Multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method and system for signal generator

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method and system for a signal generator, relates to the technical field of communication signal processing, and receives a configuration parameter input by a user, wherein the configuration parameter comprises modulation parameters, filtering parameters, frame structure parameters and signal source parameters; a pseudo-random bit sequence is generated according to the signal source parameters, complete frame data is obtained by framing according to the pseudo-random bit sequence and the frame structure parameters; signal processing and matching of modulation, amplitude optimization and filtering are performed on the complete frame data according to the modulation parameters and the filtering parameters, and baseband IQ waveform data is generated; the baseband IQ waveform data is converted according to a file standard required by the signal generator, and waveform files in a WV format compatible with the signal generator are obtained. Through the provision of an operable configuration interface for the user, the user is facilitated to operate, and based on the multi-parameter configuration parameters input by the user, the frame structure is automatically configured, and waveform files compatible with the signal generator are generated according to the frame structure.

Description

A Multi-Parameter Configurable Waveform Generation Method and System for Signal Generators Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication signal processing technology, and more specifically to a multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method and system for signal generators. Background Technology

[0002] Vector signal generators are indispensable key equipment in the research, development, testing, and verification of wireless communication systems. However, existing methods for generating waveforms using vector signal generators generally rely on specific waveform generation tools. For example, the R&S SMW200A, a leading vector signal generator widely used in testing scenarios for various wireless communication standards such as 5G, LTE, and WLAN, requires the use of R&S' official WinIQSIM2 software, third-party commercial waveform generation tools, or open-source communication toolkits. The official WinIQSIM2 tool is complex to operate, has a steep learning curve, cumbersome parameter configuration, is prone to errors, lacks real-time preview functionality, has an incomplete error handling mechanism, and suffers from incompatibility issues between different versions of the SMW200A, resulting in different waveform files being incompatible with different devices. Furthermore, it has functional limitations, failing to support multiple modulation methods, lacking advanced frame structure configuration, having incomplete channel coding support, and lacking intelligent parameter optimization. In summary, these tools all have varying degrees of shortcomings in terms of ease of use, functional completeness, and compatibility, failing to meet the high-efficiency requirements of modern communication system development. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method and system for signal generators. By providing users with an operable configuration interface, it facilitates user operation. Based on the multi-parameter configuration parameters input by the user, the frame structure is automatically configured, and a waveform file compatible with the signal generator is generated according to the frame structure.

[0004] On one hand, the present invention provides a multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method for a signal generator, specifically including the following steps:

[0005] S1. Receive configuration parameters input by the user, including modulation parameters, filtering parameters, and frame structure parameters;

[0006] S2. Receive the user-input custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream, assemble frames according to the custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream and frame structure parameters, and obtain complete frame data;

[0007] S3. Perform signal processing and matching on the complete frame data according to the modulation parameters and filtering parameters, including modulation, amplitude optimization and filtering, to generate baseband IQ waveform data;

[0008] S4. Convert the baseband IQ waveform data according to the file standard required by the signal generator to obtain a WV format waveform file compatible with the signal generator.

[0009] In some specific implementations, the frame structure includes a pseudo-random bit sequence stream and optional frame structure configuration parameters, which include optional synchronization sequences, frame counters, and 0 or more of CRC check bits.

[0010] During frame assembly, a custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream and user-selected frame structure configuration parameters are embedded into the frame structure to obtain complete frame data.

[0011] In some specific implementation schemes, the specific process for generating baseband IQ waveform data is as follows:

[0012] S31. According to the modulation type in the modulation parameters, the signal generator's default encoding method is used to modulate and map the complete frame data into the corresponding original IQ signal;

[0013] S32. Calculate the signal statistical characteristics of the original IQ signal, select the target parameter according to the modulation type, and optimize the amplitude of the original IQ signal according to the signal statistical characteristics and the target parameter to obtain the optimized IQ signal.

[0014] S33. Based on the filtering parameters, the corresponding filter is used to pulse shape the optimized IQ signal to generate baseband IQ waveform data.

[0015] In some specific implementations, the process of modulating and mapping the complete frame data into the corresponding original IQ signal is as follows:

[0016] A complete frame of data of length n is divided into n / L bit sequences according to a fixed length L;

[0017] Each bit sequence is mapped to a corresponding IQ symbol to generate an original IQ signal, and finally n / L IQ signals are obtained.

