Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a battery piece, an interconnection structural member and a buffer member. The plurality of battery pieces are arranged along a first direction, each battery piece is provided with an overlapping area, one part of each interconnection structural member is arranged on the front surface of the first battery piece, and the other part of each interconnection structural member is arranged on the back surface of the second battery piece. And the buffer piece is arranged in the overlapping area of the battery pieces in the second direction. In the second direction, the buffer part is located between the battery piece and the interconnection structural part; or the buffer piece is provided with a blank section and at least one buffer section, the buffer section and the blank section are arranged in the third direction, and the blank section is located between the battery piece and the interconnection structural piece in the second direction. According to the photovoltaic module provided by the invention, hidden cracks caused by lamination in the long-time use process of the overlapping areas of the battery pieces and / or the interconnection structural members can be avoided, so that the structural strength of the photovoltaic module can be improved, the output power of the photovoltaic module can be improved, and the service life of the photovoltaic module can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, in conventional PERC and TOPCon photovoltaic module stacking, the solder ribbon connects from the positive electrode of one cell to the negative electrode of the next. During the negative-pitch stacking process, the shear force between the cells and the solder ribbon can easily cause V-shaped microcracks at the cell edges, affecting the use of the photovoltaic module and reducing its lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module that avoids microcracks caused by lamination, thereby improving the structural strength of the photovoltaic module, increasing its output power, and extending its service life.

[0004] A photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: solar cells, a plurality of solar cells arranged along a first direction, each solar cell having a stacking area, two adjacent solar cells being a first solar cell and a second solar cell, the stacking area of ​​the first solar cell and the stacking area of ​​the second solar cell being stacked in a second direction; An interconnecting structure, a portion of which is disposed on the front side of the first battery cell and another portion of which is disposed on the back side of the second battery cell; a buffer, disposed within the stacking area of ​​the battery cells in the second direction; wherein, in the second direction, the buffer is located between the battery cells and the interconnecting structure; or the buffer has a blanking section and at least one buffering section, the buffering section and the blanking section being arranged along a third direction, the blanking section being located between the battery cells and the interconnecting structure in the second direction, the third direction, the second direction and the first direction being orthogonal to each other.

[0005] According to the photovoltaic module of the present invention, adjacent stacked cells are connected by interconnecting structures. By providing a buffer between the stacking area of ​​the cells and the interconnecting structures, it is helpful to avoid microcracks caused by lamination in the stacking area of ​​the cells and / or the interconnecting structures during long-term use, thereby improving the structural strength of the photovoltaic module, increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module, and extending the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the buffer is disposed adjacent to the edge of the battery cell, and the maximum distance between the buffer and the edge of the battery cell in the first direction is L1, wherein L1 satisfies: 0.3mm < L1 < 4mm.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the buffer is located between the battery cell and the interconnect structure in the second direction, the thickness of the buffer in the second direction is D1, wherein D1 satisfies: 20um≤D1≤60um.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the buffer in the third direction is greater than the width of the interconnect structure, the length of the buffer in the third direction is H1, and the width of the buffer in the first direction is W1, wherein H1 and W1 satisfy: 0.5mm < H1 < 2.0mm, 0.2mm < W1 < 0.8mm respectively.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the blank segment is located between the buffer segment and the interconnect structure in the second direction, the thickness of the buffer segment in the second direction is greater than or equal to the thickness of the interconnect structure.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the buffer member in the second direction is D2, and the thickness of the interconnect structure member in the second direction is D3, wherein D2 and D3 satisfy: 0.1mm≤D2≤0.4mm; 0.1mm≤D3≤0.3mm.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, there are two buffer segments, and the blank segment is located between the two buffer segments, wherein the width of the blank segment in the third direction is greater than the width of the interconnect structure.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structures in the third direction is A, wherein A satisfies: 10mm≤A≤20mm.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the buffer segment in the third direction is H2, and the width of the buffer segment in the first direction is W2, wherein H2 and W2 satisfy: 1.0mm < H2 < 2.5mm, 0.2mm < W2 < 1.0mm respectively.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the buffer segment is a single segment, located between two adjacent interconnecting structures in the third direction, and the width of the blank segment in the third direction is greater than the width of the interconnecting structure.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structures in the third direction is B, wherein B satisfies: 5.0mm≤B≤10.0mm.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the buffer segment in the third direction is H3, and the width of the buffer segment in the first direction is W3, wherein H3 and W3 respectively satisfy: 2mm≤H3≤5mm, 0.2mm≤W3≤1mm.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the buffer includes a first buffer disposed on the front side of the battery cell; the front side of the battery cell is provided with a plurality of pads, the plurality of pads being spaced apart along the first direction, and the pad adjacent to the first buffer among the plurality of pads being a first edge pad, and the first buffer being located between the first edge pad and the edge of the battery cell in the first direction.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the minimum distance between the first edge pad and the edge of the battery cell in the first direction is L2, wherein L2 satisfies: 5mm < L2 < 8mm; and / or, the minimum distance between the first edge pad and the first buffer in the first direction is L3, wherein L3 satisfies: 2mm ≤ L3 ≤ 5mm.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the buffer includes a second buffer disposed on the back side of the battery cell, and the second buffer and the first buffer are located on opposite sides of the interconnect structure in the second direction.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pad furthest from the first buffer among the plurality of pads is a second edge pad; the minimum distance between the second buffer and the edge of the battery cell in the first direction is less than the minimum distance between the second edge pad and the edge of the battery cell.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the minimum distance between the second edge pad and the edge of the battery cell in the first direction is L4, wherein L4 satisfies: 3mm < L4 < 9mm.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the pad in the third direction is greater than the length of the interconnect structure, the length of the buffer in the third direction is H4, and the width of the buffer in the first direction is W4, wherein H4 and W4 satisfy: 0.5mm < H4 < 2.0mm, 0.2mm < W4 < 0.8mm respectively.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the stacked area in the first direction is L, wherein L satisfies: 0.3mm≤L≤1.0mm.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a side view of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the solar cells and interconnecting structures of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the assembly of the solar cells and interconnecting structures of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the solar cells and interconnection structure of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the solar cells and interconnection structure of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure label: 100. Photovoltaic modules; 1. Solar cell; 11. Stacking area; 12. First solar cell; 13. Second solar cell; 14. Front side; 15. Back side; 16. Pad; 161. First edge pad; 162. Second edge pad; 2. Interconnect structure; 3. Buffer; 31. First buffer; 32. Second buffer; 33. Blank space; 34. Buffer section. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following is for reference. Figures 1-6 A photovoltaic module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0028] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the photovoltaic module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cell 1, an interconnect structure 2, and a buffer 3.

