Movable laser cladding powder recovery device and recovery method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a movable laser cladding powder recovery device and a recovery method thereof. The device comprises a workbench, a powder recycling structure, a cleaning device, a rotating mechanism and a moving mechanism. The workbench is provided with a powder leakage hole and a side opening. The cleaning device is connected with the rotating mechanism through the side opening, and a rotating motor drives a cleaning brush to rotate for cleaning; the powder recycling structure comprises an air blower and a suction fan, and online separation of powder and cladding splash is achieved through airflow; the moving mechanism enables the device to move along with the laser processing head. The method comprises the steps of moving in place, automatic cleaning, pneumatic separation, classified collection, synchronous following and the like. The device is particularly suitable for mobile laser cladding repair of long-axis parts, solves the problems of poor powder recovery continuity, difficulty in impurity separation and low automation degree, and has the advantages of high recovery efficiency, high powder purity, environment friendliness, high adaptability and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser cladding forming equipment, and particularly relates to a movable laser cladding powder recycling device and a powder separation and recycling method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Laser cladding technology is an advanced manufacturing technology based on rapid prototyping, and is widely used in the repair and additive manufacturing of metal parts. In the forming process, the un-melted metal powder will be left on the surface of the working area. If it is not recycled in time, not only the valuable metal materials will be wasted, but also the working environment will be polluted by dust, which will harm the health of the operators and affect the service life of the equipment.

[0003] In the prior art, powder recycling mainly depends on manual or fixed collection devices, and the powder is swept into the recycling hole by manual cleaning. This kind of scheme has the problems of high cleaning labor intensity, easy dusting of powder, low recycling efficiency, and difficulty in adapting to mobile processing scenes. In addition, the existing devices generally lack effective dynamic separation mechanism for powder and cladding splashes, scale and other impurities, resulting in low purity of recycled powder and difficulty in direct reuse.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a device and method that can adapt to mobile processing, have high automation, have online impurity separation function, and can realize efficient and clean powder recycling. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a movable laser cladding powder recycling device and a recycling method thereof, so as to solve the problems of low automation, inability to adapt to mobile processing, poor impurity separation effect and low purity of recycled powder in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a movable laser cladding powder recycling device, comprising a workbench, a powder recycling structure, a cleaning device, a rotating mechanism and a moving mechanism; The workbench is provided with a powder leakage hole and a side opening; The powder recycling structure is located below the workbench, and is used for collecting the powder mixture passing through the powder leakage hole and performing pneumatic separation and collection; The cleaning device is connected with the rotating mechanism through the side opening, and comprises a cleaning brush for cleaning the surface of the workbench; The rotating mechanism is used for driving the cleaning brush to rotate; The moving mechanism comprises moving wheels and a controller, and is used for realizing the movement and positioning control of the whole device.

[0007] Further, the workbench edge is provided with a telescopic guard plate driven by a telescopic motor, which can be adjusted in height according to the size of the workpiece to be repaired to prevent powder overflow and adapt to different scenarios.

[0008] Further, the area of the cleaning brush is less than 1 / 3 of the surface area of the workbench to reduce the adhesion of powder on the bristles and improve the powder recovery rate.

[0009] Further, the powder recovery structure includes a funnel collector, a blower, a suction fan, a waste box and a powder recovery box; the blower is arranged below the side of the funnel collector to apply a horizontal or inclined airflow to the falling powder mixture, so that the light powder and heavy splashes are motionally separated in the airflow field; the suction fan is arranged beside the funnel collector to suck and transport the light powder lifted by the airflow into the powder recovery box.

[0010] Further, the moving mechanism has a universal wheel with a brake device.

[0011] Further, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating motor and a transmission gear set, which includes a high-speed input gear and a low-speed output gear, for converting the high-speed rotation of the rotating motor into the low-speed rotation required by the cleaning brush.

[0012] In a second aspect, the application provides a laser cladding powder recovery method based on the above device, characterized by comprising the following steps: Move the device under the laser cladding processing area and adjust the height of the telescopic guard plate according to the shape of the workpiece; Start the device, the rotating mechanism drives the cleaning brush to rotate and clean the surface of the workbench, and the remaining powder is guided into the powder recovery structure below through the powder leakage hole; After the powder mixture enters the funnel collector, start the blower to blow the falling mixture with the airflow generated thereby, so that the light metal powder and heavy cladding splashes are dynamically separated; Synchronously start the suction fan to suck and transport the pure metal powder suspended or dispersed after airflow separation into the powder recovery box for storage, while the heavy impurities fall into the waste box; When the laser cladding equipment moves along the workpiece for continuous processing, the device is synchronized to follow the movement by controlling the moving wheel or manually operating, so as to realize continuous and online recovery of the powder.