[0018] In some specific implementation schemes, the specific process of amplitude optimization of the original IQ signal is as follows:

[0019] The DC offset of the original IQ signal is calculated. The DC offset includes the mean of the DC component of the I signal and the mean of the DC component of the Q signal.

[0020] The first IQ signal is obtained by subtracting the DC offset from the original IQ signal;

[0021] The first IQ signal is normalized to obtain the second IQ signal;

[0022] Adding an IQ offset to the second IQ signal yields the optimized IQ signal.

[0023] In some specific implementation schemes, the power normalization process is as follows:

[0024] The total AC power of the first IQ signal is calculated using NumPy vectorization;

[0025] Calculate the target AC power based on the power level standard of the signal generator;

[0026] Based on the total AC power and the target AC power, the scaling ratio of the first IQ signal is calculated, and the power of the first IQ signal is normalized according to the scaling ratio to obtain the second IQ signal.

[0027] In some specific implementations, the process of adding an IQ offset to the second IQ signal is as follows:

[0028] Calculate the level offset gain coefficient based on the set target value of the level offset parameter LEVEL OFS:

[0029] m=10 （LEVEL OFS / 20） ;

[0030] A level offset gain coefficient m is added to the second IQ signal. The amplitude of the second IQ signal after adding m is calculated to see if it is within the preset amplitude range. If not, the second IQ signal is amplitude-limited to obtain the optimized IQ signal.

[0031] In some specific implementation schemes, the process of obtaining a WV format waveform file compatible with the file standard is as follows:

[0032] The IQ components of the baseband IQ waveform data are sampled separately, and the I and Q signals are arranged alternately. Adjacent I signal values ​​and Q signal values ​​constitute a sampling point and are stored in the IQ-wv file.

[0033] The IQ-wv file is arranged in little-endian order and divided into blocks according to a preset length to obtain the processed little-endian data;

[0034] Obtain the standard file of the signal generator, write the processed little-endian data into the data area of ​​the standard file according to the file standard, and obtain the waveform file.

[0035] In some specific implementations, the filtering parameters include a user-selected filter type, such as a root-raised cosine filter, a raised cosine filter, or a Gaussian filter.

[0036] Secondly, this application provides a multi-parameter configurable waveform generation system for a signal generator, comprising:

[0037] The user interaction layer provides users with an input-enabled graphical interface. Users input configuration parameters according to the input controls configured in the graphical interface. Configuration parameters include modulation parameters, filtering parameters, frame structure parameters, and custom pseudo-random bit sequence streams.

[0038] The business logic layer is used to frame data according to a custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream and frame structure parameters, obtain complete frame data, and perform signal processing and matching on the complete frame data according to modulation parameters, IQ amplitude parameters and filtering parameters to generate baseband IQ waveform data.

[0039] The data processing layer is used to convert the generated baseband IQ waveform data into a format that conforms to the file standard required by the signal generator, resulting in a WV format waveform file compatible with the signal generator.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0041] 1. This invention studies a method that can be embedded in a signal generator and provides compatible waveform files for the signal generator. It provides users with an intuitive graphical interface and sets various parameter configuration controls in the graphical interface, providing users with comprehensive modulation methods and parameter configuration options. Users can input the corresponding configuration parameters through the parameter configuration controls, reducing the user's learning cost and improving the user experience and efficiency.

[0042] 2. This invention performs frame assembly and signal amplitude optimization processing based on user-input configuration parameters, ultimately generating a waveform file compatible with the signal generator, thus improving the signal generation quality. Compared with existing waveform generation tools, the waveform generation method of this application has more complete functions (13 modulation methods are selectable, frame structure can be customized, etc.), making it easier for users to operate and use, and the waveform generation speed is faster and the error rate is lower. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method for a signal generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the parameter configuration interface provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 is a QPSK constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 is a time-domain waveform diagram of the IQ signal provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0049] At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual scale.

[0050] Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known structures, functions, and configurations may have been omitted. Those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the examples described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0051] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0052] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method for a signal generator, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Receive configuration parameters input by the user. The configuration parameters include modulation parameters, filtering parameters, frame structure parameters, and source parameters.