[0029] Specifically, a plurality of battery cells 1 are arranged along a first direction, each battery cell 1 having a stacking area 11, and two adjacent battery cells 1 being a first battery cell 12 and a second battery cell 13, with the stacking areas 11 of the first battery cell 12 and the second battery cell 13 stacked in a second direction. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0030] A portion of each interconnecting structure 2 is disposed on the front side 14 of the first solar cell 12, and another portion of each interconnecting structure 2 is disposed on the back side 15 of the second solar cell 13. A buffer 3 is disposed within the stacking area 11 of the solar cells 1 in the second direction.

[0031] In the second direction, the buffer 3 is located between the battery cell 1 and the interconnect structure 2; or the buffer 3 has a blank section 33 and at least one buffer section 34, the buffer section 34 and the blank section 33 are arranged along a third direction, the blank section 33 is located between the battery cell 1 and the interconnect structure 2 in the second direction, and the third direction, the second direction and the first direction are orthogonal to each other.

[0032] For example, in Figures 1-5 In the example, the stacking areas 11 on the first solar cell 12 and the second solar cell 13 are stacked in a second direction. The front side 14 of the first solar cell 12 is connected to the interconnecting structure 2, and the back side 15 of the second solar cell 13 is connected to the interconnecting structure 2, so that the first solar cell 12 and the second solar cell 13 are connected to form a single unit. This helps to increase the area of ​​the solar cells 1 within the photovoltaic module 100 and improve the efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0033] When the buffer 3 is located between the stacking area 11 of the solar cell 1 and the interconnecting structure 2 (the stress concentration point of the solar cell 1 and the interconnecting structure 2), the buffer 3 alleviates the influence of the stacking force between the stacking area 11 and the interconnecting structure 2 through elastic deformation, energy absorption or damping, and avoids microcracks caused by lamination in the stacking area 11 of the solar cell 1 and / or the interconnecting structure 2 during long-term use, thereby improving the structural strength of the photovoltaic module 100 and extending the service life of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0034] The buffer element 3 has a blank section 33 and at least one buffer section 34, which are arranged along a third direction. In the second direction, the blank section 33 is located between the solar cell 1 and the interconnect structure 2. Specifically, when the buffer element 3 has only one buffer section 34, the blank section 33 and the buffer section 34 are arranged sequentially. When the buffer element 3 has two buffer sections 34, in the third direction, the blank section 33 is flanked by two buffer sections 34. Thus, the position of the adjacent interconnect structure 2 is raised by the buffer section 34, increasing the height of the stacking area 11 of the two solar cells 1 in the second direction. This avoids the extrusion shear force between the edges of the two solar cells 1 and the interconnect structure 2 from being crushed or damaged, which helps to extend the service life of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0035] In addition, the blank section 33 serves as a movable area for the interconnecting structure 2, which facilitates the movement of the interconnecting structure 2 to a certain extent during the movement of the photovoltaic module 100, thereby avoiding hidden cracks in the interconnecting structure 2 during the movement process. It also helps to improve the applicability of the photovoltaic module 100 and facilitates the improvement of the applicability of the photovoltaic module 100 by appropriately adjusting its use.