Blowing protection device and welding equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to an air blowing protection device which comprises a first air blowing assembly and a second air blowing assembly, the first air blowing assembly is used for generating an annular air curtain, and the second air blowing assembly is used for generating a transverse air curtain; wherein the annular air curtain converges at the axis of the first air blowing assembly and generates a first air flow facing the laser lens and a second air flow facing the direction away from the laser lens, and the second air flow forms an air flow atmosphere covering a machining station on the machining station. According to the technical scheme, the transverse air curtain can be used for isolating splashes sputtered at a high speed from the machining station below, the splashes are prevented from being splashed onto the laser lens, meanwhile, the first air flow can play an auxiliary enhancement role on the transverse air curtain, the second air flow forms an air flow atmosphere covering the machining station on the machining station, and the machining efficiency is improved. The multi-protection effect is achieved, the coverage integrity of the air curtain to the laser lens is improved, and normal machining is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser processing technology, and more specifically, to a gas blowing protection device and welding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding, as a highly efficient and precise joining technology in modern manufacturing, is widely used in various fields. During actual welding processes, the molten metal pool undergoes violent vaporization, spattering, and plasma generation, leading to frequent contamination of the optical system's lenses. Current technologies typically employ nozzles for protection, but these methods suffer from poor coverage and significant impact on the molten pool, hindering normal processing. Therefore, existing technologies are insufficient to meet the requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of this application is that the protection methods of the prior art have poor coverage integrity and a large impact on the molten pool, which affects the normal processing.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a blow-out protection device, which adopts the following technical solution, including: A blow-out protection device, the blow-out protection device comprising: A first air blowing assembly is used to generate an annular air curtain at the laser lens. The first air blowing assembly is provided with a first air outlet groove, which is inclined along the outer side of the laser lens toward the axis of the laser lens. The second air blowing assembly is used to generate a transverse air curtain at the laser lens. The second air blowing assembly is disposed between the laser lens and the first air blowing assembly. The second air blowing assembly is provided with a second air outlet groove, which is inclined along the outer side of the laser lens toward the axis of the laser lens. The annular air curtain converges at the axis of the first blowing component and generates a first airflow toward the laser lens and a second airflow toward the direction away from the laser lens. The second airflow forms an airflow atmosphere covering the processing station.

[0005] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the first air outlet groove is 20°-30°; and / or, The inclination angle of the second air outlet groove is 10°-20°.

[0006] Furthermore, the first air blowing assembly includes a first exhaust component and at least one first air inlet connector. The first exhaust component is annular in shape, and the first air outlet groove is disposed on the first exhaust component. A first airflow channel is disposed inside the first exhaust component, and the first airflow channel is used to connect the first air inlet connector and the first air outlet groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the first airflow channel includes a first channel, a second channel, and a plurality of first connecting holes. The first connecting holes are used to connect the first channel and the second channel. The first channel is connected to the first air inlet connector, and the second channel is connected to the first air outlet slot.

[0008] Furthermore, the ratio between the volume of the first channel and the volume of the second channel is greater than 3; and / or, The diameter of the first connecting hole is 1.0-1.5 mm; and / or, The number of the first connecting holes is 16-32; and / or, The length of the first connecting hole is 3-5 mm; and / or, The distance between the first exhaust component and the second air blowing component is 100-120 mm; and / or, The air pressure introduced from the first air inlet connector (2) into the first airflow channel is 0.1-0.5 mPa.

[0009] Furthermore, at least two first air intake connectors are provided, with the two first air intake connectors respectively located on both sides of the first exhaust component. The first air intake connectors are tangent to the first exhaust component, or the first air intake connectors are perpendicular to the tangent of the first exhaust component.

[0010] Furthermore, the second air blowing assembly includes a second exhaust component and at least one second air inlet connector. The second exhaust component is rectangular in shape, and the second air outlet groove is disposed on the second exhaust component. A second airflow channel is disposed inside the second exhaust component, and the second airflow channel is used to connect the second air inlet connector and the second air outlet groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the length of the second air outlet groove is less than or equal to the length of the second airflow channel; and / or, The width of the second air outlet groove is 0.3-0.5 mm; and / or, The distance between the second exhaust component and the laser lens is 10-20 mm; and / or, The second intake connector is provided in at least two forms, and the line of symmetry between the second intake connectors coincides with the line of symmetry of the second exhaust component; and / or, The air pressure entering the second airflow channel from the second air inlet connector is 0.3-0.7 mPa.

