Electric furnace, reduction process and smelting system

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric furnace which comprises a furnace body, a first electrode assembly and a second electrode assembly. The furnace body is provided with a feed port, a slag discharge port and a discharge port, the first electrode group is arranged at the top of the furnace body, and the first electrode group comprises a plurality of first electrodes which are uniformly distributed at intervals along a circular path; the second electrode set is located on the side, away from the feeding port, of the first electrode set and comprises a plurality of second electrodes, and the second electrodes are evenly arranged at intervals along the circular path. Due to the fact that the first electrodes and the second electrodes are evenly distributed at intervals along the circular path, the high-temperature area in the furnace body can be effectively enlarged, the uniformity of temperature distribution in the furnace body is improved, and therefore the heating efficiency and the smelting efficiency are improved. The invention further discloses a reduction process and a smelting system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of pyrometallurgical technology, and particularly relates to an electric furnace, a reduction process and a smelting system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In non-ferrous metal smelting, especially pyrometallurgical smelting of copper metal, a reduction electric furnace is a key equipment. The smelting produces slag usually containing a certain amount of valuable metals, such as converter slag and flash smelting slag generated in the copper smelting process. If directly discharged, not only resources are wasted, but also environmental pollution is caused. The reduction electric furnace reduces and recovers the valuable metals (copper) in the slag through high-temperature melting and reduction reaction, reduces the metal content in the slag, and makes it reach the environmental protection discharge standard. Its working principle is to convert electric energy into heat energy to heat the slag to a molten state at 1200-1400 DEG C, and at the same time, add a reducing agent such as coke and coal to promote the valuable metals in the slag in the form of oxides or sulfides to be reduced into metal elements or alloys, and then through solid-liquid separation, form the valuable metals which can be recycled and the depleted slag which can be safely discharged or further resource utilization, improve the resource utilization rate and reduce the smelting cost.

[0003] At present, the reduction electric furnace is mainly used for processing low-copper-grade slag, and the average temperature in the furnace is controlled by overall power adjustment, which cannot realize the partitioning requirement of "front-end high-temperature reduction and rear-end stable heat preservation", and the processing of high-copper-grade slag requires precise control of furnace temperature. The electrodes in the existing reduction electric furnace are usually arranged along a straight line, which leads to a small high-temperature zone in the electric furnace and low heating and smelting efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the electrodes in the existing reduction electric furnace are arranged along a straight line, which leads to a small high-temperature zone in the electric furnace and low heating and smelting efficiency. To solve this technical problem, an electric furnace, a reduction process and a smelting system with a larger high-temperature zone and higher heating and smelting efficiency are provided.

[0005] The technical solution provided by the present application is as follows: An electric furnace, comprising: a furnace body having a feeding port, a slag discharge port and a discharging port, the feeding port and the slag discharge port being located at opposite ends of the furnace body, and the height of the feeding port being higher than that of the slag discharge port, and the height of the slag discharge port being higher than that of the discharging port; a first electrode group arranged at the top of the furnace body, the first electrode group comprising a plurality of first electrodes, and the plurality of first electrodes being uniformly and interval arranged along a circular path; a second electrode group arranged at the top of the furnace body and located on the side of the first electrode group away from the feeding port, the second electrode group comprising a plurality of second electrodes, and the plurality of second electrodes being uniformly and interval arranged along a circular path.

[0006] The raw materials, reducing agents and other materials are added into the furnace body, and then the first electrode and the second electrode are electrified to make the raw materials heat and reduce to produce slag and metals with recycling value, the slag is discharged through the slag discharge port, and the metals are discharged through the discharge port. Since the first electrode and the second electrode are uniformly and spacedly distributed along the circular path, the high-temperature zone in the furnace body can be effectively increased, and the uniformity of the temperature distribution in the furnace body is improved, thereby improving the heating and smelting efficiency.