[0013] Beneficial effects: the device and method provided by the application, by integrating the moving mechanism (moving wheels, controller), enables the recycling device to move synchronously with the laser processing head, solves the problem of difficult continuous recycling of powder in the moving repair process of long shaft type large parts, and expands the application range of the device; innovatively, a blower and a suction fan are arranged in the powder recycling structure to work cooperatively, the on-line and efficient separation of powder and impurities such as splashes in the falling process is realized by using the pneumatic separation principle, the purity of the recycled powder is significantly improved, and the recycled powder has the potential to be directly reused; the rotating mechanism automatically drives the cleaning brush, replacing the inefficient manual cleaning, and combined with the adjustable telescopic guard plate, the whole process automation and semi-closedness from overflow prevention and cleaning to separation and collection are realized, the labor intensity is greatly reduced, the working environment is improved, and the overall recycling efficiency and safety are improved. The method realizes the organic combination of moving positioning, automatic cleaning and on-line pneumatic separation through the step-by-step process control, and ensures the continuity of the recycling process and the high purity of the powder in the dynamic processing environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Fig. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device of the application;

[0015] Fig. 2 It is a sectional view of the device of the application;

[0016] Fig. 3 It is a partial enlarged view of the transmission structure of the application.

[0017] In the figure: 1, workbench; 2, powder leakage hole; 3, side opening; 4, telescopic guard plate; 5, telescopic motor; 6, cleaning brush; 7, transmission gear set; 8, drive motor; 9, blower; 10, suction fan; 11, hopper collector; 12, waste box; 13, powder recycling box; 14, moving wheel; 15, controller; 71, high-speed input gear; 72, low-speed output gear; 73, axial positioning connecting ring; 16, rotating motor; 17, trapezoidal groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments of the technical scheme of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The following examples are only used to illustrate the application, and are not limiting to the application. It should be understood that any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and spirit of the application should be covered within the protection scope of the application.

[0019] The application provides a movable laser cladding powder recycling device and method. The core of the device is the integration of automatic cleaning, pneumatic separation and moving following functions. The embodiments of the application will be described below through a preferred embodiment and combined with the drawings. Figs. 1-3 .

[0020] As Figs. 1-3 shown, the movable laser cladding powder recycling device of the present embodiment has a workbench 1 which can adopt a circular or rectangular structure, and the surface of the workbench 1 is provided with arrayed powder leakage holes 2, and the side edges are provided with side openings 3. The edge of the workbench 1 is provided with a telescopic guard plate 4 which is driven to vertically lift by a telescopic motor 5. The telescopic motor 5 is adjusted by a controller 15, so that the surrounding height of the guard plate can be flexibly adjusted according to the diameter of the workpiece to be repaired (especially shaft parts), and the powder can be effectively prevented from splashing out of the working area during cleaning.

[0021] The cleaning device mainly includes a cleaning brush 6. The rotating mechanism includes a rotating motor 16 and a transmission gear set 7. The transmission gear set 7 is installed at the side opening 3 of the workbench 1 through an axial positioning connecting ring 73, and is specifically composed of a high-speed input gear 71 and a low-speed output gear 72 which are meshed with each other. The output shaft of the rotating motor 16 drives the high-speed input gear 71, and after the speed is reduced and the torque is increased through the gear set, the low-speed output gear 72 drives the cleaning brush 6 connected thereto to rotate and clean stably at low speed on the surface of the workbench 1, so that the scattered powder is efficiently swept to the powder leakage holes 2.

[0022] The powder recycling structure is arranged directly below the workbench 1, and includes a funnel collector 11, a blower 9, a suction fan 10, a waste box 12 and a powder recycling box 13. After the mixture of powder and splashes passes through the powder leakage holes 2, it falls into the top of the funnel collector 11. The heavy cladding splashes and other heavy impurities with large inertia pass through the airflow area along the vertical trajectory and fall into the waste box 12 at the bottom. At the same time, the blower 9 installed below the side of the funnel collector 11 is started to blow a horizontal or slightly inclined airflow with a specific speed into the inner cavity of the funnel. The light metal powder is blown away and lifted under the action of the airflow, and is suspended in the middle space of the funnel collector 11. The suction fan 10 installed on the side of the funnel collector 11 works synchronously, and the negative pressure generated thereby sucks the suspended pure metal powder into the pipeline and finally delivers it into the powder recycling box 13 for closed storage. The wind speed of the blower 9 and the suction of the suction fan 10 are adjusted in linkage through the controller 15, so that the airflow field can be optimized to achieve the best separation efficiency.