[0056] Understandably, to optimize the user experience, a graphical input interface as shown in Figure 2 is provided. This interface includes various parameter configuration controls for users to configure the required parameters. As shown in Figure 2, modulation parameters include modulation type, symbol rate (MHz), sampling rate (MHz), and SPS (key parameter set); filtering parameters include filter type, roll-off factor, and bandwidth-time product BT; frame structure parameters include frame header type, synchronization sequence, counter bits, custom sequence, coding rate, CRC check parameters (including CRC type and CRC position), channel coding parameters (including coding type, coding rate, constraint length, LDPC code length N, and LDPC information bits K; coding types include convolutional code, Turbo code, LDPC code, and polar code); source parameters include PRBS type and bit length; and IQ amplitude parameters include target amplitude.

[0057] The graphical input interface also includes embedded display controls for IQ time-domain waveforms, constellation diagrams, and log information generated by the signal generator based on the waveform file. These controls provide users with intuitive graphical displays, helping them understand the data changes during the waveform generation process and improving device usability.

[0058] Before receiving configuration parameters input by the user, the system also loads the corresponding standard configuration based on the signal generator type of the current application (for example, for R&S SMW200A, the standard configuration is a sampling rate of 128MHz and a full scale of 32767). The standard configuration includes the sampling rate, full scale (maximum amplitude value), etc. The system initializes the graphical input interface based on the standard configuration and waits for user input.

[0059] The filter types offer three pulse shaping filter options: root raised cosine (RRC), raised cosine (RC), and Gaussian filter; the modulation types include 13 modulation schemes, including constant envelope modulation: BPSK, π / 2-BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, 8PSK, 16PSK, GMSK; and quadrature amplitude modulation: 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, QAM16, QAM64, QAM256.

[0060] S2. Based on the user-input custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream, assemble frames according to the custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream and frame structure parameters to obtain complete frame data;

[0061] A custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream can be a pseudo-random bit sequence stream that the user directly inputs into a custom sequence, or it can be a pseudo-random bit sequence stream generated based on the source parameters selected by the user. The source parameters include the PRBS (pseudo-random bit sequence) type and the PRBS sequence length.

[0062] The frame structure consists of a pseudo-random bit sequence stream and optional frame structure configuration parameters. The frame structure configuration parameters include optional synchronization sequences, frame counter bit length, and CRC check parameters. Users can select one or more frame structure configuration parameters for framing, or they can choose not to select any frame structure configuration parameters. When frame structure parameters are selected for framing, the pseudo-random bit sequence stream is embedded in the frame structure to obtain complete frame data.

[0063] Pseudo-random sequences (such as PRBS9) are raw source data that only provide a random, repeatable bit stream (e.g., a 1024-bit PRBS9 sequence in the example below). They do not contain necessary control information for communication, such as synchronization and verification, and cannot be directly used for device identification and data transmission. Therefore, they need to be embedded in a frame structure. The frame structure, as a standardized data container, integrates the pseudo-random sequence (payload) with the necessary control information for communication, forming a complete data block that the device can parse.

[0064] A typical frame structure consists of: a synchronization sequence (e.g., hexadecimal AA) + a frame counter (16 bits) + a pseudo-random sequence (payload) + a CRC checksum. For example, a 1024-bit PRBS9 bitstream is embedded as the "payload" in the frame structure. The total length of the complete frame data is: synchronization sequence (8 bits) + counter (16 bits) + 1024 bits (payload) + CRC24 (24 bits) = 1072 bits. The complete frame data is a complete bitstream. Modulation, filtering, and amplitude calibration are performed on the complete frame data. The complete frame data is also used for data identification and integrity verification by the signal generator. The synchronization sequence (e.g., AA) helps the signal generator quickly locate the frame start position and avoid data misalignment. The frame counter is used for sequential identification during multi-frame transmission. The CRC checksum is used by the signal generator to verify whether the data has been transmitted incorrectly after reception. All this information is contained in the modulated IQ signal and is ultimately written to the WV file, which is one of the keys to compatibility (data boundaries need to be identified through the frame structure).

