Battery pack heat dissipation system and battery pack

Abstract

The invention provides a battery pack heat dissipation system and a battery pack, the battery pack heat dissipation system comprises a liquid cooling transverse plate below a battery cell, and the liquid cooling transverse plate comprises a hollow first liquid inlet layer and a first heat dissipation layer; the liquid cooling vertical plates are arranged on the side surfaces of the battery cells, and each liquid cooling vertical plate comprises a hollow second liquid inlet layer and a second heat dissipation layer; the first liquid inlet layer and the second liquid inlet layer are each divided into a liquid inlet space and a liquid outlet space which are arranged in a staggered mode through a partition plate, a plurality of first heat dissipation pipelines and second heat dissipation pipelines are arranged in the first heat dissipation layer and the second heat dissipation layer, and the liquid inlet ends and the liquid outlet ends of the first heat dissipation pipelines and the liquid outlet ends of the second heat dissipation pipelines communicate with the liquid inlet spaces and the liquid outlet spaces correspondingly. A valve is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the second heat dissipation pipe, a movable plate is arranged at the bottom of the liquid inlet space of the second liquid inlet layer, and the movable plate is connected with switch parts of the valves on the same side through linkage parts. The battery pack heat dissipation system solves the problem that when a battery pack heat dissipation system in the prior art conducts heat dissipation on battery cells in a battery pack, it is difficult to guarantee the heat dissipation uniformity of the battery cells, and consequently the battery cells are locally overheated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery pack heat dissipation, and particularly relates to a battery pack heat dissipation system and a battery pack. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of electronic product technology, the product miniaturization trend is more and more obvious, and the compactness of the product is increasing. The battery pack is to meet the capacity and voltage required by the use of electronic products, and the battery cells are connected in series and parallel to form a battery cell group, thereby forming a battery pack. When the battery pack is used, a large amount of heat is generated in the battery cells arranged in multiple rows and columns in the battery pack box (referred to as the box). The mainstream battery cell on the market is currently made of lithium iron phosphate material. This material is prone to heat generation during operation. After the battery cells are grouped, they are packaged in a sealed cavity. When the battery cells work, the sealed cavity is not conducive to heat dissipation of the battery cells. Heat accumulates inside the cavity. High temperature can cause the battery to stop working or reduce the service life or even catch fire. Therefore, in order to maximize the performance of the battery and ensure the service life of the battery, a reasonable heat dissipation method needs to be used to meet the heat dissipation requirements under high-rate charging and discharging conditions, so that the battery always works in a suitable temperature environment.

[0003] In the prior art, a liquid cooling plate is usually arranged below the battery cell to dissipate heat from the battery cell. Although the liquid cooling method has high heat dissipation efficiency, the entire battery cell generates heat, and the liquid cooling plate at the bottom can only dissipate heat from the bottom of the battery cell, so that the heat dissipation effect of other regions of the battery cell is poor, resulting in uneven heat dissipation of the battery cell, local overheating, and affecting the service life of the battery cell. Therefore, further, the prior art also arranges a liquid cooling plate between the battery cells to dissipate heat from the side of the battery cell. However, due to the flow direction of the liquid and gravity, the flow of the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling plate is usually from one side to the other end, for example, the cooling liquid in the side liquid cooling plate usually flows from the bottom to the top and then flows back to the bottom, and the flow path length is relatively long, thereby causing poor cooling effect at the end of the flow path, and the uneven heat dissipation of the battery cell still exists. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a battery pack heat dissipation system and a battery pack, which can solve the problem of uneven heat dissipation of the battery cell in the prior art battery pack heat dissipation system.

[0005] According to the battery pack heat dissipation system of the embodiment of the present application, the liquid cooling horizontal plate is arranged below the plurality of battery cells, and the liquid cooling horizontal plate comprises a hollow first liquid inlet layer and a first heat dissipation layer arranged above the first liquid inlet layer; the liquid cooling vertical plate is arranged on the side of each battery cell and is communicated with the liquid cooling horizontal plate, and the liquid cooling vertical plate comprises a hollow second liquid inlet layer and a second heat dissipation layer arranged on the side of the second liquid inlet layer close to the battery cell; wherein the first liquid inlet layer and the second liquid inlet layer are each divided into staggered liquid inlet spaces and liquid outlet spaces by a partition plate, a plurality of first heat dissipation pipes and second heat dissipation pipes are arranged in the first heat dissipation layer and the second heat dissipation layer respectively, the liquid inlet ends and the liquid outlet ends of the first heat dissipation pipes and the second heat dissipation pipes are communicated with the liquid inlet spaces and the liquid outlet spaces respectively, a valve is arranged on the liquid inlet end of the second heat dissipation pipe, an active plate is arranged at the bottom of the liquid inlet space of the second liquid inlet layer, and the active plate is connected with the switch part of a plurality of valves on the same side through a linkage component, so that the active plate moves under the driving of water pressure, and a plurality of valves are driven to be opened or closed simultaneously by the linkage component.