[0007] Further, the furnace body comprises a furnace wall, a furnace top at the top of the furnace wall and a furnace bottom at the bottom of the furnace wall, the feeding port, the slag discharge port and the discharge port are located on the furnace wall, and the first electrode group and the second electrode group are located on the furnace top.

[0008] Further, the furnace wall is a vertical wall, and the furnace wall comprises an upper brick layer, a water jacket layer and a lower brick layer connected in sequence in the vertical direction, the furnace top is connected with the upper brick layer, and the furnace bottom is connected with the lower brick layer. The feeding port is located on the upper brick layer, the slag discharge port is located on the water jacket layer, and the discharge port is located on the lower brick layer.

[0009] Further, the furnace wall further comprises a cooling jacket, the cooling jacket is embedded at the top of the lower brick layer and is spaced from the inner wall of the lower brick layer, and the discharge port is located below the cooling jacket.

[0010] Further, a cooling jacket and an air cooling mechanism are further included, the cooling jacket is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, the air cooling mechanism is connected with the cooling jacket, and the air cooling mechanism can extract the gas around the furnace body and input the cooling jacket.

[0011] Further, the electrode group further comprises a plurality of electrode water cooling jackets, each of the electrode water cooling jackets corresponds to one of the electrodes, and each of the electrode water cooling jackets is arranged at the top of the furnace body and encloses a through port in communication with the inside of the furnace body, and the electrode is arranged in the through port.

[0012] Further, the electrode group further comprises a plurality of sealing structures, each of the sealing structures is arranged between the corresponding electrode and the inner wall of the through port.

[0013] Further, an elastic frame is further included, the elastic frame is arranged outside the furnace body, the elastic frame has a tendency to be retracted and pressed against the side wall of the furnace body and can be expanded outwardly under the action of an external force.

[0014] A reduction process based on the electric furnace, the reduction process comprising the steps of: S110, reduction stage: raw materials and reducing agent are added into the furnace body, and the slag temperature in the furnace body is maintained at 1350-1390℃ by the first electrode and the second electrode; S120, clarification stage: the slag temperature in the furnace body is maintained at 1290-1330℃ by the first electrode and the second electrode, and reducing agent is added; S130, discharge stage: the slag temperature in the furnace body is maintained at 1300-1350℃ by the first electrode and the second electrode, and the slag discharge port and the discharge port are opened.

[0015] A smelting system comprising the electric furnace. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate the present application and explain the principles of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation of the present application.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic top view of the electric furnace provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electric furnace along the length direction; Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electric furnace along the length direction; Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electric furnace along the length direction; Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electric furnace along the length direction; Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electric furnace along the length direction; Figure 1 A schematic view of the structure of the electrode water cooling jacket in the electric furnace.

[0018] REFERENCE NUMERALS: 110, furnace body; 111, feeding port; 112, charging port; 113, slag discharge port; 114, discharge port; 115, smoke discharge port; 116, furnace wall; 1161, upper brick layer; 1162, water jacket layer; 1163, lower brick layer; 1164, cooling jacket; 117, furnace top; 118, furnace bottom; 121, first electrode group; 122, second electrode group; 123, first electrode; 124, second electrode; 125, electrode water cooling jacket; 1251, mounting water jacket; 126, second insulation; 127, sealing structure; 131, first limiting member; 132, second limiting member; 133, first elastic structure; 134, second elastic structure; 135, third elastic structure; 136, fourth elastic structure; 137, stand column; 138, abutting column; 141, cooling jacket; 142, air cooling mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more clear and understandable, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is made below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be practiced in many different ways from what is described herein, and with many different combinations of elements, and the present application is not limited to the embodiments described herein below.

[0020] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0021] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0022] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0024] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0025] On the one hand, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this application provides an electric furnace, including a furnace body 110, a first electrode group 121, and a second electrode group 122. The first electrode group 121 and the second electrode group 122 are both disposed on the top of the furnace body 110 and are used to energize the raw materials inside the furnace body 110.

