Automatic wire tightening method for intelligent self-adaptive overhead transmission line

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of overhead transmission lines, and discloses an intelligent self-adaptive automatic stringing method for an overhead transmission line, which comprises the following steps of: adaptively selecting different stringing rules according to current wind speed information and current temperature information around a to-be-stringed gear, and stringing the to-be-stringed gear in an asymptotic adjustment manner; and when the asymptotic adjustment is executed, the current tension of the to-be-tightened gear is promoted to gradually reach the target tension, and when the asymptotic adjustment is executed, the target tension corresponding to each adjustment is subjected to weighted compensation in combination with the real-time change condition of the wind speed information and the temperature information around the to-be-tightened gear. By sensing the external environment condition and the tension state of the wire in real time and combining the self-adaptive adjustment strategy, real-time adjustment of the tension and sag of the wire under the variable environment condition is completed, intelligent control in the tightening process of the power transmission line is achieved, the tightening efficiency and precision are improved, and the stability and safety of the line are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of overhead line adjustment, specifically relating to an intelligent adaptive automatic tensioning method for overhead transmission lines. Background Technology

[0002] In modern power transmission and distribution systems, overhead transmission lines are critical infrastructure. Tensioning, or slack-out, refers to applying tension during the installation and maintenance of overhead transmission lines to maintain the conductors at an appropriate tension level. This ensures the stability and safety of the line, prevents swaying or sagging caused by uneven stress, optimizes power transmission efficiency, and improves overall operational reliability. However, because overhead transmission lines are exposed to the natural environment, their tensioning is easily affected by various factors such as temperature, wind speed, and tension variations. For example, rising temperatures cause the transmission line conductors to expand and elongate, resulting in decreased tension and increased sag; conversely, in cold environments, the conductors contract, increasing tension and potentially leading to line breakage.

[0003] When adjusting a certain tension level, traditional line tension adjustment mainly relies on manual operation. Manual adjustment requires a lot of time and manpower, especially in remote or complex terrain areas. It is difficult to operate and inefficient. In addition, the response speed of manual adjustment is slow, and it is impossible to accurately control the sag value, making it difficult to meet the needs of real-time changes in the tension state.

[0004] In recent years, with the development of automation technology, some automatic tensioning devices have begun to be used in power transmission line tensioning. These devices can automatically adjust the line tension to a certain extent based on tension sensor data when adjusting a certain tension level. However, existing automatic tensioning technologies generally lack intelligence and adaptability, and can only execute actions based on preset simple rules. They cannot effectively cope with complex and changing environmental conditions and line conditions, resulting in limited adjustment accuracy and adaptability of the equipment, which falls far short of the requirements of modern smart grids for the safe and efficient operation of power transmission lines.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic tensioning method for transmission lines that can combine real-time monitoring data and target operating parameters and adaptively adjust through intelligent algorithms. This method would enable more precise and efficient tension adjustment when adjusting a certain tension level, thereby comprehensively improving the stability and safety of transmission line tensioning. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides an intelligent adaptive automatic tensioning method for overhead transmission lines, which solves the technical problems of existing automatic tensioning technologies that generally lack intelligence and adaptability, can only perform actions based on preset simple rules, and cannot effectively cope with complex and ever-changing environmental conditions and line conditions.

[0007] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: An intelligent adaptive automatic tensioning method for overhead transmission lines adaptively selects different tensioning rules based on the current wind speed and temperature information around the span to be tensioned, using a gradual adjustment method to gradually bring the current tension of the span to be tensioned to the target tension. Furthermore, during the gradual adjustment, the target tension corresponding to each adjustment is weighted and compensated by taking into account the real-time changes in wind speed and temperature around the tensioning section.

[0008] Furthermore, the tightening rules are set in four types, corresponding to high temperature environment, low temperature environment, high wind environment, and comprehensive environment, respectively. For high-temperature environments, a tensioning rule of increasing tension and decreasing tensioning speed is adopted for tensioning. For low-temperature environments, a tensioning rule of reducing tension and tensioning speed is adopted for tensioning. For windy conditions, a tensioning rule of increasing tension and decreasing tensioning speed is adopted for tensioning the wire; For a comprehensive environment, a tensioning rule combining comprehensive tension compensation and tensioning speed adjustment is used for tensioning. At the same time, when performing asymptotic adjustments, weighted compensation is applied to the target tension corresponding to each adjustment.