[0012] Furthermore, the air blowing protection device also includes a connecting component, wherein the first air blowing component and the second air blowing component are both movably disposed on the connecting component, and the connecting component is capable of adjusting the distance between the second air blowing component and the first air blowing component and / or the laser lens; and / or adjusting the tilt angle of the second air outlet groove.

[0013] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a welding device, which employs the following technical solution, including: The laser system includes a processing station and the air blowing protection device. The laser system includes a laser lens, the first air blowing component is coaxially arranged with the laser lens, and the second air blowing component is arranged on one side of the laser lens.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following advantages: The transverse air curtain of this application is formed between the first air blowing component and the second air blowing component, and is used to isolate the spatter sputtered at high speed from the processing station below, preventing it from splashing into the laser lens. At the same time, the first airflow toward the laser lens can converge with the transverse air curtain and play an auxiliary reinforcing role in the transverse air curtain. The second airflow forms an airflow atmosphere covering the processing station, which can not only suppress the sputtering of spatter from the source, playing a multiple protection role and improving the coverage integrity of the air curtain on the laser lens, but also form a barrier between the processing station and the external oxygen-containing environment, avoiding the impact and influence on the molten pool and ensuring the normal progress of processing. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the solution of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the air blowing protection device in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the air-blowing protection device in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the air-blowing protection device in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of A in the middle; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of B in the middle; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the airflow of the blowing protection device in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second air blowing assembly in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first air blowing component in one embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the first air blowing assembly in this application. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the first air blowing component in this application. Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the first air blowing component in this application.

[0017] Reference numerals: 100, First air blowing assembly; 101, First airflow channel; 200, Second air blowing assembly; 201, Second airflow channel; 300, Laser lens; 400, Connecting assembly; 10, First air outlet groove; 20, Second air outlet groove; 11, First airflow; 12, Second airflow; 13, Processing station; 1, First exhaust component; 2, First air inlet connector; 3, First channel; 4, Second channel; 5, First connecting hole; 6, Second exhaust component; 61, Connecting column; 7, Second air inlet connector; 8, Connecting rod; 81, First connecting block; 82, Second connecting block; 821, Insertion hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order.

[0019] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Laser welding, as a highly efficient and precise joining technology in modern manufacturing, is widely used in automotive manufacturing, electronics, aerospace, and other fields due to its advantages such as low heat input, high weld quality, and high degree of automation. Especially for highly reflective materials such as aluminum and magnesium alloys, laser welding can effectively reduce thermal deformation and improve welding efficiency. However, in actual processing, the intense vaporization, spatter, and plasma generation of the molten metal pool frequently contaminate the optical system, especially the field lens and protective lens located in the processing area. This contamination not only directly restricts the effective transmission of laser energy but also leads to frequent equipment downtime for maintenance, seriously affecting the continuity of industrial production and becoming a key issue restricting production efficiency and quality stability.

[0022] The contamination of lenses by spatter and dust is mainly manifested in the following aspects: (1) Adhesive contamination: Spattered metal particles and dust are easily melted at high temperatures and adhere to the lens surface, forming a contamination layer that is difficult to remove; (2) Thermal damage: High-temperature and high-kinetic-energy spatter directly impacts the lens surface, which may cause micro-cracks or ablation on the lens surface, affecting its light transmission performance; (3) Decreased optical performance: Contaminants may change the optical properties of the lens, such as reducing its light transmittance and shifting the focal point, which directly affects the transmission and focusing effect of the laser beam. Non-uniformly distributed contaminants can also cause beam scattering and refraction distortion, destroying the original designed beam spot shape. If the contaminated lens is not replaced in time, the continuously used laser system may generate a thermal lensing effect due to local overheating, which may even cause permanent damage to optical components worth hundreds of thousands of yuan in severe cases.

