Cutter structure based on B-axis driving and tool setting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a tool structure based on B-axis driving and a tool setting method thereof, and relates to the technical field of tool structures. The tool structure comprises a tool assembly installed on a B-axis and a driving device used for driving the B-axis to rotate; a support is arranged on one side of the driving device, a dust suction device is installed on the lower portion of the support, and a carriage is installed on the upper portion of the support. The tool setting device is used for adjusting the tool, the tool setting block of the indicator abuts against the tool nose of the tool bit, the B shaft is manually rotated, the reading change condition of the indicator is observed, the left-right offset and the telescopic amount of the tool bit are adjusted till the reading of the indicator does not change, tool adjustment is completed, and the mode is high in adjustment precision, small in adjustment frequency and high in precision. And the tool apron and the tool bit can be adjusted in multiple directions, the adjustability is high, and tool setting and adjustment of the tool are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tool structure technology, and in particular to a tool structure based on B-axis drive and its tool setting method. Background Technology

[0002] CNC grinding wheel dressing machines are specialized CNC machine tools designed to meet the requirements of high-speed, high-efficiency, and high-precision grinding wheel dressing. They feature a welded base, flat bed, rolling guideways, and continuous X, Z, and B coordinate control. These machines can perform dressing operations on grinding wheels for straight lines, conical surfaces, arcs, and various other rotating surfaces. The B-axis, a crucial component of the machine, rotates around the Y-axis. Its structural requirements include smooth rotation and precise indexing, but at relatively low speeds. The B-axis transmission mechanism, as the core actuator for B-axis motion, must simultaneously meet the requirements of high transmission accuracy, high rigidity, large torque output, and good dynamic response. The B-axis transmission mechanism operates based on servo closed-loop control principles. The CNC system generates rotation angle and speed commands for the B-axis according to machining requirements. The servo driver receives these commands and controls the servo motor to output the corresponding speed and torque. The transmission unit transmits the servo motor's motion to the execution unit, where a reduction mechanism amplifies the torque to meet the load requirements during machining. B-axis driven tool assemblies are mainly used for grinding wheel dressing. Existing tool structures have cumbersome tool setting processes with low precision, and the adjustability of the tool holder and tool head is low, which is not conducive to tool setting and adjustment. Therefore, this invention proposes a B-axis driven tool structure and its tool setting method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tool structure based on B-axis drive and its tool setting method, so as to solve the problems of the existing tool structure mentioned in the background art, which has a cumbersome tool setting process, low accuracy, and low adjustability of tool holder and tool head, which is not conducive to tool setting and adjustment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a tool structure based on B-axis drive, comprising a tool assembly mounted on the B-axis and a drive device for driving the B-axis to rotate; A bracket is provided on one side of the drive device, a dust collection device is installed at the lower part of the bracket, and a slide is installed at the upper part of the bracket. A worktable is provided at one end of the drive device near the tool assembly. A tool setting device for tool setting adjustment of the tool assembly is provided on one side of the worktable, and the other side of the worktable is slidably mounted on the slide.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tool assembly includes a tool holder, a tool support, and a tool head. Two sets of tool supports and tool heads are provided. One end of the tool holder is connected to the B-axis, the tool support is movably mounted on the other end of the tool holder, and the tool head is movably mounted inside the tool support.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fixing screw is provided at one corner of each of the two tool holders, and the fixing screw is inserted into the tool holder and threadedly connected to the tool holder. Both tool holders are provided with a positioning key and a positioning screw on their outer sides. The positioning screw is inserted into the middle of the positioning key and threadedly connected to the tool holder. Both tool holders are provided with a positioning groove on their outer sides, and the positioning key is engaged in the positioning groove of the tool holder.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutting head is rotatably connected to an adjusting screw at the end away from the cutting tip, the cutting head is placed in a tool holder, the set screw passes through the tool holder and is threadedly connected to it, and the tool holder is also threadedly connected to a set screw on one side of the cutting head, thereby fixing the cutting head in the tool holder by the set screw. The tool holder has slotted holes at both the fixing screw and the adjusting screw. The fixing screw is located in the slotted hole on the outside of the tool holder, and the adjusting screw is located in the slotted hole on the inside of the tool holder.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a T-shaped brake iron is further provided between the workbench and the slide plate. The brake iron is installed on the workbench, and a sliding groove is provided in the middle of the slide plate. The brake iron is inserted into the sliding groove of the slide plate. The slide plate is provided with limiters at both the upper and lower ends of the brake iron. An adjusting screw is also rotatably provided at the top of the slide plate. A connecting seat is provided on one side of the brake iron, and a sliding groove of the slide plate extends out. The adjusting screw passes through the connecting seat and is threadedly connected to it.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the slide plate is provided with a bearing seat, and at least one bearing is provided in the bearing seat. The adjusting screw is inserted in the middle of the bearing. An inner spacer and an outer spacer are sleeved on the adjusting screw above the bearing. An end cover is sleeved on the adjusting screw above the inner spacer and the outer spacer. The end cover is tightened and fixed by the adjusting screw threadedly connected to a double nut. A handwheel is installed at the top of the adjusting screw.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the limiting member includes a bearing plate and a limiting pad. The bearing plate is installed at the end of the slide plate, and the limiting pad is installed on the inner side of the bearing plate by screws, thereby limiting the sliding distance of the brake iron.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tool setting device includes a support frame and an indicator. One end of the support frame is mounted on the worktable, and the indicator is mounted on the other end of the support frame. The detection end of the indicator is provided with a tool setting block.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving device includes a drive motor and a reducer, wherein the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the B-axis through the reducer.

