Double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control aerial fog cultivation anti-season vegetable planting system and method
By combining the macro-environment and micro-domain temperature control of the dual-cooling micro-domain aeroponic off-season vegetable planting system, the problems of uneven temperature and humidity and high energy consumption in facility agriculture have been solved. This system achieves efficient temperature and humidity control and automated planting, thereby increasing yield and reducing disease incidence.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511720198.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
AI Technical Summary
Traditional facility agriculture's environmental temperature control technology suffers from high energy consumption, uneven temperature and humidity, and the lack of a suitable environmental control system for existing aeroponic cultivation models, making it impossible to effectively solve the problem of temperature and humidity balance in the root growth environment.
The system employs a dual-stage cooling micro-domain temperature-controlled aeroponic system for off-season vegetable cultivation. Combining macro-environmental regulation with micro-domain precision control, it utilizes a high-pressure atomizing nozzle array, water pump, environmental sensors, heat insulation film, small arched greenhouses, refrigeration/heating equipment, and an intelligent control system to achieve precise temperature and humidity control and efficient energy utilization.
Summer cooling energy consumption is reduced by 65%, winter heating energy consumption is reduced by 40%, temperature control accuracy reaches ±0.5℃, disease incidence is reduced by 80%, yield per unit area is increased by 30%-40%, the entire system is automated, and management costs are reduced by 50%.
Smart Images
Figure CN121569737A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural engineering, in particular to a double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control aeroponic anti-seasonal vegetable planting system and method. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the field of facility agriculture anti-seasonal vegetable planting, environmental temperature regulation has always been the core problem restricting production efficiency.
[0003] Traditional greenhouse environmental regulation technology has significant defects: on the one hand, the overall cooling / warming method consumes a huge amount of energy, for example, using a wet curtain and a fan system for cooling in summer requires processing the entire greenhouse space, resulting in energy waste; using a hot air furnace for heating in winter makes it difficult to achieve uniform temperature distribution and the operation cost is high. On the other hand, a single local regulation technology cannot meet the comprehensive environmental needs of crop growth, such as local spray cooling which easily causes high humidity diseases, and pure heating equipment which cannot accurately control the microenvironment parameters.
[0004] In addition, the existing aeroponic planting mode lacks an adapted environmental regulation system, which cannot effectively solve the temperature and humidity balance problem of the root growth environment.
[0005] Therefore, a double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control aeroponic anti-seasonal vegetable planting system and method are proposed. SUMMARY
[0006] Technical problems to be solved In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control aeroponic anti-seasonal vegetable planting system and method, which is suitable for efficient planting of vegetables in the scenarios of summer cooling and winter heating in facility agriculture. By constructing a composite regulation mode of macro-environment pre-regulation and micro-domain precise control, combined with aeroponic technology, the present application realizes precise control of environmental parameters and efficient use of energy in the anti-seasonal vegetable planting process, and solves the problem that the existing aeroponic planting mode lacks an adapted environmental regulation system, which cannot effectively solve the temperature and humidity balance problem of the root growth environment. Technical scheme
[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control aeroponic anti-seasonal vegetable planting system, comprising a double-channel environmental regulation system: A macro-environment regulation subsystem composed of a high-pressure atomizing nozzle array, a water pump and an environmental sensor group. The high-pressure atomizing nozzles are uniformly arranged at a height of 3-4 meters above the top of the greenhouse at an interval of 2-2.5 meters, and the environmental sensor group monitors the temperature, humidity, light and CO2 concentration in real time; Micro-domain precision temperature control subsystem: including heat insulation film small arched shed, refrigeration / heating equipment, heat preservation pipeline and micro-domain sensor group, a galvanized steel pipe arch (diameter 20mm, wall thickness 1.2mm) is built above each seedbed, and a heat insulation film with a thickness of 0.15mm and a light transmittance of more than 75% is covered; in summer, a water chiller is used in cooperation with a plate heat exchanger to supply cold, and in winter, an electric heating or hot water circulation system is switched to supply heat; the main pipeline of the double-layer heat preservation PVC-U pipeline has a diameter of 250mm, the branch pipeline has a diameter of 125mm, and a 60mm air outlet is arranged every 0.8m; the micro-domain sensor group is arranged in the small arched shed and has a monitoring accuracy of ±0.3℃; It also includes an air mist culture planting system: two modes of leaf vegetable flat bed type mist culture and melon and fruit groove type mist culture, the leaf vegetable flat bed type mist culture adopts a small arched shed to control the micro-domain environment, and the melon and fruit cultivation adopts a mode of separating a micro environment by a small arched shed in a large-span net rack greenhouse to carry out air mist culture; It also includes an intelligent control system: a PLC controller receives data of the environment sensor group and the micro-domain sensor group, and controls the micro-spraying subsystem, the temperature control subsystem and the air mist culture planting system in linkage to realize threshold triggering (21℃ starts cooling and 19℃ stops) and seasonal mode automatic switching.
