Cost-saving and efficiency-increasing method for compound planting of pepper garden grains

Abstract

The invention discloses a cost-saving and efficiency-increasing method for Chinese prickly ash garden grains through compound planting, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. According to the method, in order to solve the difficulty of pepper industry dilemma and grain size coordination, the field planting density of pepper of 2 m * 3 m or 3 m * 4 m is adopted, and shade-tolerant dwarf early-maturing disease-resistant potatoes, short-growth-period shade-tolerant soybeans or shade-tolerant short-vine sweet potatoes and shade-tolerant angelica sinensis are interplanted in areas 50 cm away from pepper tree trunks; controlling the ploughing depth to be less than 20cm and the ploughing depth to be shallower when being closer to a trunk, and matching a synergistic application scheme of organic fertilizer and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, a physical disease and pest prevention and control system and timely irrigation in different growth periods; according to the method, the yield per mu of Chinese prickly ash is increased by 20% or above, meanwhile, 50 kg of soybeans or 1200 kg of potatoes or 1000 kg of sweet potatoes are additionally harvested per mu, weeding is reduced by 3-4 times every year, more than 3000 yuan is increased per mu, grain safety and Chinese prickly ash industrial benefits are considered, and the method is suitable for being popularized in Chinese prickly ash suitable-to-grow areas at the altitude of 2200 m or below in Sichuan.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural compound planting, and relates to a method for saving cost and increasing efficiency in compound planting of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and grain. BACKGROUND

[0002] (I) Status of the Prior Art

[0003] Sichuan is the largest province of Zanthoxylum bungeanum planting in China. As of the end of 2024, the total area of Zanthoxylum bungeanum cultivation in the province was 5.3 million mu, with an annual output of 190,000 tons of dried peppers and a comprehensive annual output value of 30 billion yuan, which is an important pillar of the economy in mountainous rural areas. However, in recent years, the market price of Zanthoxylum bungeanum has been low, and the traditional Zanthoxylum bungeanum monoculture mode has problems such as low land utilization rate, high cost of weed control, and difficulty in coordinated development of grain crops.

[0004] In the existing compound planting technology, a cultivation process for interplanting Zanthoxylum bungeanum and peppers is disclosed in patent application No. CN202010858986.1, the core of which is the interplanting of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and peppers, which only realizes the land reuse between economic crops and does not take into account grain production.

[0005] Patent application No. CN201811195890.0 discloses an interplanting method for Zanthoxylum bungeanum and red sage, which aims to improve the germination rate of red sage seedlings and does not involve the coordinated planting of grain crops.

[0006] Patent application No. CN202010211331.5 discloses an interplanting method for wheat, spinach, corn, and green manure.

[0007] Patent application No. CN201110179759.7 discloses a planting technology for interplanting wheat and winter melon, and corn.

[0008] Patent application No. CN201510134214.2 discloses a method for interplanting wheat and grapes. The above-mentioned patents are all for the interplanting of grain and economic crops or multiple crops, and do not solve the problems of symbiotic competition and yield coordination between Zanthoxylum bungeanum and grain crops.

[0009] (II) Analysis of the Technical Evolution Route

[0010] The evolution of Zanthoxylum bungeanum planting technology can be divided into two stages:

[0011] Single Zanthoxylum bungeanum planting stage: In the early stage of Zanthoxylum bungeanum planting, the pure forest mode was adopted, only focusing on the management of Zanthoxylum bungeanum fertilizer, water, and pruning, which had the defects of long idle period of land, rapid growth of weeds, and single yield per unit area. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers and herbicides can lead to soil degradation.

[0012] Zanthoxylum bungeanum and economic crop interplanting stage: with the increasing demand for land intensification, Zanthoxylum bungeanum interplanting techniques of economic crops such as peppers and red sage (e.g. CN111937667A, CN109089714A) appear, although the land utilization rate is improved, but the problem of food security and pepper farmer income offset is not solved, and no coordinated scheme is designed for the nutrient competition of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and interplanting crops.

[0013] Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of the present application is provided. SUMMARY

[0014] The purpose of the present application is to provide a Zanthoxylum bungeanum garden grain economic composite planting method for saving cost and increasing efficiency, to solve the problems of low land utilization rate, difficult coordination of grain economic crops, and insufficient pepper farmer income in the market downturn period, and to achieve the comprehensive benefits of Zanthoxylum bungeanum yield increase, grain income increase, and cost reduction.