[0006] In addition, the battery pack heat dissipation system according to the above embodiment of the present application can also have the following additional technical features: Preferably, an automatic adjusting assembly is arranged in the second heat dissipation layer, and the automatic adjusting assembly and the linkage component cooperate to adjust the flow of liquid in the second heat dissipation pipe according to the temperature of the liquid outlet end.

[0007] Preferably, the automatic adjusting assembly comprises two parallel arranged heat conducting plates, a first temperature sensitive member arranged between the two heat conducting plates, a transmission plate arranged on the outside of one heat conducting plate, a pressing plate arranged on the outside of the other heat conducting plate, and a first screw rod arranged on the pressing plate, and one end of the heat conducting plate is sleeved on the liquid outlet end of the second heat dissipation pipe. A first spring is arranged on the side of the transmission plate away from the heat conducting plate, a second spring is arranged between the pressing plate and the adjacent heat conducting plate, the switch part comprises a driving rod and a first gear arranged on the driving rod, a rack is arranged on one side of the transmission plate and engaged with the first gear, a second gear is arranged on the side of the first screw rod away from the pressing plate, the linkage component comprises a U-shaped rod, one side of the U-shaped rod is connected with the active plate, and the other side is provided with a rack part engaged with the second gear, the first gear and the second gear are perpendicular to each other, and the first spring is in a compressed state. The liquid cooling vertical plate is provided with a avoiding groove for accommodating the automatic adjusting assembly and the linkage component, the avoiding groove comprises a first active groove part matched with the heat conducting plate and a second active groove part matched with the transmission rod, and the height of the second active groove part is greater than the height of the first active groove part.

[0008] Preferably, the automatic adjusting assembly comprises two heat-conducting rods, two second temperature-sensitive members arranged between the two heat-conducting rods, two third springs arranged between the two second temperature-sensitive members, and a vertical rod arranged between the two third springs, the two heat-conducting rods are fixed in the liquid cooling vertical plate and abut the liquid outlet ends of two adjacent second heat-dissipating pipes respectively away from the vertical rod, the vertical rod is provided with a T-shaped rod away from the third springs, and the liquid cooling vertical plate is provided with a movable channel for accommodating the T-shaped rod.

[0009] Preferably, the switch part comprises a driving rod and a first gear arranged on the driving rod, the linkage component comprises a U-shaped rod, one side of the U-shaped rod is connected with the movable plate, and the other side is provided with a rack part engaged with the first gear.

[0010] Preferably, the battery pack heat dissipation system further comprises a mixing assembly, the mixing assembly is used for stirring the cooling liquid in the liquid outlet space, and the mixing assembly comprises a central shaft arranged in the liquid outlet space, an impeller arranged on the central shaft, and a driving component used for driving the central shaft to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, the driving component comprises a second screw rod having one end connected with the central shaft, a screw sleeve sleeved outside the second screw rod, and a fixing cylinder sleeved outside the screw sleeve, the screw sleeve is unilaterally sleeved on the end of the second screw rod away from the central shaft, the first spring is arranged between the second screw rod and the screw sleeve, the second screw rod is provided with two outer thread segments rotating in opposite directions on the side close to the screw sleeve, the threads of the outer thread segments are sawtooth threads, the screw sleeve is provided with two shift rods on the inner side, the two shift rods are respectively matched with the two outer threads, and the fixing cylinder is rotationally connected with the end of the second screw rod close to the central shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the screw sleeve is provided with a fixing hole on the inner side for accommodating the shift rod, and the fixing hole is provided with a fourth spring at the bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the liquid cooling horizontal plate and the liquid cooling vertical plate are respectively composed of a plurality of detachable units.

