Disturbance enhancing assembly for powder conveying, pneumatic conveying system and roasting system

Abstract

The invention relates to a disturbance enhancing assembly for material powder conveying, a pneumatic conveying system and a roasting system. The disturbance enhancing assembly comprises a first barrel, a rotating shaft arranged in the first barrel, a driving mechanism in transmission connection with the rotating shaft, a second inlet and a second outlet, the rotating shaft extends in the length direction of the first barrel, and a plurality of paddles are arranged on the rotating shaft and sequentially distributed in the length direction of the rotating shaft. According to the disturbance enhancing assembly, the smoothness of the pneumatic conveying process of material powder containing blocks can be effectively improved; and meanwhile, in the pneumatic conveying process, the material powder is further refined, and preparation is made for better proceeding of subsequent procedures. The pneumatic conveying system is simple and compact in structure, the pneumatic conveying smoothness can be effectively improved, the possibility that parts such as pipelines are blocked in the process that powder is conveyed to the downstream procedure is reduced, and the good industrial application prospect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a disturbance enhancement component, a pneumatic conveying system, and a calcination system for conveying powder, belonging to the field of pneumatic conveying equipment for powder. Background Technology

[0002] With the explosive growth of the new energy vehicle market, the first batch of power batteries for new energy vehicles has entered its aging stage, leading to a "retirement wave" of power batteries. If these retired power batteries are not properly disposed of, they will pose a great threat to the environment and safety. Therefore, the recycling and utilization of power batteries has become a pain point and a hot issue in the current rapid development of the industry.

[0003] Waste lithium battery powder is typically the powdery substance obtained after pre-treatment processes such as dismantling (optional steps), crushing, and screening of waste lithium batteries. It mainly includes waste lithium battery powder, positive and negative electrode mixed powder, positive electrode powder, or a mixed powder containing the aforementioned materials. Roasting of waste lithium battery powder is a common process in the current resource recovery of waste lithium battery powder. One common method involves heating the waste lithium battery powder with air to a roasting temperature, where the powder reacts with oxygen in the air, releasing a large amount of heat energy. This heating process requires the absorption of a significant amount of heat. Therefore, the development of waste lithium battery powder roasting technology is crucial to the processing and recycling of retired batteries from new energy vehicles and is vital to the development of the waste battery processing industry.

[0004] Chinese invention patent specification CN117691230A discloses a pretreatment method and a wet recycling method for waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder. The pretreatment method includes the following steps: placing the waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder in a rotary kiln and roasting it in an air atmosphere, obtaining roasted material after roasting. This pretreatment method is used for the pretreatment of waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder before wet recycling. It mainly utilizes air atmosphere roasting to oxidize the divalent iron in the black powder to trivalent iron, while removing impurities such as binders and carbon black. Therefore, although subsequent wet recycling does not require the use of oxidants and organic solvents, greatly reducing the amount of waste liquid, this patent application does not consider how to transport the material into the rotary kiln.

[0005] In waste lithium battery powder processing enterprises, the raw material workshop for storing waste battery powder is usually some distance from the roasting workshop. Furthermore, waste battery powder often contains toxic substances, making it unsuitable for conveyor belt transport or manual transfer by feeding trolleys. Therefore, the applicant considered using pneumatic conveying for transporting waste battery powder during the research and development process. However, waste battery powder often contains binders, electrolytes, and other organic matter, causing it to easily clump or agglomerate during storage in the raw material workshop. Conventional pneumatic conveying mechanisms are prone to problems such as poor conveying or even blockages, which is also detrimental to the subsequent efficient and complete roasting reaction. Adding a powder dispersing mechanism upstream of a conventional pneumatic conveying system would increase the complexity of the conveying mechanism and easily lead to dust pollution from toxic waste powder. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, one objective of this invention is to provide a disturbance enhancement component for the pneumatic conveying process of powder materials, so as to improve the smoothness of the pneumatic conveying process of powder materials (especially powder materials containing lumps); another objective of this invention is to provide a pneumatic conveying system; and a third objective of this invention is to provide a roasting system for waste battery powder materials.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A disturbance enhancement component includes a first cylinder, a rotating shaft disposed within the first cylinder, a drive mechanism pulsatingly connected to the rotating shaft, and a second inlet and a second outlet disposed on the first cylinder. The rotating shaft extends along the length direction of the first cylinder and is provided with a plurality of blades, which are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the rotating shaft.

