Multi-axis machining device and process for coupling spiral groove

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-axis machining device and process for a coupling spiral groove, and relates to the technical field of machining, the multi-axis machining device comprises a wire cut electric discharge machine and a multi-axis tool, and the multi-axis tool at least comprises a fourth-axis driving motor, a fifth-axis driving motor and a clamp assembly; the core is that the clamp assembly is provided with the outer clamping jaw and the inner clamping jaw which are driven by the same air source and can be in mechanical linkage, cooperative clamping and automatic centering can be conducted on the inner surface and the outer surface of the workpiece, deformation of the thin-wall workpiece is effectively prevented, and the clamp assembly is adaptive to different wall thicknesses; during machining, the inclination angle of a workpiece is adjusted through the fourth shaft, the fifth shaft drives the workpiece to continuously rotate, and the fifth shaft and a cutting head of the wire cut electric discharge machine are in multi-shaft linkage, so that the high-precision coupling spiral groove is formed and machined in one step in one-time clamping. The problems of low efficiency and poor precision existing in traditional multi-time clamping machining are solved, and the machining quality and efficiency are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of machining, and in particular to a multi-axis machining device and process for a coupling spiral groove. Background Technology

[0002] Couplings, also known as couplings, are key components in mechanical transmission systems used to connect two shafts or a shaft and a rotating component. Their core function is to compensate for possible radial, axial, and angular misalignments between the two shafts while transmitting torque and motion, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the transmission system. To ensure that the coupling has good offset compensation capability, it is usually necessary to machine a spiral groove structure with a specific inclination angle on its body. The machining accuracy of the spiral groove, including its contour accuracy, surface quality and the consistency of the helix angle, directly determines the transmission efficiency, load-bearing capacity, service life and vibration and noise level of the coupling. Currently, the industry mainly uses three-axis CNC milling machines or three-axis wire EDM machines for machining such spiral grooves. When using three-axis equipment, due to the machine tool's degree of freedom, it is impossible to complete the machining of the spiral groove body and the inclined groove side in one clamping. Operators usually need to first machine the basic shape of the spiral groove, then disassemble the workpiece, readjust the clamping angle, and clamp it again before they can perform secondary machining on the inclined surface of the groove. This "step-by-step machining, multiple clamping" process mode has significant drawbacks: First, the machining efficiency is low, and frequent clamping and adjustment consume a lot of machine tool time; second, the machining accuracy is difficult to guarantee, and multiple clamping inevitably introduces repeated positioning errors, resulting in a decrease in the spatial geometric accuracy of the spiral groove and poor consistency between grooves, which seriously affects the performance of the final product. Therefore, a precision machining device and process are needed to achieve one-time clamping and one-step forming of the spiral groove of the coupling, so as to overcome the bottleneck of the existing technology where efficiency and precision are difficult to achieve simultaneously. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a multi-axis machining device and process for the spiral groove of a coupling to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] Firstly, the multi-axis machining device for spiral grooves of couplings provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: The invention includes a wire electrical discharge machine and a multi-axis fixture, wherein the multi-axis fixture includes at least a fourth axis and a fifth axis drive motor and a fixture assembly. The clamping assembly includes an outer jaw, an inner jaw, and a pneumatic pipeline assembly. The outer jaw is used to apply a first clamping force radially inward from the outer circle of the workpiece, and the inner jaw is used to apply a second clamping force radially outward from the inner hole of the workpiece. The pneumatic pipeline assembly is used to drive and control the movement of the outer jaw and the inner jaw. By adopting the above technical solution, coordinated and precise clamping of the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece is achieved, which not only ensures extremely high clamping and centering accuracy, but also effectively prevents deformation of thin-walled workpieces during the clamping process by balancing the inner and outer clamping forces.

[0005] Preferably, the multi-axis tooling is fixed on the fixed base by a mounting bracket, and a three-axis drive device is also installed on the fixed base. The three-axis drive device is used to drive the cutting head of the wire EDM machine to move along the three linear axes X, Y, and Z. By adopting the above technical solution, a stable mechanical platform is provided for realizing complex multi-axis linkage spatial motion through the coordinated work of the three-axis drive device and multi-axis tooling.

