Permeable breakwater and design method thereof
By establishing a wave-structure-foundation coupling model, the problem of insufficient multi-physics coupling in traditional design methods is solved, enabling high-precision design of permeable breakwaters and ensuring structural safety and economy.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511840180.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
AI Technical Summary
Traditional open-face breakwater design methods have failed to establish effective multi-physics coupled simulation models, resulting in insufficient simulation of the dynamic interaction between waves, structures, and foundations, large design errors, and inaccurate calculation of key mechanical parameters.
By establishing a wave-structure-foundation coupled model and integrating soil characteristic parameters, the dynamic interaction between wave load and structural response is simulated. Data verification and iterative testing are used to improve the model accuracy. The optimal parameters are evaluated by combining structural safety, economy and wave transmission index.
It achieves higher accuracy in environmental coupling and structural stress prediction, improves the adaptability and robustness of the design method, and ensures the best balance between safety, economy and function.
Smart Images
Figure CN121580911A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of open-face breakwater technology, and more particularly to an open-face breakwater and its design method. Background Technology
[0002] A permeable breakwater is a marine engineering structure composed of pile foundations, beams, and wave-damping plates. Its key feature is that it allows some water flow and waves to pass through the structural gaps, rather than completely blocking them like traditional solid breakwaters. This structural form effectively reduces wave energy behind the breakwater while better maintaining water exchange capacity, playing a positive role in mitigating harbor basin siltation and protecting the original marine hydrological and ecological environment. It is particularly suitable for sea areas with high water quality requirements. With the continuous development of marine resources into deep-sea areas and increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, permeable breakwaters, due to their environmental friendliness and strong adaptability to water depth, have shown broad application prospects in port and waterway engineering, coastal protection, and offshore wind power projects. Optimizing its structural form and layout to achieve a balance between efficient wave dissipation, structural safety, and economic cost has become an important development direction in this technological field.
[0003] However, traditional methods typically treat waves, structures, and foundations as relatively independent analytical objects, failing to establish effective multiphysics coupled simulation models. This segmented analytical framework is insufficient in simulating the dynamic interaction mechanisms among waves, structures, and foundations, leading to discrepancies between the design model's environment and actual environmental conditions. Particularly in marine areas with complex wave spectrum characteristics or unique foundation soil conditions, this simplified analysis method further amplifies design errors, causing significant deviations between predicted wave dissipation performance and structural safety and actual working conditions. Secondly, due to the lack of an accurate environmental coupling model, traditional methods fail to accurately grasp the transmission path and action mechanism of wave loads, resulting in discrepancies between the calculated results of key mechanical parameters such as wave force on piles, baffle stress, and foundation bending moment and the actual stress conditions.
[0004] Therefore, developing a design method for permeable breakwaters with higher precision and accuracy is essential for the development of permeable breakwaters. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a permeable breakwater and its design method to overcome the problems of insufficient coupling accuracy between the design method and the surrounding environment and insufficient accuracy in predicting the stress on the structure in the prior art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a design method for a permeable breakwater, comprising: Step S1: Obtain the hydrological and soil characteristics of the target environment; Step S2: Construct a wave flume model based on hydrological characteristics. The wave flume model contains a breakwater model and a wave generating device. Step S3: The wave generator outputs waves. By simulating the interaction between the waves and the breakwater model, and adjusting the structural parameters of the breakwater model, the wave transmission coefficient and structural stress data under different combinations of structural parameters are determined. Step S4: Based on structural stress data, environmental soil characteristics, and wave transmission coefficient, establish a wave-structure-foundation coupling model. Step S5: Simulate different combinations of structural parameters based on the wave-structure-foundation coupling model to obtain simulation results corresponding to different combinations of structural parameters. When the simulation results do not meet the target requirements, repeat steps S2-S5 until the simulation results that meet the target requirements are selected. Determine the corresponding final combination of structural parameters based on the simulation results that meet the target requirements. Step S6: Establish a permeable breakwater model based on the final combination of structural parameters.
[0007] Furthermore, methods for constructing wave flume models based on hydrological characteristics include: Step S21: Perform integrity verification and physical rationality judgment on hydrological characteristics, and identify and mark abnormal data. Step S22: Remove the marked abnormal data according to the preset removal ratio; Step S23: Establish a wave flume model based on the removed hydrological features, and test the error rate of the wave flume model. Step S24: If the error rate exceeds the allowable range, reduce the preset rejection ratio until the error rate is within the allowable range.