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the photovoltaic module 100 of the present invention, adjacent stacked solar cells 1 are connected by interconnecting structures 2. A buffer 3 is provided between the stacking area 11 of the solar cells 1 and the interconnecting structures 2, or the buffer segment 34 and the blank segment 33 of the buffer 3 are arranged such that the blank segment 33 is located between the solar cells 1 and the interconnecting structures 2 in a second direction. This helps to prevent microcracks caused by lamination in the stacking area 11 of the solar cells 1 and / or the interconnecting structures 2 during long-term use, thereby improving the structural strength of the photovoltaic module 100, increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module 100, and extending the service life of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present invention, with reference to Figures 1-3 The buffer 3 is positioned near the edge of the solar cell 1. Since the stress is concentrated at the edge of two adjacent solar cells 1, placing the buffer 3 near the edge helps to buffer the stress between the solar cell 1 and the interconnect structure 2 at the edge, thereby reducing the risk of microcracks in the solar cell 1 and the interconnect structure 2, improving the structural stability and reliability of the photovoltaic module 100, and extending the service life of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0038] The maximum distance between the buffer member 3 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the first direction is L1, where L1 satisfies: 0.3mm < L1 < 4mm. When the maximum distance between the buffer member 3 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the first direction is less than or equal to 0.3mm, the buffer member 3 tends to be flush with the edge of the solar cell 1 or the edge of the buffer member 3 extends beyond the edge of the solar cell 1. The buffer member 3 is prone to shading the surface of at least one solar cell 1, affecting the overall power of the photovoltaic module 100. When the maximum distance between the buffer member 3 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the first direction is greater than or equal to 4mm, the distance between the buffer member 3 and the edge of the solar cell 1 is larger, thereby reducing the effect of the buffer member 3 in buffering the stress concentration position between the solar cell 1 and the interconnection structure 2. At the same time, the size of the stacking area 11 is too large, the shading area increases, and the power loss of the cell is serious. Therefore, the above-mentioned limitation on the maximum distance between the buffer member 3 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the first direction is reasonable. It helps to ensure the stress buffering effect of the buffer member 3 on the solar cell 1 and the interconnection structure 2, while minimizing the shading of the buffer member 3 on the effective area of ​​the photovoltaic module 100, thereby improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0039] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the buffer 3 is located between the solar cell 1 and the interconnect structure 2 in the second direction, the thickness of the buffer 3 in the second direction is D1, where D1 satisfies: 20µm ≤ D1 ≤ 60µm. When the thickness of the buffer 3 in the second direction is less than 20µm, the thickness of the buffer 3 is too small, making it difficult to fully utilize the buffering effect of the buffer 3, and the risk of microcracks in the photovoltaic module 100 remains relatively high. When the thickness of the buffer 3 in the second direction is greater than 60µm, it tends to increase the spacing between the interconnect structure 2 and the surface of the solar cell 1, increasing the welding difficulty between the edge of the solar cell 1 and the interconnect structure 2, and also tends to increase the stress on the interconnect structure 2, thereby increasing the risk of microcracks in the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, by limiting the thickness of the buffer 3 to the range of 20µm ≤ D1 ≤ 60µm, it is beneficial to reduce the risk of microcracks caused by the buffer 3, and at the same time, it is beneficial to ensure that the buffering effect of the buffer 3 is suitable for meeting the needs of the edge of the solar cell 1 and the interconnect structure 2.

[0040] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The length of the buffer 3 in the third direction is greater than the width of the interconnecting structure 2. Therefore, when the interconnecting structure 2 is offset at a certain angle, it is ensured that the interconnecting structure 2 can contact the buffer 3 along the width of the third direction. This helps to ensure that the buffer 3 can buffer the stress on the interconnecting structure 2, improve the stress balance of the interconnecting structure 2, and extend the service life of the interconnecting structure 2.

