A low deformation welding method for a pillar welded cage of a large heavy-duty bearing

Abstract

The application discloses a low-deformation welding method for a support post welded retainer of a large heavy-duty bearing, which adopts double-welding-position symmetrical welding, that is, two welding positions are used to simultaneously weld support gasket welding positions, and the welding objects are two support gasket welding positions symmetrically arranged on a straight line passing through the center of the gasket; the welding method comprises the following steps: performing double-welding-position symmetrical welding according to the average division principle; and welding each welding position according to the principle of spot welding first and then full welding. The double-position symmetrical welding and the average division principle are beneficial to homogenizing welding stress on the gasket of the entire support post welded retainer, and the double-position four-point-position symmetrical spot welding can also homogenize the welding stress. The application can effectively inhibit the welding deformation of the gasket on the two side end faces of the support post welded retainer, avoid the bending, warping and size deviation of the retainer, guarantee the flatness of the retainer, guarantee the stable operation of the bearing roller and the retainer, and improve the service performance of the bearing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of bearing manufacturing, and particularly relates to a low-deformation welding method for a strut-welded cage of a large heavy-duty bearing. BACKGROUND

[0002] The strut-welded cage is a core supporting component of bearings under heavy-duty working conditions, and is specially designed to provide support and constraint for bearings serving in high-load and strong-impact environments. Compared with traditional ordinary bearing cages, the strut-welded cage has significant structural advantages, and can accommodate more rollers under the premise that the bearing size and installation space remain unchanged, thereby breaking through the spatial limitations of ordinary cages. Since the rollers are core load-bearing elements, an increase in the number of rollers can make the load distribution more uniform, greatly improving the load-carrying capacity and service life of the bearing and adapting to heavy-duty requirements.

[0003] The strut-welded cage includes a washer, a roller and a strut. During manufacturing, the strut is first inserted into the hollow roller, and after ensuring that the assembly position is compliant, the two ends of the strut and the two side washers are firmly connected by welding, so that the three form a complete and stable overall structure. The metallurgical bonding strength formed by welding far exceeds that of ordinary mechanical connections, can effectively resist the separation trend caused by impact, ensure the stability of the cage structure, avoid the loosening and falling of the components, and protect the stability of the bearing during the entire service period.

[0004] However, the welding process also has inherent technical problems. During welding, high temperatures cause rapid thermal expansion and contraction of the metal, which can introduce welding stresses that are difficult to completely eliminate inside the components. When the stress accumulates to a certain extent, it can cause welding deformation such as bending, warping and dimensional deviation of the cage, which not only affects the appearance accuracy and assembly fit clearance, but also can reduce the flexibility of the bearing in operation, and even cause cracks due to stress concentration, which can potentially affect the overall performance and service life of the bearing.

[0005] In existing welding-related research on strut-welded cages, the bonding strength between the strut and the washer is mainly improved by changing the welding parameters and the welding structure, but the welding deformation is not inhibited. Welding deformation can cause the fit accuracy of the washer and the roller to deviate from the design requirements, and further cause abnormal friction between the two, which not only interferes with the smooth operation of the bearing, but also directly affects the overall performance of the bearing, and ultimately significantly shortens the service life of the bearing. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present application proposes a low-deformation welding method for a strut-welded cage of a large heavy-duty bearing, which balances the welding stress and inhibits the welding deformation of the two side washers of the strut-welded cage by adjusting the process parameters and improving the welding method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions of the present application are as follows:

[0008] The application discloses a low-deformation welding method for a support welded cage of a large heavy-load bearing, which adopts double-welding-position symmetrical welding, that is, two welding positions are used to simultaneously weld support washer welding positions, the welding objects are two support washer welding positions symmetrically arranged on a straight line passing through the center of the washer, the support washer welding position is a welding position of the washer and one end of the support, and is referred to as a welding position in brief hereinafter; and the welding method comprises the following steps.

[0009] A. symmetrical welding of the double welding positions is performed according to the average division principle;

[0010] The washer is clamped on a welding table, two welding positions on the same diameter on the washer plane are taken as the same group of welding positions, and are marked as a 0-degree welding position and a 180-degree welding position respectively, and symmetrical welding of the double welding positions is performed in the following order:

[0011] First, the washer is evenly divided into two halves, and the 0-degree welding position and the 180-degree welding position are welded;

[0012] Then, the washer is evenly divided into four equal parts, and the 90-degree welding position and the 270-degree welding position are welded;

[0013] Further, the washer is evenly divided into eight equal parts, the 45-degree welding position and the 225-degree welding position are welded first, and then the 135-degree welding position and the 315-degree welding position are welded;

[0014] In this way, the unwelded areas are further divided evenly; and after the unwelded areas cannot be evenly divided, the remaining welding positions are welded in a clockwise direction.