[0009] Thus, when the pneumatic conveying system is equipped with the disturbance enhancement component of this invention, the coarse mixture of gas medium and powder can enter the first cylinder through the second inlet. Multiple blades, sequentially distributed along the length of the rotating shaft, rotate with the shaft, generating strong disturbance to the gas-solid coarse mixture, enhancing its turbulence intensity. The powder (especially any lumps) is further and repeatedly dispersed, and mixed more uniformly with the gas medium, forming a more homogeneous and fluid gas-solid mixture. This effectively improves the smoothness of the pneumatic conveying process for powder containing lumps. Simultaneously, it further refines the powder during pneumatic conveying, preparing it for better subsequent processes.

[0010] Furthermore, when the applicant applied the disturbance enhancement component of this invention to the calcination system for waste battery powder developed by the applicant, using hot air as the gas medium, it was found that: under the action of the disturbance enhancement component, the waste battery powder is helped to expose new surfaces and make more sufficient contact with hot air for heat exchange, effectively promoting the volatilization and separation of residual electrolytes, binders and other organic matter in the waste battery powder, thereby obtaining waste battery fine powder with good fluidity, low organic content and low agglomeration, effectively improving the smoothness of pneumatic conveying and reducing the possibility of clogging pipes and other components during the process of conveying waste battery powder to the calcination furnace. Furthermore, after being processed by the disturbance enhancement component, the particle size of the waste battery powder participating in the subsequent roasting process has been further refined and the amount of organic matter it contains is quite low. The waste battery powder and its active materials can come into more complete contact with hot air, and the competitive reaction between organic matter and air is greatly reduced, making the roasting reaction more efficient and thorough, thereby effectively improving roasting efficiency and roasting completeness, and obtaining better roasting results. In addition, the roasting reaction stage is a high-temperature reaction stage. Since the amount of organic matter contained in the waste battery powder is quite low, the possibility of toxic and harmful gases such as fluorides, nitrogen oxides, and dioxins produced by the oxidation and combustion reaction of organic matter in this stage is greatly reduced. This effectively reduces the amount of toxic and harmful gases in the high-temperature flue gas, making it more green and environmentally friendly, and can also greatly reduce the burden and cost of subsequent exhaust gas treatment.

[0011] Furthermore, the second inlet is located at or near one end of the first cylinder, and the second outlet is located at or near the other end of the first cylinder. This ensures the residence time of the material in the first cylinder and the frequency of collisions with components such as the paddles, thereby ensuring a good dispersing and homogenizing effect.

[0012] Furthermore, the location of the second export is higher than the location of the second import.

[0013] Furthermore, the angle between the axial direction of the first cylinder and the horizontal plane is 0-90°, preferably 30-90°.

[0014] In this way, the fully dispersed materials can be transported smoothly, while the agglomerated materials or materials with larger particle sizes remain in the lower part of the first cylinder due to their own gravity, and can only be transported to the downstream side after being dispersed by continuous airflow and disturbance.

[0015] Furthermore, the blade comprises multiple blades, which are evenly distributed circumferentially along the axis of rotation. Even further, the blade comprises at least two blades, preferably three blades; the at least two blades are evenly distributed circumferentially along the axis of rotation.

[0016] Furthermore, the blades of axially adjacent blades are staggered. This further enhances the turbulence and flow path of the material flow within the disturbance enhancement component, and further increases the collision and contact opportunities between the powder and the blades, thereby further improving the dispersion and homogenization effect. When the gas medium is hot air, it can also further improve the separation effect of heated and volatile substances.

[0017] Furthermore, the blades are inclined circumferentially along the shaft, so that the angle between the width direction of the blades and the cross-section of the first cylinder is 30-60°. In this way, while ensuring the disturbance effect, the effective suction is increased when the shaft drives the blades to rotate, making the material flow more smoothly in the disturbance enhancement component, while avoiding the accumulation of material powder at the blades.

