High-protein silage as well as preparation method and use method thereof
By preparing high-protein silage, the problem of the scarcity of high-protein forage in Southwest China has been solved, realizing the transformation and upgrading of the backyard grass planting and cattle raising model, and improving economic benefits and breeding efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610063342.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
AI Technical Summary
The scarcity of high-protein forage in Southwest China has limited the development of the beef and mutton industry. Furthermore, the traditional backyard grass-growing cattle-raising model suffers from problems such as a single type of forage, incomplete nutrition, and low economic benefits.
A high-protein silage feed was prepared by mixing basic raw materials such as sweet potato vines, oat grass, and barley with high-protein forage such as kudzu vines, leeches, and soybeans, as well as brewing by-products such as corn distillers' grains. After kneading, water control, compaction, and sealed fermentation, a high-protein silage feed was formed, which solved the problem of forage scarcity.
It effectively solved the problem of the shortage of high-protein forage in livestock production, reduced production costs, improved the economic benefits of livestock farming, and promoted the transformation of the backyard grass planting and cattle raising model to precision agriculture.
Smart Images
Figure CN121569895A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of silage technology, specifically to a high-protein silage and its preparation and application methods. Background Technology
[0002] Southwest China, with its favorable rainfall and heat conditions and abundant forage resources, has been designated by the state as a beef and mutton production base. However, the region also faces challenges in large-scale cultivation and utilization due to limitations in the development of high-protein plant varieties and geographical constraints. The scarcity of high-protein forage has become a primary factor severely restricting the development of the beef and mutton industry. In contrast, southern China possesses diverse and abundant resources of leguminous forage and woody plants awaiting development. These include tender green stems and leaves of crops such as soybeans, green beans, and broad beans; wild leguminous herbs such as kudzu and leeches; high-protein woody plants such as paper mulberry leaves, silver acacia, and mulberry leaves; and brewing byproducts such as corn lees.
[0003] The terrain in Southwest China is mainly mountainous, and it is also restricted by the large population and limited land, as well as the ecological red line for natural forests and the protection of basic farmland. Therefore, the main force for the development of the beef cattle industry in Funing and even the greater Southwest region should be moderately scaled family farming in rural areas (i.e., cattle raising groups that grow grass in their backyards). It is unrealistic and unworkable to regard the development of large-scale farming as the main force for revitalizing the beef cattle industry.
[0004] This invention aims to address the problems encountered in the widespread planting and utilization of perennial high-yield forage grasses in Southwest China, which, in developing backyard cattle farming models, suffer from monotonous forage, incomplete or insufficient nutrition, leading to stunted livestock growth and low economic benefits. It utilizes local high-quality forage grasses, especially high-protein forage resources, and innovates and promotes methods for their development, processing, storage, and use to supplement the nutritional deficiencies of perennial high-yield forage grasses, thereby promoting the growth and expansion of backyard cattle farming. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to propose a high-protein silage feed suitable for the backyard grass-planting cattle raising model, as well as its preparation and application methods. This greatly promotes the development and utilization of plant protein, effectively solving the problem of the scarcity of high-quality forage, especially high-protein forage, in livestock production. It also reduces production costs and improves the economic benefits of livestock farming, strongly promoting the development and formation of new livestock herds in rural backyard grass-planting cattle raising, and driving the development of the backyard grass-planting cattle raising model in Funing County from extensive to intensive agriculture.
[0006] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: This invention provides a high-protein silage, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of basic raw materials, 20-30 parts of high-protein forage, high-protein woody plants or brewing by-products, and 10 parts of cornmeal.
[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the basic raw materials are selected from at least one of sweet potato vines, oat grass, barley and cornmeal.
[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the high-protein forage is selected from the tender green stems and leaves of at least one of kudzu, leech, soybean, and green bean.
[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the high-protein woody plant is selected from the tender green stems and leaves of at least one of the following: paper mulberry, silver acacia, Himalayan kudzu, and mulberry.
[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the brewing byproduct is corn distillers' grains.
[0011] This invention further protects a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-protein silage, comprising: mixing brewing by-products, high-protein forage or high-protein woody plants into basic raw materials, kneading, draining water, mixing evenly, then packing into a movable container, compacting and sealing, and finally fermenting into high-protein silage that can be stored for a long time and has a high plant protein content.