[0023] To reduce lens contamination and extend its service life, protective air curtains and nozzles are commonly used for protection. Air curtains form a physical barrier through high-speed airflow, blowing spatter away from the optical path and isolating it from directly impacting the protective lens towards the laser lens 300. Nozzles, on the other hand, use a more concentrated airflow to impact the processing surface, creating positive pressure within the laser device cavity and isolating spatter. However, these methods expose multiple defects in complex working conditions: (1) Coverage integrity: When welding overhead or curved surfaces, a single layer of air curtain is difficult to cover all incident angles, and spatter may still be splashed into and float in the environment, bypassing the air curtain barrier and entering the laser head; (2) Impact of nozzle jet on the molten pool: Unlike the coaxial slag removal airflow in subtractive processes such as laser cutting, the stability of the molten pool during welding is particularly important for the processing quality in additive or joining processes. Therefore, it is not suitable to use concentrated nozzle jets to suppress the spatter during the processing; (3) Space limitations: When welding large workpieces such as white body in local positions, the curved surface welding trajectory and internal space conditions do not allow for the installation of a sufficiently long airflow rectification sleeve under the laser head. This also makes the distance between the laser head's internal protective mirror and the outside atmosphere very close, making it more susceptible to the influence of spatter.

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 11 As shown, this application provides a blow-out protection device, including: A first air blowing assembly 100 is used to generate an annular air curtain at the laser lens 300. The first air blowing assembly 100 is provided with a first air outlet groove 10, which is inclined along the outer side of the laser lens 300 toward the axis of the laser lens 300. The second air blowing assembly 200 is used to generate a transverse air curtain at the laser lens 300. The second air blowing assembly 200 is disposed between the laser lens 300 and the first air blowing assembly 100. The second air blowing assembly 200 is provided with a second air outlet groove 20, which is inclined along the outer side of the laser lens 300 toward the axis of the laser lens 300. The annular air curtain converges at the axis of the first blowing assembly 100 and generates a first airflow 11 toward the laser lens 300 and a second airflow 12 toward a direction away from the laser lens 300. The second airflow 12 forms an airflow atmosphere covering the processing station 13.

[0026] The transverse air curtain described in this application is formed between the first air blowing assembly 100 and the second air blowing assembly 200, and is used to isolate the spatter ejected at high speed from the processing station 13 below, preventing it from splashing into the laser lens 300. At the same time, the first airflow 11 facing the laser lens 300 can converge with the transverse air curtain and play an auxiliary reinforcing role in the transverse air curtain. The second airflow 12 forms an airflow atmosphere covering the processing station 13, which can not only suppress the sputtering of spatter from the source and play a multiple protection role, improving the coverage integrity of the air curtain on the laser lens 300, but also form a barrier between the processing station 13 and the external oxygen-containing environment, avoiding impact and influence on the molten pool and ensuring the normal progress of processing.

[0027] Furthermore, the term "transverse" in "transverse air curtain" is used in reference to the direction relative to the optical axis of the laser lens 300. That is, the transverse air curtain blows from the side of the laser lens 300 toward the optical axis of the laser lens 300, and the transverse air curtain forms a certain angle (non-parallel) with the optical axis of the laser lens 300.

[0028] Furthermore, the protective gas introduced into the first air blowing assembly 100 and the second air blowing assembly 200 is an inert gas. The second airflow 12 can suppress the sputtering of spatter from the source. Suppression means that the downward component of the second airflow 12 is located on the axis of the laser lens 300. Therefore, the second airflow 12 is blown towards the processing station 13 through direct impact, providing a more concentrated and higher concentration of inert environment for the weld pool on the workpiece. In an inert environment, the oxidation degree and quantity of by-products (sputter) are reduced, solving the spatter pollution problem from the source. In contrast, the spatter in the prior art has already... Therefore, the existing air curtain technology suppresses the smoke and dust from flying towards the side where the focusing lens is located, forcing the smoke and dust and plasma, that is, the purpose of the existing technology is only to disperse the by-products such as the already sputtered smoke and plasma in all directions and away from the focusing lens. This application is not to "force the spatter to spread in all directions and reduce the amount of accumulation at the axial position", but to generate the second airflow 12, so that it directly impacts the downward airflow, and directly counteracts the momentum of the upward sputtering of the spatter, smoke and plasma with the downward airflow, so that it falls to the nearby receiving platform or other positions, avoiding sputtering, thereby reducing the design of the welding room dust removal system and the health pressure on workers.

[0029] As attached Figure 3 To be continued Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments, the tilt angle β of the first gas outlet groove 10 is 20°-30°. A suitable tilt angle can prevent the downward component of the airflow from being too large, thus avoiding excessive impact on the molten pool and preventing the airflow from affecting the stability of the molten pool and the quality of laser sintering. It can also prevent the upward component of the airflow from being too large, thus preventing excessive upward impact on the transverse air curtain and avoiding damage to the shape of the transverse air curtain.