[0018] Furthermore, at least one of the inner wall of the first cylinder, the rotating shaft, and the blades is made of a thermally conductive material; preferably, the thermally conductive material includes one of magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, steel, and copper alloy. Thus, the aforementioned components possess good thermal conductivity and heat storage capabilities. During operation, a hot gas medium can be used, causing the temperature of these components to rise rapidly. This allows the powder material to not only exchange heat with the hot gas medium but also undergo multiple and continuous solid-solid interface conduction heating during collisions and contact with it, improving the heating effect and more effectively promoting the separation of volatile substances in the powder material. It also promotes the full exposure of the powder material reaction interface and heat transfer interface, further optimizing the conveying, pretreatment, and subsequent processing effects of the powder material.

[0019] Furthermore, the gas-solid mixer includes a second cylinder with an inlet end and an outlet end distributed along the axial direction. A first inlet, an air inlet, and a first outlet are all disposed on the second cylinder. The first inlet is located at or near the inlet end of the second cylinder, the air inlet is located at or near the inlet end of the second cylinder, and the first outlet is located at or near the outlet end of the second cylinder.

[0020] Furthermore, the angle between the axial direction of the second cylinder and the horizontal plane is 0-30°.

[0021] Furthermore, the first outlet is located higher than the first inlet. This allows for the smooth transport of fully dispersed materials, while agglomerated materials or materials with larger particle sizes remain at the front end of the gas-solid mixture due to their own gravity, and can only be transported downstream after continuous airflow disturbance and mechanical dispersion.

[0022] Furthermore, the second cylinder is equipped with a stirring mechanism, which includes multiple dispersing blades arranged along the axial direction of the second cylinder.

[0023] Furthermore, the length of the plurality of dispersing blades decreases first and then increases along the material transport direction within the gas-solid mixer, and the density of the plurality of dispersing blades increases sequentially along the material transport direction within the gas-solid mixer.

[0024] Therefore, the lengths of the multiple dispersing blades are distributed in a zigzag pattern, first decreasing and then increasing, while the density of the dispersing blades increases sequentially. Through the coordination of blade length and density, the material and hot air are fully mixed and heat transferred, while the lumpy material is effectively broken up, and the material conveying space is fully guaranteed.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes an air inlet pipe. The rotating shaft is a hollow tube, and the outlet of the air inlet pipe is rotatably connected to one end of the rotating shaft via a rotary joint. The other end of the rotating shaft is sealed. The blades have cavities that are connected to the rotating shaft, and multiple air holes are provided on the blades that communicate with the cavities. In this way, a gaseous medium (such as hot air) can be further introduced through the air inlet pipe. The gaseous medium enters the rotating shaft and flows out through the air holes on the blades. On the one hand, when the gaseous medium is ejected through the air holes on the blades, it will create another dimension of impact on the material flow within the disturbance enhancement component, further increasing its flow turbulence. This helps to fully utilize the energy in the gaseous medium to improve the dispersion and heating effects, and further promotes the separation of volatile substances, thus fully preparing for the next stage of roasting. On the other hand, when the gaseous medium is hot air, it can further increase the temperature inside the first cylinder and further increase the temperature of high thermal conductivity components such as the rotating shaft and blades. Solid-to-solid heat transfer is achieved through the collision and contact between the material and the blade components, so as to heat the powder more fully and further improve the heating and separation of volatile substances. In addition, the gas medium introduced through the air inlet pipe can dilute the original gas-solid mixture, reduce the concentration of volatile substances in the gas phase, and lower its partial pressure, which helps the volatile substances in the powder to volatilize more fully.

[0026] Preferably, a third valve is provided on the air intake pipe to more conveniently control whether air is intake and the amount of air intake.

[0027] Furthermore, from the second inlet to the second outlet, the number of pores on each blade gradually increases. Thus, when the gas medium is hot, it is ejected at high speed from the pores, forming a stable or increasing output flow from the inlet to the outlet. This ensures, near the second outlet, that the hot gas medium carrying sufficient heat exchanges heat with the preheated material, maximizing the utilization of heat in the hot gas medium and ensuring that the material is sequentially heated in the forward direction, reducing the temperature difference between the material and the hot gas medium at the second outlet. On the other hand, it allows the material to carry a sufficient amount of hot gas medium into the subsequent gas-solid separator stage, reducing the temperature drop during gas-solid separation and better ensuring the preheating effect on the powder.