[0015] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0016] A Zanthoxylum bungeanum garden grain economic composite planting method, comprising the following steps:

[0017] (1) Zanthoxylum bungeanum garden planting: Zanthoxylum bungeanum trees are planted at a plant row spacing of 2m x 3m or 3m x 4m, ensuring that 1 to 2m of cultivation space is reserved between the rows of the Zanthoxylum bungeanum garden and the upper branches are not closed;

[0018] (2) Interplanting area demarcation: demarcate the interplanting area in the garden soil 50 cm away from the Zanthoxylum bungeanum tree trunk;

[0019] (3) Interplanting area soil preparation: use a micro tiller to till the soil in the interplanting area, control the tillage depth to be less than 20 cm, and the closer to the Zanthoxylum bungeanum tree trunk, the shallower the tillage depth;

[0020] (4) Interplanting crop planting: plant shade-tolerant and short-stalk type grain crops in the interplanting area, the grain crops being early-maturing and disease-resistant potatoes, short-growth-period shade-tolerant soybeans, or shade-tolerant short-vine sweet potatoes;

[0021] (5) Field management: apply organic fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to the Zanthoxylum bungeanum garden, use physical methods for disease and pest control, and irrigate in a timely manner according to the growth periods of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and interplanting crops; through the above steps, the yield per mu of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is increased by more than 20%, at the same time, 50 kg of soybeans or 1200 kg of potatoes or 1000 kg of sweet potatoes are additionally harvested per mu, and 3 to 4 times of weeding are reduced per year.

[0022] Further, for the variety selection of interplanting crops, early-maturing and disease-resistant potato varieties with a growth period of 60 to 80 days, shade-tolerant and lodging-resistant soybean varieties with a growth period of 90 to 110 days, or short-vine sweet potato varieties are selected.

[0023] Further: for planting time, spring potato is planted when the soil temperature is stable at 5 to 8 DEG C, spring soybean is planted when the soil temperature is stable at 10 DEG C or more, and sweet potato is planted when the soil temperature is stable at 15 DEG C or more in spring.

[0024] Further: for fertilization scheme, 1.5 to 3 kg of balanced compound fertilizer is applied to the seedling period of pepper, 2000 to 3000 kg of mature farmyard manure and 30 to 40 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer are applied per mu during the whole process of the whole process.

[0025] Further: for disease and pest control, the physical control method of yellow sticky board to kill aphids and black light lamp to kill moth adults is adopted, and low-toxicity pesticides are sprayed if necessary.

[0026] Further: for irrigation scheme, the seedling period of pepper is synchronized with the seedling period of the interplanting crop, and the interplanting crop is supplemented with water during the fruit expansion or pod setting period and is avoided to accumulate water.

[0027] Further: for suitable areas, the method is suitable for the suitable area of pepper below 2200 meters above sea level.

[0028] Further: for subsequent fertilization, the soil is shallowly turned after the interplanting crop is harvested, and organic fertilizer is supplemented, so that the soil nutrient cycle is realized.

[0029] Further: for special crop interplanting, the shade-tolerant angelica variety can be planted in the interplanting area, and the seedling of angelica needs to be soaked and disinfected with carbendazim liquid before planting.

[0030] Further: for pepper tree body cooperation, the dense branches of pepper need to be thinned when interplanting sweet potato, so that sweet potato can obtain 4 to 6 hours of light per day.

[0031] Further: for the requirements of crop rotation, the sweet potato is continuously interplanted in the same land block for no more than 2 years, and needs to be rotated with legume crops.

[0032] The core working principle of the application is space layering utilization + growth period coordination + nutrient complementation:

[0033] Space layering: the pepper tree is an upper layer high-stalk crop, which utilizes the upper layer light for photosynthesis; the interplanted potato, soybean and sweet potato are lower layer shade-tolerant crops, which utilize the scattered light under the forest to grow, and the 50 cm spacing of the tree trunk avoids the competition of root space.

[0034] Growth period coordination: the interplanting crops are sown at the seedling period of pepper, at which time the demand of pepper for nutrients is low, so that the competition for nutrients is avoided; the harvest period of the interplanting crops is staggered with the harvesting period of pepper, so that the labor contradiction is avoided.