[0008] Another technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a planting method of the double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control air mist culture anti-season vegetable planting system, which comprises the following steps: Step one: the environment sensor group and the micro-domain sensor group are used to acquire the temperature and humidity, light, and CO2 concentration parameters of the greenhouse environment and the seedbed micro-domain in real time; Step two: in summer, the large environment regulation subsystem is preferentially started to preliminarily cool, and when the seedbed micro-domain temperature continuously exceeds 21℃, the micro-domain precision temperature control subsystem is automatically triggered to supplement cooling; in winter, the micro-domain heating mode is switched to maintain the appropriate temperature; Step three: according to the vegetable growth cycle and the environmental parameters, the timer and the humidity sensor are used to control the nutrient solution spraying frequency and time length, so that the root system nutrient precise supply is realized.
[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control air mist culture anti-season vegetable planting system and method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1、The double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control air mist culture anti-season vegetable planting system, compared with the traditional whole-body regulation technology, can reduce the cooling energy consumption by more than 65% in summer, reduce the heating energy consumption by 40% in winter, and increase the unit area yield by 30%-40%; the micro-domain temperature control precision reaches ±0.5℃, and the precise atomization of 30-80 micron mist droplets is used to avoid leaf dew and reduce the disease incidence by 80%.
[0010] 2. The planting method of the double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control aeroponic anti-season vegetable planting system, the double-channel regulation mode can be combined with various planting modes, the aeroponic system supports the planting of various vegetables such as leaf vegetables and melons and fruits, has a wide range of applications, realizes automatic operation of the whole system through a PLC and a sensor network, reduces manual intervention, and reduces management cost by more than 50%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0011] Figure 1 The system constitutes an overall diagram of the arched shed greenhouse leaf cultivation of the application; Figure 2 The related constituent diagram of the small arch micro-domain temperature control of the application; Figure 3 The large environment temperature control constituent diagram of the greenhouse shed of the application; Figure 4 The large greenhouse micro-domain environment control mode diagram suitable for melons and fruits and tomatoes of the application; Figure 5 The large environment diagram of the high-open dome-shaped greenhouse of the application; Figure 6 The micro-domain environment temperature control diagram of the cultivation layer of melon and fruit crops of the application; Figure 7 The micro-domain environment temperature control related equipment diagram of the application.
[0012] In the figure: high-pressure atomizing nozzle array 1, high-pressure water pump 2, environment sensor group 3, small arch shed 4, refrigeration and heating equipment 5, heat preservation pipeline 6, micro-domain sensor group 7, three-dimensional planting frame 8, planting groove 81, nutrient solution spraying device 9, nutrient solution storage tank 91. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the application.