[0026] Furthermore, the furnace body 110 has a feed inlet 111, a charging inlet 112, a slag discharge inlet 113, a discharge outlet 114, a flue gas outlet 115, and an installation port. The feed inlet 111 is used to add raw materials, the charging inlet 112 is used to add solvent and reducing agent, the slag discharge inlet 113 is used to discharge slag, the discharge outlet 114 is used to discharge reduced metal, and the flue gas outlet 115 is used to discharge flue gas generated during the reduction process. The electrode assembly is located at the installation port and can pass through the installation port, so that the electrode assembly can partially enter the furnace body 110 to energize the raw materials inside the furnace body 110. Among them, the feed inlet 111 and the slag discharge inlet 113 are located at opposite ends of the furnace body 110, and the height of the feed inlet 111 is higher than that of the slag discharge inlet 113, and the height of the slag discharge inlet 113 is higher than that of the discharge outlet 114; while the charging inlet 112, the flue gas outlet 115, and the installation port are all located at the top of the furnace body 110.

[0027] Furthermore, the second electrode group 122 is located on the side of the first electrode group 121 away from the feed inlet 111; simultaneously, the first electrode group 121 includes multiple first electrodes 123, and the second electrode group 122 includes multiple second electrodes 124. The multiple first electrodes 123 and multiple second electrodes 124 are all evenly spaced along a circular path. This effectively increases the contact area between the electrodes and the raw material, increases the high-temperature zone within the furnace body 110, and improves heating and melting efficiency. In a preferred embodiment, both the first electrode group 121 and the second electrode group 122 include three or more electrodes, that is, the number of first electrodes 123 and second electrodes 124 are both three or more. Specifically... Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, there are three first electrodes 123 and three second electrodes 124.

[0028] After the raw materials, reducing agents and other materials are added into the furnace body 110, the first electrode 123 and the second electrode 124 are powered to make the raw materials heat and reduce to produce slag and metals with recycling value. The slag is discharged through the slag discharge port 113, and the metals are discharged through the discharge port 114. Since the first electrode 123 and the second electrode 124 are uniformly and spacedly distributed along the circular path, the high-temperature zone in the furnace body 110 can be effectively increased, and the uniformity of the temperature distribution in the furnace body 110 can be improved, thereby improving the heating and smelting efficiency.

[0029] In addition, the first electrode 123 is closer to the feeding port 111 than the second electrode 124. When the raw materials are added, the input power of the first electrode 123 can be controlled to be higher than that of the second electrode 124. The first electrode 123 quickly heats the raw materials, and the second electrode 124 can be used for heat preservation. In this way, by flexibly controlling the input power of the two groups of electrodes, energy consumption control and slag-metal separation can be facilitated.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In an embodiment, the electric furnace further includes an elastic frame. The elastic frame is arranged outside the furnace body 110 and has a tendency to be retracted and pressed against the side wall of the furnace body 110. The elastic frame can be expanded under the action of an external force. In this way, when the furnace body 110 expands due to heating, the elastic frame can expand with the furnace body 110, and at the same time, the elastic frame can elastically limit the expansion of the furnace body 110. This can avoid damage to the furnace body 110 caused by the expansion of the furnace body 110 being limited, and can also avoid excessive expansion of the furnace body 110 and deformation of the furnace body 110, thereby improving the reliability of the electric furnace.

[0031] Further, the elastic frame includes two groups of first limiting members 131, two groups of second limiting members 132, a first elastic structure 133, and a second elastic structure 134. The two groups of first limiting members 131 are arranged on both sides of the furnace body 110 along the length direction of the furnace body 110. The two groups of second limiting members 132 are arranged on both sides of the furnace body 110 along the width direction of the furnace body 110. The first elastic structure 133 is connected with the two groups of first limiting members 131 and is used to drive the two groups of first limiting members 131 to approach each other and press against the side wall of the furnace body 110. The second elastic structure 134 is connected with the two groups of second limiting members 132 and is used to drive the two groups of second limiting members 132 to approach each other and press against the side wall of the furnace body 110.