[0035] Nutrient complementation: the synergistic application of organic fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer not only meets the long-term nutrient demand of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, but also adapts to the short-term nutrient demand of interplanting crops; straw returning of interplanting crops can supplement soil organic matter, and benefit the growth of Zanthoxylum bungeanum; and physical control avoids cross drug damage of pesticides to the two crops, and guarantees product quality.

[0036] In summary, due to the adoption of the technical solutions described above, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. A method for saving cost and increasing efficiency in the compound planting of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and crops, which breaks through the technical bottleneck of "light and nutrient competition between Zanthoxylum bungeanum and crops", realizes the dual goals of Zanthoxylum bungeanum yield increase and crop yield increase, and achieves the unity of cost saving and ecological protection through optimization of planting density, selection of interplanting crop varieties, control of tillage depth gradient, water and fertilizer time sequence coordination and physical control linkage.

[0038] 2. In the present application, the yield per mu of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is increased by more than 20%, and the yield per mu of fresh Zanthoxylum bungeanum in the Han Yuan demonstration base reaches 576.9 kg, which is 25.4% higher than that of pure forest, and at the same time, 50 kg of soybeans or 1200 kg of potatoes or 1000 kg of sweet potatoes per mu are additionally harvested, realizing "one field with double harvest".

[0039] 3. In the present application, the frequency of weeding is reduced by 3 to 4 times per year, the cost of herbicides and manual weeding is reduced, and the yield per mu is increased by more than 3000 yuan.

[0040] 4. In the present application, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and herbicides is reduced, the soil organic matter is increased, the microclimate under the forest is improved, the microbial population is promoted, and green ecological planting is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, experimental examples and comparative examples, and it should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings, wherein:

[0042] Figure 1 is a picture of the present application of Zanthoxylum bungeanum under potato planting;

[0043] Figure 2 is a picture of the present application of Zanthoxylum bungeanum under potato growth in the early stage;

[0044] Figure 3 is a picture of the present application of Zanthoxylum bungeanum under potato growth in the vigorous growth stage;

[0045] Figure 4 is a picture of the present application of Zanthoxylum bungeanum under potato yield of a randomly selected plant;

[0046] Figure 5 is a picture of the initial growth of soybean under the pepper trees according to the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 is a picture of the vigorous growth of soybean under the pepper trees according to the present application;

[0048] Figure 7 is a picture of the initial growth of angelica sinensis under the pepper trees according to the present application;

[0049] Figure 8 is a picture of the middle growth of angelica sinensis under the pepper trees according to the present application;

[0050] Figure 9 is a picture of the vigorous growth of angelica sinensis under the pepper trees according to the present application;

[0051] Figure 10 is a picture of the vigorous growth of sweet potato under the pepper trees according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the objects, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, examples, experimental examples, and comparative examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application, i.e., the described examples are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0053] Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided below in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making creative efforts fall within the scope of the present application.

[0054] It should be noted that the relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a list of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent in such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

[0055] The features and performances of the present application are described in further detail below in connection with examples.

[0056] I. Example

[0057] Example 1

[0058] The present application is a method for saving cost and increasing efficiency of compound planting of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and crops in Zanthoxylum bungeanum orchard, as shown in the figure, the specific implementation of the present example is Zanthoxylum bungeanum + potato compound planting in Hanguang County: Figures 1-10

[0059] In the Zanthoxylum bungeanum orchard in Huangmu Town, Hanguang County, Zanthoxylum bungeanum trees are planted at a plant row spacing of 2 meters x 3 meters, and a region for interplanting is demarcated 50 centimeters away from the trunk, with a plowing depth controlled at 15 centimeters (50-80 centimeters away from the trunk) to 10 centimeters (80-100 centimeters away from the trunk).

[0060] When the soil is plowed, 2500 kilograms of mature farmyard manure and 35 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are applied per mu, and Zhongshu No. 3 potatoes are sown in February when the soil temperature is stable at 6℃, with ridge planting adopted, with a ridge height of 18 centimeters, a ridge width of 65 centimeters, 2 rows per ridge, a plant spacing of 28 centimeters, and a sowing depth of 9 centimeters.