[0013] A tool setting method based on a B-axis driven tool structure includes the following steps: S1. Place the tool setting block of the indicator against the tip of the tool head. The indicator displays the compression amount. Manually rotate the B axis to rotate the tool head left and right by the same angle and observe whether the reading on the indicator changes. S2. If the indicator reading does not change in the direction of decreasing when the cutter head is rotated left and right and the reading remains the same, then loosen the fixing screw and move the positioning key and the cutter head back and forth by turning the positioning screw to adjust the left and right offset of the cutter head. S3. If the indicator reading decreases when the cutter head is turned to the left, adjust the cutter head to the right; conversely, adjust the cutter head to the left. After adjustment, tighten the fixing screw to fix the cutter holder. S4. Rotate the B-axis and observe the change in the indicator reading. If the indicator reading does not change in the direction of decreasing and remains the same, repeat the above actions until the B-axis is rotated and the indicator reading changes in the direction of decreasing and remains the same. S5. After adjusting the left and right offset, loosen the set screw and adjust the length of the cutter head by turning the adjusting screw. After adjustment, tighten the set screw to fix the cutter head. S6. Rotate the B-axis and observe the change in the indicator reading. If the change in the indicator reading increases, adjust the extension and retraction of the tool in the opposite direction. Repeat the above actions until rotating the B-axis does not change the indicator reading. The tool head calibration is complete. S7. When the position of the tool assembly needs to be adjusted, rotate the handwheel to make the adjusting screw rotate, which drives the brake iron to move up and down in a straight line along the slide. Then, the brake iron drives the drive device and the tool assembly to move up and down in a straight line, thereby adjusting the position of the tool assembly.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention uses a tool setting device to adjust the cutting tool. The tool setting block of the indicator is placed against the tip of the cutting tool. By manually rotating the B-axis, the change in the indicator reading is observed. The left and right offset and extension of the cutting tool are adjusted until the indicator reading no longer changes, and the tool setting is completed. This method has high adjustment accuracy, requires fewer adjustments, and the tool holder and cutting tool can be adjusted in multiple directions, making it highly adjustable and convenient for tool setting. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1Enlarged structural diagram at point a; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram at point b.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. B-axis; 2. Tool assembly; 21. Tool holder; 22. Tool support; 221. Positioning slot; 23. Tool head; 24. Fixing screw; 25. Positioning key; 26. Positioning screw; 27. Adjusting screw; 28. Set screw; 3. Drive unit; 31. Drive motor; 32. Reducer; 4. Bracket; 5. Dust extraction device; 6. Slide plate; 7. Worktable; 8. Tool setting device; 81. Bearing frame; 82. Indicator; 83. Tool setting block; 9. Brake; 91. Connecting seat; 10. Limiting component; 101. Bearing plate; 102. Limiting pad; 11. Adjusting screw; 111. Bearing seat; 112. Bearing; 113. Inner spacer; 114. Outer spacer; 115. End cap; 116. Double nut; 117. Handwheel. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-3 A tool structure based on B-axis drive includes a tool assembly 2 mounted on B-axis 1 and a drive device 3 for driving B-axis 1 to rotate. A bracket 4 is provided on one side of the drive unit 3. A dust collection device 5 is installed at the lower part of the bracket 4. A slide plate 6 is installed at the upper part of the bracket 4. A worktable 7 is provided at one end of the drive unit 3 near the tool assembly 2. A tool setting device 8 for tool setting adjustment of the tool assembly 2 is provided on one side of the worktable 7. The other side of the worktable 7 is slidably mounted on the slide plate 6. The dust collection device 5 is responsible for collecting and purifying the dust generated during grinding wheel dressing to ensure a safe and reliable working environment.