[0009] Furthermore, the comprehensive environment includes a high-temperature, high-wind environment and a low-temperature, high-wind environment. The specific steps of the gradual adjustment method are as follows: Step 1: For high-temperature, high-wind environments, calculate the target tension T using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted , For low-temperature, high-wind environments, the target tension T can be calculated using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted , ; in, , α represents the coefficient of linear expansion of the material, L represents the length of the conductor, E represents the elastic modulus of the material, A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the driving component, and T0 represents the initial tension. This indicates the weighting for temperature, with an initial value of 0.5. This indicates the weighting for wind speed, with an initial value of 0.35, and t represents the current temperature. This indicates the default tensioning speed. Indicates the current wind speed. Indicates the wind speed threshold. , ; Based on the target tension T target and current tension T current Set the step size for asymptotic adjustment, according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted For the current tension T current Perform asymptotic adjustments with equal step sizes; Step 2: Calculate the first weight based on the real-time changes in wind speed and temperature information during the current step size adjustment process, thereby optimizing the target tension; Step 3: Based on the target tension before and after optimization, calculate the target tension error corresponding to the current step length. If the target tension error corresponding to the current step length is not greater than the threshold, continue the equal step asymptotic adjustment in Step 1 to adjust the tension of the next step length. If the error exceeds the threshold, the second weight is calculated based on the target tension error corresponding to the current step size. The target tension is then re-optimized, and step one is executed again to reset the asymptotic adjustment step size, according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted The tension corresponding to the current step size is adjusted asymptotically in equal steps. Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the target tension is achieved.

[0010] Furthermore, the first weight W is calculated using the following formula. t and W v ; Where η represents the step size, Δtime represents the time interval corresponding to the current step size, and Δt 窗口 ΔV represents the temperature change within the time interval Δtime. 窗口 This represents the change in wind speed within the time interval Δtime; Calculate the second weight W using the following formula. t ´ and W v ´, in, Both represent constants. This indicates the target tension error corresponding to the current step size.

[0011] Furthermore, for high-temperature environments, i.e., temperatures t> The target tension T is calculated using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted Based on the target tension T target and current tension T current Set the step size for asymptotic adjustment, according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted For the current tension T current Perform equal-step asymptotic adjustments until the target tension T is reached. target ; For low-temperature environments, i.e., temperature t < The target tension T is calculated using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted Based on the target tension T target and current tension T current Set the step size for asymptotic adjustment, according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted For the current tension T current Perform equal-step asymptotic adjustments until the target tension T is reached. target ; For windy conditions, the target tension T can be calculated using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted Based on the target tension T target and current tension T current Set the step size for asymptotic adjustment, according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted For the current tension T current Perform equal-step asymptotic adjustments until the target tension T is reached. target , in, Indicates the current wind speed. Indicates the wind speed threshold. , , , α represents the coefficient of linear expansion of the material, L represents the length of the conductor, E represents the elastic modulus of the material, A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the driving component, and T0 represents the initial tension. This represents the wind compensation coefficient, and H represents the initial horizontal tension of the conductor. Indicates the drag coefficient. Indicates air density, The area exposed to the wind by the conductor is represented by , and D represents the diameter of the conductor.

[0012] Furthermore, the triggering conditions for weighted compensation are set as environmental parameters crossing preset thresholds and errors during tension adjustment continuously exceeding the allowable range. When the triggering conditions are met, the corresponding tensioning rule is immediately switched, and the target tension and tensioning speed are recalculated based on the current environmental data to ensure the continuity and accuracy of tensioning under sudden environmental changes or tension fluctuations.

[0013] Furthermore, when performing asymptotic adjustments in a comprehensive environment, a phased multi-round optimization strategy is adopted. That is, in each phase, the target tension is corrected in real time, error is judged, and the step size is adaptively adjusted. After the phase ends, the adjustment parameters for the next phase are reset based on the accumulated environmental change trend and tension deviation until the current tension enters the allowable error range of the target tension, thereby improving the convergence speed and stability in complex environments.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Taking into account the actual environmental conditions of overhead transmission lines, different tensioning rules are formulated, an adaptive environmental rule library is constructed, and then the corresponding tensioning rule is selected to adjust the tension according to the environmental parameters of the overhead transmission line at that time, so as to improve the adaptability to various complex working conditions, make it more practical, meet the future operation needs of transmission lines, and significantly reduce the need for operators to repeatedly go up and down the tower to tighten the lines, thereby improving maintenance efficiency and operator safety.