[0032] Further, the elastic frame further comprises two third elastic structures 135 and two fourth elastic structures 136. The first elastic structure 133 and the second elastic structure 134 are located above the furnace body 110, and the third elastic structure 135 and the fourth elastic structure 136 are fixedly connected with the platform below the furnace body 110, and the two third elastic structures 135 are respectively connected with the two groups of first limiting members 131, and the two fourth elastic structures 136 are respectively connected with the two groups of second limiting members 132, so as to drive the two groups of first limiting members 131 and the two groups of second limiting members 132 to approach each other and abut against the side wall of the furnace body 110.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 In an embodiment, each group of first limiting members 131 and each group of second limiting members 132 comprises a plurality of columns 137, and the plurality of columns 137 are arranged around the furnace body 110 in a circumferential direction. The first elastic structure 133 and the third elastic structure 135 are connected with the columns 137 on both sides of the furnace body 110 in the length direction, and the second elastic structure 134 and the fourth elastic structure 136 are connected with the columns 137 on both sides of the furnace bottom 118 in the width direction. In actual application, the side wall around the furnace body 110 is provided with a plurality of abutting columns 138, which can abut against the columns 137.

[0034] In an embodiment, the electric furnace further comprises a fixed connecting member. The fixed connecting member is connected to the middle position of the bottom of the furnace body 110, and the fixed connecting member is used to fix the furnace body 110 to the platform below the furnace body 110. In this way, the furnace body 110 can be fixed on the platform, and the expansion of the furnace body 110 will not be limited.

[0035] In an embodiment, the furnace body 110 comprises a furnace wall 116, a furnace top 117 located at the top of the furnace cavity, and a furnace bottom 118 located at the bottom of the furnace wall 116. The above-mentioned feeding port 111, the slag discharge port 113 and the discharge port 114 are located on the furnace wall 116, and the charging port 112, the smoke discharge port 115 and the mounting port are located on the furnace top 117. In addition, the abutting column 138 is located on the outside of the furnace wall 116, and the fixed connecting member is connected with the furnace bottom 118. Specifically Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, in the cross section in the width direction of the furnace body 110, the shape of the furnace body 110 is arc-shaped.

[0036] In one embodiment, the furnace wall 116 is a vertical wall, and the furnace wall 116 comprises an upper brick layer 1161, a water jacket layer 1162 and a lower brick layer 1163 connected in sequence in the vertical direction. The furnace top 117 is connected to the top of the upper brick layer 1161, and the furnace body 110 is connected to the bottom of the lower brick layer 1163. At the same time, the feeding port 111 is located in the upper brick layer 1161, the slag outlet 113 is located in the water jacket layer 1162, and the discharge port 114 is located in the lower brick layer 1163. It should be noted that the furnace wall 116 is a vertical wall, and the water jacket layer 1162 is arranged in the middle of the furnace wall 116. The water jacket layer 1162 is arranged corresponding to the slag layer, and can cool the slag layer, so that the slag iron shell can be formed at the inner wall of the water jacket layer 1162, which can protect the water jacket layer 1162, reduce the erosion of the furnace wall 116 by the material in the furnace, prolong the service life of the furnace wall 116, and make the furnace wall 116 can withstand higher reaction temperature, allowing the electric furnace to operate at higher power, improving production efficiency and metal yield.

[0037] Further, the furnace wall 116 further comprises a cooling jacket 1164. The cooling jacket 1164 is embedded in the top of the lower brick layer 1163, and the cooling jacket 1164 is arranged in the inner wall of the lower brick layer 1163. At the same time, the cooling jacket 1164 is located above the discharge port 114. It should be noted that the cooling jacket 1164 is arranged corresponding to the position of the metal and the slag, and is used to cool the top of the lower brick layer 1163. Similarly, the slag iron shell can be formed in the inner wall of the lower brick layer 1163 to reduce the erosion of the lower brick layer 1163.