[0019] In this embodiment, the tool assembly 2 includes a tool holder 21, a tool base 22, and a tool head 23. Two sets of tool base 22 and tool head 23 are provided. One end of the tool holder 21 is connected to the B-axis 1. The tool base 22 is movably installed at the other end of the tool holder 21. The tool head 23 is movably installed in the tool base 22. Specifically, the tool head 23 is a diamond tool head 23. Each of the two tool holders 22 is provided with a fixing screw 24 at one corner. The fixing screw 24 is inserted into the tool holder 21 and threadedly connected to the tool holder 22. Both tool holders 22 are provided with positioning keys 25 and positioning screws 26 on their outer sides. The positioning screws 26 are inserted into the middle of the positioning keys 25 and are threaded to the tool holder 21. Both tool holders 22 are provided with positioning grooves 221 on their outer sides. The positioning keys 25 are inserted into the positioning grooves 221 of the tool holders 22. By turning the positioning screws 26, the positioning keys 25 drive the tool holders 22 to move back and forth, thereby adjusting the left and right offset of the tool head 23. The cutter head 23 is rotatably connected to the end away from the blade tip with an adjusting screw 27. The cutter head 23 is placed inside the cutter holder 22. The set screw 28 passes through the cutter holder 22 and is threaded to it. The cutter holder 22 is also threaded to the side of the cutter head 23 with a set screw 28. The cutter head 23 is fixed inside the cutter holder 22 by the set screw 28. By loosening the set screw 28, the cutter head 23 can be released from the fixation. Then, by turning the adjusting screw 27, the length of the cutter head 23 can be adjusted. The tool holder 21 has a strip-shaped through hole at both the fixing screw 24 and the adjusting screw 27. The fixing screw 24 is placed in the strip-shaped through hole on the outside of the tool holder 21, so that when the tool holder 22 moves back and forth, the tool holder 22 can carry the fixing screw 24 to move in the strip-shaped through hole. After the adjustment is completed, the tool holder 22 is fixed. The adjusting screw 27 is located in the strip-shaped through hole on the inside of the tool holder 21, so that the adjusting screw 27 can be turned.

