Building floor surveying and setting-out method

Abstract

The invention relates to a building floor surveying and setting-out method, which comprises the following steps of: setting out on the first floor of a building, and obtaining a plurality of control point positions through a total station; on the second floor of the building, multiple paying-off holes are formed according to the multiple control point positions obtained on the first floor; the total station is used for conducting paying-off work at the multiple paying-off holes; providing a reflector plate, matching the reflector plate with the total station, and measuring on a second floor; and repeating the operation until all floors in the building are measured. According to the building floor surveying and setting-out method, the total station is matched with the reflector plate for measurement, so that the influence of obstacles in the floor can be reduced, the setting-out precision is improved, the working efficiency is improved, the reworking possibility is effectively reduced, and the reworking cost caused by setting-out errors is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and specifically to a method for measuring and setting out building floors. Background Technology

[0002] With social development and the increasing demands on building structures for work and life, as well as the continuous improvement of modern architectural design, building structures are becoming increasingly diversified, technologically advanced, and three-dimensional. Therefore, during construction surveying, we often encounter buildings with complex plan and elevation designs, such as irregularly shaped buildings like arcs and ellipses, especially large public buildings like stadiums and exhibition halls, which often employ arc or elliptical designs. The construction layout for this type of building is more complex than for simple geometric shapes like rectangles and circles, requiring various surveying and layout methods, some of which are cumbersome and difficult to guarantee in terms of accuracy.

[0003] Traditional methods of marking lines with a steel ruler can be challenging due to obstacles such as reinforcing bars, formwork, steel pipes, and fasteners on the floors, affecting the measuring distance and requiring the clearing of these material obstructions from the measurement path. This adds difficulty to construction layout and can impact the construction schedule. In building construction, significant errors in the layout may necessitate the demolition and reconstruction of existing sections, wasting considerable manpower, resources, and time, and potentially affecting the entire project's progress. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for measuring and setting out building floors, which solves the problems of difficulty in existing building floor setting-out measurement technology and difficulty in guaranteeing the accuracy of setting out.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the above objective is: a method for measuring and setting out building floors, comprising the following steps: setting out lines on the first floor of the building and obtaining multiple control points using a total station; setting out multiple setting-out holes on the second floor of the building based on the multiple control points obtained on the first floor; performing setting-out work at the multiple setting-out holes using the total station; providing a reflector and cooperating with the total station to perform measurements on the second floor; repeating the above operations until the measurements of all floors in the building are completed.

[0006] In the method for measuring and setting out building floors according to the present invention, the use of a total station in conjunction with a reflector can reduce the influence of obstacles within the floor, improve the accuracy of setting out, increase work efficiency, effectively reduce the possibility of rework, and reduce rework costs caused by setting out errors.

[0007] A further improvement of the method for measuring and setting out building floors in this invention is that setting out the floors on the first floor of the building and obtaining multiple control points using a total station includes: providing known control point coordinates to obtain an on-site control network.

[0008] A further improvement of the method for measuring and setting out building floors according to the present invention is that the setting out on the first floor of the building and obtaining multiple control points using a total station further includes: using the total station to set out and obtain a first control point, a second control point, and a third control point.

[0009] A further improvement of the method for measuring and setting out building floors according to the present invention is that, on the second floor of the building, setting out multiple setting-out holes based on multiple control points obtained from the first floor includes: constructing a first setting-out hole, a second setting-out hole, and a third setting-out hole based on the first control point, the second control point, and the third control point.

[0010] A further improvement of the method for measuring and setting out building floors according to the present invention is that, before setting out the floors at the plurality of setting-out holes using the total station, the method includes: setting up axes on the second floor and forming a custom coordinate system by the horizontal and vertical intersection of the axes.

[0011] A further improvement of the method for measuring and setting out building floors according to the present invention is that the setting out work using the total station at the plurality of setting-out holes includes: setting the total station at the second setting-out hole and setting the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse axes of the location of the second setting-out hole as the origin of the station coordinates; taking the connecting axis between the second setting-out hole and the first setting-out hole as the X-axis; and taking the connecting axis between the second setting-out hole and the third setting-out hole as the Y-axis.

[0012] A further improvement of the method for measuring and setting out building floors according to the present invention is that, in the step of setting out the floors using the total station at the plurality of setting-out holes, the method further includes: setting the angle between the X-axis and the Y-axis to 90°.

[0013] A further improvement of the method for measuring and setting out building floors according to the present invention is that, in the step of setting out the floors using the total station at the plurality of setting-out holes, the method further includes: setting the direction of the X-axis to due north and setting the direction of the Y-axis to due east.

[0014] A further improvement of the method for measuring and setting out building floors according to the present invention is that the step of providing a reflector and cooperating with the total station to perform measurement on the second floor includes: moving the reflector, aligning the total station with the reflector and marking it; and obtaining the coordinates of the marked point according to the custom coordinate system.