[0038] It should be explained that in the electric furnace, the temperature of the slag is higher than that of the lower metal, and the slag floats above the metal melt, and also impacts the inner wall of the furnace wall 116 during the floating process, so that the position corresponding to the slag in the furnace wall 116 is easily eroded. The above embodiment can reduce the erosion of the furnace wall 116 by arranging the water jacket layer 1162 and the cooling jacket 1164, and prolong the service life of the furnace wall 116.

[0039] In addition, in actual application, the water jacket layer 1162 and the cooling jacket 1164 are formed by splicing a plurality of copper water jackets. For the water jacket layer 1162, the two surfaces of the adjacent two copper water jackets facing each other are respectively provided with step structures capable of being nested with each other, and the step structures are arranged in the inner and outer directions of the furnace wall 116. In this way, after the copper water jackets are spliced to form the water jacket layer 1162, the contact surfaces between the adjacent two copper water jackets are arranged in a zigzag manner in the inner and outer directions of the furnace cavity to improve the sealing performance.

[0040] In one embodiment, the first electrode group 121 and the second electrode group 122 each further comprises a plurality of electrode water cooling jackets 125. The plurality of electrode water cooling jackets 125 correspond to the plurality of electrodes (the first electrodes 123 or the second electrodes 124) one-to-one, and each electrode water cooling jacket 125 is arranged at the top of the furnace body 110. Each electrode water cooling jacket 125 corresponds to a mounting port and encloses a through port in communication with the inside of the furnace body 110. The electrode is arranged through the through port to extend into the furnace body 110 through the through port. In this way, the electrode water cooling jacket 125 can avoid heat transfer along the electrode to the furnace roof 117 or the outside.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 4 Further, each electrode water cooling jacket 125 comprises a plurality of mounting water jackets 1251 arranged around the mounting port to enclose a through port coaxial with the mounting port. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 The through port is enclosed by four mounting water jackets 1251.

[0042] In one embodiment, the first electrode group 121 and the second electrode group 122 each further comprises a plurality of first insulating members and a plurality of second insulating members 126. Each first insulating member is arranged between the furnace body 110 and a corresponding electrode water cooling jacket 125, and each second insulating member 126 is arranged between adjacent mounting water jackets 1251. In this way, the electrode water cooling jacket 125 can be isolated from the furnace roof 117, and the mounting water jacket 1251 can be isolated from each other, which can prevent current diversion and ensure efficient and safe input of electrical energy into the reaction zone in the furnace body 110.

[0043] In one embodiment, the first electrode group 121 and the second electrode group 122 each further comprises a plurality of sealing structures 127. Each sealing structure 127 is arranged between a corresponding electrode and the inner wall of the through port to seal the gap between the through port and the electrode, thereby preventing smoke leakage.

[0044] It should be noted that the first insulating member and the second insulating member 126 described above can be made of mica, mica composite material, special ceramic, etc. The sealing structure 127 can be made of ceramic fiber or other soft materials that can withstand high temperatures.

[0045] In one embodiment, the electric furnace further comprises a cooling assembly. The cooling assembly is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 110, specifically on the outer side of the furnace bottom 118, for cooling the furnace bottom 118, strengthening the anti-permeability of the furnace bottom 118, improving the corrosion resistance of the furnace bottom 118, and prolonging the service life of the furnace body 110.

[0046] Further, the cooling assembly comprises a cooling jacket 141 and a forced air cooling mechanism 142. The cooling jacket 141 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 110 and is attached to the outer side of the furnace bottom 118. The forced air cooling mechanism 142 is connected to the cooling jacket 141 and can extract air around the furnace body 110 and input the air into the cooling jacket 141 to cool the furnace body 110 by forced air cooling.

[0047] It should be noted that the cooling jacket 141 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The forced air cooling mechanism 142 is connected to the air inlet to extract cold air around the furnace body 110 and input the cold air into the cooling jacket 141. The cold air exchanges heat with the furnace bottom 118 in the cooling jacket 141 to become hot air, and the hot air is output through the air outlet. Preferably, the air outlet can be connected to a heat exchange device. After the hot air is input into the heat exchange device, the hot air exchanges heat with the raw material in the heat exchange device to preheat the raw material. In this way, the furnace bottom 118 can be cooled to prolong the service life of the furnace body 110, and heat can be recycled to reduce energy consumption.