[0008] Furthermore, the construction of the breakwater model includes: Obtain several reference data sets of existing permeable breakwaters. Each reference data set includes environmental hydrological parameters, environmental soil parameters, and corresponding reference structural parameters. If the error rate is matched with the hydrological characteristics of the target environment, the soil characteristics, and the corresponding parameters of each reference data group; When the matching degree is higher than the preset threshold, the corresponding reference structure parameter combination is output; A breakwater model was established based on a combination of reference structural parameters.
[0009] Furthermore, wave transmission coefficients and structural stress data under different combinations of structural parameters were determined, including: Step S31: Extract similar structural parameters from the breakwater model and divide them into single sets of structural parameters; Step S32: Establish a structural parameter simulation matrix based on each set of structural parameters, and execute all working conditions in the simulation matrix; Step S33: Extract the wave transmission coefficient and structural stress data under wave action corresponding to the structural parameter set.
[0010] Furthermore, the structural parameters include at least one or more of the following: pile diameter, pile spacing, baffle elevation, or baffle width.
[0011] Furthermore, based on structural stress data, environmental soil characteristics, and wave transmission coefficients, a wave-structure-foundation coupled model is established, including: Step S41: Perform mechanical property analysis based on structural stress data and environmental soil characteristics; Step S42: Perform structural stress analysis based on structural stress data and wave transmission coefficient; Step S43: Establish a wave-structure-foundation coupled model based on the results of mechanical property analysis and structural stress analysis.
[0012] Furthermore, simulations of different combinations of structural parameters were performed based on a wave-structure-foundation coupled model, including: Step S51: Based on the wave-structure-foundation coupling model, traverse the structural parameters in a single set of structural parameters; Step S52: Compare and analyze the simulation results with the target requirements; Step S53: Output the structural parameters that meet the target requirements in the current group, and traverse the next set of structural parameters until each set of structural parameters has been traversed.
[0013] Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted based on the simulation results and the target requirements, including: If none of the structural parameters in a single set of structural parameters meet the target requirements, then increase the number of reference data sets acquired in step S2. If a single set of structural parameters has multiple simulation results that meet the target requirements, then based on the evaluation of the preset comprehensive index, an optimal structural parameter is determined from all structural parameters that meet the target requirements. If a single set of structural parameters has a unique simulation result that satisfies the target requirements, then that structural parameter set is determined as the final combination of structural parameters.
[0014] Furthermore, the preset comprehensive indices include structural safety index, economic index, and wave transmission index.
[0015] This invention also provides a permeable breakwater, the structural parameters of which are determined using a permeable breakwater design method, including: A pile foundation structure is used to transfer wave loads to the foundation soil. A pile foundation structure consists of multiple piles arranged according to an optimized pile diameter and pile spacing. The baffle structure, connected to the pile foundation structure, is used to dissipate wave energy and control wave transmission, including a main baffle set at the normal water level and an auxiliary baffle set at the high water level.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Firstly, this invention establishes a wave-structure-foundation coupling model, deeply integrates soil characteristic parameters, restores the collaborative working mechanism of the foundation and pile foundation, simulates the dynamic interaction between wave load and structural response, and accurately simulates the energy dissipation process of waves in open structures, thereby improving the accuracy of environmental coupling and the accuracy of structural stress prediction.
[0017] Secondly, this invention addresses the noise and outliers present in the original hydrological data by employing a data preprocessing process involving data verification, outlier marking, proportional removal, and iterative testing. This improves the accuracy of the established model and further enhances the environmental coupling accuracy of the design method.
[0018] Third, through conditional judgment and decision-making processes, when no solution can be found in the current knowledge base, the present invention obtains new feasible structural parameters by expanding the database and restarts the optimization loop, thereby enhancing the adaptability and robustness of the breakwater design method in the face of complex and novel environments.