[0041] The length of the buffer 3 in the third-direction upward direction is H1, and the width of the buffer 3 in the first direction is W1, where H1 and W1 satisfy: 0.5mm < H1 < 2.0mm and 0.2mm < W1 < 0.8mm, respectively. When the length of the buffer 3 in the third-direction upward direction is less than or equal to 0.5mm, the length of the buffer 3 is too small, making it difficult to cover the offset of the interconnect structure 2, and thus failing to ensure sufficient effective stress buffering for the solar cell 1 and the interconnect structure 2. Simultaneously, the width of the interconnect structure 2 in the third-direction upward direction is small, reducing the welding reliability between the interconnect structure 2 and the solar cell 1, and increasing the series resistance of the photovoltaic module 100, easily causing power loss in the photovoltaic module 100. When the length of the buffer 3 in the third-direction upward direction is greater than or equal to 2.0m, it results in waste of the buffer 3 and easily blocks a large area of ​​the solar cell 1, thereby reducing the output power of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, the above-mentioned length setting of the buffer 3 in the third direction is more reasonable, which helps to ensure stress buffering of the interconnect structure 2, improve the welding reliability of the interconnect structure 2 that it cooperates with, and reduce the series resistance. At the same time, it helps to ensure the effective area of ​​the photovoltaic module 100 and improve the output power of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0042] When the width of the buffer member 3 in the first direction is less than or equal to 0.2 mm, the buffer area of ​​the buffer member 3 is limited, and the buffer strength is poor, making it difficult to meet the stress buffering function between the solar cell 1 and the interconnecting structure 2. When the width of the buffer member 3 in the first direction is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm, the buffer member 3 easily blocks a large area of ​​the solar cell 1, which can easily reduce the output power of the solar cell 1. Therefore, the width range of the buffer member 3 in the first direction is more reasonable, so that the buffer member 3 can meet the stress buffering function between the solar cell 1 and the interconnecting structure 2, extend the service life of the photovoltaic module 100, and at the same time reduce the area of ​​the solar cell 1 blocked by the buffer member 3, thereby helping to ensure the output power of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0043] According to other embodiments of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 When the blank section 33 in the second direction is located between the buffer section 34 and the interconnecting structure 2, the thickness of the buffer section 3 in the second direction is greater than or equal to the thickness of the interconnecting structure 2. Therefore, the buffer section 34 increases the height of two adjacent solar cells 1 near the interconnecting structure 2, allowing the interconnecting structure 2 to be safely and reliably positioned between the two adjacent solar cells 1. This avoids the compressive and shearing forces exerted by the stacking area 11 of the two solar cells 1 on the interconnecting structure 2 in the second direction, thus helping to prevent microcracks caused by lamination in the stacking area 11 of the solar cells 1 and / or the interconnecting structure 2 during long-term use, and extending the service life of the photovoltaic module 100. The blank section 33 between the buffer section 34 and the interconnecting structure 2 facilitates the displacement of the interconnecting structure 2 in the second direction, thereby allowing the photovoltaic module 100 to change the angle between two adjacent solar cells 1 to some extent during movement or installation, improving the applicability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0044] Furthermore, the thickness of the buffer 3 in the second direction is D2, and the thickness of the interconnect structure 2 in the second direction is D3, wherein D2 and D3 satisfy: 0.1mm≤D2≤0.4mm; 0.1mm≤D3≤0.3mm. When the thickness of the buffer 3 in the second direction is less than 0.1mm, the corresponding thickness of the interconnect structure 2 in the second direction is small, resulting in insufficient mechanical strength and susceptibility to failure. This also easily leads to increased resistance in the interconnect structure 2, exacerbating signal loss during transmission and causing signal attenuation. When the thickness of the buffer 3 in the second direction is greater than 0.4mm, it easily increases the thickness of the photovoltaic module 100 in the second direction, increasing the volume of the photovoltaic module 100 and thus reducing its applicability. Therefore, by limiting the thickness of the buffer 3 in the second direction to within the range of 0.1mm≤D2≤0.4mm, the thickness of the buffer 3 makes the distance between the two battery cells 1 supported by the buffer 3 more reasonable. This is beneficial for buffering the force of the interconnect structure 2 with reasonable size, while also reducing the thickness of the photovoltaic module 100 in the second direction and improving the applicability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0045] When the thickness of the interconnecting structure 2 in the second direction is less than 0.1 mm, the thinner interconnecting structure 2 results in lower mechanical strength, which reduces its tensile strength. During the assembly or long-term use of the photovoltaic module 100, the interconnecting structure 2 is prone to breakage due to slight tension, or its current-carrying capacity may be insufficient to meet the power supply requirements of the photovoltaic module 100. When the thickness of the interconnecting structure 2 in the second direction is greater than 0.3 mm, its larger thickness results in greater rigidity, making it prone to stress concentration during bending and difficult to achieve small-radius bending, thus increasing the assembly difficulty of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, by limiting the thickness of the interconnecting structure 2 in the second direction to the range of 0.1 mm ≤ D3 ≤ 0.3 mm, it is beneficial to ensure both the mechanical strength and current-carrying capacity of the interconnecting structure 2, while also ensuring its flexibility, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0046] According to other embodiments of the present invention, refer to Figure 4There are two buffer sections 34, and a blank section 33 is located between the two buffer sections 34. The width of the blank section 33 in the third direction is greater than the width of the interconnecting structure 2. In the third direction, the blank section 33 between the two buffer sections 34 is suitable for the setting of the interconnecting structure 2, and also facilitates a certain degree of movement of the interconnecting structure 2 in the third direction. This allows the photovoltaic module 100 to change the angle between two adjacent cells 1 to a certain extent during movement or installation, improving the applicability of the photovoltaic module 100. Simultaneously, the buffer sections 34 on both sides of the interconnecting structure 2 help increase the height of adjacent cells 1 within the blank section 33, ensuring that the height of the interconnecting structure 2 is always greater than or equal to its height when it shifts within the blank section 33. This effectively prevents microcracks caused by lamination in the stacking area 11 of the cells 1 and / or the interconnecting structure 2 during long-term use, thereby improving the structural strength of the photovoltaic module 100 and extending its service life.