[0065] S3. Perform signal processing and matching on the complete frame data according to the modulation parameters and filtering parameters, including modulation, amplitude optimization and filtering, to generate baseband IQ waveform data;

[0066] The specific process for generating the baseband IQ waveform is as follows:

[0067] S31. According to the modulation type in the modulation parameters, the signal generator's default encoding method is used to modulate and map the complete frame data into the corresponding original IQ signal;

[0068] Specifically, the process of obtaining the original IQ signal is as follows:

[0069] S311. For a complete frame of data of length n, it is divided into n / L bit sequences according to a fixed length L. The fixed length L corresponds to the modulation type. For example, in QPSK modulation, the fixed length L is 2, and in QAM modulation, the fixed length m is log2 (QAM order) bits (e.g., 4 bits for 16QAM, 6 bits for 64QAM, and 8 bits for 256QAM).

[0070] S312. Map each bit sequence to the corresponding IQ symbol to generate an original IQ signal, and finally obtain n / L IQ signals.

[0071] S32. Calculate the signal statistical characteristics of the original IQ signal, select the target parameter according to the modulation type, and optimize the amplitude of the original IQ signal according to the signal statistical characteristics and the target parameter to obtain the optimized IQ signal.

[0072] Specifically, the process of amplitude optimization of the original IQ signal is as follows:

[0073] S321. Calculate the DC offset of the original IQ signal. The DC offset includes the mean of the DC component of the I signal and the mean of the DC component of the Q signal.

[0074] S322. Subtract the DC offset from the original IQ signal to obtain the first IQ signal;

[0075] S323. Perform power normalization processing on the first IQ signal to obtain the second IQ signal;

[0076] The specific process of power normalization is as follows:

[0077] The total AC power of the first IQ signal is calculated using NumPy vectorization;

[0078] Calculate the target AC power based on the device power level standard of the signal generator (obtained from full scale).

[0079] Based on the total AC power and the target AC power, the scaling ratio of the first IQ signal is calculated, and the power of the first IQ signal is normalized according to the scaling ratio to obtain the second IQ signal.

[0080] S324. Add an IQ offset to the second IQ signal to obtain the optimized IQ signal.

[0081] The specific process of adding IQ offset to the second IQ signal is as follows:

[0082] Calculate the level offset gain coefficient based on the set target value of the level offset parameter LEVEL OFS:

[0083] m=10 LEVEL OFS / 20 ;

[0084] A level offset gain coefficient m is added to the second IQ signal. The amplitude of the second IQ signal after adding m is calculated to see if it is within the preset amplitude range. If not, the second IQ signal is amplitude-limited to obtain the optimized IQ signal.

[0085] It is understood that this embodiment provides 13 modulation types to choose from. During modulation, in order to map the symbols of the IQ signals, the fixed length L is 2 during constant envelope modulation. The specific modulation implementation process is as follows: BPSK: standard mapping 0→+1, 1→1; π / 2BPSK: continuous phase shift, accumulating π / 2 phase; OQPSK: Q-path delay half-symbol processing; GMSK: Gaussian filter continuous phase modulation. During QAM modulation, the fixed length L=log2 (QAM order) is used. The modulation implementation process is as follows: 16QAM: 4×4 rectangular constellation, Gray code mapping; 64QAM: 8×8 rectangular constellation, optimized normalization; 256QAM: 16×16 rectangular constellation, intelligent PAPR control.

[0086] S33. Based on the filtering parameters, the optimized IQ signal is pulse-shaped using the corresponding filter to generate baseband IQ waveform data. The filtering parameters include the user-selected filter type, supporting three pulse-shaping filters: root raised cosine (RRC), raised cosine (RC), and Gaussian filter.

[0087] S4. Convert the baseband IQ waveform data according to the file standard required by the signal generator to obtain a WV format waveform file compatible with the signal generator.

[0088] Specifically, the process of obtaining a WV format waveform file compatible with the file standard is as follows:

[0089] S41. Sample the IQ components of the baseband IQ waveform data separately, using an alternating arrangement of I and Q signals. Adjacent I signal values ​​and Q signal values ​​constitute a sampling point and are stored in the IQ-wv file.

[0090] S42. Arrange the IQ-wv file in little-endian order and divide it into blocks of 2 bytes (16 bits) of preset length (to adapt to 16-bit signed integer storage) to obtain the processed little-endian data;

[0091] S43. Obtain the standard file of the signal generator, write the processed little-endian data into the data area of ​​the standard file according to the file standard, and obtain the waveform file.