[0019] Fourth, by evaluating and determining the optimal structural parameters from three core dimensions—structural safety index, economic index, and wave transmission index—the fundamental triangular contradiction between safety, economy, and function in engineering design is improved. A scientific and quantifiable multi-objective trade-off framework is established to ensure that the final optimal parameter combination is not an extreme performance in a single indicator, but a comprehensive optimal solution that achieves the best balance between safety, cost, and performance, thereby enhancing the comprehensive value and engineering practicality of the design scheme. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the design method of a permeable breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2This is a flowchart illustrating the method for constructing a two-dimensional wave flume model based on environmental hydrological characteristics in the design method of a permeable breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for determining the wave transmission coefficient and structural stress data under different combinations of structural parameters in the design method of a permeable breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a permeable breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
[0024] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a design method for a permeable breakwater, which specifically includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the hydrological and soil characteristics of the target environment; The hydrological characteristics of the target environment include wave height, wave period, wave direction, as well as the flow velocity, flow direction, and water level of different water layers.
[0025] Specifically, an acoustic Doppler current profiler was used to measure wave height, wave period, wave direction, and flow velocity and direction at different water layers. A pressure-type tide gauge is used to continuously record water level changes; Conduct continuous observations for at least one full hydrological year, such as from January 1 to December 31, 2024, to capture hydrological characteristics under seasonal and extreme weather conditions, such as typhoons and cold wave events.
[0026] Specifically, extreme hydrological characteristic parameters of low-probability events, such as typhoons and floods that occur once every 20 or 50 years, are obtained from the marine information data storage center to supplement the extreme values of the on-site observation data.
[0027] The soil characteristics of the target environment include natural moisture content, unit weight, void ratio, particle size distribution, rapid shear strength index, triaxial compression test strength parameters, compression modulus, and relative density.
[0028] Specifically, boreholes are arranged along the breakwater axis and both sides, and rotary coring technology is used to drill to a depth of no less than 5 times the pile diameter below the expected depth of the pile tip. A control borehole is drilled every 100 meters, supplemented by identification boreholes, to collect high-quality undisturbed soil samples and disturbed soil samples from different soil layers. The collected soil samples are then tested to obtain the soil characteristics parameters of the target environment.
[0029] Step S2: Construct a wave flume model based on hydrological characteristics. The wave flume model contains a breakwater model and a wave generating device. like Figure 2 As shown, the method for constructing a wave flume model based on hydrological features includes: Step S21: Perform integrity verification and physical rationality judgment on hydrological characteristics, and identify and mark abnormal data. Step S22: Remove the marked abnormal data according to the preset removal ratio; Step S23: Establish a wave flume model based on the removed hydrological features, and test the error rate of the wave flume model. Step S24: If the error rate exceeds the allowable range, reduce the preset rejection ratio until the error rate is within the allowable range.
[0030] The construction of the breakwater model includes: Obtain several reference data sets of existing permeable breakwaters. Each reference data set includes environmental hydrological parameters, environmental soil parameters, and corresponding reference structural parameters. If the error rate is matched with the hydrological characteristics of the target environment, the soil characteristics, and the corresponding parameters of each reference data group; When the matching degree is higher than the preset threshold, the corresponding reference structure parameter combination is output; A breakwater model was established based on a combination of reference structural parameters.
[0031] For example, a data reading script can be written to automatically check whether there are missing values in the data file and whether the timestamps are continuous. For instance, if the flow rate data for a certain period of time is found to be interrupted for 3 hours due to equipment failure, it can be marked.
[0032] For example, check whether all wave height and period data points conform to the general empirical range. For instance, if a set of data is found to be obviously abnormal, and the period and wave height are physically almost impossible to match, mark it.
[0033] For example, by examining bottom current velocity data, for instance, if the bottom current velocity recorded during a typhoon is found to be far beyond the normal range for that sea area, and combined with wind speed data, it is determined to be an instantaneous anomaly caused by the sensor being struck by floating objects, and is thus marked.
[0034] The elimination ratio is the ratio of abnormal data points to all data points within a fixed time period. Optionally, the range of the preset rejection ratio is [2%, 5%], and preferably, the preferred embodiment of the preset rejection ratio is 3%.
[0035] Specifically, data within a fixed time period with a rejection ratio greater than a preset rejection ratio will be removed to avoid inserting null values into the time series, which could lead to analytical distortion.
[0036] Set the allowable error rate range according to the target requirements, for example, 10%. When the error rate of the two-dimensional wave tank model exceeds the allowable range, reduce the preset rejection ratio, for example, reduce the preset rejection ratio from 3% to 2%, re-execute S22 and S23, and perform the error rate test again. Repeat this process until the error rate of the two-dimensional wave tank model is within the allowable range.