[0015] A further improvement of the method for measuring and setting out building floors according to the present invention is that, in addition to providing a reflector and cooperating the reflector with the total station to measure on the second floor, the method further includes: connecting the two marked points to obtain the target axis. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring and setting out building floors according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating step S110 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is another flowchart illustrating step S110 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating step S120 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the process before step S130 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a top view of the custom coordinate system used in the construction of this invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating step S130 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is another flowchart illustrating step S130 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is another flowchart illustrating step S130 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating step S140 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 This is another schematic diagram of step S140 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] See Figure 1 This document illustrates a flowchart of a method for measuring and setting out building floors according to the present invention. The present invention provides a method for measuring and setting out building floors, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Perform step S110: Lay out the lines on the first floor of the building and obtain multiple control points using a total station.

[0030] During the layout of the first floor, the total station should be positioned to ensure a wide field of view, good visibility, and ease of operation for construction personnel, so as to ensure that all control points and layout points can be observed. The layout of each floor involves marking the floor plan with horizontal coordinates, which allows for the location of building axes, frame columns, and feature points. Accurate layout is then performed using the total station starting from the first floor, providing accurate basic control points for subsequent floor layout construction. Next, step S120 is executed.

[0031] Execution step S120: On the second floor of the building, set up multiple laying holes based on the multiple control points obtained from the first floor.

[0032] The number of holes for laying out the lines is set according to the actual construction needs and is not specifically limited here. Next, step S130 is executed.

[0033] Step S130: Use a total station to lay out the lines at multiple laying holes.

[0034] When using a total station, it is necessary to level the instrument, ensure a wide field of view, and guarantee the accuracy and stability of the total station to ensure the precision of the values. Measure the instrument height and input it accurately. The instrument height measurement is related to subsequent elevation calculations and can improve data accuracy. Then, proceed to step S140.

[0035] Perform step S140: Provide a reflector, connect the reflector to the total station, and take measurements on the second floor.

[0036] Among them, when using reflective sheets to assist construction, it is necessary to avoid strong light environments. When constructing at night, a flashlight can be used to assist in positioning. Then, step S150 is executed.

[0037] Perform step S150: Repeat the above operation until the measurement of all floors in the building is completed.

[0038] In the actual layout construction process, the coordinates of the points to be laid out can be input into the total station based on the coordinate data on the architectural design drawings. The total station will calculate the angle and distance that the instrument needs to rotate based on the current station coordinates, backsight direction and input layout point coordinates. The operator moves the reflector to the corresponding position according to the instructions of the total station, thereby completing the layout work of each point.

[0039] In this embodiment, the total station needs to be verified before use. During the verification process, the measured coordinates are compared and analyzed with the known control point coordinates. If the deviation between the two is within the error range, it indicates that the station data is accurate and reliable, and the subsequent layout work can continue. If the deviation exceeds the error range, it is necessary to re-check the instrument settings, centering and leveling, and whether the coordinate input is correct, find the problem and correct it until the accuracy requirements are met.

[0040] See Figure 2 The diagram shows a flowchart of step S110 of the present invention. The present invention provides a method for measuring and setting out building floors, wherein step S110 includes:

[0041] Step S111: Provide the known coordinates of the control points to obtain the field control network.

[0042] The coordinates of known control points were calculated by combining preliminary surveys with architectural design drawings.

[0043] See Figure 3 This diagram illustrates another step S110 of the present invention. The present invention provides a method for measuring and setting out building floors, wherein step S110 further includes:

[0044] Execute step S112: Use a total station to lay out the first control point, the second control point, and the third control point.

[0045] The obtained first, second, and third control points can establish a standardized coordinate system, reducing the impact of human experience differences on the measurement results and making the measurement work more reproducible and stable.

[0046] See Figure 4 The diagram shows a flowchart of step S120 of the present invention. The present invention provides a method for measuring and setting out building floors, wherein step S120 includes:

[0047] Execution step S121: Based on the first control point, the second control point, and the third control point, construct the first, second, and third layout holes.

[0048] The use of the first, second, and third surveying holes makes total station surveying easier and improves the accuracy of axis division.

[0049] See Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 This shows a flowchart before step S130 of the present invention. Figure 6This shows a top view of the custom coordinate system used in construction according to the present invention. The present invention provides a method for measuring and setting out building floors, including the following steps before step S130:

[0050] Step S1301: Set up axes on the second floor and form a custom coordinate system by the intersection of the axes.

[0051] In particular, by setting up a standardized coordinate system, the impact of differences in human experience on measurement results is reduced, making the measurement work more reproducible and stable.

[0052] See Figure 7 The diagram shows a flowchart of step S130 of the present invention. The present invention provides a method for measuring and setting out building floors, wherein step S130 includes:

[0053] Execute step S131: Set up a total station at the second survey hole and set the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse axes at the location of the second survey hole as the origin of the station coordinates.

[0054] At the second survey hole, the station coordinates (0, 0) are entered. This coordinate setting is to establish a relative measurement coordinate system to facilitate subsequent angle and distance measurements. Then, step S132 is executed.

[0055] Execute step S132: Take the connection axis between the second and first wire-laying holes as the X-axis.

[0056] Among them, taking the projection point at the first laying hole as the backsight direction, and inputting 0° on the total station for angle orientation, this step determines the starting direction of the measurement and is the key orientation link in the entire laying process. Then, step S133 is executed.