[0047] Furthermore, referring to Figure 4 The minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 in the third-direction upward direction is A, where A satisfies: 10mm ≤ A ≤ 20mm. When the minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 in the third-direction upward direction is less than 10mm, the distance between the two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 is small, and setting two buffer members 3 between the two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 is wasteful, resulting in increased costs. When the minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 in the third-direction upward direction is greater than 20mm, the spacing between the two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 is large, and the spacing between the grid lines of the corresponding solar cell 1 is large, which can easily reduce the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, by limiting the minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 in the third-direction upward direction to the above range, it is appropriate to stably set two buffer members 3 between the two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 to stably and reliably buffer the stress of the interconnecting structural members 2, reduce the risk of microcracks in the interconnecting structural members 2, and at the same time ensure the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0048] Furthermore, the length of the third-direction upward buffer section 34 is H2, and the width of the buffer section 34 in the first direction is W2, where H2 and W2 satisfy: 1.0mm < H2 < 2.5mm, 0.2mm < W2 < 1.0mm, respectively. When the length of the third-direction upward buffer section 34 is less than or equal to 1.0mm, the length of the buffer section 34 is too small, making it difficult to stably support the solar cells 1 on the side of the interconnect structure 2, and making it difficult to sufficiently reduce microcracks caused by lamination. At the same time, the stress on both sides of the buffer section 34 in the third direction is large, which can easily cause microcracks in the solar cells 1. When the length of the third-direction upward buffer section 34 is greater than or equal to 2.5mm, the length of the buffer section 34 is too large, and setting two buffer sections 34 between two adjacent interconnect structure 2 increases the cost of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, by limiting the length of the buffer section 34 to the above range, it is beneficial for the buffer section 34 to be stably supported between two adjacent solar cells 1, effectively reducing the microcracks caused by the interconnect structure 2 and solar cells 1 during the lamination process, while effectively limiting the use of the buffer section 34, reducing the cost of the buffer component 3 and the photovoltaic module 100.

[0049] When the width of the buffer section 34 in the first direction is less than or equal to 0.2 mm, the width of the buffer section 34 is small, and the stress on both sides of the buffer section 34 in the first direction is large, which can easily cause microcracks in the solar cell 1. When the width of the buffer section 34 in the first direction is greater than or equal to 1.0 mm, the width of the buffer section 34 is large, which can easily block at least part of the effective area of ​​the solar cell 1, reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, by limiting the width of the buffer section 34 within the above range, it is beneficial to improve the structural strength of the buffer section 34, reduce microcracks caused by lamination in the stacking area 11 and / or interconnection structure 2 of the solar cell 1 during long-term use, and at the same time ensure the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0050] According to some other embodiments of the present invention, with reference to Figure 5 There is one buffer segment 34, located between two adjacent interconnecting structures 2. By setting only one buffer segment 34 between two adjacent interconnecting structures 2, the height support near the two adjacent interconnecting structures 2 can be achieved, thereby buffering the lamination pressure of adjacent battery cells 1 in the stacking area 11 and reducing microcracks caused by lamination in the stacking area 11 and / or interconnecting structures 2 during long-term use.