[0015] 2. This invention uses a gradual adjustment method to adjust the current tension in equal steps, so that it gradually reaches the target tension. In addition, for comprehensive environments such as high temperature + strong wind or low temperature + strong wind, when making gradual adjustments, the tension of each adjustment is weighted and compensated in combination with the real-time environmental parameters of each adjustment, so that the tension adjustment can better adapt to environmental changes and ensure that the tension adjustment can be carried out accurately and stably.

[0016] Furthermore, the efficiency and accuracy of this method will provide new reference for the design and management of power systems, promote the intelligent and automated development of power engineering, and enhance market competitiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the asymptotic adjustment process according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optimization process for the target tension of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easier to understand, the following embodiments, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, specifically illustrate an automatic tensioning method for an intelligent adaptive overhead transmission line according to the present invention. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0019] This embodiment presents an intelligent adaptive automatic tensioning method for overhead transmission lines, such as... Figure 1 As shown, based on the current wind speed and temperature information around the conductor to be tightened, different tightening rules are adaptively selected. Through a gradual adjustment method, the current tension of the conductor to be tightened gradually reaches the target tension. Furthermore, during the gradual adjustment, the target tension corresponding to each adjustment is weighted and compensated based on the real-time changes in wind speed and temperature information around the conductor. In this way, by sensing external environmental conditions and conductor tension in real time, and combining this with an adaptive adjustment strategy, real-time adjustment of conductor tension and sag under varying environmental conditions is achieved. This enables intelligent control during the transmission line tightening process, improving tightening efficiency and accuracy, and ensuring the stability and safety of the line.

[0020] Specifically as follows: Step 1: Collect environmental data Using sensors, the temperature (t) and wind speed (V) of the tensioned wire section are acquired in real time. wind Environmental data such as tension (T) Temperature sensor: Real-time monitoring of the effect of ambient temperature on the characteristics of the conductor.

[0021] Wind speed sensor: detects the effect of wind load on conductor tension and sag.

[0022] Tension sensor: Directly acquires the tension data of the wire at the current setting.

[0023] Each sensor samples at a frequency of 100Hz to ensure time synchronization of sensor data. Data from different sources are integrated into a unified time series, and an autoencoder is used for dimensionality reduction to reduce redundant features and improve computational efficiency. Sensor measurement errors are acceptable within ±2%; if they exceed this range, a data smoothing algorithm is used to compensate.

[0024] Step 2: Define the tightening rules and build an adaptive environment rule base. Since different environmental conditions, such as high temperature, low temperature, and strong wind, have different effects on conductors, different tightening adjustment logics need to be developed for different environmental conditions.

[0025] S2.1, High temperature environment (t > t) high (40°C) High temperatures can cause the conductor material to expand and reduce tension. To compensate for the tension and prevent the cable from loosening, the corresponding tightening rule is to increase tension and reduce tightening speed.

[0026] 1. Tension T increases The specific calculation formula is as follows: in, The temperature compensation coefficient is expressed in units of 1 / °C; α represents the coefficient of linear expansion of the material; E represents the elastic modulus of the material; and A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the drive component {the cross-sectional area of ​​the cable (m²)}. 2 )}, where t represents the current temperature (°C) collected in real time by the temperature sensor. This indicates the current tension, which can be communicated to those who have actually measured it. Indicates target tension. Let L represent the initial tension, L represent the span, ω represent the weight per unit length of the conductor, and y represent the sag value, which is obtained from the sag range (max+min) / 2. 2. The tensioning speed V decreases. Reducing the speed of the tensioning process can prevent shocks caused by thermal expansion and contraction. The specific calculation formula is as follows: in, This indicates the tensioning speed adjustment factor, in units of 1 / °C, where L represents the length of the conductor. This indicates the default tensioning speed, which is generally between 0.1m / s and 2m / s, as detailed below: High-precision control (UHV lines, long-distance lines): =0.1~0.5m / s Ordinary power transmission lines (220kV-500kV): =0.5~1.5m / s Low-voltage power distribution lines (35kV and below): =1.0~2.0m / s For the sake of simplifying the calculation, we take 1 m / s.