[0006] Preferably, the fourth shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting frame via a bearing and is driven by a motor. The clamp fixing housing is fixed to the other end of the fourth shaft, the clamp assembly is installed inside the clamp fixing housing, and the fifth shaft drive motor is fixed to the side wall of the clamp fixing housing. The drive gear on its output shaft meshes with a driven gear, and the driven gear is connected to the clamp assembly in a transmission connection. By adopting the above technical solution, the workpiece tilt angle can be precisely adjusted through the fourth axis to meet the processing requirements of different helix angles; the fifth axis drives the motor and gear transmission to provide continuous and stable rotational motion for the workpiece, realizing continuous processing of the helical groove of the coupling.

[0007] Preferably, the clamp assembly further includes a fixed shell, a rotating shell, and a jaw limiting plate. The fixed shell is connected to the clamp fixed shell. The rotating shell is disposed at the end of the fixed shell via a bearing and is connected to the driven gear. The jaw limiting plate is fixed to the end of the rotating shell, and its end face is radially provided with a sliding groove. By adopting the above technical solution, a reliable power transmission path is formed, which accurately transmits the driving force of the fifth axis drive motor to the gripper limiting plate. At the same time, its radial groove provides structural protection for the precise guidance and stable sliding of the outer and inner grippers.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the slide groove is provided with a limiting strip in the radial direction, the outer claw and the inner claw are slidably disposed in the slide groove, and the side walls of the outer claw and the inner claw are provided with grooves that fit with the limiting strip; By adopting the above technical solution, circumferential rotation or tilting of the outer and inner grippers during sliding is effectively prevented, ensuring that the outer and inner grippers always move along a strict radial direction, thereby guaranteeing the directionality and stability of the clamping force and improving the centering accuracy.

[0009] Preferably, the interior of the fixed shell is divided into chamber 1, chamber 2 and chamber 3 by a partition, piston plate 1 and piston 2, piston plate 1 and piston 2 are respectively slidably disposed in chamber 1 and chamber 2, and chamber 3 is formed between piston plate 1 and piston 2; By adopting the above technical solution, the three associated chambers are driven by a single power source, providing power for the core clamping action. This structure fundamentally ensures the inherent consistency of the clamping force of the inner and outer grippers during operation, and can adaptively compensate for the wall thickness differences of different couplings, thus achieving efficient, reliable and non-destructive precision clamping.

[0010] Preferably, a hollow piston rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the piston plate, and the hollow piston rod slides through the partition in a sealed manner. A solid piston rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the piston plate, and the solid piston rod slides through the piston plate and the hollow piston rod in a sealed manner. The ends of both the hollow piston rod and the solid piston rod are provided with sliding rings, and are respectively connected to the outer jaw and the inner jaw through connecting rods. The sliding ring and the corresponding piston rod are in sliding engagement, and are rotatably connected to the outer and inner grippers respectively through connecting rods; thus, when the gripper limiting plate drives the connecting rod and the sliding ring to rotate, the sliding ring slides at the end of the piston rod, avoiding the transmission of rotational motion to piston plate one, hollow piston rod, piston two and solid piston rod. By adopting the above technical solution, a nested rod-in-rod structure is used to achieve the same power source driving the inner and outer grippers; the sliding ring decouples the rotational motion of the grippers from the linear motion of the piston, ensuring that the clamping mechanism can reliably rotate with the workpiece while the pneumatic actuator is fixed and does not rotate, thus solving the problems of dynamic sealing and power transmission in rotary fixtures.

[0011] Preferably, the pneumatic piping assembly includes a reversing valve, the input end of which is connected to an air inlet pipe, the output end of which is connected to connecting pipe one and connecting pipe two respectively, and the return end of which is connected to an air outlet pipe; connecting pipe one is connected to chamber one and chamber two simultaneously through a three-way pipe, and connecting pipe two is connected to chamber three. By controlling the reversing valve, when compressed air enters chamber 1 and chamber 2 simultaneously through the three-way pipe and connecting pipe 1, piston plate 1 and piston 2 move towards each other, driving the outer gripper to radially contract inward and clamp through the hollow piston rod, solid piston rod and connecting rod, while simultaneously driving the inner gripper to radially expand outward and tighten; when compressed air enters chamber 3 through connecting pipe 2, piston plate 1 and piston 2 move away from each other, driving the outer gripper to radially loosen outward and simultaneously driving the inner gripper to radially loosen inward. By adopting the above technical solution, through simple reversing valve operation and specific pipeline connection, the synchronous clamping and release of the grippers inside and outside can be controlled, thereby achieving rapid switching between two working modes.