[0014] The application improves the heat dissipation effect and uniformity of the battery cell by setting the liquid cooling horizontal plate at the bottom of the battery cell and the liquid cooling vertical plate at the side of the battery cell to comprehensively dissipate heat from the battery cell, and by setting the liquid cooling horizontal plate as the first liquid inlet layer and the first heat dissipation layer, so that the cooling liquid first accumulates in the first liquid inlet layer under the action of gravity, and then flows into the first heat dissipation layer from the liquid inlet end of the plurality of first heat dissipation pipes, thereby realizing multi-point simultaneous liquid supply for heat dissipation, further ensuring the uniformity of the battery cell heat dissipation, and avoiding the situation that the heat dissipation efficiency of the cooling liquid at the end of the single heat dissipation pipe is lower than that at the head of the single heat dissipation pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural partial schematic view of a battery pack heat dissipation system in an embodiment of the application; Figure 2 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the top of the liquid cooling horizontal plate along the width direction in an embodiment of the application; Figure 3 FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 3; Figure 2 Figure 4 FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the side of the liquid cooling vertical plate along the length direction in an embodiment of the application; Figure 5 FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 5; Figure 4 Figure 6 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the top of the liquid cooling vertical plate along the width direction in an embodiment of the application; Figure 7 FIG. 8 is an assembly view of the linkage component, the automatic adjusting assembly and the second heat dissipation pipe in an embodiment of the application; Figure 8 ​​Figure 6 is a partial assembly view of the linkage member, the automatic adjusting assembly and the second heat dissipation pipe in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 Figure 6 is a partial assembly view of the linkage member, the automatic adjusting assembly and the second heat dissipation pipe in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 Figure 6 is a partial assembly view of the linkage member, the automatic adjusting assembly and the second heat dissipation pipe in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 Figure 6 is a partial assembly view of the linkage member, the automatic adjusting assembly and the second heat dissipation pipe in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 12 Figure 6 is a partial assembly view of the linkage member, the automatic adjusting assembly and the second heat dissipation pipe in one embodiment of the present application; Main component symbol explanation: DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the relevant drawings. The drawings show several embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be realized in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0017] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there can be an intervening element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0019] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12The battery pack heat dissipation system shown in the embodiment of the application is used for heat dissipation of the battery cell 80 in the battery pack, and comprises a liquid cooling horizontal plate 10 arranged below the plurality of battery cells 80, the liquid cooling horizontal plate 10 comprising a hollow first liquid inlet layer 11 and a first heat dissipation layer 12 arranged above the first liquid inlet layer 11; and a liquid cooling vertical plate 20 arranged at the side of each battery cell 80 and communicated with the liquid cooling horizontal plate 10, the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 comprising a hollow second liquid inlet layer 21 and a second heat dissipation layer 22 arranged on the side of the second liquid inlet layer 21 close to the battery cell 80. The first liquid inlet layer 11 and the second liquid inlet layer 21 are each divided into the liquid inlet space 13 and the liquid outlet space 14 arranged alternately by the partition plate, the first heat dissipation layer 12 and the second heat dissipation layer 22 are respectively provided with the plurality of first heat dissipation pipes 15 and the second heat dissipation pipes 23, the liquid inlet end 24 and the liquid outlet end 25 of the first heat dissipation pipes 15 and the second heat dissipation pipes 23 are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet space 13 and the liquid outlet space 14, the liquid inlet end 24 of the second heat dissipation pipe 23 is provided with the valve 30, the bottom of the liquid inlet space 13 of the second liquid inlet layer 21 is provided with the movable plate 40, the movable plate 40 is connected with the switch part 31 of the plurality of valves 30 on the same side through the linkage component 50, so that the movable plate 40 is moved under the water pressure driving, and the linkage component 50 drives the plurality of valves 30 to be opened or closed at the same time.

[0020] It can be understood that the liquid cooling horizontal plate 10 is arranged at the bottom of the battery cell 80, and the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 is arranged at the side of the battery cell 80, and the battery cell 80 is fully cooled at the same time, so that the cooling effect and uniformity of the battery cell 80 are improved. The liquid cooling horizontal plate 10 is arranged as the first liquid inlet layer 11 and the first heat dissipation layer 12, so that the cooling liquid first accumulates in the first liquid inlet layer 11 under the action of gravity, and then flows into the first heat dissipation layer 12, so that the cooling liquid flows into the multiple first heat dissipation pipes 15 at the same time, and then the multiple-point simultaneous liquid supply cooling is realized, and the uniformity of the battery cell 80 is further ensured. Avoiding the situation that the cooling liquid at the end of the single heat dissipation pipe has lower cooling efficiency than the cooling liquid at the head of the single heat dissipation pipe, and the length of the heat dissipation pipe is effectively controlled by arranging the staggered liquid inlet space 13 and the liquid outlet space 14, so that the shorter heat dissipation pipe is avoided. The longer pipe still has the difference in cooling effect between the two ends. In addition, due to the vertical arrangement of the liquid cooling vertical plate 20, the second liquid inlet layer 21 is simply arranged, and due to the different heights of the liquid inlet ends 24 of the second heat dissipation pipes 23, it is difficult to ensure multiple-point simultaneous liquid inlet. Therefore, the valve 30 is additionally arranged at the liquid inlet end 24, and the movable plate 40 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid inlet space 13. When the liquid in the liquid inlet space 13 reaches a certain height and immerses the liquid inlet ends 24 of all the second heat dissipation pipes 23, the movable plate 40 moves downward under the action of liquid pressure, and the switch part 31 of all the corresponding valves 30 is driven to move by the linkage part 50, so that the valve 30 is synchronously opened, so that the multiple-point simultaneous liquid inlet of the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 is realized, and the uniform cooling of the battery cell 80 is ensured. Therefore, the problem that the battery pack cooling system in the prior art cannot ensure the uniformity of the battery cell 80 during cooling of the battery cell 80 in the battery pack is solved.