[0030] As attached Figure 3 To be continued Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the tilt angle α of the second air outlet 20 is 10°-20°. A suitable tilt angle prevents the end of the transverse air curtain blown out by the second air outlet 20 from deviating too far from the laser lens 300, thus failing to provide adequate protection. Simultaneously, it also prevents the transverse air curtain from being easily impacted by the upward jet of the first airflow 11 blown by the first air blowing assembly 100 below when passing the axis of the laser lens 300 when the angle is too small, thus avoiding the transverse air curtain tilting upwards in the middle and lower reaches. A suitable angle improves the isolation effect of the transverse air curtain.

[0031] Furthermore, after entering the first airflow channel 101, the airflow develops obliquely downwards along the wall, and then blows out obliquely downwards from the first air outlet 10 towards the axis of the laser lens 300. The airflow is uniform and of similar intensity at all positions, and the jet formed after blowing out maintains this characteristic until it converges and impacts at the axis position. A local high-pressure zone is formed at the impact position. After the airflow reaches this position, the horizontal velocity component is almost dissipated by the impact of the airflow of the same intensity on the opposite side. At this time, driven by the central high-pressure zone, the airflow escapes to the upper and lower sides (flowing in the low-pressure area); then the airflow disperses into two components: the upward first airflow 11 and the downward second airflow 12. Due to the downward tilt angle of the first air outlet 10 itself, the airflow itself carries some downward velocity component. After the impact, the flow rate escaping downwards from the central high-pressure zone is greater. The downward second airflow 12 suppresses the spatter generated at the molten pool near the molten pool, and at the same time, under certain working conditions, provides an inert environment around the molten pool, isolating the oxygen content around the molten pool and improving the processing quality. The upward airflow 11 impacts the air curtain generated by the first exhaust component 1, causing it to bend upward in the middle and rear section, better covering the laser lens 300.

[0032] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 and attached Figure 8 To be continued Figure 11As shown, in some embodiments, the first air blowing assembly 100 includes a first exhaust component 1 and at least one first air inlet connector 2. The first exhaust component 1 is annular in shape, and a first air outlet groove 10 is disposed on the first exhaust component 1. A first airflow channel 101 is disposed inside the first exhaust component 1, which connects the first air inlet connector 2 and the first air outlet groove 10. The annular shape of the first exhaust component 1 ensures that after the first air outlet groove 10 around the annular air curtain is blown out, the airflow points towards the axis of the laser lens 300, thereby generating the effect of two separate upward airflows 11 and downward airflows 2. The airflow intensity is uniform, ensuring that the splashing of spatter is suppressed from the source, playing a multiple protective role, improving the coverage integrity of the air curtain on the laser lens 300, and further enhancing the lateral air curtain to isolate the spatter sputtered at high speed by the processing station 13 below, preventing it from splashing into the laser lens 300.

[0033] As attached Figure 5 and attached Figure 8 To be continued Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the first airflow channel 101 includes a first channel 3, a second channel 4, and a plurality of first connecting holes 5. The first connecting holes 5 are used to connect the first channel 3 and the second channel 4. The first channel 3 is connected to the first air inlet connector 2, and the second channel 4 is connected to the first air outlet slot 10. The first channel 3 and the second channel 4 are both loop-connected internal flow channels. The airflow entering the first channel 3 from the first air inlet connector 2 is first rectified by the first channel 3, and then enters the second channel 4 through the first connecting holes 5 for rectification again, ensuring the uniformity, sufficient power, and good airflow pattern of the annular air curtain.

[0034] Furthermore, by setting the first connecting hole 5, the tangential (i.e., circumferential) swirling flow within the first channel 3 is transformed into a downward flow along the first connecting hole 5. The first connecting holes 5 are arranged in a circular array, ensuring downward flow at each point. This eliminates the tendency for the airflow to expand into a fan-shaped distribution when entering the second channel 4 and exiting the first air outlet 10. The annular air curtain is concentrated towards the axis, unlike the prior art scheme which uses a circumferential component to form a semi-ellipsoidal vortex distribution. Therefore, the annular air curtain impacts the laser lens 300 along its axis to form an impact jet, creating the second airflow 12 that impacts the processing station 13 downwards, suppressing splashing at the source, and also creating the first airflow 11 that blows upwards, further enhancing the lateral air curtain.

