Dustproof heat dissipation structure for fuselage of unmanned aerial vehicle and ventilation adjustment method

Abstract

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage dustproof heat dissipation structure and a ventilation adjusting method, and belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage dustproof heat dissipation, the unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage dustproof heat dissipation structure comprises a heat dissipation frame, a heat dissipation fan is fixedly connected to the interior of the heat dissipation frame, and a dustproof mechanism is fixedly connected to the surface of the outer side of the heat dissipation frame; an opening and closing mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the dustproof mechanism, a temperature sensor and a control terminal are fixedly connected to the surface of the cooling fan, the control terminal is connected with the cooling fan, the dustproof mechanism and the opening and closing mechanism through wires, and the dustproof mechanism comprises a dustproof frame fixedly connected to the surface of the cooling frame. A dustproof net is fixedly connected to the interior of the dustproof frame, and the opening and closing mechanism comprises an opening and closing frame fixedly connected to the surface of the dustproof frame. On the basis that dust prevention and heat dissipation of the unmanned aerial vehicle body are achieved, heat dissipation, dust prevention and water prevention performance can be considered, and the problems of vibration and noise caused by introduction of an active heat dissipation device can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dustproof and heat dissipation technology for drone fuselages, and more specifically, to a dustproof and heat dissipation structure and ventilation adjustment method for drone fuselages. Background Technology

[0002] Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, are unmanned aircraft controlled by radio remote control equipment and their own program control devices. The term "UAV" is actually a general term for unmanned aerial vehicles, which, from a technical perspective, can be divided into several categories: unmanned helicopters, unmanned fixed-wing aircraft, unmanned multi-rotor aircraft, unmanned airships, and unmanned paragliders. Many existing solutions focus on designing complex air ducts and heat sinks to improve heat dissipation efficiency, but often lack effective dustproof designs at the air inlets, allowing dust to easily enter and accumulate on precision circuit boards, causing short circuits or reduced heat dissipation performance. Other solutions, while considering waterproofing and dustproofing, such as using sealed fuselages or adding waterproof covers, severely obstruct airflow, making active cooling difficult to implement. They can only rely on inefficient passive cooling or structural heat conduction, which cannot meet the enormous heat loads generated by high-power, long-duration flight missions. Some solutions attempt to install dust filters in the air ducts, but these are mostly static installations lacking self-cleaning capabilities and are easily clogged in harsh environments such as sandstorms and the wild, becoming a heat dissipation bottleneck and requiring frequent manual maintenance, significantly reducing their practicality. Furthermore, the introduction of active cooling devices brings vibration and noise problems, affecting flight stability and mission payload. Using active cooling components such as fans is an effective way to improve heat dissipation; however, the vibration generated by the high-speed rotation of fans is directly transmitted to the UAV fuselage, especially causing high-frequency interference to precision inertial sensors such as gyroscopes and accelerometers, seriously affecting the attitude calculation accuracy and flight stability of the flight control system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a dustproof and heat dissipation structure and ventilation adjustment method for the drone fuselage. In addition to achieving dustproof and heat dissipation for the drone fuselage, the present invention can also take into account heat dissipation, dustproof and waterproof performance, and can solve the vibration and noise problems caused by the introduction of active heat dissipation devices.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage includes: a heat dissipation frame, a cooling fan fixedly connected inside the heat dissipation frame, a dustproof mechanism fixedly connected to the outer surface of the heat dissipation frame, an opening and closing mechanism fixedly connected to the outer surface of the dustproof mechanism, a temperature sensor and a control terminal fixedly connected to the surface of the cooling fan, and the control terminal being wired to the cooling fan, the dustproof mechanism and the opening and closing mechanism respectively. The dustproof mechanism includes a dustproof frame fixedly connected to the surface of the heat sink frame, and a dustproof mesh fixedly connected inside the dustproof frame. The opening and closing mechanism includes an opening and closing frame fixedly connected to the surface of the dustproof frame, and a plurality of rotating shafts rotatably connected to the surface of the opening and closing frame. Opening and closing fan blades are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shafts. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a guide rod is fixedly connected inside the dustproof frame and to one side of the dustproof mesh. A cleaning scraper is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod. A first reciprocating screw is rotatably connected inside the dustproof frame, and the cleaning scraper is threadedly connected to the surface of the first reciprocating screw.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a wave groove is provided inside the dustproof frame and on the other side of the dustproof net, and a beater plate is slidably connected to the surface of the wave groove, and a second reciprocating screw is rotatably connected inside the dustproof frame.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the second reciprocating lead screw is threadedly connected to a first internal thread block, the surface of the striking plate is provided with a first sliding groove, and the first internal thread block is slidably connected to the surface of the first sliding groove.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first servo motor is fixedly connected to the surface of the dustproof frame, and the output shaft of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to a second reciprocating lead screw. A first gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the second reciprocating lead screw, and a second gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the first reciprocating lead screw, and the first gear meshes with the second gear.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first synchronization plate is fixedly connected to the surface of each of the plurality of rotating shafts, the plurality of first synchronization plates are connected by a second synchronization plate, and a transmission rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting base.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mounting base is fixedly connected to one side of the opening and closing frame, and an arc-shaped groove is formed on the surface of the mounting base, and the transmission rod is slidably connected to the surface of the arc-shaped groove.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a threaded rod is rotatably connected to the surface of the mounting base, a second internal threaded block is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod, a second servo motor is fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting base, and the output shaft of the second servo motor is fixedly connected to the threaded rod. A second sliding groove is formed on the surface of the second internal threaded block, and a transmission rod is slidably connected to the surface of the second sliding groove.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control terminal is internally provided with a temperature signal sensing module, a signal processing module, a parameter setting module and a core logic control module; The temperature signal sensing module is used to receive real-time data on the internal ambient temperature of the UAV fuselage or key heat-generating components monitored by the temperature sensor. The signal processing module is used to convert the continuous analog electrical signal collected by the temperature signal sensing module into a discrete digital signal that can be recognized and processed by the PLC controller. The parameter setting module is used for users to preset control parameters, including the temperature threshold that triggers the fan to start, weak heat dissipation at 40°C, and strong heat dissipation at 50°C. The core logic control module is used to receive the digital temperature signal from the signal processing module, call the internally stored control program, compare the real-time temperature with the preset threshold of the input unit, and make a decision based on the comparison result.