[0012] Secondly, this application provides a multi-axis machining process for the spiral groove of a coupling, comprising the following steps: S1: The workpiece is clamped on the fixture assembly, and the pneumatic pipeline assembly is controlled so that the outer jaw and the inner jaw simultaneously clamp and center the outer wall and inner hole of the workpiece. S2: Start the motor to drive the fourth axis to rotate, and adjust the workpiece to the tilt angle required for machining the spiral groove; S3: Start the wire EDM machine and the fifth axis drive motor, so that the fixture assembly drives the workpiece to rotate continuously. At the same time, the cutting head of the wire EDM machine performs feed motion under the drive of the three-axis drive device. Through the coordinated motion of the fourth axis and fifth axis drive motor and the wire EDM machine, the precision machining of the coupling spiral groove is completed. By adopting the above technical solution, the advantages of the multi-axis machining device are brought into play. Through one-time clamping and multi-axis linkage, high-precision coupling spiral groove forming is achieved in one step, completely eliminating the errors caused by multiple clamping, and significantly improving processing efficiency and product consistency.

[0013] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By setting up a fixture assembly, which is equipped with inner and outer grippers driven by the same air source and mechanically linked, synchronous and coordinated clamping of the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece is achieved, providing extremely high centering accuracy. Through the internal balance of the inner and outer clamping forces, the effect of clamping force on the workpiece is effectively offset, preventing deformation of thin-walled or precision couplings during the clamping process, and laying a reliable benchmark for subsequent ultra-precision machining. 2. By setting up a pneumatic pipeline assembly and a nested piston rod mechanical structure, the inner and outer grippers can adaptively clamp the coupling. Without the need for complex sensors and feedback control, it can automatically maintain the dynamic consistency of the inner and outer clamping forces and adaptively compensate for the differences in wall thickness of different couplings, which significantly improves the reliability and stability of clamping. It is especially suitable for flexible production of multiple varieties and small batches. 3. Complex clamping and adaptive functions are achieved through a sophisticated mechanical structure and a simple pneumatic circuit, eliminating the need for expensive independent servo drives and complex control algorithms. This effectively controls manufacturing costs and maintenance complexity while achieving high performance. 4. By using the three axes of the three-axis drive device and the two axes of the fourth and fifth axis drive motors to achieve multi-axis linkage, the complete coupling spiral groove can be directly and continuously and precisely machined through the coordinated interpolation motion of multiple motion axes after the workpiece is clamped once. This eliminates the errors caused by multiple clamping, improves machining accuracy and production efficiency, and realizes the technological leap from step-by-step manufacturing to integral forming. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-axis tooling structure of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture assembly structure of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixture assembly of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gripper limiting disk of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the chute structure of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed shell in this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic piping assembly structure of this application; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Wire EDM machine; 2. Three-axis drive unit; 3. Fixed base; 4. Multi-axis tooling; 5. Mounting bracket; 6. Motor 1; 7. Fourth axis; 8. Fixture fixing shell; 9. Fixture assembly; 10. Fifth axis drive motor; 101. Drive gear; 102. Driven gear; 91. Fixed housing; 92. Rotating housing; 93. Gripper limiting plate; 931. Slide groove; 932. Limiting strip; 94. Outer gripper; 95. Inner gripper; 96. Partition plate; 97. Piston plate one; 971. Hollow piston rod; 98. Piston two; 981. Solid piston rod; 99. Pneumatic piping assembly; 910. Connecting rod; A1, Chamber 1; A2, Chamber 2; B, Chamber 3; 991. Reversing valve; 992. Inlet pipe; 993. Outlet pipe; 994. Connecting pipe one; 995. Connecting pipe two; 996. T-connector. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 8 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0016] Example 1: A multi-axis machining device for spiral grooves of couplings, referring to... Figure 1-3 It includes a fourth axis 7, a fifth axis drive motor 10, and a clamping assembly 9; The clamping assembly 9 includes an outer jaw 94, an inner jaw 95, and a pneumatic pipeline assembly 99. The outer jaw 94 is used to apply a first clamping force radially inward from the outer circle of the workpiece, and the inner jaw 95 is used to apply a second clamping force radially outward from the inner hole of the workpiece. The pneumatic pipeline assembly 99 is used to drive and control the movement of the outer jaw 94 and the inner jaw 95. It achieves coordinated and precise clamping of the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece, ensuring extremely high clamping and centering accuracy, and effectively preventing deformation of thin-walled workpieces during the clamping process through the balance of inner and outer clamping forces.