[0092] To better understand this embodiment, the following example uses the R&S SMW200A vector signal generator. Taking 1024-point PRBS9 sequence IQ data as input and QPSK (Gray Inverse Code) as the modulation scheme, after adjusting the IQ offset and gain, IQ waveform (wv) format files and constellation diagrams are generated, as shown in Figure 3, which illustrates the signal distribution characteristics of the waveform data under QPSK modulation. All data is based on the R&S SMW200A device standard definition to ensure compatibility. The specific process is as follows:

[0093] 1. Receive configuration parameters input by the user. Modulation parameters are: modulation type: QPSK, symbol rate: 2 MHz, sampling rate: 128 MHz, number of samples per symbol: 8, roll-off factor: 0.35; source parameters are: PRBS type: PRBS9, bit length: 1024; frame structure parameters are: frame header type: synchronization counter; synchronization sequence: AA; counter bit length: 16; CRC type: CRC24; CRC position: frame tail; channel coding: LDPC (648,324); coding rate: 1 / 2.

[0094] 2. Generate a 1024-bit PRBS9 random sequence based on the source parameters and frame it to obtain complete frame data (synchronization sequence (8 bits) + counter (16 bits) + 1024 bits (PRBS9 random sequence) + CRC24 (24 bits) = 1072 bits). Construct a standard QPSK constellation mapping based on the modulation parameters: group the 1072-bit frame data into 2-bit groups to generate 536 QPSK IQ symbols. Subsequent DC removal and normalization processes these 536 IQ symbols containing frame structure information.

[0095] 2.1 Generation of PRBS9 Data IQ Coordinates (Based on Input)

[0096] PRBS9 sequence generation, where the generator polynomial of PRBS9 is x. 9 + x 5 + 1, the initial seed is 0x1FF (compliant with RFC 5019 standard), generating 1024 bits (padded with 3 highest bits set to 0 to reach 1024), the first 10 bit sequence is: 11111111110000011111...;

[0097] 2.2 Original IQ signal (IQ.original)

[0098] If the signal generator to be applied is an R&S device, then the QPSK modulation mapping uses the same Gray code mapping as the R&S device to ensure phase matching of constellation points. QPSK modulation is performed on the complete frame data using the default Gray inverse encoding of the R&S SMW200A. For a 1072-bit complete frame data, it is divided into 536 2-bit sequences. Each 2-bit sequence is mapped to an IQ symbol, generating 536 original IQ signals. Table 1 shows some of the bit sequences and the generated IQ symbols:

[0099] Table 1 Mapping Correspondence Table

[0100]

[0101] (ps: Power normalized to 1.0)

[0102] The corresponding generated IQ signals are:

[0103] Q.original[0] = {0.7071, 0.7071} (based on 00)

[0104] IQ.original[1] = {-0.7071, 0.7071} (based on 01)

[0105] IQ.original[2] = {-0.7071, -0.7071} (according to 11)

[0106] IQ.original[3] = {0.7071, -0.7071} (according to 10)

[0107] 3. Signal processing and matching based on target parameters

[0108] To improve the signal quality of the generated waveform, the amplitude of the original IQ signal is optimized. The specific optimization process is as follows:

[0109] 3.1 The statistical characteristics of the original IQ signals are shown in Table 2:

[0110] Table 2 Statistical Characteristics

[0111]

[0112] 3.2 Select the target parameters according to the modulation type, as shown in Table 3;

[0113] Table 3 Target Parameter Table

[0114]

[0115] 3.3 Signal Processing and Matching

[0116] To optimize the original IQ signal, a three-stage scaling algorithm is employed: DC component removal, AC component power normalization, and addition of target offset with intelligent limiting.

[0117] 1) Remove the I / Q DC offset, calculate the average DC component of the I / Q signals, and then subtract it from the original signal to eliminate the DC offset, obtaining the first IQ signal. For example:

[0118] DC component I = mean(IQ.original.real) = -0.002 (mean represents NumPy vectorized calculation)

[0119] The DC component of the Q-path, DC_Q, is calculated as mean(IQ.original.imag) = 0.00;

[0120] Calculation formula: First IQ signal IQ_removed[n] = (IQ.original[n].real - DC_I) + j× (IQ.original[n].imag - DC_Q), for example, for the first original IQ signal: IQ.dc_removed[0]={0.7071 - (-0.002), 0.7071 - 0.001} = {0.7091, 0.7070}; it can be seen that the DC component I path is -0.002, Q path is 0.001, and the peak amplitude does not change significantly.