[0012] A ventilation adjustment method for a dustproof and heat dissipation structure of a drone fuselage includes a temperature sensor that starts working continuously after the structure is started, collecting analog temperature signals in real time. These signals are transmitted to a temperature signal sensing module of the control terminal. The module performs preliminary conditioning on the signals and then sends them to a signal processing module. The core of the signal processing module is an analog-to-digital converter, which converts continuous analog current signals into discrete digital temperature values ​​so that the digital processor can perform accurate calculations and comparisons. The core logic control module continuously reads these digital temperature values ​​and calls the control program stored in the memory. The core logic of this program relies on the thresholds and strategies preset by the user or the system in the parameter setting module. When the temperature is below 40℃, the system is in standby mode, the cooling fan stops, the fan blades of the opening and closing mechanism close, and the cleaning function of the dustproof mechanism is not activated. At this time, the system is completely sealed to prevent external dust and moisture from entering. When the temperature rises to the 40℃-50℃ range, the core logic control module determines that there is a slight cooling demand and starts the second servo motor. Through the mechanism composed of the threaded rod, the second internal threaded block and the transmission rod, the rotating shaft is rotated at a certain angle, so that the opening and closing fan blades open to the preset medium opening degree to form a ventilation channel. At the same time, the cooling fan starts at a low speed to perform gentle forced convection cooling. At this time, the dustproof screen starts to work to filter the incoming air. When the temperature rises further and exceeds the strong heat dissipation threshold of 50°C, the system enters the high-efficiency heat dissipation mode. The core logic control module issues an upgrade command to control the fan blades to open fully to maximize the air intake area and switch the cooling fan to the highest speed to provide the maximum air volume and air pressure to quickly remove heat. At the same time, in order to prevent more dust from accumulating on the dust filter due to increased airflow under high load heat dissipation and thus affecting heat dissipation efficiency, the core logic control module starts the first servo motor. The first servo motor drives the beater plate through the second reciprocating screw to move along the wave groove in a specific trajectory, periodically beating the back of the dust filter to generate strong vibration to shake off the deep fine dust. On the other hand, through the meshing of the first gear and the second gear, it synchronously drives the first reciprocating screw to rotate, driving the cleaning scraper to move in a reciprocating linear motion along the guide rod to scrape off the blocky or flocculent pollutants attached to the windward side of the dust filter. The temperature sensor continuously provides real-time temperature feedback. When the strong heat dissipation measures take effect and the temperature begins to drop below 50°C, the core logic control module will correspondingly reduce the fan speed or turn off the strong heat dissipation mode.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are: (1) This invention enables the fan blades to work in coordination or switch between different working conditions by opening and closing the fan blades and intelligent control logic, thus achieving dynamic unity of functions. When heat dissipation is required, the system can intelligently open the air duct and start the cooling fan to form an efficient airflow. When heat dissipation is not required or when facing the threat of rain or dust, the air duct can be completely closed to seal and protect the core components. Through the mechanical linkage driven by the first servo motor, the dustproof net is automated and deeply maintained, ensuring that the dustproof net can remain unobstructed in any harsh environment, so that the heat dissipation efficiency can be maintained for a long time, avoiding the precipitous drop in heat dissipation performance caused by dust blockage and the resulting overheating failure.