[0023] The moving mechanism is composed of a plurality of universal moving wheels 14 with braking function and an integrated controller 15. The controller 15 is usually arranged on the side of the workbench 1 or a position convenient for operation, and has an integrated control circuit inside for uniformly controlling the start-stop, speed and coordination of the driving motor 8 (responsible for driving the movement of the device, and this part is required if it is a driven wheel), the rotating motor 16, the blower 9, the suction fan 10 and the telescopic motor 5.

[0024] The powder recycling method using the above device has the following specific implementation process: Firstly, the operator pushes the device to the laser cladding processing area, and adjusts the telescopic guard plate 4 to the appropriate height through the controller 15 according to the size of the workpiece. After the device is in place, the work instruction is started. The rotating motor 16 drives the cleaning brush 6 to rotate, and the workbench is automatically cleaned. The mixture cleaned is introduced into the powder recycling structure through the powder leakage hole 2. In the recycling structure, the air blower 9 and the suction fan 10 work together to complete the real-time pneumatic separation and classification collection of the powder and impurities. When the laser cladding equipment needs to continuously move the long workpiece for processing, the operator can push it manually through the controller 15 or directly, and use the universal moving wheel 14 to keep the recycling device and the laser processing head moving synchronously, so as to realize uninterrupted powder recycling operation on the entire processing path, avoiding the problem that the traditional fixed workbench needs to frequently interrupt the processing for cleaning.

[0025] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for clearly showing the principles and embodiments of the present application, and are not a limitation on the present application. For example, the shape of the workbench 1, the specific reduction ratio of the transmission gear set 7, the installation angle and number of the air blower 9 and the suction fan 10, the automation degree of the controller, etc. can be changed and adjusted according to the actual application requirements. Any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principles of the technical scheme of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A movable laser cladding powder recovery device, comprising a worktable (1) and a powder recovery structure located below the worktable (1), wherein the worktable (1) is provided with a powder leakage hole (2), characterized in that: The workbench (1) has a side opening (3) on its side, and the device also includes a cleaning device, a rotating mechanism and a moving mechanism; The cleaning device is connected to the rotating mechanism through the side opening (3) and includes a cleaning brush (6) that acts on the surface of the workbench (1). The rotating mechanism is used to drive the cleaning brush (6) to rotate; The moving mechanism includes a moving wheel (14) and a controller (15) for realizing the movement and positioning control of the device.

2. The portable laser cladding powder recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (1) is provided with a telescopic guard plate (4) at its edge, and the telescopic guard plate (4) is connected to a telescopic motor (5) that drives its lifting and lowering.

3. The portable laser cladding powder recovery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The powder recycling structure includes a funnel collector (11), a blower (9), a suction fan (10), a waste box (12), and a powder recycling box (13); the blower (9) is located below the side of the funnel collector (11), and the suction fan (10) is located to the side of the funnel collector (11).

4. The portable laser cladding powder recovery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a rotary motor (16) and a transmission gear set (7). The transmission gear set (7) includes a high-speed input gear (71) and a low-speed output gear (72). The rotary motor (16) is connected to the high-speed input gear (71).

5. The portable laser cladding powder recovery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The area of ​​the cleaning brush (6) is less than 1 / 3 of the surface area of ​​the workbench (1).

6. The portable laser cladding powder recovery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The movable wheel (14) is a universal wheel with a braking device.

7. The portable laser cladding powder recovery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The controller (15) is used to control the electrical actuators of the device.

8. A method for recovering laser cladding powder, employing a portable laser cladding powder recovery device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Move the device below the laser cladding processing area and adjust the telescopic guard plate (4) on the edge of the worktable (1); start the device to drive the cleaning brush (6) through the rotating mechanism to clean the surface of the worktable (1), so that the powder enters the powder recovery structure through the powder leakage hole (2); in the powder recovery structure, the blower (9) set below the funnel collector (11) generates airflow to blow away and separate the falling powder mixture, and at the same time, the suction fan (10) set on the side of the funnel collector (11) sucks away the separated powder and collects it into the powder recovery box (13); when the laser cladding equipment moves for processing, control the device to move synchronously to achieve continuous powder recovery.

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