[0014] Please refer to Figures 1-7 ; EMBODIMENT
[0015] A double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control aeroponic anti-season vegetable planting system, comprising a double-channel environment regulation system, including a high-altitude fine mist micro-spraying subsystem for adjusting the large environment of a greenhouse and a temperature control subsystem for regulating the micro-domain environment of a seedbed; The aeroponic planting system comprises a three-dimensional planting frame 8 and a nutrient solution spraying device 9. The intelligent control system is used for receiving environment sensor group 3 and micro-domain sensor group 7 data, and linkage control of the micro-spraying subsystem, the temperature control subsystem and the air-hydroponic planting system is cooperated to run, the high-altitude fine mist micro-spraying subsystem comprises a high-pressure atomizing nozzle array 1, and the high-pressure atomizing nozzle array 1 is arranged on the greenhouse top at a height of more than 3 meters with an interval of 2 meters; In the temperature control subsystem, a small arched shed 4 formed by a hot-dip galvanized steel pipe arch and a 0.15mm thick aluminized EVA heat insulation film is arranged above each seedbed; And a refrigeration and heating device 5 is arranged, which adopts a 12kW screw type cold water unit to cooperate with a plate heat exchanger to supply cold in summer, and is switched to electric heating or hot water circulation system to supply heat in winter; And a heat preservation pipeline 6 is arranged, which adopts a double-layer heat preservation PVC-U pipeline, the main pipeline has a diameter of 250mm, the branch pipeline has a diameter of 125mm, and a 60mm air outlet is arranged every 0.8m; In the air-hydroponic planting system, the three-dimensional planting frame 8 is arranged in two layers, each layer is provided with a planting groove 81, each layer of the planting groove 81 has a width of 0.8m, and a planting plate and an atomizing nozzle with a working pressure of 0.3MPa are arranged in the planting groove 81; The nutrient solution spraying device 9 comprises a nutrient solution storage tank 91 and a high-pressure water pump 2, the nutrient solution storage tank 91 is connected with the nozzle through the high-pressure water pump 2, the spraying is linkage controlled by a timer and a humidity sensor, and the intelligent control system realizes threshold trigger control through a PLC controller, when the micro-domain temperature of the seedbed is higher than 21℃, the refrigeration is started, when the micro-domain temperature of the seedbed is lower than 19℃, the refrigeration is stopped, and the seasonal mode automatic switching function is provided; A planting method of the double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control air-hydroponic counter-season vegetable planting system, comprising the following steps: Step one: the temperature and humidity, light, CO2 concentration parameters of the greenhouse environment and the micro-domain of the seedbed are obtained in real time through the environment sensor group 3 and the micro-domain sensor group 7; Step two: the large environment control subsystem is preferentially started to preliminarily cool in summer, when the micro-domain temperature of the seedbed is continuously higher than 21℃, the micro-domain precise temperature control subsystem is automatically triggered to supplement the cooling; in winter, the micro-domain heating mode is switched to, and the suitable temperature is maintained; Step three: according to the vegetable growth cycle and the environmental parameters, the nutrient solution spraying frequency and time length are controlled through the timer and the humidity sensor, and the precise root nutrient supply is realized. Embodiment
[0016] A double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control air-hydroponic counter-season vegetable planting system, comprising a double-channel environment control system, which comprises a high-altitude fine mist micro-spraying subsystem for adjusting the greenhouse environment and a temperature control subsystem for adjusting the micro-domain environment of the seedbed; The air-hydroponic planting system comprises a three-dimensional planting frame 8 and a nutrient solution spraying device 9; The intelligent control system is used for receiving environment sensor group 3 and micro-domain sensor group 7 data, and linkage control of the micro-spraying subsystem, the temperature control subsystem and the air-hydroponic planting system is cooperated to run, the high-altitude fine mist micro-spraying subsystem comprises a high-pressure atomizing nozzle array 1, and the high-pressure atomizing nozzle array 1 is arranged at a height of more than 4 meters above the greenhouse top at an interval of 2.5 meters; In the temperature control subsystem, a small arched shed 4 is arranged above each seedbed, which is composed of a hot-dip galvanized steel pipe arch and a 0.15mm thick aluminized EVA heat insulation film; And a refrigeration and heating device 5 is arranged, which adopts a 18kW screw water chiller unit to cooperate with a plate heat exchanger to supply cold in summer, and is switched to electric heating or hot water circulation system to supply heat in winter; And a heat preservation pipeline 6 is arranged, which adopts a double-layer heat preservation PVC-U pipeline, the main pipeline has a diameter of 250mm, the branch pipeline has a diameter of 125mm, and a 60mm air outlet is arranged every 0.8 meters; In the air-hydroponic planting