[0014] (2) This invention greatly improves system efficiency, reliability and energy utilization through multi-level linkage and adaptive control. The intelligent hub composed of the control terminal and its internal modules can steplessly or hierarchically adjust the fan speed and air duct opening according to the real-time temperature, so as to achieve precise heat dissipation on demand, avoiding the huge energy waste of traditional always-on fans. This is of direct significance for improving the flight time of UAVs. At the same time, the cleaning action of the dustproof net is linked with the heat dissipation condition, realizing preventive maintenance, ensuring that the system is always in the best working state, and improving overall reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a dustproof and heat dissipation structure for the fuselage of a drone according to the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the dustproof mechanism in a dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the dustproof mechanism in a dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to the present invention; Figure 5 This invention relates to a dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage. Figure 4 Enlarged view of the local structure at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing mechanism in a dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to the present invention; Figure 7 This invention relates to a dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage. Figure 6 Enlarged view of the local structure at point B; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the control terminal module in a dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to the present invention.

[0016] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Heat sink frame; 2. Cooling fan; 3. Dustproof mechanism; 301. Dustproof frame; 302. Dustproof net; 303. Guide rod; 304. Cleaning scraper; 305. First reciprocating screw; 306. Wave groove; 307. Beating plate; 308. Second reciprocating screw; 309. First servo motor; 310. First gear; 311. Second gear; 312. First slide groove; 313. First internal thread block; 4. Opening and closing mechanism; 401. Opening and closing frame; 402. Rotating shaft; 403. Opening and closing fan blades; 404. First synchronization plate; 405. Second synchronization plate; 406. Mounting base; 407. Threaded rod; 408. Second internal thread block; 409. Second servo motor; 410. Arc groove; 411. Transmission rod; 412. Second slide groove; 5. Temperature sensor; 6. Control terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example: Please see Figure 1-8A dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage includes: a heat dissipation frame 1, a cooling fan 2 fixedly connected inside the heat dissipation frame 1, a dustproof mechanism 3 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the heat dissipation frame 1, an opening and closing mechanism 4 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the dustproof mechanism 3, a temperature sensor 5 and a control terminal 6 fixedly connected to the surface of the cooling fan 2, the control terminal 6 being wired to the cooling fan 2, the dustproof mechanism 3 and the opening and closing mechanism 4 respectively, the dustproof mechanism 3 including a dustproof frame 301 fixedly connected to the surface of the heat dissipation frame 1, a dustproof net 302 fixedly connected inside the dustproof frame 301, and the opening and closing mechanism 4 including an opening and closing frame 401 fixedly connected to the surface of the dustproof frame 301, a plurality of rotating shafts 402 rotatably connected to the surface of the opening and closing frame 401, and opening and closing fan blades 403 fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shafts 402.