[0061] 2 kilograms of balanced compound fertilizer are applied per plant and watered at the germination stage of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and 12 kilograms of potassium fertilizer are top-dressed per mu at the tuber formation stage of potatoes, with the top-dressing of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and potatoes being carried out synchronously.

[0062] Yellow sticky boards are used to kill aphids, and the fungicide Xiangmang is sprayed at the early stage of late blight.

[0063] Potatoes are harvested in September, with a yield of 1200 kilograms per mu, and Zanthoxylum bungeanum fresh peppers yield 576.9 kilograms per mu, with an increase of 25.4% compared with pure forest, and an increase of 3200 yuan per mu in income and savings.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] The present application is a method for saving cost and increasing efficiency of compound planting of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and crops in Zanthoxylum bungeanum orchard, as shown in the figure, the specific implementation of the present example is Zanthoxylum bungeanum + potato compound planting in Hanguang County: Figures 1-10

[0066] In the Zanthoxylum bungeanum orchard in Shiqian County, Zanthoxylum bungeanum trees are planted at a plant row spacing of 3 meters x 4 meters, and the area 50 centimeters away from the trunk is plowed to a depth of 18 centimeters, and 1200 kilograms of mature farmyard manure and 25 kilograms of superphosphate are applied per mu when the soil is plowed.

[0067] Sowing of Chuan Dou 155 soybeans is carried out in April when the soil temperature is stable at 12℃, with hole sowing adopted, a row spacing of 45 centimeters, a plant spacing of 18 centimeters, 2 seeds per hole, and a sowing depth of 4 centimeters.

[0068] Soybeans are irrigated and watered at the flowering and podding stage, and 12 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is top-dressed per mu in areas with poor soil. ​​

[0069] Hang yellow sticky board in the field to kill aphids, and spray chlorantraniliprole at the bud stage to control bean borer.

[0070] Harvest soybeans in August, with a yield of 50 kg per mu, and fresh peppers of 550 kg per mu, which is 22% higher than pure forests, with an increase of 3050 yuan per mu.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] The method for saving cost and increasing benefit of compound planting in a Zanthoxylum bungeanum garden, as shown in the figure, is Zanthoxylum bungeanum + sweet potato compound planting: Figures 1-10

[0073] In the Zanthoxylum bungeanum garden in Mao County, Zanthoxylum bungeanum trees are planted at a plant row spacing of 2m x 3m, and the area 50cm away from the trunk is plowed to a depth of 16cm. When the soil is prepared, 1300kg of mature organic fertilizer and 1:1:1 compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied per mu.

[0074] When the ground temperature stabilizes at 16℃ in May, cut the chestnut potato seedlings, with a row spacing of 90cm and a plant spacing of 28cm, and plant 1 seedling per hole.

[0075] When the sweet potato vines grow to 35cm long, the vines are lifted, the dense branches of Zanthoxylum bungeanum are removed, and the sweet potatoes are ensured to have 5 hours of light per day.

[0076] During the root enlargement period, water is appropriately supplemented, and when the leaves turn yellow, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed.

[0077] Black spot is prevented by using carbendazim, and sweet potatoes are harvested in October, with a yield of 1000 kg per mu, and Zanthoxylum bungeanum fresh peppers of 560 kg per mu, which is 23% higher than pure forests, with an increase of 3100 yuan per mu.

[0078] Example 4

[0079] The method for saving cost and increasing benefit of compound planting in a Zanthoxylum bungeanum garden, as shown in the figure, is Zanthoxylum bungeanum + sweet potato compound planting: Figures 1-10

[0080] In the Zanthoxylum bungeanum garden at an altitude of 1800m in Hongya County, Zanthoxylum bungeanum trees are planted at a plant row spacing of 3m x 4m, and the area 50cm away from the trunk is plowed to a depth of 28cm. When the soil is prepared, 3500kg of mature farmyard manure, 20kg of diammonium phosphate and 10kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu, and a 1.2m wide ridge is formed.

[0081] Minggui annual seedlings are selected, soaked in carbendazim solution for 12 minutes before planting, and planted at a row spacing of 35cm and a plant spacing of 22cm, with 1 seedling per hole and thorough watering to fix the roots.