[0015] B. each welding position is welded according to the principle of spot welding first and then full welding;

[0016] Four spot welding positions, i.e., a first spot welding position, a second spot welding position, a third spot welding position and a fourth spot welding position, are uniformly arranged on each welding position in the circumferential direction; when the spot welding is performed, the symmetrical welding principle of the double welding positions is also adopted, that is, the first spot welding position and the third spot welding position are simultaneously spot welded first, and then the second spot welding position and the fourth spot welding position are simultaneously spot welded.

[0017] After the spot welding of all the welding positions is completed, full welding is performed; when the full welding is performed, the arc is started from the first spot welding position, and sequentially passes through and covers the second spot welding position, the third spot welding position, the fourth spot welding position and the first spot welding position in the instantaneous clockwise direction, and the arc is extinguished between the first spot welding position and the second spot welding position, so that a complete weld is formed on the welding position.

[0018] Further, the spot welding and the full welding both adopt a double-position tungsten needle argon arc welding system with automatic positioning and automatic welding functions.

[0019] Furthermore, the dual-station tungsten needle TIG welding system employs DC reverse polarity during welding. For spot welding, the current is 260-280 A, the distance between the tungsten needle tip and the welding position is 1.8-2.4 mm, the welding wire selection is determined by the materials of the support and gasket, and argon gas with a purity of ≥99.9% is used as the shielding gas with a flow rate of 10-15 L / min. For full welding, the current is 280-320 A, the distance between the tungsten needle tip and the welding position is 1.4-1.8 mm, and argon gas with a purity of ≥99.9% is again used as the shielding gas with a flow rate of 15-20 L / min.

[0020] Furthermore, when the full welding process enters the arc extinguishing phase, the welding current decreases linearly, and the distance between the tip of the tungsten needle and the welding position increases linearly.

[0021] The breakthroughs and beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention employs dual-station symmetrical welding and its principle of average division to uniformly distribute welding stress across the gaskets of the entire support welded cage. Dual-station four-point symmetrical spot welding also effectively uniformizes welding stress. This invention effectively suppresses welding deformation of the gaskets on both ends of the support welded cage, preventing cage bending, warping, and dimensional deviations, ensuring its flatness, guaranteeing stable operation of the bearing rollers and cage, and improving its performance. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the welding position between the support column and the washer in this invention.

[0024] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spot weld position of the support column and the washer in this invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. 0° welding position; 2. 45° welding position; 3. 90° welding position; 4. 135° welding position; 5. 180° welding position; 6. 225° welding position; 7. 270° welding position; 8. 315° welding position; 9. First spot weld position; 10. Second spot weld position; 11. Third spot weld position; 12. Fourth spot weld position. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To further aid in understanding a welding method and process for low deformation of a welded support cage, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

[0027] like Figs. 1-2As shown, a low-deformation welding method for the support cage of a large heavy-duty bearing is employed, which involves symmetrical welding at two welding positions. This means that two welding stations are used simultaneously to weld the support washer welding positions. The welding objects are two symmetrical support washer welding positions on a straight line passing through the center of the washer. The support washer welding position is the welding location between the washer and one end of the support, hereinafter referred to as the welding position. The welding method includes the following steps:

[0028] A. Follow the principle of average division to perform symmetrical welding at two welding positions;

[0029] The angles of the weld positions on the washer plane are recorded as 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315°, with a difference of 180° forming the same group of weld positions. First, weld the 0° weld position 1 and the 180° weld position 5, dividing the unwelded area into two equal halves; then weld the 90° weld position 3 and the 270° weld position 7, dividing the unwelded area into four equal halves; next, weld the 45° weld position 2 and the 225° weld position 6, then weld the 135° weld position 4 and the 315° weld position 8, further dividing the unwelded area; and so on, until it is impossible to divide evenly, then weld the remaining weld positions in a clockwise direction.

[0030] B. Weld each welding position according to the principle of spot welding first and then full welding;

[0031] Four spot welding positions are evenly arranged along the circumference at each welding position, namely the first spot welding position 9, the second spot welding position 10, the third spot welding position 11, and the fourth spot welding position 12. During spot welding, the principle of symmetrical welding at two welding positions is also adopted, that is, the first spot welding position 9 and the third spot welding position 11 are spot welded simultaneously first, and then the second spot welding position 10 and the fourth spot welding position 12 are spot welded simultaneously.