system, the three-dimensional planting frame 8 is arranged in three layers, each layer is provided with a planting groove 81, each layer of the planting groove 81 has a width of 0.8 meters, and a planting plate and an atomizing nozzle with a working pressure of 0.5MPa are arranged in the planting groove 81; The nutrient solution spraying device 9 comprises a nutrient solution storage tank 91 and a high-pressure water pump 2, the nutrient solution storage tank 91 is connected with the nozzle through the high-pressure water pump 2, the spraying is linkage controlled by a timer and a humidity sensor, and the intelligent control system realizes threshold trigger control through a PLC controller, when the micro-domain temperature of the seedbed is higher than 21℃, the refrigeration is started, when the micro-domain temperature of the seedbed is lower than 19℃, the refrigeration is stopped, and the seasonal mode automatic switching function is provided; A planting method of the double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control air-hydroponic counter-season vegetable planting system, comprising the following steps: Step one: the temperature and humidity, light, CO2 concentration parameters of the greenhouse environment and the micro-domain of the seedbed are obtained in real time through the environment sensor group 3 and the micro-domain sensor group 7; Step two: the large environment control subsystem is preferentially started to preliminarily cool in summer, when the micro-domain temperature of the seedbed is continuously higher than 21℃, the micro-domain precise temperature control subsystem is automatically triggered to supplement the cooling; in winter, the micro-domain heating mode is switched to, and the suitable temperature is maintained; Step three: according to the vegetable growth cycle and the environmental parameters, the nutrient solution spraying frequency and time length are controlled through the timer and the humidity sensor, and the precise supply of root nutrients is realized. Embodiment
[0017] A double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control air-hydroponic counter-season vegetable planting system, comprising a double-channel environment control system, which comprises a high-altitude fine mist micro-spraying subsystem for adjusting the greenhouse environment and a temperature control subsystem for adjusting the micro-domain environment of the seedbed; The air-hydroponic planting system comprises a three-dimensional planting frame 8 and a nutrient solution spraying device 9; Intelligent control system for receiving environmental sensor group 3 and micro-domain sensor group 7 data, and for linkage control of the micro-spraying subsystem, temperature control subsystem and aeroponic planting system to operate in coordination, the high-altitude fine mist micro-spraying subsystem comprising a high-pressure atomizing nozzle array 1 arranged at an interval of 2 meters above the top of the greenhouse at a height of 4 meters; In the temperature control subsystem, a small arched shed 4 is provided above each seedbed, which is composed of a hot-dip galvanized steel pipe arch and a 0.15mm thick aluminized EVA heat insulation film; And a refrigeration and heating device 5: in summer, a 12kW screw type water chiller unit is used in cooperation with a plate heat exchanger to provide cooling, and in winter, electric heating or a hot water circulation system is switched to provide heating; And an insulation pipeline 6: a double-layer insulation PVC-U pipeline is used, with a main pipeline diameter of 250mm and branch pipeline diameter of 125mm, and a 60mm air outlet is provided every 0.8 meters; In the aeroponic planting system, the three-dimensional planting frame 8 is arranged in three layers, each layer being provided with a planting groove 81, each layer of planting groove 81 being 0.8 meters wide, and being provided with an inbuilt planting plate and an atomizing nozzle with a working pressure of 0.3MPa; The nutrient solution spraying device 9 comprises a nutrient solution storage tank 91 and a high-pressure water pump 2, the nutrient solution storage tank 91 being connected with the nozzle through the high-pressure water pump 2, the spraying being linkage controlled by a timer and a humidity sensor, and the intelligent control system realizing threshold trigger control through a PLC controller, starting cooling when the micro-domain temperature of the seedbed is higher than 21℃, stopping when it is lower than 19℃, and having a seasonal mode automatic switching function; A planting method of a double-channel cooling micro-domain temperature control aeroponic counter-season vegetable planting system, comprising the following steps: Step one: real-time acquisition of the temperature and humidity, light, and CO2 concentration parameters of the greenhouse environment and the micro-domain of the seedbed through the environmental sensor group 3 and the micro-domain sensor group 7; Step two: in summer, the large environment control subsystem is preferentially started to preliminarily cool, and when the micro-domain temperature of the seedbed continuously exceeds 21℃, the micro-domain precise temperature control subsystem is automatically triggered to supplement cooling; in winter, the micro-domain heating mode is switched to maintain a suitable temperature; Step three: according to the growth cycle of the vegetables and the environmental parameters, the frequency and duration of the nutrient solution spraying are controlled by a timer and a humidity sensor to realize precise supply of root nutrients.
