pipe (87).

7. The automated positioning fiber laser welding equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the annular tube (87) is smaller than the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting cylinder (81), and the end of the movable rod (82) away from the rubber piston (83) is fixedly connected to one end of the movable seat (91).

8. The automated positioning fiber laser welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top left side of the frame (1) is fixedly connected to a placement box (2) for storing workpieces to be processed. A robotic arm (7) is installed on the other side of the top of the frame (1). A storage slot for storing finished workpieces is opened on the front side of the top of the frame (1). The robotic arm (7) is used to transfer the workpieces to be processed in the placement box (2) to the inside of the conical seat (65) and to transfer the workpieces after welding to the storage slot.

9. The automated positioning fiber laser welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tapered seat (65) has a tapered surface inside that is adapted to shaft parts, and the outer side of the first drive gear (67) meshes with the outer side of the second drive rack (69).

10. The automated positioning fiber laser welding equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The negative pressure pipe (89) is evenly distributed around the annular pipe (87), and the opening of the negative pressure pipe (89) corresponds to the grinding area of ​​the steel brush (11).

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