[0051] The width of the third-party upward blank section 33 is greater than the width of the interconnect structure 2, so that the interconnect structure 2 can be offset at a certain angle within the blank section 33. This avoids the rigid compression between the interconnect structure 2 and the buffer section 34 when the adjacent cells 1 have a small relative displacement, thereby further improving the structural strength and operational stability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0052] Furthermore, referring to Figure 5 The minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 in the third direction is B, where B satisfies: 5.0mm ≤ B ≤ 10.0mm. When the minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 in the third direction is less than 5.0mm, the length of the buffer section 34 suitable for setting between the two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 is too small, resulting in low structural strength and difficulty in sufficiently reducing microcracks caused by lamination. At the same time, the stress on both sides of the buffer section 34 in the third direction is large, which can easily cause microcracks in the solar cell 1. When the minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 in the third direction is greater than 10.0mm, a longer buffer section 34 is required to ensure stable support between the two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2, increasing the cost of the buffer section 3. Therefore, by limiting the minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 in the third direction to the above range, it is beneficial to set a buffer section 34 between adjacent interconnecting structural members 2, thereby achieving support for the adjacent positions of the two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2 and improving the structural strength of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0053] Furthermore, the length of the upward buffer section 34 in the third direction is H3, and the width of the buffer section 34 in the first direction is W3, wherein H3 and W3 satisfy: 2mm≤H3≤5mm and 0.2mm≤W3≤1mm, respectively. The length of the upward buffer section 34 in the third direction is limited within the above range, making the buffer section 34 suitable for stable support between two adjacent interconnecting structural members 2. Simultaneously, the width of the buffer section 34 in the first direction is limited within the above range, ensuring that the structural strength of the buffer member 3 is suitable for stable support between two solar cells 1. This helps reduce microcracks caused by lamination in the stacking area 11 of the solar cells 1 and / or the interconnecting structural members 2 during long-term use, thereby improving the structural strength of the photovoltaic module 100, increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module 100, and extending the service life of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0054] According to some other embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figures 1-3 The buffer 3 includes a first buffer 31, which is disposed on the front side 14 of the battery cell 1. The first buffer 31 is adapted to buffer the stress on the front side 14 of the battery cell 1 and reduce the risk of microcracks on the front side 14 of the battery cell 1.

[0055] The front side 14 of the battery cell 1 is provided with a plurality of pads 16, which are spaced apart along a first direction. The pad 16 adjacent to the first buffer 31 is the first edge pad 161. In the first direction, the first buffer 31 is located between the first edge pad 161 and the edge of the battery cell 1.

[0056] Interconnector 2 is electrically connected sequentially to multiple pads 16 in the same direction along a first direction, so that the current on the cell 1 is transmitted to interconnector 2 through the pads 16. The first edge pad 161 can specifically collect the current generated in the edge region of the cell 1, and then collect and transmit it to interconnector 2 for discharge. Since the edge of the cell 1 is a high recombination region, charge carriers are prone to recombination at the boundary when they are transmitted to the edge of the cell 1, which reduces the charge carrier collection efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, there is a certain gap between the first edge pad 161 and the edge of the cell 1. At the same time, the first buffer 31 is located between the first edge pad 161 and the edge of the cell 1 to avoid the first buffer affecting the welding reliability and stability between interconnector 2 and first edge pad 161. It helps to buffer the stress on the position of interconnector 2 and cell 1 between the first edge pad 161 and the edge of cell 1, thereby reducing the risk of microcracks in photovoltaic module 100, improving the safety of photovoltaic module 100, and extending the service life of photovoltaic module 100.

[0057] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3 The minimum distance between the first edge pad 161 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the first direction is L2, where L2 satisfies: 5mm ≤ L2 ≤ 8mm. When the minimum distance between the first edge pad 161 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the first direction is less than 5mm, the spacing between them is too close. Since the edge of the solar cell 1 is a high recombination region, charge carriers are prone to recombination at the boundary when transported to the edge, reducing the charge carrier collection efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. When the minimum distance between the first edge pad 161 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the first direction is greater than 8mm, it results in a waste of some effective power generation area of ​​the solar cell 1, thereby reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, by limiting the minimum distance between the first edge pad 161 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the first direction to the above range, it is beneficial to ensure the charge carrier collection efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100, improve its structural stability, and extend its service life.

[0058] The minimum distance between the first edge pad 161 and the first buffer 31 in the first direction is L3, where L3 satisfies: 2mm ≤ L3 ≤ 5mm. When the minimum distance between the first edge pad 161 and the first buffer 31 in the first direction is less than 2mm, the distance between the first buffer 31 and the first edge pad 161 is small, and the first buffer 31 affects the welding effect between the first edge pad 161 and the interconnect structure 2. Even when the buffer 3 is placed between the interconnect structure 2 and the cell 1, the height of the surface of the interconnect structure 2 and the cell 1 is easily raised by the buffer 3, affecting the fit between the interconnect structure 2 and the first edge pad 161. When the minimum distance between the first edge pad 161 and the first buffer 31 in the first direction is greater than 5mm, the corresponding distance between the first edge pad 161 and the edge of the cell 1 is large, making it difficult to ensure that the current on the edge of the cell 1 can be completely discharged, which easily reduces the power of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, the limitation of the minimum distance between the first edge pad 161 and the first buffer 31 in the first direction is more reasonable, which helps to ensure the fit and welding reliability of the first edge pad 161 and the interconnect structure 2, and at the same time helps to ensure that the current on the edge of the battery cell 1 can be reliably discharged.