[0019] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipation frame 1 serves as the installation base for the UAV's dustproof and heat dissipation technology. The internally fixed cooling fan 2 is the core power source for active heat dissipation. The temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature of key parts of the UAV in real time and transmits the data to the control terminal 6. The control terminal 6 has preset temperature thresholds and control logic. When the temperature reaches the preset threshold, the control terminal 6 issues a command to activate the cooling fan 2 for exhaust or blowing heat dissipation, and to control the opening and closing mechanism 4 to drive the rotating shaft 402 to rotate and open the opening and closing fan blades 403, thus opening a channel for airflow. At the same time, the dustproof net 302 in the dustproof mechanism 3 always plays a role in filtering dust and impurities in the air during the heat dissipation process, preventing them from entering the interior of the UAV.

[0020] Inside the dustproof frame 301 and on one side of the dustproof net 302, a guide rod 303 is fixedly connected. A cleaning scraper 304 is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod 303. Inside the dustproof frame 301, a first reciprocating screw 305 is rotatably connected, and the cleaning scraper 304 is threaded to the surface of the first reciprocating screw 305.

[0021] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first reciprocating screw 305 rotates in both directions under the drive of the drive source. The cleaning scraper 304, which is threadedly connected to the first reciprocating screw 305, converts the rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion along the surface of the dustproof net 302 under the constraint of the guide rod 303. During the back-and-forth scraping process, the cleaning scraper 304 can effectively remove the dust attached to the windward side of the dustproof net 302, preventing the mesh from becoming clogged, which would lead to increased wind resistance and decreased heat dissipation efficiency.

[0022] A wave groove 306 is provided inside the dustproof frame 301 and on the other side of the dustproof net 302. A beater plate 307 is slidably connected to the surface of the wave groove 306. A second reciprocating screw 308 is rotatably connected inside the dustproof frame 301. A first internal thread block 313 is threadedly connected to the surface of the second reciprocating screw 308. A first sliding groove 312 is provided on the surface of the beater plate 307, and the first internal thread block 313 is slidably connected to the surface of the first sliding groove 312.

[0023] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the second reciprocating screw 308 rotates, it drives the first internal thread block 313, which is threadedly connected to it, to make linear motion. The first internal thread block 313 is slidably connected in the first groove 312 on the surface of the patting plate 307. Due to the constraint of the wave groove 306 on the movement trajectory of the patting plate 307, when the first internal thread block 313 moves linearly, it will force the patting plate 307 to generate a composite motion in the wave groove 306, that is, there is both a horizontal movement component and a reciprocating patting component perpendicular to the direction of the dustproof net 302. This allows the patting plate 307 to periodically strike the leeward side of the dustproof net 302.

[0024] A first servo motor 309 is fixedly connected to the surface of the dustproof frame 301, and the output shaft of the first servo motor 309 is fixedly connected to the second reciprocating lead screw 308. A first gear 310 is fixedly connected to the surface of the second reciprocating lead screw 308, and a second gear 311 is fixedly connected to the surface of the first reciprocating lead screw 305, and the first gear 310 and the second gear 311 mesh.

[0025] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first servo motor 309 serves as the active power source, and its output shaft directly drives the second reciprocating lead screw 308 to rotate, thereby driving the tapping mechanism to work. At the same time, the first gear 310 fixed on the second reciprocating lead screw 308 rotates accordingly and meshes with the second gear 311 fixed on the first reciprocating lead screw 305. Therefore, the single rotational motion of the first servo motor 309 can synchronously drive the second reciprocating lead screw 308 and the first reciprocating lead screw 305 to rotate in coordination, thereby realizing the synchronous operation of the reciprocating tapping of the tapping plate 307 and the reciprocating scraping of the cleaning scraper 304.