[0020] In this embodiment, a T-shaped brake 9 is also provided between the worktable 7 and the slide plate 6. The brake 9 is installed on the worktable 7, and a groove is provided in the middle of the slide plate 6. The brake 9 is inserted into the groove of the slide plate 6, so that the T-shaped brake 9 can slide along one side of the slide plate 6. Specifically, an inclined block is provided between the brake 9 and the worktable 7. The wedging amount of the inclined block is adjusted by the screw feed, thereby adjusting the damping effect between the brake 9 and the slide plate 6, so that the drive device 3 and the tool assembly 2 can move up and down smoothly. The slide plate 6 is provided with limiters 10 at both the upper and lower ends of the brake iron 9. The top of the slide plate 6 is also rotatably provided with an adjusting screw 11. A connecting seat 91 is provided on one side of the brake iron 9 and extends out of the slide plate 6. The adjusting screw 11 passes through the connecting seat 91 and is threadedly connected to it. By rotating the adjusting screw 11, the connecting seat 91 moves up and down along the adjusting screw 11, driving the brake iron 9 to slide on one side of the slide plate 6. The top of the slide plate 6 is provided with a bearing seat 111, and at least one bearing 112 is provided in the bearing seat 111. In a specific implementation, two bearings 112 are provided in the bearing seat 111. The adjusting screw 11 is inserted in the middle of the bearing 112. The adjusting screw 11 is fitted with an inner spacer 113 and an outer spacer 114 above the bearing 112. The adjusting screw 11 is fitted with an end cover 115 above the inner spacer 113 and the outer spacer 114. The end cover 115 is tightened and fixed by the adjusting screw 11 threadedly connected to a double nut 116. A handwheel 117 is installed at the top of the adjusting screw 11. The limiting component 10 includes a bearing plate 101 and a limiting pad 102. The bearing plate 101 is installed at the end of the slide plate 6, and the limiting pad 102 is installed on the inner side of the bearing plate 101 by screws. The limiting pad 102 limits the sliding distance of the brake iron 9.

[0021] In this embodiment, the tool setting device 8 includes a support frame 81 and an indicator 82. One end of the support frame 81 is mounted on the worktable 7, and the indicator 82 is mounted on the other end of the support frame 81. The detection end of the indicator 82 is provided with a tool setting block 83. Specifically, the support frame 81 is slidably mounted on one side of the worktable 7 and fixed by screws. By loosening the screws, the support frame 81 can be moved up and down to adjust the position of the indicator 82, thereby realizing dual tool setting. Tool setting refers to adjusting the tool's tool position point to coincide with the coordinate position specified by the G92 command in the CNC program. In other words, in the workpiece coordinate system, the tool's tool position point is located at the starting point, so that under the control of the CNC program, the machined surface cut by the tool has the correct positional and dimensional relationship with the positioning datum of the part, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy requirements of the part.

[0022] In this embodiment, the drive device 3 includes a drive motor 31 and a reducer 32. The output shaft of the drive motor 31 is connected to the B-axis 1 through the reducer 32. The drive motor 31 is an AC servo motor, which has the characteristics of fast response speed, high precision, and good stability. It is responsible for providing power to the B-axis 1. The reducer 32 has a reduction ratio of 1:10. The reducer 32 amplifies the power of the drive motor 31 to meet the machining requirements and transmit it to the B-axis 1. At the same time, it ensures high transmission efficiency, low noise, and long service life. A PLC is used to control the rotation speed, rotation angle, and other parameters of the B-axis 1 to ensure machining accuracy. It has the characteristics of flexible programming and simple operation.