[0035] As attached Figure 5 and attached Figure 8 To be continued Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the ratio between the volume of the first channel 3 and the volume of the second channel 4 is greater than 3. The first channel 3 occupies most of the internal space of the first airflow channel 101 to better facilitate the airflow to develop along the loop and achieve circumferential rectification. The second channel 4 receives the flow from the first channel 3 through the first connecting hole 5 and transports it to the first air outlet slot 10, serving to transport the airflow and rectify it again. Therefore, it does not need to occupy too much volume, reducing the volume occupied by the first exhaust component 1 and improving the applicability of the blowing protection device.

[0036] As attached Figure 5 and attached Figure 8 To be continued Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the diameter of the first connecting hole 5 is 1.0-1.5 mm. A suitable diameter can prevent the diameter of the first connecting hole 5 from being too large, which would affect the rectification effect and prevent the airflow entering the second channel 4 from still having obvious rotational characteristics; it can also prevent the diameter of the first connecting hole 5 from being too small, which would affect the processing accuracy and prevent the annular air curtain from causing a large pressure loss, affecting the strength of the annular air curtain, thereby ensuring the uniformity, sufficient power, and good airflow pattern of the annular air curtain.

[0037] As attached Figure 5 and attached Figure 8 To be continued Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the number of first connecting holes 5 is 16-32. The length L of the first connecting holes 5 is 3-5 mm. The first connecting holes 5 serve as airflow communication channels between the first channel 3 and the second channel 4. The first connecting holes 5 are evenly arranged along the annular air path. The first connecting holes 5 can transform the tangential swirling flow in the first channel 3 into downward flow along the first connecting holes 5, thereby ensuring that the airflow, when finally entering the annular air curtain blown out by the first air outlet slot 10, points radially towards the central axis of the laser lens 300, preventing the airflow from exhibiting swirling or tangential characteristics. Appropriate numbers, lengths, and distribution can ensure the uniformity, sufficient power, and good airflow pattern of the annular air curtain.

[0038] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the distance D2 between the first exhaust component 1 and the second blowing assembly 200 is 100-120mm. A suitable distance improves the isolation effect of the lateral air curtain and the annular air curtain while ensuring they complement each other. This avoids situations where the lateral air curtain and the annular air curtain interfere with each other due to a small distance, potentially causing the emission of high-momentum splashes from below into the laser lens 300. It also avoids situations where the distance is too large, resulting in excessive space occupation.

[0039] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the air pressure introduced from the first air inlet 2 to the first airflow channel 101 is 0.1-0.5 mPa. A suitable air pressure is not too low, ensuring the uniformity, sufficient power, and good airflow pattern of the annular air curtain. Too high an air pressure increases air consumption costs, and improper air pressure settings or excessive upward tilting during local oscillations could cause the airflow to directly blow into the laser lens 300, potentially carrying high-momentum splashes into the laser lens 300 and causing contamination or other accidents.

[0040] Furthermore, preferably, the diameter of the first connecting hole 5 is 1.2 mm, the number of the first connecting holes 5 is 24, the number of the first connecting holes 5 is 24 and they are arranged in an array, and the air pressure introduced from the first air inlet connector 2 into the first airflow channel 101 is 0.2 mPa.

[0041] First air intake connector 2, Example 1 As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 and attached Figure 8 To be continued Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, at least two first air intake connectors 2 are provided, with the two first air intake connectors 2 respectively disposed on both sides of the first exhaust component 1, and the first air intake connectors 2 being tangential to the first exhaust component 1. When a tangential arrangement is adopted, at least two first air intake connectors 2 are evenly distributed on the annular circumference of the first exhaust component 1, and all the first air intake connectors 2 enter in the same tangential direction, that is, all are clockwise or all are counterclockwise. The airflow moves in a regular circular motion along the entire first airflow channel 101 within the first airflow channel 101. At the same time, the air source pressure of each first air intake connector 2 is equivalent, which plays a rectifying role and improves the stability of the annular air curtain.

[0042] Furthermore, by adopting a tangential arrangement, the airflow forms a vortex inside the first channel 3 as soon as it enters the first channel 3 without any collision process. This ensures that the flow rate inside the first channel 3 is uniform throughout. Due to sufficient uniformity, the airflow emitted from the first air outlet 10 towards the axis of the laser lens 300 can be concentrated and impacted, splitting into two components, namely the first airflow 11 and the second airflow 12. This ensures that the first airflow 11 moves upward and the second airflow 12 moves downward, preventing deviation.