[0026] Multiple rotating shafts 402 are fixedly connected to the surfaces of first synchronous plates 404. Multiple first synchronous plates 404 are connected by transmission through second synchronous plates 405. A transmission rod 411 is fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting base 406. The mounting base 406 is fixedly connected to one side of the opening and closing frame 401. An arc-shaped groove 410 is opened on the surface of the mounting base 406, and the transmission rod 411 is slidably connected to the surface of the arc-shaped groove 410. A threaded rod 407 is rotatably connected to the surface of the mounting base 406. A second internal threaded block 408 is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod 407. A second servo motor 409 is fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting base 406, and the output shaft of the second servo motor 409 is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 407. A second sliding groove 412 is opened on the surface of the second internal threaded block 408, and the transmission rod 411 is slidably connected to the surface of the second sliding groove 412.

[0027] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, multiple rotating shafts 402 are linked through a first synchronization plate 404 and a second synchronization plate 405 to ensure that all opening and closing fan blades 403 can open and close synchronously. A second servo motor 409 serves as a drive source, driving the threaded rod 407 to rotate. The second internal threaded block 408, which is threadedly engaged with the threaded rod 407, moves linearly accordingly. The second sliding groove 412 on the second internal threaded block 408 is slidably connected to the transmission rod 411, which is in turn connected to the first synchronization plate 404 and the second synchronization plate 405. Therefore, the linear movement of the second internal threaded block 408 is converted into pushing and pulling on the first synchronization plate 404 and the second synchronization plate 405 through the sliding of the transmission rod 411 in the arc groove 410, ultimately driving all rotating shafts 402 to rotate synchronously, thereby opening or closing the fan blades 403.

[0028] The control terminal 6 is internally equipped with a temperature signal sensing module, a signal processing module, a parameter setting module, and a core logic control module; The temperature signal sensing module receives real-time data from the temperature sensor 5 monitoring the internal ambient temperature of the UAV fuselage or key heat-generating components. The signal processing module converts the continuous analog electrical signals collected by the temperature signal sensing module into discrete digital signals that the PLC controller can recognize and process. The parameter setting module allows users to preset control parameters, including the temperature threshold that triggers fan startup, enabling weak cooling at 40°C, and enabling strong cooling at 50°C. The core logic control module receives the digital temperature signal from the signal processing module, calls the internally stored control program, compares the real-time temperature with the preset threshold of the input unit, and makes a decision based on the comparison result.

[0029] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature signal sensing module is responsible for receiving and initially processing the raw signal from the temperature sensor 5. The core task of the signal processing module is to convert the continuous analog temperature signal into a discrete digital signal for subsequent digital logic processing. The parameter setting module provides an interactive interface for users, with multiple temperature thresholds such as 40°C for weak heat dissipation and 50°C for strong heat dissipation, as well as corresponding control strategies. The core logic control module is the brain of the system, continuously receiving the processed digital temperature signal, comparing it with preset parameters in real time and performing logical operations, and generating corresponding control commands to precisely schedule the execution units such as the cooling fan 2, the cleaning motor of the dustproof mechanism 3, and the servo motor of the opening and closing mechanism 4 to work together.