[0082] When the angelica seedlings are 20cm high, 12kg of urea is applied per mu, and 90kg of high-potassium compound fertilizer is applied in July. ​​

[0083] Use yellow board to kill aphids, and spray Hymexazol at the early stage of root rot.

[0084] Harvest angelica in November, per mu yield of fresh pepper is 540 kg, increase yield by 21% than pure forest, per mu increase income and save 3300 yuan.

[0085] Example 5

[0086] The method for saving cost and increasing benefit of compound planting of pepper garden and grain, as shown in the figure, the specific implementation mode of the embodiment is to rotate and interplant pepper in the front area: Figures 1-10

[0087] In the pepper garden in the front area, the first year, pepper + soybean is planted according to the method of example 2, soybean straw is crushed and returned to the field and supplemented with organic fertilizer; The second year, pepper + potato is planted, and the previous crop is not planted solanaceae, and the soil is shallowly turned over after the potato is harvested; The third year, pepper + sweet potato is planted, and after continuous planting of sweet potato, the fourth year, legume crops are rotated.

[0088] In the three-year cycle, the average yield of pepper per mu is 555 kg, which increases by 22.5% per year than the pure forest, the average annual additional harvested grain crops is 850 kg per mu, the average annual increase of per mu is 3150 yuan, and the soil organic matter content is increased by 12%.

[0089] II. Experimental example (verification of key technical parameters and universality)

[0090] Experimental example 1

[0091] Yield increase and benefit comparison test of different interplanting crop combinations:

[0092] 1. Test conditions

[0093] Test site: Songping Village, Huangmu Town, Han Yuan County (elevation 1650 m, main producing area of red pepper, meets the climate conditions for red pepper planting in DB51 / T2031-2023);

[0094] Test period: 2022-2024 (for 3 consecutive years);

[0095] Basic planting parameters: pepper planting density 2m x 3m, tree age 5 years, tillage depth 15cm (50cm away from the trunk), supporting physical prevention and control (frequency vibration type insecticidal lamp).

[0096] 2. Test design

[0097] 3 interplanting groups and 1 blank group, 3 repetitions per group, plot area 0.5 mu:

[0098] Group 1: pepper + Miramar potato (shade-tolerant early-maturing variety);

[0099] Group 2: pepper + white hair soybean (dwarf nitrogen-fixing variety);​

[0100] Group 3: Zanthoxylum bungeanum + Red Heart Sweet Potato (shallow-rooted and drought-tolerant variety);

[0101] Blank group: pure Zanthoxylum bungeanum forest (regular clean cultivation management).

[0102] Table 1 (test results of experimental example 1)

[0103]

[0104] 3. Conclusion

[0105] The shade-tolerant and short-stalk crop combinations screened by the technology can achieve "pepper and grain double harvest", and the soil nitrogen fixation effect of soybean intercropping is optimal, with an organic matter improvement range of 178%, verifying the technical principle of "nutrient complementation".

[0106] Experimental Example 2

[0107] Effect of different planting densities on the growth and yield of Zanthoxylum bungeanum:

[0108] 1. Test conditions

[0109] Test site: Wushan County Pepper Demonstration Garden (Northwest mountainous area, annual precipitation 500 mm);

[0110] Test period: 2023-2024;

[0111] Interplanting crops: all potatoes (variety: Zhongshu No. 3).

[0112] 2. Test design

[0113] Four planting densities were set (in line with DB51 / T2031-2023 density interval), with three repetitions for each group:

[0114] Density 1: 2m x 3m (1111 plants / hm 2 );

[0115] Density 2: 3m x 3m (1000 plants / hm 2 );

[0116] Density 3: 3m x 4m (833 plants / hm 2 );

[0117] Density 4: 2m x 4m (1250 plants / hm 2 ).

[0118] Table 2 (test results of experimental example 2)

[0119]

[0120] 3. Conclusion

[0121] 3m x 4m planting density takes into account the growth space of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and the yield of intercropped crops, with the highest comprehensive output; although the 2m x 3m density has the highest yield per unit of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, the yield of intercropped crops is low due to light limitation, verifying the rationality of the "space layer utilization" parameters of the present technology.