[0043] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 and attached Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the second air blowing assembly 200 includes a second exhaust member 6 and at least one second air inlet connector 7. The second exhaust member 6 is rectangular, and a second air outlet groove 20 is disposed on the second exhaust member 6. A second airflow channel 201 is disposed within the second exhaust member 6, which connects the second air inlet connector 7 and the second air outlet groove 20. The transverse air curtain ejected from the second air outlet groove 20 can isolate the splashes ejected at high speed by the processing station 13 below, preventing them from splashing onto the laser lens 300. At the same time, the first airflow 11 directed towards the laser lens 300 can converge with the transverse air curtain, enhancing its effect and improving the isolation effect of the transverse air curtain.

[0044] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 and attached Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the length n of the second air outlet groove 20 is less than or equal to the length m of the second airflow channel 201. This causes the airflow to narrow and converge as it flows from the first airflow channel 101 to the first air outlet groove 10, ensuring that the airflow fills the entire first air outlet groove 10. This, in turn, ensures that the jet pattern of the first air outlet groove 10 is rectangular, rather than a curtain of air that disperses to both sides. This isolates the splashes ejected at high speed from the processing station 13 below, preventing them from splashing onto the laser lens 300 and improving the isolation effect of the lateral air curtain.

[0045] Furthermore, if the length n of the second air outlet groove 20 is greater than the length m of the second airflow channel 201, when the airflow enters the second airflow channel 201 from the first air inlet connector 2, it will impact the middle wall due to inertia, and then spread to both sides and enter the second air outlet groove 20. If the second air outlet groove 20 is relatively long, more airflow will converge on both sides, resulting in a characteristic of diverging to both sides. Therefore, in this application, the length n of the second air outlet groove 20 is less than or equal to the length m of the second airflow channel 201.

[0046] Furthermore, the ratio of the length n of the second air outlet 20 to the diameter protecting the laser lens 300 is 0.5-1.2. This ensures that the transverse air curtain can cover all or part of the opening of the laser lens 300. Since the splashes are mainly ejected upwards from the axis of the laser lens 300, the transverse air curtain has a certain length n and a good shape and sufficient power near the axis of the laser lens 300, which improves the isolation effect of the transverse air curtain.

[0047] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 and attached Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the width W of the second air outlet groove 20 is 0.3-0.5 mm. A suitable thickness not only ensures sufficient power for the transverse air curtain and isolates the high-speed sputtering debris from the processing station 13 below, preventing it from splashing onto the laser lens 300, but also facilitates the processing of the second air outlet groove 20, ensuring the uniformity of its width, preventing a surge in air consumption, and reducing costs.

[0048] As attached Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the distance D1 between the second exhaust component 6 and the laser lens 300 is 10-20mm. A suitable distance can improve the isolation effect of the transverse air curtain. When the distance is too small, the transverse air curtain, due to its divergent effect, may exceed the opening height of the cavity before reaching the laser lens 300, causing some airflow to impact the outer wall of the laser head and flow around it instead of passing under the opening, wasting this airflow energy. Furthermore, it is also susceptible to upward impact from the jet blown out by the first air blowing component 100 below, affecting its flow back into the laser lens 300. Conversely, when the distance is too large, the air curtain may deviate too far from the laser lens 300, failing to provide adequate protection.

[0049] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 and attached Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, at least two second air intake connectors 7 are provided, and the line of symmetry between the second air intake connectors 7 coincides with the line of symmetry of the second exhaust component 6. The air source pressure of each second air intake connector 7 is equivalent, ensuring the uniformity, sufficient power, and good airflow pattern of the transverse air curtain, and preventing airflow turbulence and imbalance caused by differences in air pressure and asymmetry, or even backflow of airflow.

[0050] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 and attached Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, the air pressure introduced from the second air inlet 7 into the second airflow channel 201 is 0.3-0.7 mPa. A suitable air pressure is not too low, which ensures the uniformity, sufficient power, and good airflow pattern of the transverse air curtain. Too high an air pressure increases air consumption costs, and improper air pressure settings or excessive upward tilting during local oscillations could cause the airflow to directly blow into the laser lens 300, thereby carrying high-momentum splashes into the laser lens 300 and causing pollution or other accidents.