[0030] A ventilation adjustment method for a dustproof and heat dissipation structure of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fuselage includes: After the structure is started, the temperature sensor 5 starts to work continuously, collecting temperature analog signals in real time. These signals are transmitted to the temperature signal sensing module of the control terminal 6. The module performs preliminary conditioning on the signals and then sends them to the signal processing module. The core of the signal processing module is the analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter converts the continuous analog current signal into discrete digital temperature values ​​so that the digital processor can perform accurate calculations and comparisons. The core logic control module continuously reads these digital temperature values ​​and calls the control program stored in the memory. The core logic of this program depends on the thresholds and strategies preset by the user or the system in the parameter setting module. When the temperature is below 40℃, the system is in standby mode, the cooling fan 2 stops, the fan blades of the opening and closing mechanism 4 close, and the cleaning function of the dustproof mechanism 3 is not activated. At this time, the system is completely sealed to prevent external dust and moisture from entering. When the temperature rises to the range of 40℃-50℃, the core logic control module determines that there is a slight heat dissipation demand and starts the second servo motor 409. Through the mechanism composed of the threaded rod 407, the second internal threaded block 408 and the transmission rod 411, the rotating shaft 402 is rotated at a certain angle, so that the opening and closing fan blades 403 are opened to the preset medium opening degree to form a ventilation channel. At the same time, the cooling fan 2 is started at a low speed to perform gentle forced convection heat dissipation. At this time, the dustproof net 302 starts to work to filter the incoming air. When the temperature rises further and exceeds the strong heat dissipation threshold of 50°C, the system enters the high-efficiency heat dissipation mode. The core logic control module issues an upgrade command to control the fan blades 403 to open fully to maximize the air intake area and switch the cooling fan 2 to the highest speed to provide the maximum air volume and air pressure, quickly removing heat. At the same time, to prevent more dust from accumulating on the dustproof net 302 due to increased airflow under high load heat dissipation and thus affecting heat dissipation efficiency, the core logic control module starts the first servo motor 309. The first servo motor 309 drives the beater plate 307 through the second reciprocating screw 308, causing it to move along the wave groove 306 in a specific trajectory, periodically beating the back of the dustproof net 302 to generate strong vibrations to shake off the deep fine dust. On the other hand, through the meshing of the first gear 310 and the second gear 311, it synchronously drives the first reciprocating screw 305 to rotate, driving the cleaning scraper 304 to move in a reciprocating linear motion along the guide rod 303 to scrape off the blocky or flocculent pollutants attached to the windward side of the dustproof net 302. Temperature sensor 5 continuously provides real-time temperature feedback. When the strong heat dissipation measures take effect and the temperature begins to drop below 50℃, the core logic control module will correspondingly reduce the fan speed or turn off the strong heat dissipation mode.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concept, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage, characterized in that, include: A heat dissipation frame (1) is fixedly connected to a cooling fan (2) inside the heat dissipation frame (1). A dustproof mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the heat dissipation frame (1). An opening and closing mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the dustproof mechanism (3). A temperature sensor (5) and a control terminal (6) are fixedly connected to the surface of the cooling fan (2). The control terminal (6) is connected to the cooling fan (2), the dustproof mechanism (3), and the opening and closing mechanism (4) by wires respectively. The dustproof mechanism (3) includes a dustproof frame (301) fixedly connected to the surface of the heat sink frame (1), and a dustproof net (302) is fixedly connected inside the dustproof frame (301). The opening and closing mechanism (4) includes an opening and closing frame (401) fixedly connected to the surface of the dustproof frame (301), and a plurality of rotating shafts (402) are rotatably connected to the surface of the opening and closing frame (401). Opening and closing fan blades (403) are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shafts (402).

2. The dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to claim 1, characterized in that, Inside the dustproof frame (301) and on one side of the dustproof net (302), a guide rod (303) is fixedly connected. A cleaning scraper (304) is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod (303). Inside the dustproof frame (301), a first reciprocating screw (305) is rotatably connected, and the cleaning scraper (304) is threaded to the surface of the first reciprocating screw (305).

3. The dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to claim 2, characterized in that, A wave groove (306) is provided inside the dustproof frame (301) and on the other side of the dustproof net (302). A beater plate (307) is slidably connected to the surface of the wave groove (306). A second reciprocating screw (308) is rotatably connected inside the dustproof frame (301).

4. The dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second reciprocating screw (308) has a first internal thread block (313) threadedly connected to its surface. The surface of the striking plate (307) has a first groove (312), and the first internal thread block (313) is slidably connected to the surface of the first groove (312).

5. The dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surface of the dustproof frame (301) is fixedly connected to a first servo motor (309), and the output shaft of the first servo motor (309) is fixedly connected to a second reciprocating lead screw (308). The surface of the second reciprocating lead screw (308) is fixedly connected to a first gear (310), and the surface of the first reciprocating lead screw (305) is fixedly connected to a second gear (311), and the first gear (310) meshes with the second gear (311).

6. The dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surfaces of the plurality of rotating shafts (402) are fixedly connected to a first synchronization plate (404), and the plurality of first synchronization plates (404) are connected by a second synchronization plate (405). The surface of the mounting base (406) is fixedly connected to a transmission rod (411).

7. The dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to claim 6, characterized in that, A mounting base (406) is fixedly connected to one side of the opening and closing frame (401). An arc groove (410) is opened on the surface of the mounting base (406), and the transmission rod (411) is slidably connected to the surface of the arc groove (410).