[0037] This invention effectively identifies outliers caused by equipment malfunctions and measurement errors through physical rationality judgment, and achieves a scientific balance between retaining valid data and eliminating outliers by adopting a preset rejection ratio mechanism. By comparing simulation results with measured data, it comprehensively verifies the model's predictive ability on multiple parameters such as wave height and current velocity, thereby improving the model's accuracy and reliability. It provides a universal numerical model construction framework that can be quickly adapted to different marine conditions. Through a systematic data processing and verification process, it significantly improves the model's predictive accuracy in different environments, providing reliable technical support for the cross-regional promotion and application of permeable breakwaters.
[0038] For example, a detailed reference database is constructed containing 15 existing permeable breakwater projects from both domestic and international sources. Each reference database includes: Hydrological characteristics: annual average wave height, dominant wave period, typical water depth, tidal range; Soil characteristics: main types of topsoil, average N value of topsoil, and generalized type of soil profile; Reference structural parameters: pile diameter, pile spacing, baffle elevation, and baffle width.
[0039] A multi-attribute similarity algorithm is used to calculate the percentage similarity between the target project and each reference database in various environmental features, and then perform weighted summation; among them, wave height, period and water depth have the highest weights.
[0040] Optionally, the preset matching degree threshold can be implemented in the range of [70%, 80%], and preferably, the preferred embodiment of the preset matching degree threshold is 75%.
[0041] After calculation, it was found that the matching degree of 5 reference databases was higher than the preset matching degree threshold. The reference structure parameters of these 5 reference databases were then output, and a simulated breakwater model was established based on the reference structure parameters.
[0042] Step S3: The wave generator outputs waves. By simulating the interaction between the waves and the breakwater model, and adjusting the structural parameters of the breakwater model, the wave transmission coefficient and structural stress data under different combinations of structural parameters are determined. like Figure 3 As shown, in step S3, the wave transmission coefficient and structural stress data under different combinations of structural parameters are determined, including: Step S31: Extract similar structural parameters from the breakwater model and divide them into single sets of structural parameters; Step S32: Establish a structural parameter simulation matrix based on each set of structural parameters, and execute all working conditions in the simulation matrix; Step S33: Extract the wave transmission coefficient and structural stress data under wave action corresponding to the structural parameter set.
[0043] The structural parameters include at least one or more of the following: pile diameter, pile spacing, baffle elevation, or baffle width.
[0044] For example, a similar set of structural parameters includes pile diameter, pile spacing, baffle elevation, and baffle width. For instance, pile diameter parameters from five reference databases are extracted and used as structural parameters of the simulated breakwater model to simulate the interaction between waves and the simulated breakwater model one by one, so as to output wave projection coefficients and structural stress data under different pile diameter parameter conditions; this process is repeated until all types of structural parameters are simulated.
[0045] This invention provides a data-driven intelligent initial design scheme, which shifts the design starting point from relying on personal experience to being based on successful engineering practices in similar environments. By outputting reference structural parameters with high matching degree, it provides multiple high-quality initial schemes that have been verified in practice for subsequent optimization, significantly improving the starting point quality of the optimization process. Through parameter grouping and matrix simulation, it effectively captures the interaction and coupling effects between parameters, avoiding the limitations of traditional single-factor analysis methods.
[0046] Step S4: Based on structural stress data, environmental soil characteristics, and wave transmission coefficient, establish a wave-structure-foundation coupled model, including: Step S41: Perform mechanical property analysis based on structural stress data and environmental soil characteristics; Step S42: Perform structural stress analysis based on structural stress data and wave transmission coefficient; Step S43: Establish a wave-structure-foundation coupled model based on the results of mechanical property analysis and structural stress analysis.
[0047] Specifically, the structural stress data includes pile wave force, baffle wave force, foundation bending moment, and internal forces; For example, mechanical property analysis based on structural stress data and environmental soil characteristics includes: Specifically, structural dynamics theory, such as wave force calculation and dynamic amplification factor analysis, is used to calculate the dynamic response of the structure under wave periodic loads, including the time history changes of displacement, acceleration, internal force, bending moment, and shear force, in order to obtain the maximum dynamic response value and fatigue stress spectrum of the structure, and then evaluate the strength and durability of the structure.