[0051] Furthermore, preferably, the introduced air pressure is 0.5 mPa. The air pressure at which the transverse air curtain is ejected from the second air outlet 20 is 0.45 mPa.

[0052] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the air blowing protection device further includes a connecting component 400. The first air blowing component 100 and the second air blowing component 200 are both movably mounted on the connecting component 400. The connecting component 400 can adjust the distance between the second air blowing component 200 and the first air blowing component 100 and / or the laser lens 300; and / or adjust the tilt angle of the second air outlet groove 20. By adjusting parameters such as distance and tilt angle through the connecting component 400, different transverse air curtains and annular air curtains can be formed, suitable for different processing environments, reducing the influence of curved surface welding trajectories and internal space conditions, improving the complete coverage of the laser lens 300 by the air curtain, and ensuring normal processing.

[0053] Furthermore, the connecting assembly 400 includes a connecting rod 8, a first connecting block 81, and a second connecting block 82. The first connecting block 81 and the second connecting block 82 are both movably disposed on the connecting rod 8, so that the first connecting block 81 and the second connecting block 82 can move along the axial direction of the connecting rod 8. The first connecting block 81 is fixedly connected to the first air blowing assembly 100. The second connecting block 82 is provided with an insertion hole 821. The second exhaust component 6 is provided with a connecting post 61. The connecting post 61 is inserted into the insertion hole 821, so that the second exhaust component 6 rotates around the axis of the connecting post 61, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the second air outlet groove 20.

[0054] Example 2 of the first air intake connector Embodiment 2 of this application is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the first air inlet connector 2 is set in a different way.

[0055] As attached Figure 10 To be continued Figure 11As shown, in some embodiments, the first air intake connector 2 is perpendicular to the tangent of the first exhaust component 1. When arranged radially, at least two first air intake connectors 2 are evenly distributed around the annular circumference of the first exhaust component 1. Therefore, the airflow entering from the first air intake connector 2 undergoes processes such as impacting the inner wall, rotating, expanding to both sides, and converging on the opposite side within the first airflow channel 101. Using two first air intake connectors 2 can partially offset the non-uniformity of the airflow and improve the stability of the annular air curtain.

[0056] Based on the above-mentioned gas blowing protection device, this application embodiment also provides a welding equipment, which adopts the following technical solution, including: The laser system, processing station 13, and the air blowing protection device are provided. The laser system includes the laser lens 300, the first air blowing component 100 is coaxially arranged with the laser lens 300, and the second air blowing component 200 is arranged on one side of the laser lens 300.

[0057] The transverse air curtain described in this application is formed between the first air blowing assembly 100 and the second air blowing assembly 200, and is used to isolate the spatter ejected at high speed from the processing station 13 below, preventing it from splashing into the laser lens 300. At the same time, the first airflow 11 facing the laser lens 300 can converge with the transverse air curtain and play an auxiliary reinforcing role in the transverse air curtain. The second airflow 12 forms an airflow atmosphere covering the processing station 13, which can not only suppress the sputtering of spatter from the source and play a multiple protection role, improving the coverage integrity of the air curtain on the laser lens 300, but also form a barrier between the processing station 13 and the external oxygen-containing environment, avoiding impact and influence on the molten pool and ensuring the normal progress of processing.

[0058] During operation, the second air blowing assembly 200 and the first air blowing assembly 100 are fixed to the connecting assembly 400 at a suitable relative height and angle. High-pressure compressed air of appropriate pressure is introduced into the laser lens 300, and the airflow is evenly ejected through the second air outlet 20, forming a high-speed transverse air curtain with a roughly rectangular surface distribution. This curtain laterally covers and protects the laser lens 300, isolating it from high-speed sputtering particles from below, preventing them from entering the laser lens 300. High-pressure compressed gas of appropriate pressure is introduced into the first air inlet 2. The nature and type of gas depend on the working conditions required for the operating position; for example, argon can be introduced if an inert atmosphere protection is required. The airflow is evenly ejected through the first air outlet 10, forming a downward-sloping annular air curtain pointing towards the axis of the laser lens 300. Upon reaching the axis, the airflow converges and impacts. Due to the design angle of the first air outlet 10, most of the airflow turns downwards, forming an inert airflow atmosphere around the molten pool at the beam working position, creating an inert barrier between the airflow and the external oxygen-containing environment. This downward second airflow 12 also serves to suppress some of the work splash byproducts from the source, reducing their splash momentum, and acts as a powerful aid to the horizontal air curtain described above.