[0012] As a further improvement to the present invention, the specific steps include: (1) Pretreatment: Select a sunny time with good sunlight, harvest the basic raw materials with suitable greenness of plant stems and leaves, high-protein forage, and high-protein woody plants, and let the whole plant air dry naturally for more than half a day, then shred and cut into short lengths of less than 3 cm. (2) Mixing and draining water: After kneading and cutting, mix the high-protein forage, high-protein woody plants, brewing by-products with the basic raw materials and corn flour in proportion, and drain water; (3) Filling and compacting: Shovel the raw materials into the container and tamp them down at the same time. Add and press as you go. After the container is full, the middle should be raised above the mouth of the bucket or cylinder to ensure that the air does not leak out after it sinks. (4) Sealing: After the raw material is filled and compacted, cover it with two layers of plastic film, seal it tightly with plastic straps (double rings), and place sandbags on the plastic film to press it down; (5) Management: After sealing, observe once every 2-3 days. If the sealing film is found to be loose due to the sinking of the feed, remove the sandbag, tighten the film, and ensure a tight seal until the raw material stops sinking. (6) Adding materials: 10 days after the first sealing, if the raw materials sink above the container opening, prepare the raw materials in advance, open the film immediately to quickly add and compact the raw materials above the container opening, and then seal it tightly a second time.
[0013] (7) Taking out the feed: After 30-35 days of fermentation, high-protein silage is produced. The feed can be taken out by opening the package. After each takeout, the package should be sealed immediately to minimize contact with air and prevent spoilage.
[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the plastic container used must be a round barrel or cylinder with a volume of 0.2-0.4 m³ to facilitate handling and sealing.
[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the standard for water control is that when you grab a handful of the mixed raw materials and twist them vigorously, no water droplets should overflow.
[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the sealing must be done using a plastic strap with good plasticity to form a closed loop (double loop) and tightly tie the sealing film to the mouth of the plastic bucket (or cylinder).
[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the feeding ratio of 20% high-protein silage and 80% perennial high-yield forage fresh grass or silage basically meets the production needs of general cattle herds.
[0018] This invention further protects a method for using the above-mentioned high-protein silage, wherein the feeding ratio does not exceed 20%, the feeding trough for silage is required to be clean, and any leftover silage from cattle and sheep is immediately removed from the feeding trough.
[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, feeding is stopped or the amount of feed is reduced for 30 days before and after parturition.
[0020] This invention has the following beneficial effects: It utilizes the flexible human and resource conditions of the courtyard grass-planting cattle raising model to develop and utilize abundant and diverse plant protein resources. This not only effectively solves the problem of the scarcity of high-quality forage, especially high-protein forage, in livestock production, but also reduces production costs and improves the economic benefits of livestock farming. It strongly promotes the development and formation of new livestock herds in rural courtyard grass-planting cattle raising, and drives the development of the courtyard grass-planting cattle raising model in Funing County from extensive to intensive agriculture. Attached Figure Description
[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0022] Figure 1 A photograph of the high-protein silage prepared in Example 1; Figure 2 A photograph of the high-protein silage from Example 2; Figure 3 A photograph of the high-protein silage prepared in Example 3; Figure 4 Photos of the fermentation process in barrels. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1
[0024] This embodiment provides a method for preparing high-protein silage: Ingredients (by weight): 70 parts sweet potato vines, 20 parts tender green soybean stems and leaves, and 10 parts cornmeal.
[0025] 1. Weather: To process high-quality (high-protein) silage, it is necessary to choose sunny weather conditions with good sunlight and no rain, so as to control the moisture (natural dehydration) of the tender green raw materials.
[0026] 2. Harvesting. Harvest the tender green stems and leaves of soybeans and sweet potatoes separately. The greenness of the plant stems and leaves is appropriate, meaning that the plant's biomass and nutritional elements have reached the optimal balance.
[0027] 3. Dehydration and chopping. After harvesting, the tender green stems and leaves of soybeans and sweet potato vines need to be naturally sun-dried for at least half a day to reduce moisture content. The raw materials should be shredded and chopped to a length of no more than 3 cm.
[0028] 4. Mixing and draining the dough. After kneading and cutting, mix the tender green stems and leaves of soybeans with sweet potato vines and cornmeal in the correct proportions, and drain the water thoroughly. The standard for draining water is: grab a handful of the mixed ingredients and rub them vigorously; no water droplets should overflow.
[0029] 5. Filling and compacting. Filling requires two people working together: one person outside the bucket or vat to shovel the raw materials into the bucket or vat; the other person inside the bucket or vat to compact the raw materials, adding and pressing as much as possible. After the raw materials are full, the center should bulge above the opening of the bucket or vat to prevent air from seeping in after settling.
[0030] 6. Sealing. After the raw material is filled and compacted, cover it with two layers of plastic film and seal it tightly with plastic straps (double rings). Stretch the edges of the plastic film to make the film at the mouth of the bucket (or cylinder) taut. Place sandbags or other heavy objects in the middle of the sealing plastic film to compact it.
[0031] 7. Maintenance. After sealing, observe every 2-3 days. If the sealing film becomes loose due to the feed settling, tighten the plastic straps and pull the plastic film tighter until the raw material stops settling.
[0032] 8. Adding materials. Ten days after the first sealing, if the raw materials sink above the opening of the barrel (or vat), prepare the raw materials in advance, immediately open the film to quickly add and compact the raw materials above the opening of the barrel (or vat), and complete the second sealing according to the procedure, and place heavy objects on it.