[0048] Specifically, the Py curve method is used to simulate the soil resistance along the pile, the Tz curve method is used to simulate the pile end resistance, and the M method is used to simulate the horizontal resistance coefficient, so as to accurately simulate the interaction between the breakwater and the foundation. Based on the loads transmitted by the superstructure, such as vertical force, horizontal force, and bending moment, the vertical bearing capacity and horizontal bearing capacity of the pile foundation are calculated and the overall stability is verified. Based on the soil compression modulus, the total settlement and differential settlement of the breakwater under service load and extreme wave load are predicted.
[0049] For example, structural stress analysis based on structural stress data and wave transmission coefficient includes: Specifically, the quantitative relationship between wave transmission coefficient and structural stress is analyzed. For example, a lower transmission coefficient usually means that the structure bears a greater wave load. The stress level of the key components of the structure is evaluated to determine whether the stress level is within the material allowable range when the target transmission coefficient is met, such as pile foundations and baffle connection nodes.
[0050] The wave transmission coefficient reflects the ability of waves to pass through a breakwater.
[0051] It is understandable that the process of establishing a wave-structure-foundation coupled model based on the results of mechanical property analysis and structural stress analysis is a conventional technique well-known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the process of establishing a wave-structure-foundation coupled model based on the results of mechanical property analysis and structural stress analysis will not be elaborated here.
[0052] In the wave-structure-foundation coupled model, wave loads act on the structure, which then transfers the loads to the foundation. The deformation and reaction forces of the foundation, in turn, affect the forces and displacements of the structure. Through numerical iterative solutions, the integrated response of the entire system under wave action is obtained. This model can be used to calculate the wave transmission coefficient, internal forces, displacements, and foundation reactions for any combination of structural parameters under given wave conditions.
[0053] This invention breaks through the limitations of traditional methods that isolate wave, structure, and foundation analysis, achieving precise coupling of multiphysics fields and significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of predictions. Furthermore, this invention can simultaneously evaluate the wave-dissipating performance and safety of a structure, providing precise decision-making basis for multi-objective optimization.
[0054] Step S5: Simulate different combinations of structural parameters based on the wave-structure-foundation coupling model to obtain simulation results corresponding to different combinations of structural parameters. When the simulation results do not meet the target requirements, repeat steps S2-S5 until the simulation results that meet the target requirements are selected. Determine the corresponding final combination of structural parameters based on the simulation results that meet the target requirements. In step S5, simulations of different combinations of structural parameters are performed based on the wave-structure-foundation coupling model, including: Step S51: Based on the wave-structure-foundation coupling model, traverse the structural parameters in a single set of structural parameters; Step S52: Compare and analyze the simulation results with the target requirements; Step S53: Output the structural parameters that meet the target requirements in the current group, and traverse the next set of structural parameters until each set of structural parameters has been traversed.
[0055] In step S52, a comparative analysis is performed based on the simulation results and the target requirements, including: If none of the structural parameters in a single set of structural parameters meet the target requirements, then increase the number of reference data sets acquired in step S2. If a single set of structural parameters has multiple simulation results that meet the target requirements, then based on the evaluation of the preset comprehensive index, an optimal structural parameter is determined from all structural parameters that meet the target requirements. If a single set of structural parameters has a unique simulation result that satisfies the target requirements, then that structural parameter set is determined as the final combination of structural parameters.
[0056] The preset comprehensive indices include structural safety index, economic index, and wave transmission index.
[0057] For example, a wave-structure-foundation coupling model is obtained from step S4, which integrates soil characteristics of the target environment, structural stress data and wave transmission coefficient. Obtain multiple sets of structural parameters from step S3, for example: Pile diameter: [0.8m, 1.0m, 1.2m] Pile spacing: [2.0m, 2.5m, 3.0m] Baffle elevation: [+1.0m, +1.5m, +2.0m] Baffle width: [1.5m, 2.0m, 2.5m] Set the weights for the optimization decision function. For example, the weight of the structural safety index is 0.4, the weight of the economic index is 0.3, and the weight of the wave transmission index is 0.3.
[0058] By traversing the single-rent structure parameter set, a wave-structure-foundation coupled model is used to simulate various indicators under different pile diameters, such as: Pile diameter 0.8m: wave transmission coefficient 0.6, structural safety index 1.8, economic index 80; Pile diameter 1.0m: wave transmission coefficient 0.45, structural safety index 2.2, economic index 100; Pile diameter 1.2m: wave transmission coefficient 0.4, structural safety index 2.5, economic index 120; Among them, the structural safety index is obtained based on structural stress data and mechanical performance simulation calculations, while the economic index is obtained based on structural parameters.