[0122] Experimental Example 3

[0123] Effect of different tillage depths on Zanthoxylum bungeanum root system and soil fertility:

[0124] 1. Test conditions

[0125] Test site: Kongque Township, Lezhi County (hilly area in Sichuan, Pengxi Qinghuajiao young forest) ;

[0126] Test period: 2021-2023 (for 3 consecutive years) ;

[0127] Basic parameters: Zanthoxylum bungeanum planting density 3m x 4m, intercropped crop soybean.

[0128] 2. Test design

[0129] Four tillage depth gradients were set, with each plot area of 0.3 mu, repeated 3 times:

[0130] Gradient 1: shallow tillage (<10 cm) within 50 cm from the trunk, deep tillage (15 cm) outside 50 cm;

[0131] Gradient 2: shallow tillage (<10 cm) throughout the area;

[0132] Gradient 3: deep tillage (25 cm) throughout the area;

[0133] Control: no tillage (natural grass growth).

[0134] Table 3 (test results of Experimental Example 3)

[0135]

[0136] 3. Conclusion

[0137] The "gradient tillage" scheme of the present technology (shallow tillage near the trunk and moderate deep tillage far from the trunk) can improve soil moisture content and crop yield while protecting the root system, with the diameter growth of young trees increasing by 65.2% compared to the deep tillage group, verifying the technical advantages of fine management.

[0138] Experimental Example 4

[0139] Cross-regional demonstration and promotion verification test:

[0140] 1. Test conditions

[0141] Test area: Sichuan Hanyuan (Honghuajiao), Gansu Pingliang (Northwest Mountain), Sichuan Pengxi (Qinghuajiao);

[0142] Test period: 2022-2024;

[0143] Technical solution: unified use of the patent "planting + interplanting + management" system, and adapt to regional varieties (Hanyuan Honghuajiao / Pengxi Qinghuajiao / Pingliang Dahongpao).

[0144] Table 4 (test results of experimental example 4)

[0145]

[0146] 2、Conclusion

[0147] This technology can adapt to different climate, variety of Zanthoxylum pomeridatum production area, has the benefits of yield increase, income increase, ecological protection, and verifies the wide applicability of the technology.

[0148] III. Comparative example

[0149] Comparative example 1

[0150] This technology vs. traditional single-crop Zanthoxylum pomeridatum garden:

[0151] 1、Comparison conditions

[0152] Test site: Hanyuan Qingxi Town (same plot, same age of Zanthoxylum pomeridatum forest);

[0153] Comparison period: 2023-2024;

[0154] Control group: traditional clean cultivation single cropping (conventional chemical fertilizer and pesticide management);

[0155] Experimental group: this patent "Zanthoxylum pomeridatum + soybean" compound planting.

[0156] Table 5 (comparison results of comparative example 1)

[0157] Indicator Experimental group Control group Lift / Lower amplitude Per mu output of Zanthoxylum bungeanum 178.3 kg 145.6 kg +22.7％ Per mu comprehensive income 4440 yuan 1200 yuan +270％ Fertilizer usage 12 kg / mu 25 kg / mu -52％ Weeding frequency 2 times / year 6 times / year -66.7％ Soil organic matter content 22.8 mg / kg 8.2 mg / kg +178％

[0158] 2、Conclusion

[0159] Compared with the traditional single cropping mode, this technology realizes the four benefits of "increased yield, increased income, reduced investment, and improved soil", and solves the industry pain points of single economic benefit and soil degradation in single cropping mode.

[0160] Comparative example 2

[0161] This technology vs. random interplanting mode:

[0162] 1、Comparison conditions

[0163] Test site: Maoxian Zanthoxylum pomeridatum garden;

[0164] Comparison period: 2023;

[0165] Control group: Zanthoxylum bungeanum + tall corn (no density control, no growth period mismatch);

[0166] Experimental group: Zanthoxylum bungeanum + potato (patent variety screening + space-time configuration).

[0167] Table 6 (comparison results of comparative example 2)

[0168]

[0169] 2、Conclusion

[0170] The "variety screening + space-time coordination" design of the present technology can avoid the "light and fertilizer competition" problem of random interplanting, ensure the yield of pepper and grain, and highlight the systematic innovation of the technology.