[0023] The tool setting method based on a B-axis driven tool structure of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Place the tool setting block 83 of the indicator 82 against the tip of the tool head 23. The indicator 82 displays the compression amount. The compression amount is not allowed to exceed the working range of the indicator 82. Manually rotate the B axis 1 to make the tool head 23 rotate left and right by the same angle, and observe whether the reading on the indicator 82 changes. S2. If the reading of indicator 82 does not change in the direction of decreasing reading and remains the same when the cutter head 23 is rotated left and right, then loosen the fixing screw 24 and move the positioning key 25 and the cutter holder 22 back and forth by turning the positioning screw 26 to adjust the left and right offset of the cutter head 23. S3. If the reading of indicator 82 decreases when the cutter head 23 rotates to the left, adjust the cutter head 23 to the right; otherwise, adjust the cutter head 23 to the left. After adjustment, tighten the fixing screw 24 to fix the cutter holder 22. S4. Rotate B-axis 1 and observe the change in the reading of indicator 82. If the reading of indicator 82 does not change in the direction of decreasing and the reading is the same, repeat the above actions until the reading of indicator 82 changes in the direction of decreasing and the reading is the same when B-axis 1 is rotated. S5. After adjusting the left and right offset, loosen the set screw 28, and adjust the length of the cutter head 23 by turning the adjusting screw 27. After adjustment, tighten the set screw 28 to fix the cutter head 23. S6. Rotate B-axis 1 and observe the change in the reading of indicator 82. If the change in the reading of indicator 82 increases, adjust the extension and retraction of the tool in the opposite direction. Repeat the above actions until rotating B-axis 1 does not change the reading of indicator 82. The tool head 23 adjustment is complete. S7. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the tool assembly 2, rotate the handwheel 117 to make the adjusting screw 11 rotate, drive the brake 9 to move up and down in a straight line along the slide plate 6, and then drive the drive device 3 and the tool assembly 2 to move up and down in a straight line through the brake 9, thereby adjusting the position of the tool assembly 2.

[0024] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tool structure based on B-axis drive, characterized in that: It includes a tool assembly (2) mounted on the B-axis (1) and a drive unit (3) for driving the B-axis (1) to rotate. A bracket (4) is provided on one side of the drive device (3), a dust collection device (5) is installed on the lower part of the bracket (4), and a slide plate (6) is installed on the upper part of the bracket (4). A worktable (7) is provided at one end of the drive device (3) near the tool assembly (2). A tool setting device (8) for tool setting adjustment of the tool assembly (2) is provided on one side of the worktable (7), and the other side of the worktable (7) is slidably mounted on the slide plate (6).

2. The tool structure based on B-axis drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool assembly (2) includes a tool holder (21), a tool base (22), and a tool head (23). The tool base (22) and the tool head (23) are provided in two sets. One end of the tool holder (21) is connected to the B-axis (1). The tool base (22) is movably installed at the other end of the tool holder (21). The tool head (23) is movably installed inside the tool base (22).

3. The tool structure based on B-axis drive according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the two tool holders (22) is provided with a fixing screw (24) at one corner. The fixing screw (24) is inserted into the tool holder (21) and threadedly connected to the tool holder (22). Both tool holders (22) are provided with a positioning key (25) and a positioning screw (26) on their outer sides. The positioning screw (26) is inserted into the middle of the positioning key (25) and threadedly connected to the tool holder (21). Both tool holders (22) are provided with a positioning groove (221) on their outer sides. The positioning key (25) is inserted into the positioning groove (221) of the tool holder (22).

4. The tool structure based on B-axis drive according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cutting head (23) is rotatably connected to an adjusting screw (27) at the end away from the cutting tip. The cutting head (23) is placed inside the tool holder (22). The set screw (28) passes through the tool holder (22) and is threadedly connected to it. The tool holder (22) is also threadedly connected to a set screw (28) on one side of the cutting head (23). The cutting head (23) is fixed inside the tool holder (22) by the set screw (28). The tool holder (21) is provided with strip-shaped through holes at both the fixing screw (24) and the adjusting screw (27). The fixing screw (24) is placed in the strip-shaped through hole on the outside of the tool holder (21), and the adjusting screw (27) is located at the strip-shaped through hole on the inside of the tool holder (21).