[0021] Specifically, the automatic adjusting assembly 60 is arranged in the second heat dissipation layer 22, and the automatic adjusting assembly 60 cooperates with the linkage component 50 to adjust the flow of the liquid in the corresponding second heat dissipation pipeline 23 according to the temperature of the liquid outlet end 25. In a specific implementation, the battery cell 80 is usually composed of a plurality of different battery cell components connected to form a whole, for example, a plurality of cylindrical battery cell units or plate-shaped battery cell units are stacked in series with each other, and are connected and fixed by an auxiliary part to form a whole battery cell 80, and a plurality of battery cells 80 are arranged and assembled to form a battery pack. Different battery cell units have different heat dissipation amounts in different areas during heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation amounts of two adjacent battery cells 80 are consistent and the heat dissipation of each area of the battery cell 80 is uniform, but there are auxiliary parts, and the heat amounts of the corresponding areas of the auxiliary parts are different. Therefore, in order to further ensure the uniformity of the heat dissipation of the battery cell 80, in addition to the multi-point simultaneous liquid inlet for heat dissipation, the flow of the cooling liquid in the corresponding pipeline needs to be adjusted according to the real-time heat dissipation state of different areas, so as to ensure the uniformity of the heat dissipation of the battery cell 80, that is, to ensure that the temperature of each part of the battery cell 80 is consistent. Therefore, the automatic adjusting assembly 60 is arranged, the change of the temperature of the cooling liquid of the liquid outlet end 25 is used to judge the heat amounts of different areas of the battery cell 80, and the corresponding pipeline is adjusted accordingly.

[0022] In addition, the automatic adjusting assembly 60 comprises two parallel heat-conducting plates 61, a first temperature-sensitive element 62 arranged between the two heat-conducting plates 61, a transmission plate 63 arranged outside one of the heat-conducting plates 61, a pressing plate 64 arranged outside the other heat-conducting plate 61, and a first screw rod 641 arranged on the pressing plate 64, one end of the heat-conducting plate 61 is sleeved on the liquid outlet end 25 of the second heat-dissipating pipe 23; the transmission plate 63 is provided with a first spring 65 away from one side of the heat-conducting plate 61, the pressing plate 64 is provided with a second spring 642 between the pressing plate 64 and the adjacent heat-conducting plate 61, the switch part 31 comprises a driving rod 311 and a first gear 312 arranged on the driving rod 311, one side of the transmission plate 63 is provided with a rack 631 engaged with the first gear 312, the first screw rod 641 is provided with a second gear 643 away from one side of the pressing plate 64, the linkage assembly 50 comprises a U-shaped rod 51, one side of the U-shaped rod 51 is connected with the movable plate 40, and the other side is provided with a rack part 52 engaged with the second gear 643, the first gear 312 and the second gear 643 are perpendicular to each other, and the first spring 65 is in a compressed state; the liquid-cooled vertical plate 20 is provided with an avoiding groove 26 for accommodating the automatic adjusting assembly 60 and the linkage assembly 50, the avoiding groove 26 comprises a first movable groove part 261 matched with the heat-conducting plate 61 and a second movable groove part 262 matched with the transmission rod, and the height of the second movable groove part 262 is greater than that of the first movable groove part 261. In specific implementation, the heat of each region of the battery cell 80 is monitored by an electronic device, and the flow of the cooling liquid in each pipe is controlled in real time, which requires special detection equipment and corresponding control program, has high cost, and the battery pack is in a high-temperature environment for a long time, and the electronic device itself needs a suitable working environment, so that the service life is low, and regular maintenance and corresponding heat-dissipating equipment are needed, which further increases the cost. In addition, the requirement for the environment makes the applicability poor, and it cannot be applied to some high-demand environments, such as high altitude, low temperature, high humidity, and strong magnetic field environments. Therefore, the self-adaptive adjustment of the flow of each pipe is realized by the mechanical structure, which has lower cost and wider application range.