[0121] 2) AC power normalization

[0122] Normalize the signal power after DC removal to 1 (NRPT standard for R&S equipment);

[0123] Calculate the total AC power after DC removal: P_ac = mean(|IQ_removed[n]| 2 ) ≈ 1.000009;

[0124] Target AC power: P_target = (32767 / √2) 2 = 536838144.5;

[0125] I / Q uniform scaling: k = √(P_target / P_ac) ≈ 23169.80;

[0126] Calculation formula: IQ_ac_norm[n] = IQ_removed[n] × k;

[0127] Specifically, IQ.ac_norm[0] = {0.7091 * 23169.8, 0.7070 * 23169.8} = {16430, 16381}

[0128] It can be seen that the normalized signal power is 1.0, the peak amplitude is √2 (1.414), and the signal dynamic range is 3.0dB (RMS).

[0129] 3) Add I / Q offset

[0130] To accommodate the level imbalance of R&S equipment, preset level offsets and gains are applied to the I / Q signals.

[0131] Level offset gain: Linear gain coefficient m = 10 for -6.27dBm. (-6.27 / 20) ≈ 0.486;

[0132] Adjust the calculation: IQ_offset[n] = IQ_ac_norm[n] + m;

[0133] Limiting: Values ​​in the range of [-32768, 32767] will be limited to prevent device saturation.

[0134] IQ.offset[0]= {16430 + 0.486, 16381 + 0.486} = {16430, 16381};

[0135] IQ.offset_limited[0] = {16432, 16383};

[0136] IQ.ac_norm[1] = {-16430, 16381};

[0137] IQ.offset[1] = {-16430 + 2, 16381 + 2} = {-16428, 16383};

[0138] IQ.offset_limited[1] = {-16428, 16383};

[0139] 4) Quality assessment and filter shaping

[0140] The amplitude-optimized IQ signal is subjected to quality assessment and amplitude calibration fine-tuning to adjust the waveform amplitude to the target value (e.g., 28000) to ensure compliance with the level standards of the R&S equipment; then pulse shaping is performed using a specified filter (RRC / RC / Gaussian), where the Gaussian filter needs to be configured with bandwidth-time product (BT).

[0141] Gain adjustment (R&S standard) is shown in Table 4:

[0142] Table 4 Gain Adjustment Table

[0143]

[0144] Table 5 Filtering Process (RRC Filter)

[0145]

[0146] The amplitude-calibrated IQ signal needs to undergo pulse shaping filtering (to reduce signal distortion) to obtain baseband IQ waveform data, generating the IQ time-domain waveform shown in Figure 4. In this embodiment, an RRC filter (roll-off factor of 0.22) is selected. The specific filtering parameters and methods for using an RRC filter are shown in Table 5. Table 5 shows that using an RRC filter with a roll-off factor of 0.22 to pulse shape filter the amplitude-calibrated IQ signal allows the signal spectrum to be more concentrated, meeting the RF transmission requirements of the SMW200A device. To enable the signal generator to generate the corresponding waveform file, the baseband IQ waveform data also needs to be encapsulated into a WV format waveform file that the signal generator can recognize.

[0147] 4. WV format file encapsulation

[0148] Format recognition and parameter encapsulation convert baseband IQ waveform data into R&S SMW200A-compatible WV format files (e.g., .wv, .wvd, .wvz), ensuring seamless integration with R&S devices. Floating-point IQ data is converted into 16-bit signed integers to generate WV format files.

[0149] 4.1 IQ Sampling (Interleaved)

[0150] The IQ components of each constellation point are sampled separately, and the I / Q components are arranged in an alternating manner. Each I / Q value constitutes a sampling point and is stored in the IQ-wv file.

[0151] I0, Q0, I1, Q1, I2, Q2, I3, Q3, ... / / Sampling of the first 4 constellation points;

[0152] 16432, 16383, -16428, 16383, -16428, -16383, 16432, -16383, ... / / Specific numerical values;

[0153] 4.2 Chunked Transmission (Little Endian)

[0154] The IQ-wv file is arranged in little-endian order and transmitted in 16-bit (2-byte) blocks.