[0027] S2.2, Low temperature environment (t <t low (-10°C) Low temperatures may cause materials to shrink and increase tension, leading to the risk of cable overload or breakage. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce tension to avoid overload. Thus, the corresponding tightening rule is to reduce tension and increase tightening speed.

[0028] 1. Tension T decreases The specific calculation formula is as follows: 2. Increased tensioning speed Low temperatures increase the brittleness of materials, so the process should be slow. The specific calculation formula is as follows: S2.3, High wind environment (wind speed) (6m / s) In winds exceeding level six, cables are prone to swaying, causing tension fluctuations or instability. The system needs to increase tension to reduce sway while simultaneously reducing speed to improve accuracy. Therefore, the corresponding tensioning rule is to increase tension and decrease tensioning speed.

[0029] 1. Increased tension in, This represents the wind compensation coefficient, which is calculated based on wind speed. Under the influence of wind, a lateral wind load is generated, causing conductor deformation, which in turn affects the longitudinal tension. H represents the initial horizontal tension of the conductor. Indicates the drag coefficient. Indicates air density, The windward area (m² / m) of a conductor can be expressed as: D represents the diameter of the wire, and L represents the length of the wire. This represents the wind speed threshold, which can be taken as... .

[0030] 2. The tensioning speed is reduced. S2.4 Comprehensive Environment The overall environmental conditions include both high-temperature and high-wind environments, as well as low-temperature and high-wind environments. Therefore, a comprehensive tension compensation and tensioning speed adjustment rule is adopted for tensioning adjustment. For high-temperature, high-wind environments, the specific calculation formula is as follows: For low-temperature, high-wind environments, the specific calculation formula is as follows: Step 3: Based on the current environmental data, call the corresponding tensioning rule from the adaptive environment rule library to adjust the tension of the thread to be tensioned.

[0031] Considering that overhead transmission lines are mostly located in the field, with variable environments, and are long with slow response, this invention adopts a gradual adjustment method to gradually bring the tension of the tensioned section to the target tension, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of tension adjustment.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the specific method for asymptotic adjustment is as follows: Based on the target tension calculated in step two Initialize the allowable error range to ±5N, activate the tension sensor, and read the current tension. If the current tension Deviation from target tension Enter the gradual adjustment process; Based on the current tension and target tension The difference Plan the tension adjustment path and set the adjustment step size. To achieve a target tension of 5%, a servo motor is activated to automatically adjust the tension gradually. The adjustment path is planned in several stages, with one adjustment performed in each stage. The new current tension is calculated using the following formula. The sign function indicates the direction of adjustment (+1 indicates increment, -1 indicates decrement). Repeat the above process to gradually update the current tension. Until the error requirement is met, the current tension approximately reaches the target tension. To represent error, we can take... 5N.

[0033] Based on the actual on-site investigation, the overall environment is more complex than that of windy, high-temperature, and low-temperature environments, with more influencing factors. Simply using the gradual adjustment method may not meet the requirements for the accuracy and stability of tension adjustment. Therefore, for the overall environment, this invention requires weighted compensation of the target tension after each adjustment when performing gradual adjustment. The triggering condition for the weighted compensation can be set as environmental parameters crossing a preset threshold and the error in the tension adjustment process continuously exceeding the allowable range. When the triggering condition is met, the corresponding tensioning rule is immediately switched, and the target tension and tensioning speed are recalculated based on the current environmental data to ensure the continuity and accuracy of tensioning under sudden environmental changes or tension fluctuations.

[0034] When performing asymptotic adjustments in a complex environment, a phased multi-round optimization strategy is adopted. In each phase, the target tension is corrected in real time, error is judged, and the step size is adaptively adjusted. After the phase ends, the adjustment parameters for the next phase are reset based on the accumulated environmental change trend and tension deviation until the current tension enters the allowable error range of the target tension, thereby improving the convergence speed and stability in complex environments.