[0023] More specifically, when the cooling liquid enters the liquid inlet space 13 of the second liquid inlet layer 21, the liquid level gradually rises with the accumulation of the cooling liquid, and the water pressure applied to the movable plate 40 gradually increases. The movable plate 40 moves downward under the action of the water pressure, and the U-shaped rod 51 moves downward. The rack portion 52 on the U-shaped rod 51 drives the second gear 643 arranged on the first screw rod 641 to rotate, and in turn drives the first screw rod 641 to rotate. Since the pressing plate 64 is arranged on the first screw rod 641 and threadedly cooperates with the first screw rod 641, the pressing plate 64 will move away from the second gear 643 to compress the second spring 642. The second spring 642 is compressed and applies pressure to the heat-conducting plate 61, and in turn to the first temperature-sensitive member 62, the heat-conducting plate 61, and the transmission plate 63. Since the other side of the transmission plate 63 is provided with the first spring 65 in a compressed state, when the elastic force applied by the first spring 65 is not greater than the elastic force generated by the second spring 642 in the initial compressed state, the transmission plate 63 will not move. Since the transmission plate 63 has a large volume and is located in the second movable groove portion 262, the second movable groove portion 262 limits the movement of the transmission plate 63 to the first movable groove portion 261 in which the heat-conducting plate 61 and the pressing plate 64 are accommodated. When the liquid level in the liquid inlet space 13 submerges all the liquid inlet ends 24 in the space, the movable plate 40 moves a certain distance under sufficient water pressure, and the compression amount of the first spring 65 is sufficient. Therefore, the elastic force of the first spring 65 is greater than the elastic force of the second spring 642, so that all the valves 30 are simultaneously opened. Since the cooling liquid submerges all the liquid inlet ends 24 corresponding to the valves 30 at this time, the function of simultaneous liquid cooling at multiple points in the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 is realized.

[0024] In addition, when the battery cell 80 generates a local high temperature, the cooling liquid in the second heat dissipation pipeline 23 corresponding to the high temperature area absorbs higher heat and transfers to the liquid outlet end 25. The heat is transferred to the first temperature-sensitive member 62, which expands and simultaneously squeezes the heat-conducting plates 61 and the first spring 65 and the second spring 642 on both sides. The pressing plate 64 is threadedly connected with the first screw rod 641, and only the first screw rod 641 can rotate to drive the pressing plate 64 to move. The pressing plate 64 cannot rotate to drive the first screw rod 641, so the side of the pressing plate 64 will not move. Therefore, the heat-conducting rod 66, the first temperature-sensitive member 62, and the transmission plate 63 will move away from the pressing plate 64 side under the balancing action of the elastic forces of the first spring 65 and the second spring 642, so that the corresponding transmission plate 63 further drives the valve 30 to a larger opening, thereby increasing the flow of the cooling liquid in the corresponding second heat dissipation pipeline 23 and achieving targeted heat dissipation. Therefore, the automatic adjustment function is realized, the consistency of the temperature of the battery cell 80 is ensured, and the local overheating is avoided to affect the service life of the battery cell 80.

[0025] Specifically, the automatic adjusting assembly 60 comprises two heat-conducting rods 66, two second temperature-sensitive members 67 arranged between the two heat-conducting rods 66, two third springs 68 arranged between the two second temperature-sensitive members 67, and a vertical rod 69 arranged between the two third springs 68. The two heat-conducting rods 66 are fixed in the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 and abut against the liquid outlet ends 25 of the two adjacent second heat dissipation pipes 23 respectively at the end away from the vertical rod 69. The vertical rod 69 is provided with a T-shaped rod 691 at the end away from the third springs 68, and the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 is provided with a movable channel for accommodating the T-shaped rod 691. In use, the second temperature-sensitive members 67 expand by heat to press the third springs 68, so that the vertical rod 69 drives the T-shaped rod 691 to move, so as to control the length of the T-shaped rod 691 extending into the liquid outlet end 25 of the second heat dissipation pipe 23. In specific implementation, the two heat-conducting rods 66 respectively transmit the temperatures of the liquid outlet ends 25 of the two adjacent second heat dissipation pipes 23 to the two corresponding second temperature-sensitive members 67. The two second temperature-sensitive members 67 expand by heat to press the two corresponding third springs 68, and the two third springs 68 simultaneously press the vertical rod 69. When the temperatures of the liquid outlet ends 25 of the two adjacent second heat dissipation pipes 23 are inconsistent, i.e., the local overheating of the battery cell 80 causes the temperature in the corresponding second heat dissipation pipe 23 to be too high, and the expansion volume of the corresponding second temperature-sensitive member 67 is larger, the compression amount of the corresponding third spring 68 is larger, and then the corresponding vertical rod 69 moves away from the second temperature-sensitive member 67, so as to drive the T-shaped rod 691 connected with the vertical rod 69 to move into the other adjacent second heat dissipation pipe 23, thereby increasing the resistance in the second heat dissipation pipe 23 at the region without local high temperature, reducing the flow of the cooling liquid in the pipe, and increasing the flow of the cooling liquid at other regions, thereby realizing the function of automatic adjustment. Compared with the other structure, the linkage assembly 50 is less, and the opening degree of the valve 30 of the liquid inlet end 24 of the second heat dissipation pipe 23 is the largest at the initial liquid inlet, so that the cooling effect is sufficient. When the emergency capability is relatively poor, and when local high temperature suddenly occurs, only the adjacent second heat dissipation pipe 23 can be throttled, so that the flow of the cooling liquid in all the other second heat dissipation pipes 23 is increased at the same time, rather than the flow of the cooling liquid in the second heat dissipation pipe 23 at the region with sudden increase of local heat being increased alone. After a certain period of time, the flow in each corresponding pipe is adjusted in turn, so that the response time is relatively long and the emergency effect is relatively poor compared with the above-mentioned mode. Therefore, in actual application, a corresponding appropriate automatic adjusting assembly 60 needs to be selected according to the corresponding requirements.