[0032] After completing the spot welding of all welding positions, full welding is then performed. During full welding, the arc is started from the first spot welding position 9, and passes through and covers the second spot welding position 10, the third spot welding position 11, the fourth spot welding position 12 and the first spot welding position 9 in a clockwise direction. The arc is extinguished between the first spot welding position 9 and the second spot welding position 10, forming a complete weld at the welding position.

[0033] Furthermore, both spot welding and full welding employ a dual-station tungsten needle argon arc welding system with automatic positioning and automatic welding functions.

[0034] Furthermore, the dual-station tungsten needle TIG welding system employs DC reverse polarity during welding. For spot welding, the current is 260 A, the distance between the tungsten needle tip and the welding position is 1.8 mm, the choice of welding wire is determined by the materials of the support and gasket, and argon gas with a purity of ≥99.9% is used as the shielding gas with a flow rate of 12 L / min. For full welding, the current is 310 A, the distance between the tungsten needle tip and the welding position is 1.4 mm, and argon gas with a purity of ≥99.9% is again used as the shielding gas with a flow rate of 20 L / min.

[0035] Furthermore, when the full welding process enters the arc extinguishing phase, the welding current decreases linearly, and the distance between the tip of the tungsten needle and the welding position increases linearly.

[0036] The foregoing description illustrates the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A low-deformation welding method for the support cage of a large, heavy-duty bearing, characterized in that: The welding method employs a dual-position symmetrical welding approach, where two welding stations are used simultaneously to weld the support washer positions. The welding targets are two symmetrical support washer positions along a straight line passing through the center of the washer. Each support washer welding position is the location where the washer is welded to one end of the support column, hereinafter referred to as the welding position. The welding method includes the following steps: A. Follow the principle of average division to perform symmetrical welding at two welding positions; Clamp the washer on the welding table, and take two welding positions on the same diameter on the plane of the washer as the same group of welding positions, and mark them as 0° welding position (1) and 180° welding position (5) respectively, and perform symmetrical welding of the two welding positions in the following order: First, divide the washer into two equal halves and weld the 0° welding position (1) and the 180° welding position (5). Then the washer is divided into four equal parts, and the 90° welding position (3) and the 270° welding position (7) are welded. The washer was further divided into eight equal parts. First, the 45° welding position (2) and the 225° welding position (6) were welded, and then the 135° welding position (4) and the 315° welding position (8) were welded. Continue in this manner, further dividing the unwelded area; until it can no longer be divided evenly, then weld the remaining welded areas in a clockwise direction; B. Weld each welding position according to the principle of spot welding first and then full welding; Four spot welding positions are evenly arranged along the circumference at each welding position, namely the first spot welding position (9), the second spot welding position (10), the third spot welding position (11) and the fourth spot welding position (12). When spot welding, the principle of symmetrical welding of the double welding position is also adopted, that is, the first spot welding position (9) and the third spot welding position (11) are spot welded at the same time, and then the second spot welding position (10) and the fourth spot welding position (12) are spot welded at the same time. After completing the spot welding of all welding positions, full welding is performed. During full welding, the arc is started from the first spot welding position (9), and passes through and covers the second spot welding position (10), the third spot welding position (11), the fourth spot welding position (12) and the first spot welding position (9) in a clockwise direction. The arc is extinguished between the first spot welding position (9) and the second spot welding position (10), and a complete weld is formed at the welding position.

2. The low-deformation welding method for the support welded cage of a large heavy-duty bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both spot welding and full welding employ a dual-station tungsten needle argon arc welding system with automatic positioning and welding functions.

3. The low-deformation welding method for the support welded cage of a large heavy-duty bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dual-station tungsten needle TIG welding system uses DC reverse polarity during welding. For spot welding, the current is 260-280 A, the distance between the tungsten needle tip and the welding position is 1.8-2.4 mm, and the choice of welding wire is determined by the materials of the support and gasket. Argon gas with a purity of ≥99.9% is used as the shielding gas, with a flow rate of 10-15 L / min. For full welding, the current is 280-320 A, the distance between the tungsten needle tip and the welding position is 1.4-1.8 mm, and argon gas with a purity of ≥99.9% is again used as the shielding gas, with a flow rate of 15-20 L / min.

4. The low-deformation welding method for the support welded cage of a large heavy-duty bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the full weld enters the arc extinguishing phase, the welding current decreases linearly, and the distance between the tip of the tungsten needle and the welding position increases linearly.

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