[0048] In addition, the forced air cooling mechanism 142 described above can be a fan cooperating with a pipeline. The fan guides the cold air around the furnace body 110 to enter the cooling jacket 141 through the pipeline. This structure is relatively conventional and will not be described here.

[0049] Based on the electric furnace in the above embodiment, the application further provides a reduction process, comprising the steps of: S110, reduction stage: adding raw materials (copper-containing materials) and reducing agents (coal blocks and / or coke) into the furnace body 110, and maintaining the temperature of the slag in the furnace body 110 at 1350-1390°C through the first electrode 123 and the second electrode 124; S120, clarification stage: maintaining the temperature of the slag in the furnace body 110 at 1290-1330°C through the first electrode 123 and the second electrode 124, and adding reducing agents; S130, discharge stage: maintaining the temperature of the slag in the furnace body 110 at 1300-1350°C through the first electrode 123 and the second electrode 124, and opening the slag discharge port 113 and the discharge port 114.

[0050] Specifically, in S110, the amount of the reducing agent added is 60%-70% of the total amount of the reducing agent. Before the raw materials and the reducing agent are added, the input power of the first electrode 123 is increased to rapidly heat the added raw materials. During the feeding process, the temperature of the slag is maintained at about 1380°C by controlling the input power of the first electrode 123 and the second electrode 124. In addition, as shown in Figure 1 the number of the feeding ports 112 is multiple. During the feeding process, the reducing agent can be added through the feeding port 112 close to the feeding port 111 so that the reducing agent flows with the added raw materials to uniformly mix the reducing agent and the raw materials and accelerate the reduction efficiency.

[0051] In S120, the input power of the first electrode 123 and the second electrode 124 is reduced, the temperature of the slag is maintained at about 1300℃, and the remaining 30%-40% of the reducing agent is uniformly dispersed and fed through the feeding port 112, so as to ensure that the copper oxides in the raw materials are deeply reduced.

[0052] In S130, the input power of the first electrode 123 and the second electrode 124 is adjusted, the temperature of the slag is maintained at about 1340℃, and then the discharge port 114 and the slag discharge port 113 are opened, the crude copper is discharged through the discharge port 114, and the slag is discharged through the slag discharge port 113.

[0053] The above is the electric furnace and the reduction process based on the electric furnace, and on the other hand, the present application also provides a smelting system, which comprises the electric furnace.

[0054] Further, the smelting system further comprises a heat exchange device and a flue gas treatment device. The heat exchange device is connected with the gas outlet of the cooling jacket 141, and the flue gas treatment device is connected with the flue gas discharge port 115 of the furnace body 110, and is used for treating the flue gas.

[0055] Specifically, the flue gas treatment device can convert carbon monoxide in the flue gas into carbon dioxide by combustion, and then cool and dust the carbon dioxide, and then discharge the qualified gas.