[0017] The multi-axis tooling 4 is fixed on the fixed base 3 by the mounting bracket 5. The fixed base 3 is also equipped with a three-axis drive device 2, which is used to drive the cutting head of the wire EDM machine 1 to move along the three linear axes X, Y and Z. The three-axis drive device 2 is a mature technology module commonly used in this field. It consists of three linear motion modules installed orthogonally to each other. Each module typically includes a servo motor, a ball screw pair, a linear guide pair, and position detection elements such as a grating ruler. By receiving instructions from the CNC system, the servo motor drives the ball screw, thereby driving the slide plate with the cutting head of the wire EDM machine 1 to perform high-precision linear interpolation motion along the X, Y, and Z axes, so as to realize the arbitrary trajectory movement of the cutting head in three-dimensional space. The inventiveness of this invention lies in the integration of a multi-axis tooling 4 on the existing technology platform of a three-axis drive device 2. In particular, it has a fourth axis 7, a fifth axis drive motor 10, and a clamping assembly 9 with internal and external cooperative clamping functions. Multi-axis linkage is achieved through the three axes of the three-axis drive device 2 and the two axes of the fourth axis 7 and the fifth axis drive motor 10, which achieves the processing capability of forming the spiral groove of the coupling in one clamping, which is impossible for existing three-axis equipment. The three-axis drive device 2 works in conjunction with the multi-axis tooling 4 to provide a stable mechanical platform for realizing complex multi-axis linkage spatial motion.

[0018] The fourth shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting frame 5 via a bearing and is driven by a motor 6. The clamp fixing shell 8 is fixed to the other end of the fourth shaft 7. The clamp assembly 9 is installed inside the clamp fixing shell 8. The fifth shaft drive motor 10 is fixed to the side wall of the clamp fixing shell 8. The drive gear 101 on its output shaft meshes with a driven gear 102. The driven gear 102 is connected to the clamp assembly 9 in a transmission connection. The fourth axis 7 enables precise adjustment of the workpiece tilt angle to meet the processing requirements of different helix angles; the fifth axis drive motor 10 and gear transmission provide continuous and stable rotational motion for the workpiece, enabling continuous processing of the helical groove of the coupling.

[0019] Reference Figure 4 The clamp assembly 9 also includes a fixed shell 91, a rotating shell 92 and a gripper limiting disk 93. The fixed shell 91 is connected to the clamp fixed shell 8. The rotating shell 92 is mounted at the end of the fixed shell 91 through a bearing and is connected to the driven gear 102. The gripper limiting disk 93 is fixed at the end of the rotating shell 92 and has a radial groove 931 on its end face. A reliable power transmission path is formed, which accurately transmits the driving force of the fifth axis drive motor 10 to the gripper limiting plate 93. At the same time, its radial groove 931 provides structural protection for the precise guidance and stable sliding of the outer gripper 94 and the inner gripper 95.

[0020] Reference Figure 5-6 The inner wall of the slide groove 931 is radially provided with a limiting strip 932, the outer claw 94 and the inner claw 95 are slidably disposed in the slide groove 931, and the side walls of the outer claw 94 and the inner claw 95 are provided with grooves that fit with the limiting strip 932. This effectively prevents the outer jaw 94 and inner jaw 95 from rotating circumferentially or tilting up during the sliding process, ensuring that the outer jaw 94 and inner jaw 95 always move along a strict radial direction, thereby guaranteeing the directionality and stability of the clamping force and improving the centering accuracy.

[0021] Reference Figure 7 The interior of the fixed shell 91 is divided into chamber A1, chamber A2 and chamber B by partition 96, piston plate 1 97 and piston 2 98. Piston plate 1 97 and piston 2 98 are respectively slidably disposed in chamber A1 and chamber A2, and chamber B is formed between piston plate 1 97 and piston 2 98. By driving three associated chambers with a single power source, the core clamping action is powered. This structure fundamentally ensures the inherent consistency of the clamping force of the inner and outer grippers during operation and can adaptively compensate for the wall thickness differences of different couplings, thus achieving efficient, reliable and non-destructive precision clamping.