[0018] System construction 1. Site and foundation: level a 667 square meter planting area, and arrange 17 seedbeds of 30 meters long and 1 meter wide in an east-west direction with a spacing of 0.8 meters. Build a hot-dip galvanized steel frame greenhouse, reserve micro-spraying installation positions at the top, pre-embed water supply, liquid supply and cable lines at both sides, and simultaneously pre-embed water supply, liquid supply and cable lines.
[0019] 2. Equipment installation Aeroponic system: flat bed small arch mist culture for leafy vegetables, and groove mist culture and large space inside the greenhouse for melons and fruits. Dual-channel regulation system: a 0.4-0.6 m high galvanized steel pipe arch is built above the seedbed, and an aluminized EVA heat insulation film is covered. A water chiller unit (in summer) or an electric heating device (in winter) is installed on both sides of the greenhouse, and a main air pipe and branch pipes are laid. The branch pipes are provided with air outlets every 0.8 m. High-pressure atomizing nozzles with a pressure of 4-6 MPa are installed on the top at an interval of 2*2.5 m, and are connected with a variable frequency water pump and a three-stage filtration system.
[0020] Intelligent control: sensors are installed at the four corners of the greenhouse and the end of the seedbed, a PLC control cabinet is uniformly wired, a touch screen man-machine interface is debugged, and threshold values of 21℃ for starting cooling and 19℃ for stopping are set.
[0021] System operation 1. Summer mode: the micro-spraying system is started to pre-cool when the temperature in the greenhouse is higher than 30℃; the cold water chiller unit, fan and electromagnetic valve are started to deliver cold air when the temperature in the micro-zone of the seedbed is higher than 21℃, and the temperature is reduced to 19℃ to stop.
[0022] 2. Winter mode: the electric heating or hot water circulation is started when the temperature in the greenhouse is lower than 10℃, the temperature in the micro-zone of the seedbed is maintained at 20-25℃, and the micro-spraying is started to adjust the humidity as needed.
[0023] 3. Aeroponic control: the spraying frequency is set according to the growth stage of vegetables (such as 30 minutes / time and 30 seconds / time in the seedling stage), and the liquid supply is controlled by the humidity sensor.
[0024] Maintenance and management 1. Regular maintenance: the micro-spraying filter is cleaned every week, the nozzles are checked every month, the nutrient solution is replaced at the end of the season, the equipment performance is checked annually, the sensors are calibrated and the dust in the air pipe is cleaned every year.
[0025] 2. Optimization and upgrading: the environmental and energy consumption data are analyzed to adjust the temperature control threshold; the planting feedback is collected to improve the equipment parameters and control logic.