[0056] In summary, the electric furnace, the reduction process and the smelting system provided by the present application have at least one of the following advantages: 1. The first electrode group 121 and the second electrode group 122 are arranged along the length direction of the furnace body 110, and the first electrode 123 and the second electrode 124 are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the circular path, which can effectively increase the high-temperature zone in the furnace body 110, improve the uniformity of the temperature distribution in the furnace body 110, and thus improve the heating and smelting efficiency; 2. The elastic frame is arranged outside the furnace bottom 118, which is used for elastically limiting the furnace body 110 when the furnace body 110 is heated and expanded, so as to allow the furnace body 110 to expand to a certain extent to avoid damage due to the inability to expand, and also to avoid excessive expansion and deformation of the furnace body 110; 3. The water jacket layer 1162 and the cooling jacket 1164 are arranged in the middle of the furnace wall 116, which can reduce the erosion of the furnace wall 116 by the materials in the furnace, prolong the service life of the furnace wall 116, and enable the furnace wall 116 to withstand higher reaction temperature, thereby improving the production efficiency and metal yield; 4. The electrode is provided with an electrode water cooling jacket 125, and the electrode water cooling jacket 125 is provided with a first insulating part between the electrode water cooling jacket 125 and the furnace body 110, and the electrode water cooling jacket 125 is provided with a second insulating part 126 between the installation water jacket 1251, which can not only avoid the heat transfer along the electrode to the furnace top 117 or the outside, but also prevent the current shunting of the first electrode 123, and ensure the efficient and safe input of electric energy into the reaction zone in the furnace body 110; 5. The bottom of the furnace body 110 is provided with a cooling assembly, which cools the furnace bottom 118, strengthens the anti-permeability of the furnace bottom 118, improves the corrosion resistance of the furnace bottom 118, and prolongs the service life of the furnace body 110.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electric furnace, characterized in that, include: The furnace body has a feed inlet, a slag discharge outlet and a discharge outlet. The feed inlet and the slag discharge outlet are located at opposite ends of the furnace body, and the height of the feed inlet is higher than that of the slag discharge outlet, and the height of the slag discharge outlet is higher than that of the discharge outlet. A first electrode group is disposed on the top of the furnace body. The first electrode group includes a plurality of first electrodes, which are evenly spaced along a circular path. The second electrode group is disposed on the top of the furnace body and located on the side of the first electrode group away from the feed inlet. The second electrode group includes a plurality of second electrodes, which are evenly spaced along a circular path.

2. The electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body includes a furnace wall, a furnace top located at the top of the furnace wall, and a furnace bottom located at the bottom of the furnace wall. The feed inlet, the slag discharge outlet, and the discharge outlet are all located on the furnace wall. The first electrode group and the second electrode group are both located on the furnace top.

3. The electric furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The furnace wall is a vertical wall, and the furnace wall includes an upper brick layer, a water jacket layer and a lower brick layer connected in sequence along the vertical direction. The furnace top is connected to the upper brick layer and the furnace bottom is connected to the lower brick layer. The feed inlet is located in the upper brick layer, the slag outlet is located in the water jacket layer, and the discharge outlet is located in the lower brick layer.

4. The electric furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The furnace wall also includes a cooling jacket, which is embedded in the top of the lower brick layer and spaced apart from the inner wall of the lower brick layer. The discharge port is located below the cooling jacket.

5. The electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cooling jacket and an air-cooling mechanism. The cooling jacket is located at the bottom of the furnace body, and the air-cooling mechanism is connected to the cooling jacket. The air-cooling mechanism can draw gas from around the furnace body and input it into the cooling jacket.

6. The electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode assembly also includes multiple sets of electrode water-cooling jackets, each set of electrode water-cooling jackets corresponding to a plurality of electrodes, and each set of electrode water-cooling jackets is disposed on the top of the furnace body and surrounds to form a through opening communicating with the interior of the furnace body, through which the electrodes pass.

7. The electric furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, The electrode assembly also includes multiple sealing structures, each of which is disposed between a corresponding electrode and the inner wall of the through-hole.

8. The electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an elastic frame, which is disposed on the outside of the furnace body. The elastic frame has a tendency to retract inward and press against the side wall of the furnace body, and can expand outward under the action of external force.

9. A reduction process, characterized in that, Based on the electric furnace according to any one of claims 1-8, the reduction process includes the following steps: S110, reduction stage: raw materials and reducing agents are added into the furnace body, and the slag temperature in the furnace body is maintained at 1350-1390℃ through the first electrode and the second electrode. S120, clarification stage: The slag temperature inside the furnace is maintained at 1290-1330℃ through the first and second electrodes, and a reducing agent is added; S130, Discharge Stage: The temperature of the slag in the furnace body is maintained at 1300-1350℃ through the first and second electrodes, and the slag discharge port and the discharge port are opened.

10. A smelting system, characterized in that, Includes the electric furnace as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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