[0022] A hollow piston rod 971 is fixedly connected to the middle of piston plate 97. The hollow piston rod 971 slides through the partition plate 96 in a sealed manner. A solid piston rod 981 is fixedly connected to the middle of piston plate 98. The solid piston rod 981 slides through piston plate 97 and hollow piston rod 971 in a sealed manner. The ends of both hollow piston rod 971 and solid piston rod 981 are provided with sliding rings, and are respectively connected to the outer jaw 94 and the inner jaw 95 through connecting rod 910. The sliding ring and the corresponding piston rod are in sliding engagement, and are rotatably connected to the outer jaw 94 and the inner jaw 95 respectively through the connecting rod 910; thus, when the jaw limiting plate 93 drives the connecting rod 910 and the sliding ring to rotate, the sliding ring slides at the end of the piston rod, preventing the rotational motion from being transmitted to the piston plate 97, the hollow piston rod 971, the piston 98, and the solid piston rod 981. The system employs a nested rod-within-a-rod structure, enabling the inner and outer grippers to be driven by the same power source. The sliding ring decouples the rotational motion of the grippers from the linear motion of the piston, ensuring that the clamping mechanism can reliably rotate with the workpiece while the pneumatic actuator remains stationary. This solves the problems of dynamic sealing and power transmission in rotary fixtures.

[0023] Reference Figure 8 The pneumatic piping assembly 99 includes a reversing valve 991. The input end of the reversing valve 991 is connected to the air inlet pipe 992, the output end is connected to the connecting pipe 994 and the connecting pipe 995 respectively, and the return end is connected to the air outlet pipe 993. The connecting pipe 994 is connected to both chamber A1 and chamber A2 through a three-way pipe 996, and the connecting pipe 995 is connected to chamber B. When compressed air enters chamber A1 and chamber A2 simultaneously via the three-way pipe 996 and connecting pipe 994 by controlling the reversing valve 991, piston plate 97 and piston 98 move toward each other. The hollow piston rod 971, solid piston rod 981, and connecting rod 910 drive the outer jaw 94 to contract radially inward and clamp, while simultaneously driving the inner jaw 95 to expand radially outward. When compressed air enters chamber B via connecting pipe 995, piston plate 97 and piston 98 move away from each other, driving the outer jaw 94 to release radially outward and simultaneously driving the inner jaw 95 to release radially inward. By using a simple reversing valve and specific piping connections, the simultaneous clamping and releasing of the grippers inside and outside can be controlled, enabling rapid switching between two working modes.

[0024] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: 1. Clamping principle of the fixture assembly: The clamping assembly 9 utilizes the same pneumatic power source and connects chamber A1 and chamber A2 simultaneously via connecting pipe 994 and tee pipe 996. This allows a single pneumatic pressure signal to be synchronously and equivalently transmitted to the linkage mechanism driving the outer jaw 94 and inner jaw 95. The hollow piston rod 971 and solid piston rod 981 of the nested structure serve as the medium for force transmission and conversion. The linear motion of piston plate 97 and piston 98 is converted into the radial contraction of the outer jaw and the radial expansion of the inner jaw without delay or deviation through the motion relationship fixed by the mechanical structure itself. This ensures the homogeneity and dynamic consistency of the internal and external clamping forces, thereby automatically balancing the clamping force, effectively preventing the deformation of thin-walled workpieces, and providing inherent self-adaptive capability for couplings with different wall thicknesses. 2. Principle of power transmission: When the fifth axis drive motor 10 drives the rotating housing 92 and the gripper limiting disk 93 to rotate through the gear pair, the rotational motion is transmitted to the sliding ring through the connecting rod 910. The sliding ring rotates freely at the ends of the hollow piston rod 971 and the solid piston rod 981, separating the rotational motion of the clamping mechanism from the linear motion of the pneumatic piston. This allows the piston plate and piston rod that drive the gripper to remain stationary, ensuring the stability and lifespan of the device under long-term rotation. 3. Multi-axis collaborative spatial forming principle: Based on high-precision clamping, the device achieves precise positioning of the workpiece tilt angle through the fourth axis 7 and controls the continuous rotation of the workpiece through the fifth axis motor 10. These two, combined with the three-axis linear motion of the wire EDM cutting head, form a complete multi-axis linkage machining system. The CNC system performs coordinated interpolation of the motion commands of each axis, so that the cutting head moves out of a precise spatial helical trajectory relative to the workpiece. This solves the reference conversion error caused by multiple clamping and step-by-step processing in traditional machining, thus directly and continuously generating a high-precision coupling helical groove in one clamping, realizing a technological leap from step-by-step processing to one-step forming.