[0026] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: compared with the traditional whole-body regulation technology, the dual-channel cooling micro-zone temperature control aeroponic counter-season vegetable planting system can reduce the energy consumption by more than 65% in summer and reduce the energy consumption by 40% in winter, and increase the yield per unit area by 30-40%; the micro-zone temperature control precision is ±0.5℃, and the precise atomization of 30-80 micron droplets can avoid leaf dew and reduce the disease incidence by 80%; the dual-channel regulation mode can be combined with various planting modes, the aeroponic system supports the planting of various vegetables such as leafy vegetables and melons and fruits, and has a wide range of applications. The whole system is automatically operated through the PLC and sensor network, the manual intervention is reduced, and the management cost is reduced by more than 50%.
[0027] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. The scope of the application is not to be limited by the embodiments shown and described, but only by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A dual-channel cooling micro-domain temperature-controlled aeroponic system for off-season vegetable cultivation, characterized in that, It includes a dual-channel environmental control system, comprising a high-altitude fine mist spraying subsystem for regulating the overall greenhouse environment and a temperature control subsystem for regulating the micro-environment of the seedbed. The aeroponic planting system includes a three-dimensional planting rack (8) and a nutrient solution spraying device (9). The intelligent control system is used to receive data from the environmental sensor group (3) and the micro-domain sensor group (7) and to coordinate the operation of the micro-spraying subsystem, the temperature control subsystem and the aeroponic planting system.
2. The dual-channel cooling micro-domain temperature-controlled aeroponic off-season vegetable planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-altitude fine mist micro-spraying subsystem includes a high-pressure atomizing nozzle array (1), which is arranged at a height of 3-4 meters or more at a spacing of 2-2.5 meters on the top of the greenhouse.
3. The dual-channel cooling micro-domain temperature-controlled aeroponic off-season vegetable planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the temperature control subsystem, each seedbed is equipped with a small arched shed (4) consisting of a hot-dip galvanized steel pipe arch frame and a 0.15mm thick aluminum-coated EVA heat insulation film. And refrigeration and heating equipment (5): In summer, it uses 12-18kW screw chiller units with plate heat exchangers for cooling, and in winter it switches to electric heating or hot water circulation system for heating. And insulated pipes (6), which adopt double-layer insulated PVC-U pipes with a main pipe diameter of 250mm and a branch pipe diameter of 125mm, with a 60mm air outlet every 0.8 meters.
4. The dual-channel cooling micro-domain temperature-controlled aeroponic off-season vegetable planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aeroponic planting system, the three-dimensional planting rack (8) is set in 2-3 layers, each layer is set with a planting trough (81), each planting trough (81) is 0.8 meters wide, and has a planting plate and an atomizing nozzle with a working pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa.
5. The dual-channel cooling micro-domain temperature-controlled aeroponic off-season vegetable planting system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The nutrient solution spraying device (9) includes a nutrient solution storage tank (91) and a high-pressure water pump (2). The nutrient solution storage tank (91) is connected to the nozzle through the high-pressure water pump (2), and the spraying is controlled by a timer and a humidity sensor.
6. The dual-channel cooling micro-domain temperature-controlled aeroponic off-season vegetable planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control system uses a PLC controller to implement threshold trigger control. When the temperature of the seedbed micro-area is higher than 21℃, cooling is initiated, and when it is lower than 19℃, cooling is stopped. It also has an automatic seasonal mode switching function.
7. The planting method of a dual-channel cooling micro-domain temperature-controlled aeroponic off-season vegetable planting system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Real-time acquisition of temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration parameters of the greenhouse environment and seedbed micro-area through the environmental sensor group (3) and the micro-area sensor group (7); Step 2: In summer, the environmental control subsystem is activated first to cool down the seedbed. When the temperature in the seedbed micro-zone remains above 21℃, the micro-zone precise temperature control subsystem is automatically triggered to supplement cooling. In winter, the micro-zone heating mode is switched to maintain a suitable temperature. Step 3: Based on the vegetable growth cycle and environmental parameters, the frequency and duration of nutrient solution spraying are controlled by a timer and humidity sensor to achieve precise nutrient supply to the roots.