[0155] 32, 64, 33, 64, ... (16432, 16383, ...) / / IQ-wv file;

[0156] 33, 64, 33, 64, ... / / Little-endian;

[0157] 4.3 Write the standard header (1024 bytes) of the signal generator (R&S)

[0158] The file header contains the key fields of Table 6:

[0159] Table 6 File Headers

[0160]

[0161] 4.4 Writing to the data area + checksum

[0162] Write the processed little-endian data into the data area after the file header, calculate the CRC32 checksum and write it into the last 4 bytes of the file header.

[0163] 4.5 Waveform files encapsulated in WV format are shown in Table 7, which provides a partial waveform file structure:

[0164] Table 7. Final .wv file structure (partial)

[0165]

[0166] Because signal generator devices have fixed requirements for the number of samples in waveform files (e.g., 256,000 samples for SMW200A), in order to ensure that the generated waveform file conforms to the 256,000-sample standard of SMW200A, the signal needs to be spliced / truncated to adapt the waveform file to the signal generator. The baseband IQ waveform data has been filtered, and its signal length may not meet the 256,000-sample file standard required by the signal generator. In this case, intelligent splicing is required. For example: 536 QPSK symbols are obtained → after upsampling at 8 times the sampling rate (SPS=8), 536×8=4288 samples are obtained → it needs to be repeated 256,000÷4288≈60 times → spliced ​​to 256,000 samples; a cosine window is used on the sampled samples to achieve a smooth transition between adjacent segments and avoid signal abrupt changes at the splicing point. If the signal length exceeds 256,000 samples (e.g., the generated signal has 260,000 samples), then it will be truncated according to the symbol boundary: for example, if SPS=8, it will be truncated to 256,000 ÷ 8 × 8 = 256,000 samples to avoid distortion caused by truncating in the middle of the symbol.

[0167] To package the above into an R&S-compatible WV format, please pay attention to the following four core steps:

[0168] The symbols used in QPSK Gray reverse encoding are completely consistent with those of the R&S SMW200A; AC power normalization is strictly aligned to the device's 3.0dB standard; level offset and gain matching ensure I / Q balance; and all parameters (sampling rate, FullScale, etc.) and byte order in the WV file header conform to the R&S parsing specification. Furthermore, I / Q ≠ Q / I; the processing timing and symbol mapping must be precise and consistent with the R&S device standard I / Q spectrum.

[0169] Example 2

[0170] This embodiment 2 provides a multi-parameter configurable waveform generation system for a signal generator, including:

[0171] The user interaction layer provides users with an input-enabled graphical interface. Users input configuration parameters, including modulation parameters, filtering parameters, and frame structure parameters, according to the input controls configured in the graphical interface.

[0172] The business logic layer is used to frame the user-input custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream and frame structure parameters to obtain complete frame data. It also performs signal processing and matching on the complete frame data according to the modulation parameters, IQ amplitude parameters and filtering parameters to generate baseband IQ waveform data.

[0173] The core implementation code structure of the business logic layer is as follows:

[0174] class RsWaveformGenerator:

[0175] def __init__(self):

[0176] self.params = {...} # Initialize standard R&S parameters;

[0177] self.prbs_configs = {...}# PRBS configuration;

[0178] def generate_prbs(self, prbs_type, num_bits): # Generates PRBS sequences that conform to the specified type;

[0179] def modulate_bits(self, bits, modulation): # Implements mapping for multiple modulation schemes (such as Gray code mapping for QPSK);

[0180] def apply_filter(self, symbols, filter_type): # Pulse shaping filter (RRC / RC / Gaussian);

[0181] def generate_waveform(self): # Generates a waveform by integrating sequence generation, modulation, filtering and other steps;

[0182] The data processing layer is used to convert the generated baseband IQ waveform data into a format that conforms to the file standard required by the signal generator, resulting in a WV format waveform file compatible with the signal generator.

[0183] The display module is embedded in the graphical interface to visually display information such as IQ waveforms and constellation diagrams drawn based on waveform files, and outputs and displays log information during the waveform file generation process.

[0184] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Based on the technical essence of the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating multi-parameter configurable waveforms for a signal generator, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. Receive configuration parameters input by the user, including modulation parameters, filtering parameters, and frame structure parameters; S2. Receive a user-input custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream, and assemble frames according to the custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream and frame structure parameters to obtain complete frame data; S3. Perform signal processing and matching on the complete frame data according to the modulation parameters and filtering parameters, including modulation, amplitude optimization, and filtering, to generate baseband IQ waveform data; S4. Convert the baseband IQ waveform data according to the file standard required by the signal generator to obtain a WV format waveform file compatible with the signal generator.