[0033] 9. Feed Collection. Feed can generally be used after 30-35 days of fermentation. Figure 1 A photo of the high-protein silage produced. Figure 4 This is a photo of the fermentation tank. When opening and taking out the material, it should be done continuously, using it as needed. Seal the tank immediately after each use to minimize contact with air and prevent spoilage.
[0034] 10. Feeding Methods. Start with small amounts and gradually acclimate the animal to the silage. Some livestock and poultry are initially reluctant to eat silage, requiring short-term training to get them used to it. High-quality (high-protein) silage contains a large amount of legume forage components; the feeding ratio should not exceed 20% to prevent rumen bloat in cattle. The feeding troughs for silage should be clean, and any uneaten silage should be removed from the troughs immediately. If diarrhea is observed in livestock during feeding, reduce or stop feeding until the condition improves. Because silage contains a large amount of organic acids, it has a mild laxative effect; therefore, pregnant women should not be fed too much silage during late pregnancy, and feeding should be stopped or reduced 30 days before and after farrowing. Inferior silage is harmful to animal health and can easily cause abortion; it should not be fed to animals. Example 2
[0035] This embodiment provides a method for preparing high-protein silage. Figure 2 A photograph of the high-protein silage produced. The difference from Example 1 lies in the different raw material composition.
[0036] Ingredients (parts by weight): 60 parts oat grass, 30 parts tender green stems and leaves of silver acacia, 10 parts cornmeal. Example 3
[0037] This embodiment provides a method for preparing high-protein silage. Figure 3 A photograph of the high-protein silage produced. The difference from Example 1 lies in the different raw material composition.
[0038] Ingredients (by weight): 70 parts sweet potato vines, 20 parts tender green stems and leaves of Leucaena leucocephala, and 10 parts cornmeal.
[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-protein silage, characterized in that, The ingredients include the following parts by weight: 60-70 parts basic raw materials, 20-30 parts high-protein forage, high-protein woody plants or brewing by-products, and 10 parts cornmeal.
2. The high-protein silage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic raw material is selected from at least one of sweet potato vines, forage oat grass, and forage barley grass.
3. The high-protein silage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-protein forage is selected from the tender green stems and leaves of at least one of kudzu, leeches, soybeans, and green beans.
4. The high-protein silage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-protein woody plant is selected from the tender green stems and leaves of at least one of the following: paper mulberry, silver acacia, Himalayan kudzu, and mulberry.
5. The high-protein silage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brewing byproduct is corn distillers' grains.
6. A method for preparing high-protein silage as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Brewing byproducts, high-protein forage, or high-protein woody plants are mixed into the basic raw materials. After kneading, cutting, and draining, cornmeal is mixed in. Then, the mixture is packed into a movable container, compacted, and sealed. Finally, it is fermented into high-protein silage with a high plant protein content that can be stored for a long time.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: (1) Pretreatment: Select a sunny time with good sunlight, harvest the basic raw materials with suitable greenness of plant stems and leaves, high-protein forage, and high-protein woody plants, and let the whole plant air dry naturally for more than half a day, then shred and cut into short lengths of less than 3 cm. (2) Mixing and draining water: After kneading and cutting, mix high-protein forage, high-protein woody plants or brewing by-products with the basic raw materials and corn flour in proportion, and drain water; (3) Filling and compacting: Shovel the raw materials into the container and tamp them down at the same time, adding and pressing them down simultaneously. After the container is full, the middle should be raised above the mouth of the bucket or vat to ensure that air does not escape after it sinks. (4) Sealing: After the raw materials are filled and compacted, cover with two layers of silage plastic film and seal tightly with plastic straps (double rings). Place sandbags or other heavy objects on the plastic film to compact it; (5) Maintenance: After sealing, observe once every 2-3 days. If the sealing film is found to be loose due to the sinking of the raw material, remove the sandbag, tighten the film, and ensure a tight seal until the sinking of the raw material stops. (6) Adding materials: 10 days after the first sealing, if the raw materials sink above the container opening, prepare the raw materials in advance, open the film immediately to quickly add and compact the raw materials above the container opening, and then seal it tightly a second time; (7) Feeding: After 30-35 days of fermentation, high-protein silage is obtained and can be opened and taken out. After each feeding, seal the container immediately to minimize contact with air and prevent spoilage.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The standard for controlling water content is to grab a handful of the mixed ingredients and rub them vigorously; no water droplets should overflow.
9. A method of using the high-protein silage as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The feeding ratio should not exceed 20%, the silage troughs should be clean, and any leftover silage should be removed from the troughs immediately.
10. The method of use according to claim 9, characterized in that, Stop feeding or reduce the amount of feed for female animals 30 days before and after giving birth.