[0028] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a pneumatic conveying system, including a conveying pipe for pneumatic conveying and a gas-solid separator, wherein the conveying pipe is provided with a disturbance enhancement component as described above.

[0029] In this way, the gas-solid coarse mixture enters the disturbance enhancement component through the conveying pipe. Multiple blades distributed sequentially along the length of the rotating shaft generate strong disturbances to the gas-solid coarse mixture, enhancing the turbulence intensity of the gas-solid coarse mixture. The coarse particles of the powder are further repeatedly dispersed and refined, effectively improving the smoothness of pneumatic conveying and reducing the possibility of the powder clogging pipelines and other components during the conveying process to downstream processes.

[0030] Furthermore, it also includes a gas-solid mixer, which is provided with a first inlet, an air inlet, and a first outlet; the disturbance enhancement component is disposed between the first outlet and the gas-solid separator. Thus, the powder to be conveyed and the gaseous medium enter the gas-solid mixer through the first inlet and the air inlet, respectively. The gaseous medium initially mixes and disperses the powder within the gas-solid mixer, breaking up any clumps in the powder and ensuring the powder is fully dispersed and suspended in the gaseous medium, forming a coarse gas-solid mixture. Subsequently, the coarse gas-solid mixture enters the disturbance enhancement component, where it is further repeatedly dispersed and refined, effectively improving the smoothness of pneumatic conveying. Through two-stage mixing and dispersion, the fineness of the powder can be further improved, and the possibility of the powder clogging pipelines and other components during transport to downstream processes can be further reduced.

[0031] Furthermore, the exhaust port of the gas-solid separator is equipped with a first fan, which provides driving force to propel the gaseous medium and material along a predetermined path within the pneumatic conveying system. Optionally, the first fan can also be located in other positions, such as on the conveying pipe. Furthermore, multiple disturbance enhancement components are connected in parallel and / or in series between the first outlet and the gas-solid separator. Thus, by connecting multiple disturbance enhancement components in parallel, the conveying capacity and the dispersion and homogenization effect can be guaranteed, improving processing efficiency and ensuring smoother system operation; by connecting multiple disturbance enhancement components in series, the residence time of the gas-solid mixture within the disturbance enhancement components is further increased, further improving the dispersion and homogenization effect and ensuring smoother system operation. In addition, different tilt angles can be set for the disturbance enhancement components; for example, some disturbance enhancement components can be set vertically, and some can be set horizontally, to further enhance the disturbance effect.

[0032] Furthermore, it also includes a transition chamber connected to the outlet of the gas-solid separator. The bottom of the transition chamber is provided with a third outlet, and a fourth valve is provided at the third outlet. In this way, the transition chamber can act as a buffer and block the outlet of the gas-solid separator, causing the gas inside the gas-solid separator to flow to its exhaust port. With the fourth valve open, the gas on the downstream side enters the gas-solid separator.

[0033] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides: a calcination system for waste battery powder, including the disturbance enhancement component as described above, or the pneumatic conveying system as described above.

[0034] Optionally, the battery is an alkali metal battery; more specifically, the alkali metal battery includes one or more of lithium batteries and sodium batteries.