[0035] Specifically as follows: S3.1. Using the following formula, recalculate the target tension and tensioning speed under combined environmental conditions. For high-temperature, high-wind environments, the target tension T can be calculated using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted , For low-temperature, high-wind environments, the target tension T can be calculated using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted , in, , α represents the coefficient of linear expansion of the material, L represents the length of the conductor, E represents the elastic modulus of the material, A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the driving component, and T0 represents the initial tension. This indicates the weight assigned to temperature; the initial value can be 0.5. This indicates the weight for strong winds; the initial value can be 0.35. Based on the target tension T target and current tension T current Set the step size η for asymptotic adjustment, and adjust according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted For the current tension T current Perform asymptotic adjustments with equal step sizes; S3.2. Calculate the first weight based on the real-time changes in wind speed and temperature information during the current step size adjustment, thereby optimizing the target tension; like Figure 3 As shown, the system samples 100 times per second using temperature, wind speed, and tension sensors, and calculates the impact of environmental parameters on the target tension based on data from the most recent 5 to 10 seconds. Since historical data is scarce and climate change is relatively slow, the system does not rely on long-term trend modeling, but instead adopts short-term adaptive adjustment, that is, it uses a sliding window for a short period of time to calculate the first weight to adapt to the real-time impact of environmental variables and dynamically adjust the weight.

[0036] Calculate the first weight W using the following formula. t and W v : Where η represents the step size, Δtime represents the time interval, which can be the temperature and wind speed changes within the last 5 seconds, and Δt 窗口 ΔV represents the temperature change within the time interval Δtime. 窗口 This represents the change in wind speed within the time interval Δtime; S3.3. Based on the target tension before and after optimization, calculate the target tension error corresponding to the current step length. If the target tension error corresponding to the current step length is not greater than the threshold, the threshold can be taken as 5%. Then continue to execute the equal step asymptotic adjustment in step one to adjust the tension of the next step length. If the error exceeds the threshold, a second weight is calculated based on the target tension error corresponding to the current step size. The target tension is then re-optimized, and the step size η for asymptotic adjustment in step one is executed, according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted The tension corresponding to the current step size is adjusted asymptotically in equal steps. Calculate the second weight W using the following formula. t ´ and W v ´, in, All represent constants, based on experience. The value can be between 0.001 and 0.01. A value of 0.0005 to 0.005 is acceptable.

[0037] S3.4 Repeat steps S3.2-S3.3 until the target tension is reached.

[0038] It is important to note that the schemes and arrangements of this application shown in the exemplary embodiments are merely exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in various parameter values ​​(temperature, power, humidity, etc.), installation arrangements, names, colors, logical orders, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. Therefore, all such modifications are also included within the scope of the invention, and the order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "apparatus plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein for performing the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments but extends to a variety of modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0039] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0040] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0041] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent adaptive automatic tensioning method for overhead transmission lines, characterized in that: Based on the current wind speed and temperature information around the wire section to be tightened, different tightening rules are adaptively selected to gradually adjust the tension of the wire section to reach the target tension. Furthermore, during the gradual adjustment, the target tension corresponding to each adjustment is weighted and compensated by taking into account the real-time changes in wind speed and temperature around the tensioning section.

2. The automatic tensioning method for intelligent adaptive overhead transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tightening rules are set in four types, corresponding to high temperature environment, low temperature environment, high wind environment, and comprehensive environment, respectively. For high-temperature environments, a tensioning rule of increasing tension and decreasing tensioning speed is adopted for tensioning. For low-temperature environments, a tensioning rule of reducing tension and tensioning speed is adopted for tensioning. For windy conditions, a tensioning rule of increasing tension and decreasing tensioning speed is adopted for tensioning the wire; For a comprehensive environment, a tensioning rule combining comprehensive tension compensation and tensioning speed adjustment is used for tensioning. At the same time, when performing asymptotic adjustments, weighted compensation is applied to the target tension corresponding to each adjustment.

3. The automatic tensioning method for intelligent adaptive overhead transmission lines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The comprehensive environment includes a high-temperature, high-wind environment and a low-temperature, high-wind environment. The specific steps of the gradual adjustment method are as follows: Step 1: For high-temperature, high-wind environments, calculate the target tension T using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted , For low-temperature, high-wind environments, the target tension T can be calculated using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted , ； in, , α represents the coefficient of linear expansion of the material, L represents the length of the conductor, E represents the elastic modulus of the material, A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the driving component, and T0 represents the initial tension. This indicates the weighting for temperature, with an initial value of 0.