[0026] In addition, the switch part 31 includes a driving rod 311 and a first gear 312 arranged on the driving rod 311, and the linkage component 50 includes a U-shaped rod, one side of the U-shaped rod 51 is connected with the movable plate 40, and the other side is provided with a rack part 52 engaged with the first gear 312. When the automatic adjusting assembly 60 with relatively poor emergency effect is used, since the liquid inlet end 24 does not need to be adjusted, the linkage component 50 is connected with the movable plate 40 through the U-shaped rod 51, the movable plate 40 moves to drive the U-shaped rod 51 to move, thereby driving the rack part 52 to move, the rack part 52 is directly engaged with the first gear 312 on the switch part 31 to drive the first gear 312 to rotate, thereby realizing the synchronous opening and closing of the plurality of valves 30. In specific implementation, a spring can be arranged below the movable plate 40 for moving the movable plate 40, and only when the hydraulic height is higher than all the liquid inlet ends 24, the sufficient water pressure can overcome the spring below the movable plate 40 to drive the movable plate 40 to move, thereby realizing the synchronous opening of the plurality of liquid inlet ends 24 and realizing the synchronous liquid inlet and heat dissipation function in the liquid cooling vertical plate 20.

[0027] Specifically, the battery pack heat dissipation system further includes a mixing assembly 70 for stirring the cooling liquid in the liquid outlet space 14, the mixing assembly 70 includes a central shaft 71 arranged in the liquid outlet space 14, an impeller 72 arranged on the central shaft 71, and a driving component 73 for driving the central shaft 71 to rotate. In specific implementation, since the heat generated by different regions of the battery cell 80 is different, the heat contained in the cooling liquid flowing out of the liquid outlet end 25 after absorbing heat is also inconsistent, and the cooling liquid needs to be mixed to avoid the occurrence of laminar flow, so that when the cooling liquid flows back to the liquid inlet end 24 after subsequent heat dissipation, the temperature is also uneven, which affects the cooling effect of the battery cell 80. Specifically, the impeller 72 will rotate naturally under the driving of the water flow of the liquid outlet end 25 to stir the cooling liquid, and the driving component 73 will also enhance the rotation speed of the impeller 72 to further improve the stirring effect.

[0028] In addition, the driving component 73 comprises a second screw rod 731 connected to the central shaft 71 at one end, a sleeve 732 sleeved outside the second screw rod 731, and a fixed cylinder 733 sleeved outside the sleeve 732, the sleeve 732 is unilaterally open and sleeved at the end of the second screw rod 731 away from the central shaft 71, the first spring 65 is arranged between the second screw rod 731 and the sleeve 732, the second screw rod 731 is provided with two outer thread segments 734 rotating in opposite directions at the side close to the sleeve 732, the threads of the outer thread segments 734 are sawtooth threads, the inside of the sleeve 732 is provided with two shift rods 735, the two shift rods 735 are respectively matched with the two outer threads, and the fixed cylinder 733 is rotationally connected to the end of the second screw rod 731 close to the central shaft 71. In specific implementation, in order to reduce the cost and avoid the additional setting of electronic driving equipment, the driving component 73 is linked with the automatic adjusting component to realize pure mechanical automatic mixing, guarantee the service life, and be low in cost. Specifically, when the liquid level in the liquid inlet space 13 reaches a certain height, the elastic force generated by the second spring 642 is greater than that of the first spring 65, thereby driving the sleeve 732 to move towards the first spring 65, so that the shift rods 735 on the sleeve 732 move on the sawtooth threads rotating in different directions. Due to the mechanism of the sawtooth threads, the force of the shift rod 735 close to the first spring 65 on the corresponding sawtooth thread is greater than that of the other shift rod 735 on the corresponding sawtooth thread, so that the second screw rod 731 rotates in the first direction. Then, under the action of the first temperature-sensitive piece 62, according to the condition that part of the battery cell 80 is overheated and then cooled, the sleeve 732 will move along the axis of the first spring 65. When the sleeve 732 moves away from the first spring 65, due to the mechanism of the sawtooth threads, the force of the shift rod 735 away from the first spring 65 on the corresponding sawtooth thread is greater than that of the other shift rod 735 on the corresponding sawtooth thread, and the two sawtooth threads are arranged in opposite directions, so that the second screw rod 731 still rotates in the first direction. Therefore, when there is no local overheating of the battery cell 80, the cooling liquid temperatures of the liquid outlet ends 25 are close to each other, and under the flow action of the cooling liquid, the impeller 72 is driven to rotate, so that the mixing effect of the cooling liquid can be realized. When there is local overheating of the battery cell 80, the cooling liquid temperature difference of the liquid outlet ends 25 is large, so that the sleeve 732 moves, and the central shaft 71 and the impeller 72 are driven by the second screw rod 731 to rotate, so as to accelerate the rotation efficiency of the impeller 72 and improve the mixing effect of the cooling liquid.