[0059] According to some embodiments of the present invention, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The buffer 3 includes a second buffer 32, which is disposed on the back side 15 of the solar cell 1. In the second direction, the second buffer 32 and the first buffer 31 are located on opposite sides of the interconnect structure 2. The second buffer 32 is adapted to buffer the stress on the back side 15 of the solar cell 1, reducing the risk of microcracks on the back side 15 of the solar cell 1. Through the first buffer 31 and the second buffer 32, both the front side 14 and the back side 15 of the solar cell 1 have corresponding buffers 3 to buffer the shear force on the corresponding side of the interconnect structure 2 and the solar cell 1, thereby improving the structural strength of the photovoltaic module 100 and extending the service life of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0060] Furthermore, the pad 16 furthest from the first buffer 31 among the multiple pads 16 is the second edge pad 162. The minimum distance between the second buffer 32 and the edge of the cell 1 in the first direction is less than the minimum distance between the second edge pad 162 and the edge of the cell 1. The second edge pad 162 can specifically collect the current generated in the edge region of the cell 1, and then collect and transmit it to the interconnect structure 2 for outgoing current. Since the edge of the cell 1 is a high recombination region, charge carriers are prone to recombination at the boundary when transmitted to the edge of the cell 1, reducing the charge carrier collection efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, there is a certain gap between the second edge pad 162 and the edge of the cell 1. By setting the second buffer 32 between the second edge pad 162 and the edge of the cell 1, the stress on the interconnect structure 2 and the cell 1 between the second edge pad 162 and the edge of the cell 1 is buffered, thereby reducing the risk of microcracks in the photovoltaic module 100, improving the safety of the photovoltaic module 100, and extending the service life of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0061] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3 The minimum distance between the second edge pad 162 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the first direction is L4, where L4 satisfies: 3mm < L4 < 9mm. When the maximum distance between the second edge pad 162 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the first direction is less than or equal to 3mm, the second edge pad 162 is close to the edge of the solar cell 1, and heat cannot be effectively dissipated, which will form a thermal stress gradient at the edge of the solar cell 1, easily increasing the risk of microcracks in the solar cell 1. At the same time, there are many lattice defects at the edge of the solar cell 1, which are the main sources of dark current (leakage current when there is no light). Therefore, the second edge pad 162 is close to the edge of the solar cell 1, making it easy for the second edge pad 162 to contact the lattice defect region at the edge, forming a leakage path and reducing the output power of the photovoltaic module 100. When the minimum distance between the second edge pad 162 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the first direction is greater than 9mm, it is difficult to ensure that the current on the edge of the solar cell 1 can be completely discharged, which easily reduces the power of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, the minimum distance between the second edge pad 162 and the edge of the cell 1 in the first direction is more reasonable, which helps to reduce the mutual influence between the second edge pad 162 and the edge of the cell 1, and at the same time allows the current of the cell 1 adjacent to the edge to be reliably discharged, thereby improving the output power of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0062] According to some embodiments of the present invention, with reference to Figure 2 The length of the pad 16 in the third direction is greater than the length of the interconnect structure 2. This ensures that the interconnect structure 2 can make effective electrical contact with the pad 16 along its width in the third direction, thereby facilitating the stable transmission of current from the cell 1 to the interconnect structure 2 and its discharge.

[0063] The length of the buffer member in the third direction is H4, and the width of the buffer member in the first direction is W4, where H4 and W4 satisfy: 0.5mm < H4 < 2.0mm and 0.2mm < W4 < 0.8mm, respectively. The length of the buffer member 3 is within the above range, allowing it to effectively buffer the interconnect structure 2 when it shifts. The width of the buffer member 3 is also within the above range, resulting in high structural strength and less stress compression between the buffer member 3 and the solar cell 1. This allows the buffer member 3 to effectively buffer the stress between the solar cell 1 and the interconnect structure 2, extending the lifespan of the photovoltaic module 100. It also helps reduce the area of ​​the solar cell 1 obstructed by the buffer member 3, thereby ensuring the output power of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0064] In addition, refer to Figure 1 The length of the stacking region 11 in the first direction is L, where L satisfies: 0.3mm ≤ L ≤ 1.0mm. When the length of the stacking region 11 is less than 0.3mm, the stacking region 11 is small, resulting in poor connection stability between adjacent solar cells 1. When the length of the stacking region 11 is greater than 1.0mm, the effective power generation area of ​​the photovoltaic module 100 is small, reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100, and also increasing the thermal stress distribution, which can easily lead to microcracks in the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, by limiting the length of the stacking region 11 in the first direction to the above range, the photovoltaic module 100 achieves both structural stability and high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0065] Among them, the buffer 3 can be made of flexible polymer material. No specific limitation is made here.

[0066] In actual production process, refer to Figure 6 The manufacturing process of photovoltaic module 100 is as follows: (1) Position the front side 14 of the battery cell 1, and print or spray a flexible polymer material on the front side 14 of the battery cell 1, and dry and cure to form a stable buffer 3. (2) Flip the battery cell 1 to the back side 15 of the battery cell 1, print or spray on the back side 15 of the battery cell 1 to form a flexible polymer material, and dry and cure to form a stable buffer 3.