[0171] Comparative example 3

[0172] The present technology vs. conventional interplanting (without gradient tillage):

[0173] 1、Comparison conditions

[0174] Test site: Qinghuajiaoyuan in Lezhi County;

[0175] Comparison period: 2022-2023;

[0176] Control group: interplanting soybean + full-area deep tillage (25 cm);

[0177] Experimental group: interplanting soybean + gradient tillage (patent scheme).

[0178] Table 7 (comparison results of comparative example 3)

[0179]

[0180]

[0181] 2、Conclusion

[0182] The "gradient tillage" of the present technology is the key to protecting the root system of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and maintaining long-term productivity, which can significantly improve the growth of tree bodies and the nitrogen fixation benefit of crops compared with conventional deep tillage management, and reflects the fine advantage of the technology.

[0183] The above only describes the preferred embodiments, experimental examples and comparative examples of the present application, and does not limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made by any person skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing integrated crop and grain planting in pepper gardens, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Planting of pepper trees in the garden: Plant pepper trees at a spacing of 2 meters × 3 meters or 3 meters × 4 meters, ensuring that 1 to 2 meters of cultivation space is reserved between the rows of pepper trees and that the upper branches are not closed. (2) Delineation of intercropping area: Delineate the intercropping area in the soil of the garden beyond 50 cm from the trunk of the pepper tree; (3) Land preparation in the intercropping area: Use a micro-tiller to till the soil in the intercropping area, control the tillage depth to be less than 20 cm, and the tillage depth should be shallower the closer to the trunk of the pepper tree. (4) Intercropping: Shade-tolerant and short-stalked grain crops are planted in the intercropping area. The shade-tolerant and short-stalked grain crops are early-maturing and disease-resistant potatoes, short-growing-period shade-tolerant soybeans, or shade-tolerant and short-vine sweet potatoes. (5) Field management: Apply organic fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to the pepper garden, use physical methods to control pests and diseases, and irrigate in a timely manner according to the growth period of pepper and intercropped crops. Through the above steps, the yield of pepper per mu can be increased by more than 20%, and an additional 50 kg of soybeans, 1200 kg of potatoes or 1000 kg of sweet potatoes can be harvested per mu, reducing weeding by 3 to 4 times per year.

2. The method for cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing integrated crop and grain planting in a pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that, The early-maturing, disease-resistant potato has a growth period of 60 to 80 days, the short-growing-period, shade-tolerant soybean has a growth period of 90 to 110 days, and the shade-tolerant, short-vine sweet potato is a purple sweet potato or chestnut sweet potato variety.

3. The method for cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing integrated crop and grain planting in a pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), spring-sown potatoes are sown when the soil temperature is stable at 5 to 8℃, spring-sown soybeans are sown when the soil temperature is stable at 10℃ or above, and sweet potatoes are propagated by cuttings when the soil temperature is stable at 15℃ or above in spring.

4. The method for cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing integrated crop and grain planting in a pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilization operation in step (5) includes: applying 1.5 to 3 kg of balanced compound fertilizer per plant during the budding stage of Sichuan pepper, and applying 2,000 to 3,000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 30 to 40 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer per mu when preparing the land in the intercropping area.

5. The method for cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing integrated crop and grain planting in a pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that, The physical pest control operations in step (5) include: hanging yellow sticky traps in the field to attract and kill aphids, and setting up black light lamps to attract and kill adult moths.

6. The method for cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing integrated crop and grain planting in a pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method is applicable to suitable areas for Sichuan pepper cultivation at altitudes below 2200 meters.

7. The method for cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing integrated crop and grain planting in a pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the intercropped crops are harvested, the soil in the intercropping area is lightly tilled and supplemented with organic fertilizer.

8. The method for cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing integrated crop and grain planting in a pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intercropping area can be replaced with shade-tolerant Angelica varieties. Before planting, Angelica seedlings need to be disinfected by soaking in carbendazim solution for 10 to 15 minutes.

9. A method for cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing integrated crop and grain planting in a pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that, When planting sweet potatoes, it is necessary to prune overly dense and drooping branches of the Sichuan pepper plant to ensure that the sweet potatoes receive 4 to 6 hours of sunlight every day.

10. A method for cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing integrated crop and grain planting in a pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sweet potatoes should not be intercropped on the same plot for more than two consecutive years, and they must be rotated with legumes.

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