5. The tool structure based on B-axis drive according to claim 4, characterized in that: A T-shaped brake iron (9) is also provided between the workbench (7) and the slide plate (6). The brake iron (9) is installed on the workbench (7). A sliding groove is provided in the middle of the slide plate (6). The brake iron (9) is inserted into the sliding groove of the slide plate (6). The slide plate (6) is provided with limiters (10) at both the upper and lower ends of the brake iron (9). The top of the slide plate (6) is also provided with an adjusting screw (11). A connecting seat (91) is provided on one side of the brake iron (9) and extends out of the slide plate (6). The adjusting screw (11) passes through the connecting seat (91) and is threadedly connected to it.

6. The tool structure based on B-axis drive according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the slide plate (6) is provided with a bearing seat (111), and at least one bearing (112) is provided inside the bearing seat (111). The adjusting screw (11) is inserted in the middle of the bearing (112). The adjusting screw (11) is fitted with an inner spacer (113) and an outer spacer (114) above the bearing (112). The adjusting screw (11) is fitted with an end cap (115) above the inner spacer (113) and the outer spacer (114). The end cap (115) is tightened and fixed by the adjusting screw (11) threadedly connected to a double nut (116). A handwheel (117) is installed at the top of the adjusting screw (11).

7. The tool structure based on B-axis drive according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting member (10) includes a bearing plate (101) and a limiting pad (102). The bearing plate (101) is installed at the end of the slide plate (6), and the limiting pad (102) is installed on the inner side of the bearing plate (101) by screws. The limiting pad (102) limits the sliding distance of the brake iron (9).

8. The tool structure based on B-axis drive according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tool setting device (8) includes a support frame (81) and an indicator (82). One end of the support frame (81) is mounted on the worktable (7), and the indicator (82) is mounted on the other end of the support frame (81). The detection end of the indicator (82) is provided with a tool setting block (83).

9. The tool structure based on B-axis drive according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drive device (3) includes a drive motor (31) and a reducer (32). The output shaft of the drive motor (31) is connected to the B-axis (1) through the reducer (32).

10. The tool setting method based on the B-axis driven tool structure as described in claim 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Place the tool setting block (83) of the indicator (82) against the tip of the tool head (23). The indicator (82) displays the compression amount. By manually rotating the B axis (1), the tool head (23) is rotated left and right by the same angle. Observe whether the reading on the indicator (82) changes. S2. If the reading of the indicator (82) does not change in the direction of decreasing reading of the indicator (82) and the reading is the same when the cutter head (23) is rotated left and right, then loosen the fixing screw (24), and move the positioning key (25) and the cutter head (22) back and forth by turning the positioning screw (26) to adjust the left and right offset of the cutter head (23); S3. If the indicator (82) reading decreases when the cutter head (23) rotates to the left, adjust the cutter head (23) to the right; otherwise, adjust the cutter head (23) to the left. After adjustment, tighten the fixing screw (24) to fix the cutter holder (22). S4. Rotate B-axis (1) and observe the change in the reading of indicator (82). If the reading of indicator (82) does not change in the direction of decreasing and the reading is the same, repeat the above actions until the reading of indicator (82) changes in the direction of decreasing and the reading is the same when B-axis (1) is rotated. S5. After adjusting the left and right offset, loosen the set screw (28), and adjust the length of the cutter head (23) by turning the adjusting screw (27). After adjustment, tighten the set screw (28) to fix the cutter head (23). S6. Rotate B-axis (1) and observe the change in the reading of indicator (82). If the change in the reading of indicator (82) increases, adjust the extension and retraction of the tool in the opposite direction. Repeat the above actions until the reading of indicator (82) does not change when rotating B-axis (1), and the tool head (23) is calibrated. S7. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the tool assembly (2), rotate the handwheel (117) to make the adjusting screw (11) rotate, drive the brake iron (9) to move up and down in a straight line along the slide plate (6), and then drive the drive device (3) and the tool assembly (2) to move up and down in a straight line through the brake iron (9), thereby adjusting the position of the tool assembly (2).

Images