[0025] Example 2: A multi-axis machining process for a coupling helical groove, comprising the following steps: S1. Coupling clamping: The coupling workpiece to be processed is placed between the inner jaw 95 and the outer jaw 94 of the fixture assembly 9. The pneumatic control system is started and the reversing valve 991 is operated so that compressed air enters the chamber A1 and the chamber A2 simultaneously through the connecting pipe 994 and the three-way pipe 996. Under the action of uniform air pressure, the piston plate 97 and the piston 98 move towards each other. Through the mechanical linkage of the hollow piston rod 971, the solid piston rod 981 and the connecting rod 910, the outer jaw 94 is driven to retract radially inward and the inner jaw 95 to expand radially outward. This process utilizes the self-balancing characteristics of the fixture to automatically and uniformly clamp the outer wall and inner hole of the workpiece at the same time, achieve high-precision automatic centering, and effectively avoid deformation of thin-walled workpieces. S2, Spatial Attitude Adjustment: According to the design parameters of the spiral groove to be processed, such as the spiral angle, the motor 6 is started by the CNC system command, which precisely drives the fourth axis 7 to rotate to the preset angle, and adjusts the center axis of the workpiece to a spatial tilt posture that matches the processing trajectory, so as to prepare for the subsequent generation of a spiral groove with the correct spatial geometry. S3, Multi-axis linkage machining: S31: Synchronously start the processing power supply and the fifth axis drive motor 10 of the wire EDM machine 1; S32: The fifth axis drive motor 10 drives the fixture assembly 9 and the workpiece to rotate continuously and at a constant speed through the transmission between the drive gear 101 and the driven gear 102. S33: The cutting head of the wire EDM machine 1, driven by the three-axis drive device 2, performs precise interpolation movements on the three linear axes X, Y, and Z according to the preset processing program. S33: The continuous rotation of the workpiece, the spatial linear motion of the cutting head, and the tilting posture determined by the fourth axis are coordinated by the CNC system to achieve multi-axis linkage. The cutting head moves out of a precise spatial spiral envelope trajectory relative to the workpiece. Using the principle of electrical discharge erosion, a complete and high-precision spiral groove is formed on the workpiece in one step. S34: After the program finishes running, control the reversing valve 991 to switch the air path, so that compressed air enters chamber 3B, driving the inner and outer grippers to release synchronously, and the processed workpiece can be removed.

[0026] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-axis machining device for spiral grooves of couplings, comprising a wire EDM machine (1) and a multi-axis tooling (4), wherein the multi-axis tooling (4) comprises at least a fourth axis (7), a fifth axis drive motor (10), and a fixture assembly (9), characterized in that: The clamping assembly (9) includes an outer jaw (94), an inner jaw (95), and a pneumatic pipeline assembly (99). The outer jaw (94) is used to apply a first radially inward clamping force from the outer circle of the workpiece, and the inner jaw (95) is used to apply a second radially outward clamping force from the inner hole of the workpiece. The pneumatic pipeline assembly (99) is used to drive and control the movement of the outer jaw (94) and the inner jaw (95).

2. The multi-axis machining device for spiral grooves of couplings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-axis tooling (4) is fixed on the fixed base (3) by the mounting bracket (5). The fixed base (3) is also equipped with a three-axis drive device (2). The three-axis drive device (2) is used to drive the cutting head of the wire EDM machine (1) to move along the three linear axes X, Y and Z.