[0059] Determine whether all pile diameter data meet the target requirements. If multiple structural parameters meet the target requirements, determine the optimal structural parameter through weighted calculation. For example, if both pile diameter 1.0m and pile diameter 1.2m meet the target requirements, calculate the optimization decision function results for pile diameter 1.0m and pile diameter 1.2m, and determine pile diameter 1.2m as the optimal structural parameter. If none of the structural parameters meet the target requirements, the number of reference data sets for existing permeable breakwaters in step S31 is increased, and all the above processes are repeated until a unique optimal structural parameter is determined. For example, the 15 detailed reference databases for 15 existing permeable breakwater projects are expanded to 20, and all the above processes are repeated until it is determined that a pile diameter of 1.5m meets the target requirements, and the pile diameter of 1.5m is taken as the optimal pile diameter parameter.
[0060] Similarly, optimize different types of structural parameters until all types of structural parameters have been optimized.
[0061] This invention is based on a high-precision wave-structure-foundation coupling model. It systematically and matrix-wise traverses and simulates multiple sets of structural parameters generated in step S3, ensuring complete exploration of the parameter space. This enables precise location of the global optimal solution or near-global optimal solution, fundamentally avoiding design blind spots caused by experience limitations, and significantly improving the accuracy of the design method and the accuracy of structural stress prediction.
[0062] Furthermore, if none of the current parameters meet the target, the reference database is expanded and the optimization process is restarted. This gives the design method adaptive learning capabilities, enabling it to cope with various complex and novel environmental challenges and enhancing its robustness. If multiple feasible parameters exist, a quantitative assessment and selection are made by comprehensively considering structural safety, economy, and wave transmission indicators through a preset comprehensive index evaluation. This transforms the final solution decision from subjective, vague empirical trade-offs to objective, transparent scientific calculations, ensuring that the final selection achieves the optimal balance between safety, cost, and functionality.
[0063] Step S6: Establish a permeable breakwater model based on the final combination of structural parameters.
[0064] Example 2 like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also proposes a permeable breakwater, the structural parameters of which are determined using the permeable breakwater design method as described in any of Embodiment 1, including: A pile foundation structure is used to transfer wave loads to the foundation soil. A pile foundation structure consists of multiple piles arranged according to an optimized pile diameter and pile spacing. The baffle structure, connected to the pile foundation structure, is used to dissipate wave energy and control wave transmission, including a main baffle set at the normal water level and an auxiliary baffle set at the high water level.
[0065] For example, the pile foundation structure includes several steel column piles with a diameter of 0.8m, a wall thickness of 2cm, a length of 50m, and a pile spacing of 7m.
[0066] The open structure of this invention allows some water flow and waves to pass through, rather than completely blocking them, maintaining the exchange capacity of water inside and outside the harbor basin. This facilitates the transport of sediment with the tides, preventing the harbor basin and waterway from requiring frequent and expensive dredging operations due to sediment accumulation. Water exchange helps remove pollutants from the harbor area, avoiding the formation of stagnant water zones, thereby better maintaining the water quality of the harbor basin and playing a positive role in protecting the surrounding marine ecological environment. It does not block the migration of marine organisms and the transport of nutrients, reducing the impact on local fisheries and ecosystems.
[0067] This invention solves the engineering challenges of soft soil foundations and achieves highly intensive use of land and capital through the integrated design of dike and dock, promoting the development of modern port engineering towards efficiency, greenness, and sustainability.
[0068] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.
[0069] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0070] Example 3 An electronic device, the electronic device comprising: Processor and memory; The processor executes the steps of the permeable breakwater design method as described in any of Embodiment 1 by calling the program or instructions stored in the memory.
[0071] Example 4 A computer-readable storage medium comprising computer program instructions that cause a computer to perform the steps of the open-face breakwater design method as described in any of Embodiment 1.
[0072] The computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more readable media. A readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may be, for example, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.