[0029] Specifically, the inside of the screw sleeve 732 is provided with a fixing hole 736 for accommodating the shifting rod 735, and the bottom of the fixing hole 736 is provided with a fourth spring 737. In specific implementation, by arranging the fourth spring 737, when the shifting rod 735 moves in the sawtooth thread, the current moving trend force is small, and the second screw rod 731 cannot be driven to rotate, the interaction force between the two is absorbed by the fourth spring 737, the friction between the two is reduced, the service life is prolonged, in addition, by adjusting the shape of the end of the shifting rod 735, the force exerted by the shifting rod 735 on the working surface of the sawtooth thread can be further amplified, and the effect between the non-working surface of the sawtooth thread can be reduced, the driving effect of one side of the shifting rod 735 is further amplified, and the friction loss of the other side of the shifting rod 735 is reduced.

[0030] In addition, the liquid cooling horizontal plate 10 and the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 are each composed of a plurality of detachable units. In specific implementation, the liquid cooling horizontal plate 10 and the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 can be costed by a plurality of detachable units, so as to facilitate local damage repair and replacement, and reduce production difficulty, thereby reducing production cost. In addition, it should be noted that the liquid inlet space 13 of the liquid cooling horizontal plate 10 and the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 is not connected to each other, and the cooling liquid of the liquid cooling horizontal plate 10 has entered the first heat dissipation layer 12 for cooling when the liquid inlet space 13 of the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 has not reached the required height.

[0031] In summary, the application improves the effect and uniformity of heat dissipation of the battery cell 80 by setting the liquid cooling horizontal plate 10 at the bottom of the battery cell 80 and the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 at the side of the battery cell 80 to comprehensively dissipate heat for the battery cell 80. The liquid cooling horizontal plate 10 is set as the first liquid inlet layer 11 and the first heat dissipation layer 12, so that the cooling liquid first accumulates in the first liquid inlet layer 11 under the action of gravity, and then flows into the first heat dissipation layer 12 from the liquid inlet end 24 of the plurality of first heat dissipation pipes 15 as the liquid level rises, thereby achieving multi-point simultaneous liquid supply for heat dissipation, further ensuring the uniformity of heat dissipation of the battery cell 80, and avoiding the situation that the heat dissipation efficiency of the cooling liquid at the end of the single heat dissipation pipe is lower than that at the head of the single heat dissipation pipe. In addition, the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 is vertically arranged, and the second liquid inlet layer 21 is simply set. Due to the different heights of the liquid inlet ends 24 of the second heat dissipation pipes 23, it is difficult to ensure multi-point simultaneous liquid inlet. Therefore, the valve 30 is additionally arranged at the liquid inlet end 24, and the movable plate 40 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid inlet space 13. When the liquid in the liquid inlet space 13 reaches a certain height and submerges the liquid inlet ends 24 of all the second heat dissipation pipes 23, the movable plate 40 moves downward under the action of liquid pressure, drives the opening and closing parts 31 of all the corresponding valves 30 through the linkage component 50, and synchronously opens the valves 30, thereby achieving multi-point simultaneous liquid inlet at the liquid cooling vertical plate 20 to ensure the uniform heat dissipation of the battery cell 80. Therefore, the application solves the problem that the battery pack heat dissipation system in the prior art cannot ensure the uniformity of heat dissipation of the battery cell 80, resulting in local overheating of the battery cell 80.