[0035] Compared with existing technologies, the disturbance enhancement component of this invention can effectively improve the smoothness of the pneumatic conveying process for powders containing lumps. Simultaneously, during pneumatic conveying, the powder is further refined, preparing it for better subsequent processes. The pneumatic conveying system of this invention has a simple and compact structure. First, the powder and gas medium are initially mixed and dispersed by a gas-solid mixer. Then, the disturbance enhancement component further disperses and refines the gas-solid mixture repeatedly, effectively improving the smoothness of pneumatic conveying and reducing the possibility of clogging pipelines and other components during the conveying of powder to downstream processes. It has excellent prospects for industrial application and can well meet the transfer and transportation needs of powders such as waste battery powder, which often contains lumps, between different processing workshops. Furthermore, the disturbance enhancement component and pneumatic conveying system of this invention have wide applicability to raw materials, including powders containing impurities, wet powders, and agglomerated powders. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of the disturbance enhancement component according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the disturbance enhancement component according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the shaft and blades of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a simplified structural diagram of the pneumatic conveying system of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a simplified structural diagram of the roasting system of Embodiment 12 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a simplified structural diagram of the pneumatic conveying system of Embodiment 13 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the disturbance enhancement component of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the shaft and blades of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a simplified structural diagram of the roasting system of Embodiment 14 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other. For ease of description, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" used below only indicate that they correspond to the upper, lower, left, and right directions in the accompanying drawings and do not limit the structure.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] See Figures 1-3 A disturbance enhancement component includes a first cylinder 2.71, a rotating shaft 2.72 disposed within the first cylinder 2.71, a drive mechanism pulsatingly connected to the rotating shaft 2.72, and a second inlet 2.74 and a second outlet 2.75 disposed on the first cylinder 2.71. The rotating shaft 2.72 extends along the length direction of the first cylinder 2.71, and a plurality of blades 2.73 are provided on the rotating shaft 2.72, which are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the rotating shaft 2.72.

[0049] The second inlet 2.74 is connected to the first outlet 2.63; the second inlet 2.74 is located on the side wall of one end (lower end) of the first cylinder, and the second outlet 2.75 is located on the side wall of the other end (upper end) of the first cylinder. The location of the second outlet is higher than the location of the second inlet. The axial angle between the first cylinder 2.71 and the horizontal plane is 90°. The blade 2.73 includes 3 blades, which are evenly distributed circumferentially along the shaft 2.72.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] This embodiment has the same structure as Embodiment 1, except that the blades of axially adjacent blades are arranged in an alternating manner.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] This embodiment has the same structure as Embodiment 2, except that the blades are inclined circumferentially along the axis of rotation, such that the angle between the width direction of the blades and the cross-section of the first cylinder is 45°. The inner wall of the first cylinder 2.71, the axis of rotation 2.72, and the blades 2.73 are all made of steel.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] Repeat Example 1, except that: see Figure 7-9The disturbance enhancement component also includes an air intake pipe, on which a third valve 6.6 (ventilation butterfly valve) is provided. The rotating shaft 2.72 is a hollow tube. The outlet of the air intake pipe is rotatably connected to one end of the rotating shaft 2.72 through a rotary joint, and the other end of the rotating shaft 2.72 is sealed. The blade has a cavity 2.732, which is connected to the rotating shaft 2.72. Multiple air holes 2.731 communicating with the cavity are provided on the blade, and air holes are provided on the upper surface of the blade.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] Example 4 is repeated, with the main difference being that the number of pores on the blades of each blade 2.73 gradually increases from the second inlet 2.74 to the second outlet 2.75.

[0058] Example 6

[0059] See Figure 4 A pneumatic conveying system includes a gas-solid mixer 2.6 and a gas-solid separator 2.1. The gas-solid mixer 2.6 is provided with a first inlet 2.61, an air inlet 2.62, and a first outlet 2.63. The exhaust port of the gas-solid separator 2.1 is connected to a first blower 2.2 (high-pressure blower). A disturbance enhancement component as described in Embodiment 3 is provided between the first outlet 2.63 and the gas-solid separator 2.1. The discharge port of the gas-solid separator 2.1 is connected to a transition chamber 2.4. The bottom of the transition chamber 2.4 is provided with a third outlet, and a fourth valve 2.5 is provided at the third outlet. A first valve 6.5 is connected to the air inlet 2.62.

[0060] Example 7

[0061] This embodiment has the same structure as Embodiment 6, except that the gas-solid mixer 2.6 is provided with a first inlet 2.61, an air inlet 2.62, and a first outlet 2.63, as well as a stirring mechanism disposed within the gas-solid mixer. The gas-solid mixer also includes a second cylinder, within which the stirring mechanism is disposed. The second cylinder has an inlet end and an outlet end distributed axially. The first inlet, air inlet, and first outlet are all disposed on the second cylinder, with the first inlet located at the inlet end and the air inlet located at the inlet end, and the first outlet located at the outlet end. The angle between the axial direction of the second cylinder and the horizontal plane is 30°. The stirring mechanism of the gas-solid mixer includes multiple dispersing blades arranged axially. The outlet of the first fan 2.2 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment system 8 for treating the gas medium after gas-solid separation; the gas-solid separator 2.1 is a bag filter.