3. The multi-axis machining device for spiral grooves of couplings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fourth shaft (7) is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting frame (5) via a bearing and is driven by a motor (6). The clamp fixing shell (8) is fixed to the other end of the fourth shaft (7). The clamp assembly (9) is installed inside the clamp fixing shell (8). The fifth shaft drive motor (10) is fixed to the side wall of the clamp fixing shell (8). The drive gear (101) on its output shaft meshes with a driven gear (102). The driven gear (102) is connected to the clamp assembly (9) in a transmission connection.

4. The multi-axis machining device for spiral grooves of couplings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamp assembly (9) further includes a fixed shell (91), a rotating shell (92), and a gripper limiting disk (93). The fixed shell (91) is connected to the clamp fixed shell (8). The rotating shell (92) is mounted on the end of the fixed shell (91) via a bearing and is connected to the driven gear (102) for transmission. The gripper limiting disk (93) is fixed to the end of the rotating shell (92), and its end face is radially provided with a sliding groove (931).

5. The multi-axis machining device for spiral grooves of couplings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the slide groove (931) is provided with a limiting strip (932) in the radial direction. The outer claw (94) and the inner claw (95) are slidably disposed in the slide groove (931), and the side walls of the outer claw (94) and the inner claw (95) are provided with grooves that fit with the limiting strip (932).

6. The multi-axis machining device for spiral grooves of couplings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixed shell (91) is divided into chamber 1 (A1), chamber 2 (A2) and chamber 3 (B) by partition (96), piston plate 1 (97) and piston 2 (98). Piston plate 1 (97) and piston 2 (98) are respectively slidably disposed in chamber 1 (A1) and chamber 2 (A2), and chamber 3 (B) is formed between piston plate 1 (97) and piston 2 (98).

7. A multi-axis machining device for spiral grooves of couplings according to claim 6, characterized in that, A hollow piston rod (971) is fixedly connected to the middle of the piston plate (97), and the hollow piston rod (971) slides through the partition plate (96) in a sealed manner. A solid piston rod (981) is fixedly connected to the middle of the piston plate (98), and the solid piston rod (981) slides through the piston plate (97) and the hollow piston rod (971) in a sealed manner. The ends of the hollow piston rod (971) and the solid piston rod (981) are provided with sliding rings, and are respectively connected to the outer jaw (94) and the inner jaw (95) through the connecting rod (910).

8. The multi-axis machining device for spiral grooves of couplings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic piping assembly (99) includes a reversing valve (991), the input end of which is connected to an air inlet pipe (992), the output end of which is connected to a connecting pipe one (994) and a connecting pipe two (995) respectively, and the return end of which is connected to an air outlet pipe (993); the connecting pipe one (994) is connected to both chamber one (A1) and chamber two (A2) through a three-way pipe (996), and the connecting pipe two (995) is connected to chamber three (B).

9. A multi-axis machining device for spiral grooves of couplings according to claim 8, characterized in that, By controlling the reversing valve (991), when compressed air enters chamber 1 (A1) and chamber 2 (A2) simultaneously through the three-way pipe (996) and connecting pipe 1 (994), the piston plate 1 (97) and piston 2 (98) move towards each other. The hollow piston rod (971), solid piston rod (981), and connecting rod (910) drive the outer jaw (94) to contract radially inward and clamp, while simultaneously driving the inner jaw (95) to expand radially outward. When compressed air enters chamber 3 (B) through connecting pipe 2 (995), the piston plate 1 (97) and piston 2 (98) move away from each other, driving the outer jaw (94) to release radially outward and simultaneously driving the inner jaw (95) to release radially inward.

10. A multi-axis machining device and process for a coupling spiral groove, characterized in that, Using the multi-axis machining apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, the process includes the following steps: S1: Clamp the workpiece on the fixture assembly (9), and control the pneumatic pipeline assembly (99) so that the outer jaw (94) and the inner jaw (95) simultaneously clamp and center the outer wall and inner hole of the workpiece; S2: Start the motor (6) to drive the fourth axis (7) to rotate, and adjust the workpiece to the tilt angle required for machining the spiral groove; S3: Start the wire EDM machine (1) and the fifth axis drive motor (10) so that the fixture assembly (9) drives the workpiece to rotate continuously, and at the same time, the cutting head of the wire EDM machine (1) performs feed motion under the drive of the three-axis drive device (2). Through the coordinated movement of the fourth axis (7), the fifth axis drive motor (10) and the wire EDM machine (1), the precision machining of the coupling spiral groove is completed.

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