[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A design method for a permeable breakwater, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the hydrological and soil characteristics of the target environment; Step S2: Construct a wave flume model based on the hydrological characteristics. The wave flume model is equipped with a breakwater model and a wave generating device. Step S3: The wave generator outputs waves, and by simulating the interaction between the waves and the breakwater model, and adjusting the structural parameters of the breakwater model, the wave transmission coefficient and structural stress data under different combinations of structural parameters are determined. Step S4: Based on structural stress data, environmental soil characteristics, and wave transmission coefficient, establish a wave-structure-foundation coupling model. Step S5: Simulate different combinations of structural parameters based on the wave-structure-foundation coupling model to obtain simulation results corresponding to different combinations of structural parameters. When none of the simulation results meet the target requirements, repeat steps S2-S5 until simulation results that meet the target requirements are selected. Determine the corresponding final combination of structural parameters based on the simulation results that meet the target requirements. Step S6: Establish a permeable breakwater model based on the final combination of structural parameters.
2. The design method for a permeable breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for constructing a wave flume model based on the hydrological features includes: Step S21: Perform integrity verification and physical rationality judgment on the hydrological features, and identify and mark abnormal data. Step S22: Remove the marked abnormal data according to the preset removal ratio; Step S23: Establish a wave flume model based on the removed hydrological features, and test the error rate of the wave flume model. Step S24: If the error rate exceeds the allowable range, reduce the preset rejection ratio until the error rate is within the allowable range.
3. The design method for a permeable breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the breakwater model includes: Acquire several sets of reference data for existing permeable breakwaters, each set of reference data including environmental hydrological parameters, environmental soil parameters, and corresponding reference structural parameters; If the error rate is used to match the hydrological characteristics of the target environment with the soil characteristics and the corresponding parameters of each reference data group; When the matching degree is higher than the preset threshold, the corresponding reference structure parameter combination is output; Based on the aforementioned combination of reference structural parameters, a breakwater model is established.
4. The design method for a permeable breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, determining the wave transmission coefficient and structural stress data under different combinations of structural parameters includes: Step S31: Extract similar structural parameters from the breakwater model and divide them into single sets of structural parameters; Step S32: Establish a structural parameter simulation matrix based on each set of structural parameters, and execute all working conditions in the simulation matrix; Step S33: Extract the wave transmission coefficient and structural stress data under wave action corresponding to the structural parameter set.
5. The design method for a permeable breakwater according to claim 4, characterized in that, The structural parameters include at least one or more of the following: pile diameter, pile spacing, baffle elevation, or baffle width.
6. The design method for a permeable breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, based on the structural stress data, environmental soil characteristics, and wave transmission coefficient, a wave-structure-foundation coupling model is established, including: Step S41: Perform mechanical property analysis based on structural stress data and environmental soil characteristics; Step S42: Perform structural stress analysis based on structural stress data and wave transmission coefficient; Step S43: Based on the results of the mechanical property analysis and structural stress analysis, establish a wave-structure-foundation coupled model.
7. The design method for a permeable breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, simulations are performed on different combinations of structural parameters based on the wave-structure-foundation coupling model, including: Step S51: Based on the wave-structure-foundation coupling model, traverse the structural parameters in a single set of structural parameters; Step S52: Compare and analyze the simulation results with the target requirements; Step S53: Output the structural parameters that meet the target requirements in the current group, and traverse the next set of structural parameters until each set of structural parameters has been traversed.
8. The design method for a permeable breakwater according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S52, the comparative analysis based on the simulation results and the target requirements includes: If none of the structural parameters in the single set of structural parameters meet the target requirements, then the number of reference data sets acquired in step S2 is increased. If there are multiple simulation results that meet the target requirements in the single set of structural parameters, then based on the evaluation of the preset comprehensive index, an optimal structural parameter is determined from all the structural parameters that meet the target requirements. If a single set of structural parameters has a unique simulation result that satisfies the target requirements, then that structural parameter set is determined as the final combination of structural parameters.
9. The design method for a permeable breakwater according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preset comprehensive index includes a structural safety index, an economic index, and a wave transmission index.
10. A permeable breakwater, characterized in that, The structural parameters of the permeable breakwater are determined using the permeable breakwater design method as described in any one of claims 1-9, including: A pile foundation structure for transferring wave loads to the foundation soil layer, the pile foundation structure comprising multiple piles arranged according to an optimized pile diameter and pile spacing; The baffle structure, connected to the pile foundation structure, is used to dissipate wave energy and control wave transmission, including a main baffle set at the normal water level and an auxiliary baffle set at the high water level.