[0062] Example 8

[0063] This embodiment has the same structure as Embodiment 7, except that the length of the multiple dispersing blades decreases first and then increases along the material conveying direction in the gas-solid mixer, and the density of the multiple dispersing blades increases sequentially along the material conveying direction in the gas-solid mixer.

[0064] Example 9

[0065] This embodiment has the same structure as Embodiment 6, except that the first outlet 2.63 is located higher than the first inlet 2.61, the axial angle between the second cylinder and the horizontal plane is 15°, and the axial angle between the first cylinder and the horizontal plane is 75°.

[0066] Example 10

[0067] This embodiment has the same structure as Embodiment 6, except that the number of disturbance enhancement components is 3; the gas-solid mixer 2.6, each disturbance enhancement component, and the gas-solid separator 2.1 are connected in series.

[0068] Example 11

[0069] This embodiment has the same structure as embodiment 6, except that three disturbance enhancement components are connected between the gas-solid mixer 2.6 and the gas-solid separator 2.1.

[0070] Example 12

[0071] See Figure 5 The applicant integrated the pneumatic conveying system described in Example 7 into a self-developed roasting system to form a roasting system for waste lithium battery powder. The roasting system includes a silo assembly 1, a gas-solid mixer 2.6, a disturbance enhancement component 2.7, a gas-solid separator 2.1, a roasting furnace 3, an indirect heat exchanger 6, and a tail gas treatment system 8.

[0072] The silo assembly 1 includes a silo body 1.1 for temporarily storing waste lithium battery powder. The silo body is equipped with a first level gauge 1.2 for monitoring the material level. The bottom of the silo body is connected to the first inlet 2.61 through a fifth valve 1.3 (rotary sealing valve for convenient quantitative feeding).

[0073] The feed inlet of the roasting furnace 3 is connected to the discharge outlet of the gas-solid separator 2.1 through the feeding mechanism 3.1 (screw feeding mechanism);

[0074] The indirect heat exchanger 6 has a first medium inlet, a first medium outlet, a second medium inlet, and a second medium outlet. The first medium inlet and the first medium outlet are interconnected, as are the second medium inlet and the second medium outlet. The first medium inlet is connected to the roasting flue gas outlet, and the first medium outlet is connected to the exhaust gas treatment system 8 via a second fan 7. The second medium inlet is equipped with a third fan 6.3, and the second medium outlet is connected to a fourth valve 6.2 (ventilation butterfly valve). The outlet of the fourth valve 6.2 is connected to a first valve 6.5 (ventilation butterfly valve) and a second valve 6.4 (ventilation butterfly valve). The outlet of the first valve 6.5 is connected to the air inlet 2.62 of the gas-solid mixer 2.6, and the outlet of the second valve 6.4 is connected to the air inlet of the roasting furnace 3.

[0075] In this roasting system, the pneumatic conveying system 2 simultaneously conveys the waste lithium battery powder and performs pretreatment processes such as preheating, refining, and organic matter removal. The first blower 2.2 provides suction to the pneumatic conveying system 2, drawing the waste lithium battery powder and some hot air into the gas-solid mixer. Under the high-speed stirring action of the dispersing blades, the waste lithium battery powder and hot air are thoroughly mixed and suspended in the hot air. In the gas-solid separator, the waste lithium battery powder is separated from the air. The waste lithium battery powder enters the transition chamber 2.4, and the resulting gas enters the exhaust gas treatment system via the first blower 2.2.

[0076] The transition chamber 2.4 is equipped with a second level gauge 2.3 to monitor the material level in the transition chamber, ensuring that the transition chamber 2.4 and the material form a good seal, preventing gas containing volatile organic compounds and separated substances from penetrating into the roasting furnace, and also preventing gas in the roasting furnace from back-permeating into the gas-solid separator; the third outlet is connected to the inlet of the feeding mechanism 3.1 through a fourth valve 2.5 (rotary sealing valve).