[0059] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of this application, but do not limit the patent scope of this application. This application can be implemented in many different forms; rather, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A blow-out protection device, characterized in that, The air blowing protection device includes: A first air blowing assembly (100) is used to generate an annular air curtain at the laser lens (300). The first air blowing assembly (100) is provided with a first air outlet groove (10), which is inclined along the outer side of the laser lens (300) toward the axis of the laser lens (300). A second air blowing assembly (200) is used to generate a transverse air curtain at the laser lens (300). The second air blowing assembly (200) is disposed between the laser lens (300) and the first air blowing assembly (100). A second air outlet groove (20) is provided on the second air blowing assembly (200). The second air outlet groove (20) is inclined along the outer side of the laser lens (300) toward the axis of the laser lens (300). The annular air curtain converges at the axis of the first blowing assembly (100) and generates a first airflow (11) toward the laser lens (300) and a second airflow (12) toward the direction away from the laser lens (300). The second airflow (12) forms an airflow atmosphere covering the processing station (13).

2. The air-blowing protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclination angle of the first air outlet groove (10) is 20°-30°; and / or, The inclination angle of the second air outlet groove (20) is 10°-20°.

3. The air-blowing protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first air blowing assembly (100) includes a first exhaust component (1) and at least one first air inlet connector (2). The first exhaust component (1) is annular in shape. The first air outlet groove (10) is disposed on the first exhaust component (1). A first airflow channel (101) is disposed inside the first exhaust component (1). The first airflow channel (101) is used to connect the first air inlet connector (2) and the first air outlet groove (10).

4. The air-blowing protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first airflow channel (101) includes a first channel (3), a second channel (4) and a plurality of first connecting holes (5). The first connecting holes (5) are used to connect the first channel (3) and the second channel (4). The first channel (3) is connected to the first air inlet connector (2), and the second channel (4) is connected to the first air outlet groove (10).

5. The air-blowing protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ratio between the volume of the first channel (3) and the volume of the second channel (4) is greater than 3; and / or, The diameter of the first connecting hole (5) is 1.0-1.5 mm; and / or, The number of the first connecting holes (5) is 16-32; and / or, The length of the first connecting hole (5) is 3-5 mm; and / or, The distance between the first exhaust component (1) and the second air blowing assembly (200) is 100-120 mm; and / or, The air pressure introduced from the first air inlet connector (2) into the first airflow channel (101) is 0.1-0.5 mPa.

6. The air-blowing protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least two first air intake connectors (2) are provided, and the two first air intake connectors (2) are respectively provided on both sides of the first exhaust component (1). The first air intake connector (2) is tangent to the first exhaust component (1), or the first air intake connector (2) is perpendicular to the tangent of the first exhaust component (1).

7. The air blowing protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second air blowing assembly (200) includes a second exhaust component (6) and at least one second air inlet connector (7). The second exhaust component (6) is rectangular in shape. The second air outlet groove (20) is disposed on the second exhaust component (6). A second airflow channel (201) is disposed inside the second exhaust component (6). The second airflow channel (201) is used to connect the second air inlet connector (7) and the second air outlet groove (20).

8. The air blowing protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The length of the second air outlet groove (20) is less than or equal to the length of the second airflow channel (201); and / or, The width of the second air outlet groove (20) is 0.3-0.5 mm; and / or, The distance between the second exhaust component (6) and the laser lens (300) is 10-20 mm; and / or, The second intake connector (7) is provided in at least two forms, and the line of symmetry between the second intake connectors (7) coincides with the line of symmetry of the second exhaust component (6); and / or, The air pressure introduced from the second air inlet connector (7) into the second airflow channel (201) is 0.3-0.7 mPa.

9. The air-blowing protection device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The air blowing protection device further includes a connecting component (400), on which the first air blowing component (100) and the second air blowing component (200) are movably disposed. The connecting component (400) can adjust the distance between the second air blowing component (200) and the first air blowing component (100) and / or the laser lens (300); and / or adjust the tilt angle of the second air outlet groove (20).

10. A welding device, characterized in that, It includes: a laser system, a processing station (13) and a blow-off protection device as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the laser system includes the laser lens (300), the first blow-off assembly (100) is coaxially arranged with the laser lens (300), and the second blow-off assembly (200) is arranged on one side of the laser lens (300).

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