[0032] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example" or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0033] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the patent scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack heat dissipation system, characterized in that, Used for heat dissipation of the battery cells within the battery pack, including: A liquid-cooled horizontal plate is disposed below the plurality of said battery cells. The liquid-cooled horizontal plate includes a hollow first liquid inlet layer and a first heat dissipation layer disposed above the first liquid inlet layer. A liquid-cooled vertical plate is disposed on the side of each of the battery cells and communicates with the liquid-cooled horizontal plate. The liquid-cooled vertical plate includes a hollow second liquid inlet layer and a second heat dissipation layer disposed on the side of the second liquid inlet layer near the battery cell. The first and second liquid inlet layers are separated by partitions into staggered liquid inlet and liquid outlet spaces. The first and second heat dissipation layers each contain multiple first and second heat dissipation pipes. The inlet and outlet ends of the first and second heat dissipation pipes are connected to the liquid inlet and liquid outlet spaces, respectively. A valve is provided at the inlet end of the second heat dissipation pipe. A movable plate is located at the bottom of the liquid inlet space of the second liquid inlet layer. The movable plate is connected to the switching parts of multiple valves on the same side via a linkage component, allowing the movable plate to move under water pressure, thereby causing the linkage component to simultaneously open or close multiple valves.

2. The battery pack heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an automatic adjustment component, which is disposed within the second heat dissipation layer. The automatic adjustment component and the linkage component cooperate to adjust the flow rate of the liquid in the corresponding second heat dissipation pipe according to the temperature of the liquid outlet.

3. The battery pack heat dissipation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The automatic adjustment assembly includes two parallel heat-conducting plates, a first temperature-sensitive element disposed between the two heat-conducting plates, a transmission plate disposed on the outside of one heat-conducting plate, a pressure plate disposed on the outside of the other heat-conducting plate, and a first screw disposed on the pressure plate. One end of the heat-conducting plate is sleeved on the liquid outlet end of the second heat dissipation pipe. The transmission plate is provided with a first spring on the side away from the heat-conducting plate, and a second spring is provided between the pressure plate and the adjacent heat-conducting plate. The switching part includes a drive rod and a first gear disposed on the drive rod. A rack is provided on one side of the transmission plate to mesh with the first gear. A second gear is provided on the side of the first screw away from the pressure plate. The linkage component includes a U-shaped rod. One side of the U-shaped rod is connected to the movable plate, and the other side is provided with a rack part to mesh with the second gear. The first gear and the second gear are perpendicular to each other, and the first spring is in a compressed state. The liquid-cooled vertical plate is provided with a clearance groove for accommodating the automatic adjustment component and the linkage component. The clearance groove includes a first movable groove portion adapted to the heat-conducting plate and a second movable groove portion adapted to the transmission rod. The height of the second movable groove portion is greater than the height of the first movable groove portion.

4. The battery pack heat dissipation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The automatic adjustment assembly includes two heat-conducting rods, two second temperature-sensitive elements disposed between the two heat-conducting rods, two third springs disposed between the two second temperature-sensitive elements, and a vertical rod disposed between the two third springs. The two heat-conducting rods are fixed inside the liquid-cooled vertical plate, and the ends away from the vertical rod respectively abut against the liquid outlet ends of the two adjacent second heat dissipation pipes. A T-shaped rod is provided at the end of the vertical rod away from the third spring, and the liquid-cooled vertical plate is provided with a movable channel for accommodating the T-shaped rod.

5. The battery pack heat dissipation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The switch includes a drive rod and a first gear mounted on the drive rod. The linkage component includes a U-shaped rod, one side of which is connected to the movable plate, and the other side is provided with a rack portion that meshes with the first gear.

6. The battery pack heat dissipation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery pack cooling system also includes a mixing component for stirring the coolant in the outlet space. The mixing component includes a central shaft placed in the outlet space, an impeller mounted on the central shaft, and a drive component for driving the central shaft to rotate.

7. The battery pack heat dissipation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving component includes a second screw connected to the central shaft at one end, a threaded sleeve sleeved on the outside of the second screw, and a fixed cylinder sleeved on the outside of the threaded sleeve. The threaded sleeve is sleeved on one side with an opening at the end of the second screw away from the central shaft. The first spring is disposed between the second screw and the threaded sleeve. The second screw has two external threaded sections with opposite rotation directions on the side near the threaded sleeve. The threads of the external threaded sections are sawtooth threads. The inner side of the threaded sleeve has two levers, which are respectively adapted to the two external threads. The fixed cylinder is rotatably connected to the end of the second screw near the central shaft.

8. The battery pack heat dissipation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner side of the screw sleeve is provided with a fixing hole for accommodating the lever, and a fourth spring is provided at the bottom of the fixing hole.

9. The battery pack heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Both the liquid-cooled horizontal plate and the liquid-cooled vertical plate are composed of multiple detachable units.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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