[0077] The roasting furnace 3 is a rotary heating furnace; the rotary heating furnace has a rotary cylinder assembly 3.2, and the feeding mechanism 3.1 and the second valve 6.4 are both connected to the feeding end of the rotary cylinder assembly 3.2; the discharge end of the rotary cylinder assembly 3.2 is provided with a discharge hood 3.4 rotatably connected to the rotary cylinder assembly 3.2, and the bottom of the discharge hood 3.4 is provided with a roasting material outlet, which is connected to a cooling device 3.6 through a sixth valve (rotary sealing valve) 3.5 to cool the roasting material; the top of the discharge hood 3.4 is connected to the first medium inlet. The rotary cylinder assembly 3.2 is provided with a heating module 3.3 to heat the materials inside. The waste lithium battery powder and hot air are further heated in the roasting furnace, undergoing a roasting reaction and releasing a large amount of heat. Since the waste lithium battery powder and air have been heated to a certain high temperature before entering the rotary drum assembly, compared with the waste lithium battery powder and air at room temperature in the rotary drum assembly, it only needs to absorb a small amount of heat to quickly reach the roasting reaction temperature, which can greatly reduce the heating time and heating energy consumption. Moreover, the waste lithium battery powder has been fully dispersed and organic matter removed during the pneumatic conveying process, which makes the roasting reaction more efficient, complete and smooth.

[0078] A dust removal mechanism is provided between the first medium inlet and the roasting flue gas outlet of the discharge hood 3.4 to remove dust particles contained in the high-temperature flue gas. The dust removal mechanism includes a cyclone dust collector 4 and a high-temperature dust collector 5, and the roasting flue gas outlet, cyclone dust collector 4, high-temperature dust collector 5, and first medium inlet are connected in sequence. The discharge ports of both the cyclone dust collector 4 and the high-temperature dust collector 5 are connected to the cooling device 3.6. Optionally, the high-temperature dust collector is an existing high-temperature resistant dust collector, such as the high-temperature dust collectors described in the prior art, such as CN101559307A and CN110743265B.

[0079] Thus, pneumatic conveying can effectively solve the problem of transferring and conveying waste lithium battery powder between different workshops without causing dust pollution, and it is also highly efficient. At the same time, the hot air produced by the indirect heat exchanger not only realizes the pneumatic conveying of waste lithium battery powder, but also preheats and disperses the waste lithium battery powder during pneumatic conveying, which helps to ensure the smoothness of pneumatic conveying and improve the efficiency and completeness of subsequent roasting.

[0080] In the aforementioned roasting system, the high-temperature flue gas generated during the air roasting process of waste lithium battery powder in the roasting furnace can exchange heat with air in an indirect heat exchanger to cool the flue gas, facilitating subsequent treatment and emission. Simultaneously, a portion of the hot air generated by the indirect heat exchanger enters the gas-solid mixer, where it undergoes preliminary mixing, dispersion, and preheating with the waste lithium battery powder. This ensures the waste lithium battery powder is fully dispersed and suspended in the hot air, forming a coarse gas-solid mixture. Subsequently, the coarse gas-solid mixture enters the disturbance enhancement component, proceeding sequentially along the length of the rotating shaft. Multiple distributed blades generate strong disturbances to the gas-solid coarse mixture, enhancing its turbulence intensity. The coarse particles of waste lithium battery powder are further and repeatedly dispersed, exposing new surfaces. This effectively promotes the volatilization and separation of residual electrolytes, binders, and other organic matter in the waste lithium battery powder, thereby obtaining fine waste battery powder with good flowability, low organic content, and low agglomeration. This effectively improves the smoothness of pneumatic conveying, reduces the possibility of blockage of pipelines and other components during the conveying of waste lithium battery powder to the roasting furnace, and eliminates the need for gas-solid separation during preheating. The equipment and operation are simple, efficient, and have a low failure rate.

[0081] In addition, thanks to the pneumatic conveying system, the screw feeding mechanism does not need to worry about the waste lithium battery powder agglomerating or clumping due to compression during the process of conveying the waste battery powder to the roasting furnace, thus affecting the subsequent roasting effect.