2. The method for generating multi-parameter configurable waveforms for a signal generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame structure includes a pseudo-random bit sequence stream and optional frame structure configuration parameters. The frame structure configuration parameters include zero or more of the optional synchronization sequence, frame counter, and CRC check bits. When framing, the custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream and the user-selected frame structure configuration parameters are embedded into the frame structure to obtain complete frame data.

3. The method for generating multi-parameter configurable waveforms for a signal generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process for generating baseband IQ waveform data is as follows: S31. According to the modulation type in the modulation parameters, the signal generator's default encoding method is used to modulate and map the complete frame data into the corresponding original IQ signal; S32. The signal statistical characteristics of the original IQ signal are statistically analyzed, the target parameter is selected according to the modulation type, and the amplitude of the original IQ signal is optimized according to the signal statistical characteristics and the target parameter to obtain the optimized IQ signal; S33. According to the filtering parameters, the corresponding filter is used to pulse shape the optimized IQ signal to generate baseband IQ waveform data.

4. The method for generating multi-parameter configurable waveforms for a signal generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific process of modulating and mapping complete frame data into corresponding original IQ signals is as follows: For a complete frame data of length n, it is divided into n / L bit sequences according to a fixed length L; each bit sequence is mapped to the corresponding IQ symbol to generate an original IQ signal, and finally n / L IQ signals are obtained.

5. A multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method for a signal generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific process for amplitude optimization of the original IQ signal is as follows: Calculate the DC offset of the original IQ signal, which includes the mean DC component of the I signal and the mean DC component of the Q signal; subtract the DC offset from the original IQ signal to obtain the first IQ signal; perform power normalization on the first IQ signal to obtain the second IQ signal; add the IQ offset to the second IQ signal to obtain the optimized IQ signal.

6. A multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method for a signal generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific process of power normalization is as follows: the total AC power of the first IQ signal is calculated using NumPy vectorization; the target AC power is calculated according to the device power level standard of the signal generator; the scaling ratio of the first IQ signal is calculated based on the total AC power and the target AC power; and the power normalization process of the first IQ signal is performed according to the scaling ratio to obtain the second IQ signal.

7. A multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method for a signal generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific process of adding IQ offset to the second IQ signal is as follows: Calculate the level offset gain coefficient based on the set target value of the level offset parameter LEVEL OFS: m=10 （LEVEL OFS / 20） Add a level offset gain coefficient m to the second IQ signal, calculate whether the amplitude of the second IQ signal after adding m is within the preset amplitude range. If not, perform amplitude limiting on the second IQ signal to finally obtain the optimized IQ signal.

8. A multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method for a signal generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process for obtaining a waveform file in WV format compatible with the signal generator is as follows: the IQ components of the baseband IQ waveform data are sampled separately, and the I and Q signals are arranged alternately. Adjacent I signal values ​​and Q signal values ​​constitute a sampling point and are stored in the IQ-wv file. The IQ-wv file is arranged in little-endian order and divided into blocks according to a preset length to obtain processed little-endian data; the standard file of the signal generator is obtained, and the processed little-endian data is written into the data area of ​​the standard file according to the file standard to obtain the waveform file.

9. A multi-parameter configurable waveform generation method for a signal generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtering parameters include the filter type selected by the user, such as root raised cosine filter, raised cosine filter, or Gaussian filter.

10. A multi-parameter configurable waveform generation system for a signal generator, characterized in that, include: The user interaction layer provides users with an input-enabled graphical interface. Users input configuration parameters, including modulation parameters, filtering parameters, frame structure parameters, and a custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream, according to the input controls configured in the graphical interface. The business logic layer is used to assemble frames based on the custom pseudo-random bit sequence stream and frame structure parameters to obtain complete frame data. It also performs signal processing and matching on the complete frame data according to the modulation parameters, IQ amplitude parameters, and filtering parameters to generate baseband IQ waveform data. The data processing layer is used to convert the generated baseband IQ waveform data into a format that conforms to the file standard required by the signal generator, resulting in a WV format waveform file compatible with the signal generator.

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