8. The dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mounting base (406) is rotatably connected to a threaded rod (407), and the surface of the threaded rod (407) is threadedly connected to a second internal threaded block (408). The surface of the mounting base (406) is fixedly connected to a second servo motor (409), and the output shaft of the second servo motor (409) is fixedly connected to the threaded rod (407). The surface of the second internal threaded block (408) is provided with a second sliding groove (412), and the transmission rod (411) is slidably connected to the surface of the second sliding groove (412).

9. The dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control terminal (6) is equipped with a temperature signal sensing module, a signal processing module, a parameter setting module and a core logic control module. The temperature signal sensing module is used to receive data on the internal ambient temperature of the UAV fuselage or key heat-generating components monitored by the temperature sensor (5) in real time. The signal processing module is used to convert the continuous analog electrical signal collected by the temperature signal sensing module into a discrete digital signal that can be recognized and processed by the PLC controller. The parameter setting module is used for users to preset control parameters, including the temperature threshold that triggers the fan to start, weak heat dissipation at 40°C, and strong heat dissipation at 50°C. The core logic control module is used to receive the digital temperature signal from the signal processing module, call the internally stored control program, compare the real-time temperature with the preset threshold of the input unit, and make a decision based on the comparison result.

10. A ventilation adjustment method for a dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage, applied to the dustproof and heat dissipation structure for a drone fuselage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Including the following steps: After the structure is started, the temperature sensor (5) starts to work continuously and collects temperature analog signals in real time. These signals are transmitted to the temperature signal sensing module of the control terminal (6). The module performs preliminary conditioning on the signals and then sends them to the signal processing module. The core of the signal processing module is the analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter converts the continuous analog current signal into discrete digital temperature values ​​so that the digital processor can perform accurate calculations and comparisons. The core logic control module continuously reads these digital temperature values ​​and calls the control program stored in the memory. The core logic of the program depends on the threshold and strategy preset by the user or system in the parameter setting module. When the temperature is below 40℃, the system is in standby mode, the cooling fan (2) stops, the fan blades of the opening and closing mechanism (4) are closed, and the cleaning function of the dustproof mechanism (3) is not activated. At this time, the system is completely sealed to prevent external dust and moisture from entering. When the temperature rises to the range of 40℃-50℃, the core logic control module determines that there is a slight heat dissipation demand and starts the second servo motor (409). Through the mechanism composed of the threaded rod (407), the second internal threaded block (408) and the transmission rod (411), the rotating shaft (402) is rotated at a certain angle, so that the opening and closing fan blades (403) are opened to the preset medium opening degree to form a ventilation channel. At the same time, the cooling fan (2) is started at a low speed to carry out gentle forced convection heat dissipation. At this time, the dustproof net (302) starts to work and filters the incoming air. When the temperature rises further and exceeds the strong heat dissipation threshold of 50°C, the system enters the high-efficiency heat dissipation mode. The core logic control module issues an upgrade command to control the fan blades (403) to open fully to maximize the air intake area and switch the cooling fan (2) to the highest speed to provide the maximum air volume and air pressure, quickly removing heat. At the same time, to prevent more dust from accumulating on the dust filter (302) due to increased airflow under high load heat dissipation, thus affecting the heat dissipation efficiency, the core logic control module starts the first servo motor (309). 9) On the one hand, the second reciprocating screw (308) drives the beater (307) to move along the wave groove (306) in a specific trajectory, periodically beating the back of the dustproof net (302) to generate strong vibrations to shake off the fine dust in the deep layers. On the other hand, through the meshing of the first gear (310) and the second gear (311), the first reciprocating screw (305) is driven to rotate synchronously, driving the cleaning scraper (304) to move in a reciprocating linear motion along the guide rod (303) to scrape off the blocky or flocculent pollutants attached to the windward side of the dustproof net (302); The temperature sensor (5) continuously provides real-time temperature feedback. When the strong heat dissipation measures take effect and the temperature begins to drop below 50°C, the core logic control module will correspondingly reduce the fan speed or turn off the strong heat dissipation mode.

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