5. This indicates the weight assigned to wind speed, with an initial value of 0.35, and t represents the current temperature. This indicates the default tensioning speed. Indicates the current wind speed. Indicates the wind speed threshold. , ; Based on the target tension T target and current tension T current Set the step size for asymptotic adjustment, according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted For the current tension T current Perform asymptotic adjustments with equal step sizes; Step 2: Calculate the first weight based on the real-time changes in wind speed and temperature information during the current step size adjustment process, thereby optimizing the target tension; Step 3: Based on the target tension before and after optimization, calculate the target tension error corresponding to the current step length. If the target tension error corresponding to the current step length is not greater than the threshold, continue the equal step asymptotic adjustment in Step 1 to adjust the tension of the next step length. If the error exceeds the threshold, the second weight is calculated based on the target tension error corresponding to the current step size. The target tension is then re-optimized, and step one is executed again to reset the asymptotic adjustment step size, according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted The tension corresponding to the current step size is adjusted asymptotically in equal steps. Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the target tension is achieved.

4. The automatic tensioning method for intelligent adaptive overhead transmission lines according to claim 3, characterized in that: Calculate the first weight W using the following formula. t and W v ; Where η represents the step size, Δtime represents the time interval corresponding to the current step size, and Δt 窗口 ΔV represents the temperature change within the time interval Δtime. 窗口 This represents the change in wind speed within the time interval Δtime.

5. The automatic tensioning method for intelligent adaptive overhead transmission lines according to claim 3, characterized in that: Calculate the second weight W using the following formula. t ´ and W v ´, in, Both represent constants. This indicates the target tension error corresponding to the current step size.

6. The automatic tensioning method for intelligent adaptive overhead transmission lines according to claim 2, characterized in that: For high-temperature environments, i.e., temperature t> The target tension T is calculated using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted Based on the target tension T target and current tension T current Set the step size for asymptotic adjustment, according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted For the current tension T current Perform equal-step asymptotic adjustments until the target tension T is reached. target .

7. The automatic tensioning method for intelligent adaptive overhead transmission lines according to claim 2, characterized in that: For low-temperature environments, i.e., temperature t < The target tension T is calculated using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted Based on the target tension T target and current tension T current Set the step size for asymptotic adjustment, according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted For the current tension T current Perform equal-step asymptotic adjustments until the target tension T is reached. target .

8. The automatic tensioning method for intelligent adaptive overhead transmission lines according to claim 2, characterized in that: For windy conditions, the target tension T can be calculated using the following formula. target and tensioning speed V adjusted Based on the target tension T target and current tension T current Set the step size for asymptotic adjustment, according to the tensioning speed V. adjusted For the current tension T current Perform equal-step asymptotic adjustments until the target tension T is reached. target , in, Indicates the current wind speed. Indicates the wind speed threshold. , , , α represents the coefficient of linear expansion of the material, L represents the length of the conductor, E represents the elastic modulus of the material, A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the driving component, and T0 represents the initial tension. This represents the wind compensation coefficient, and H represents the initial horizontal tension of the conductor. Indicates the drag coefficient. Indicates air density, The area exposed to the wind by the conductor is represented by , and D represents the diameter of the conductor.

9. The automatic tensioning method for intelligent adaptive overhead transmission lines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The trigger conditions for weighted compensation are set as environmental parameters crossing preset thresholds and errors during tension adjustment continuously exceeding the allowable range. When the trigger conditions are met, the corresponding tensioning rule is immediately switched, and the target tension and tensioning speed are recalculated based on the current environmental data to ensure the continuity and accuracy of tensioning under sudden environmental changes or tension fluctuations.

10. The automatic tensioning method for intelligent adaptive overhead transmission lines according to claim 2, characterized in that: When performing asymptotic adjustments in a complex environment, a phased multi-round optimization strategy is adopted. In each phase, the target tension is corrected in real time, error is judged, and the step size is adaptively adjusted. After the phase ends, the adjustment parameters for the next phase are reset based on the accumulated environmental change trend and tension deviation until the current tension enters the allowable error range of the target tension, thereby improving the convergence speed and stability in complex environments.

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