[0057] Execute step S133: Take the connection axis between the second and third wire laying holes as the Y-axis.

[0058] After the backsight operation is completed, rotate the total station and aim it at the third survey hole to project the point. During the rotation, operate slowly and smoothly to avoid errors caused by improper operation. At this time, observe the azimuth displayed on the total station screen. When the azimuth is infinitely close to 90°, it indicates that the orientation and measurement preparation work of the total station has been completed.

[0059] See Figure 8 This diagram illustrates another flow chart of step S130 of the present invention. The present invention provides a method for measuring and setting out building floors, wherein step S130 further includes:

[0060] Execute step S134: Set the angle between the X-axis and the Y-axis to 90°.

[0061] The X-axis and Y-axis are the reference axes of the custom coordinate system.

[0062] See Figure 9 This diagram illustrates another flow chart of step S130 of the present invention. The present invention provides a method for measuring and setting out building floors, wherein step S130 further includes:

[0063] Execute step S135: Set the X-axis direction to due north and the Y-axis direction to due east.

[0064] The X and Y axes indicate directions to facilitate positioning by comparing with architectural construction drawings.

[0065] See Figure 10 The diagram shows a flowchart of step S140 of the present invention. The present invention provides a method for measuring and setting out building floors, wherein step S140 includes:

[0066] Perform step S141: Move the reflector, align the total station with the reflector and mark it, then perform step S142.

[0067] Execute step S142: Obtain the coordinates of the marked point according to the custom coordinate system.

[0068] The measurement work is carried out using the reflector mode of the total station. Move the reflector and aim the total station at the bottom of the crosshair mark on the reflector, about 1~2mm above the ground, until the Y-axis reading of the total station is 18.000m, then the mark can be made.

[0069] See Figure 11 This illustrates another flowchart of step S140 of the present invention. The present invention provides a method for measuring and setting out building floors, wherein step S140 further includes:

[0070] Execute step S143: Connect the two marked points to obtain the target axis.

[0071] In this embodiment, the total station's reflector mode is used for measurement. To lay out any axis, such as the D-axis, simply move the reflector. Aim the total station at the bottom of the crosshairs on the reflector, approximately 1-2 mm above the ground, until the Y-axis reading on the total station reaches 18.000 m. Move the reflector approximately the desired length to the left or right. Similarly, use the reflector to find a second point. Then, use the ink line to mark these two points to establish the D-axis. Likewise, the corresponding digital axis can be laid out based on the X-axis value.

[0072] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the present invention based on the above description. Therefore, certain details in the embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention shall be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for measuring and setting out building floors, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Lay out the lines on the first floor of the building and obtain multiple control points using a total station; On the second floor of the building, multiple cable-laying holes are set according to the multiple control points obtained from the first floor; The total station was used to lay out the lines at the multiple laying holes. A reflector is provided, and the reflector is used in conjunction with the total station to perform measurements on the second floor. Repeat the above steps until all floors of the building have been measured.

2. The method for measuring and setting out building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of laying out the lines on the first floor of the building and obtaining multiple control points using a total station includes: Given the known coordinates of the control points, the field control network can be obtained.

3. The method for measuring and setting out building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of laying out lines on the first floor of the building and obtaining multiple control points using a total station also includes: The first control point, the second control point, and the third control point were obtained by setting out using the total station.

4. The method for measuring and setting out building floors according to claim 3, characterized in that, On the second floor of the building, setting up multiple cable-laying holes based on the multiple control points obtained from the first floor includes: The first, second, and third laying-out holes are constructed based on the first, second, and third control points.

5. The method for measuring and setting out building floors according to claim 4, characterized in that, Before performing the stringing work with the total station at the multiple stringing holes, the following steps are included: An axis is set on the second floor, and a custom coordinate system is formed by the intersection of the axes.

6. The method for measuring and setting out building floors according to claim 5, characterized in that, The setting-out work using the total station at the multiple setting-out holes includes: The total station is set up at the second survey hole, and the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse axes at the location of the second survey hole is set as the origin of the station coordinates; The X-axis is defined by the axis connecting the second and first wire-laying holes. The Y-axis is defined by the connecting axis between the second and third wire-laying holes.

7. The method for measuring and setting out building floors according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of using the total station to perform the stringing work at multiple stringing holes also includes: The angle between the X-axis and the Y-axis is set to 90°.

8. The method for measuring and setting out building floors according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of using the total station to perform the stringing work at multiple stringing holes also includes: Set the X-axis to due north and the Y-axis to due east.

9. The method for measuring and setting out building floors according to claim 5, characterized in that, The provision of a reflector, and the use of the reflector in conjunction with the total station for measurement on the second floor, includes: Move the reflector to align the total station with the reflector and mark it; The coordinates of the marked points are obtained based on the custom coordinate system.

10. The method for measuring and setting out building floors according to claim 9, characterized in that, The provision of a reflector, and the use of the reflector in conjunction with the total station for measurement on the second floor, further includes: Connecting the two marked points yields the target axis.

Images