[0067] Other configurations and operations of the photovoltaic module 100 according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0068] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "outer", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0069] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0070] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0071] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: A battery cell, wherein a plurality of said battery cells are arranged along a first direction, each said battery cell has a stacking area, and two adjacent said battery cells are a first battery cell and a second battery cell, wherein the stacking area of ​​the first battery cell and the stacking area of ​​the second battery cell are stacked in a second direction; Interconnection structure, a portion of each interconnection structure is disposed on the front side of the first battery cell, and another portion of each interconnection structure is disposed on the back side of the second battery cell; A buffer element, wherein the buffer element is disposed within the stacking area of ​​the battery cells in the second direction; Wherein, in the second direction, the buffer is located between the battery cell and the interconnect structure; or, The buffer has a blank section and at least one buffer section, the buffer section and the blank section are arranged along a third direction, the blank section is located between the battery cell and the interconnect structure in the second direction, and the third direction, the second direction and the first direction are orthogonal to each other.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer is positioned adjacent to the edge of the battery cell. The maximum distance between the buffer and the edge of the battery cell in the first direction is L1, wherein L1 satisfies: 0.3mm < L1 < 4mm.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the buffer is located between the battery cell and the interconnect structure in the second direction, the thickness of the buffer in the second direction is D1, wherein D1 satisfies: 20um≤D1≤60um.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the buffer in the third direction is greater than the width of the interconnect structure. The length of the buffer in the third direction is H1, and the width of the buffer in the first direction is W1. H1 and W1 satisfy the following conditions: 0.5mm < H1 < 2.0mm and 0.2mm < W1 < 0.8mm, respectively.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the blank space is located between the buffer section and the interconnect structure in the second direction, the thickness of the buffer is greater than or equal to the thickness of the interconnect structure in the second direction.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the buffer in the second direction is D2, and the thickness of the interconnect structure in the second direction is D3, wherein D2 and D3 satisfy: 0.1mm≤D2≤0.4mm; 0.1mm≤D3≤0.3mm.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, There are two buffer segments, and the blank segment is located between the two buffer segments. The width of the blank segment is greater than the width of the interconnect structure in the third direction.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structures in the third direction is A, wherein A satisfies: 10mm≤A≤20mm.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The length of the buffer segment in the third direction is H2, and the width of the buffer segment in the first direction is W2, wherein H2 and W2 satisfy: 1.0mm < H2 < 2.5mm, 0.2mm < W2 < 1.0mm respectively.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The buffer segment is a single segment, located between two adjacent interconnecting structures in the third direction, and the width of the blank segment in the third direction is greater than the width of the interconnecting structure.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that, The minimum distance between two adjacent interconnecting structures in the third direction is B, wherein B satisfies: 5.0mm≤B≤10.0mm.

12. The photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that, The length of the buffer segment in the third direction is H3, and the width of the buffer segment in the first direction is W3, wherein H3 and W3 satisfy: 2mm≤H3≤5mm, 0.2mm≤W3≤1mm respectively.

13. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The buffer includes a first buffer, which is disposed on the front side of the battery cell; The front side of the battery cell has multiple pads, which are spaced apart along the first direction. The pad adjacent to the first buffer is a first edge pad, and the first buffer is located between the first edge pad and the edge of the battery cell in the first direction.

14. The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the first edge pad and the edge of the battery cell in the first direction is L2, wherein L2 satisfies: 5mm < L2 < 8mm; and / or, The minimum distance between the first edge pad and the first buffer in the first direction is L3, wherein L3 satisfies: 2mm≤L3≤5mm.

15. The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, characterized in that, The buffer includes a second buffer disposed on the back of the battery cell, and the second buffer and the first buffer are located on opposite sides of the interconnect structure in the second direction.

16. The photovoltaic module according to claim 15, characterized in that, The pad furthest from the first buffer among the plurality of pads is the second edge pad; In the first direction, the minimum distance between the second buffer and the edge of the battery cell is less than the minimum distance between the second edge pad and the edge of the battery cell.

17. The photovoltaic module according to claim 16, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the second edge pad and the edge of the battery cell in the first direction is L4, wherein L4 satisfies: 3mm < L4 < 9mm.

18. The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, characterized in that, The length of the pad in the third direction is greater than the length of the interconnect structure, the length of the buffer in the third direction is H4, and the width of the buffer in the first direction is W4, wherein H4 and W4 satisfy: 0.5mm < H4 < 2.0mm, 0.2mm < W4 < 0.8mm respectively.

19. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the overlapping area in the first direction is L, wherein L satisfies: 0.3mm≤L≤1.0mm.

Images