[0082] During roasting, preheated and fully dispersed waste battery powder and hot air are simultaneously fed into the roasting furnace. The waste battery powder and hot air only need to absorb a small amount of heat to quickly reach the temperature required for the roasting reaction, which helps to reduce the required heating time and heating energy consumption, thereby effectively saving energy, realizing the recycling of heat, and improving energy utilization.

[0083] Moreover, the particle size of the input waste battery powder has been further refined and the amount of organic matter it contains is quite low. The waste battery powder and its active materials can come into more full contact with hot air, and the competitive reaction between organic matter and air is greatly reduced, thereby making the roasting reaction more efficient and thorough, thus effectively improving roasting efficiency and roasting fullness, and obtaining better roasting effect.

[0084] In addition, the roasting reaction stage is a high-temperature reaction stage. Since the amount of organic matter contained in the waste battery powder is already quite low, the possibility of toxic and harmful gases such as fluorides, nitrogen oxides, and dioxins produced by the oxidation and combustion reaction of organic matter in this stage is greatly reduced. This effectively reduces the amount of toxic and harmful gases in the high-temperature flue gas, making it more green and environmentally friendly, and can also greatly reduce the burden and cost of subsequent exhaust gas treatment.

[0085] As can be seen, the roasting system developed by the applicant, equipped with the aforementioned disturbance enhancement components and pneumatic conveying system, uses an indirect heat exchanger to treat the high-temperature flue gas and air, and utilizes a portion of the hot air for pneumatic conveying and pretreatment of waste lithium battery powder, as well as for air roasting. This improves the smoothness of waste lithium battery powder conveying and solves the raw material conveying problem faced in industrial processing. Simultaneously, it achieves full recycling of heat, which is beneficial for energy conservation and emission reduction. Furthermore, the air roasting effect of waste lithium battery powder is better, and the generation of toxic and harmful gases is lower. Therefore, the roasting system developed by the applicant has better prospects for industrial application and helps to realize the industrial roasting treatment of waste lithium battery powder.

[0086] Example 13

[0087] See Figure 6 A pneumatic conveying system includes a gas-solid mixer 2.6 and a gas-solid separator 2.1. The gas-solid mixer 2.6 is provided with a first inlet 2.61, an air inlet 2.62, and a first outlet 2.63. The exhaust port of the gas-solid separator 2.1 is connected to a first blower 2.2 (high-pressure blower). A disturbance enhancement component as described in Embodiment 4 is provided between the first outlet 2.63 and the gas-solid separator 2.1. The discharge port of the gas-solid separator 2.1 is connected to a transition chamber 2.4. The bottom of the transition chamber 2.4 is provided with a third outlet, and a fourth valve 2.5 is provided at the third outlet. A first valve 6.5 is connected to the air inlet 2.62.

[0088] Example 14

[0089] Repeat Example 12, with the main difference being: see Figure 10 The pneumatic conveying system described in Example 13 is integrated into the applicant's independently developed roasting system to form a roasting system for waste lithium battery powder; wherein the inlet of the air inlet pipe is connected to the outlet of the second medium.

[0090] The above embodiments should be understood as being used only to illustrate the present invention more clearly, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, any modifications of the present invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A disturbance enhancement component for conveying powder, characterized in that, The device includes a first cylinder (2.71), a rotating shaft (2.72) disposed within the first cylinder (2.71), a drive mechanism connected to the rotating shaft (2.72), and a second inlet (2.74) and a second outlet (2.75) disposed on the first cylinder (2.71). The rotating shaft (2.72) extends along the length direction of the first cylinder (2.71), and a plurality of blades (2.73) are provided on the rotating shaft (2.72), which are distributed sequentially along the length direction of the rotating shaft (2.72).

2. The disturbance enhancement component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second inlet (2.74) is located at or near one end of the first cylinder (2.71), and the second outlet (2.75) is located at or near the other end of the first cylinder (2.71).

3. The disturbance enhancement component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second export (2.75) is located at a higher position than the second import (2.74).

4. The disturbance enhancement component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade (2.73) comprises multiple blades, which are evenly distributed circumferentially along the axis of rotation (2.72); and / or, the blade (2.73) comprises multiple blades, which are evenly distributed circumferentially along the axis of rotation (2.72), with axially adjacent blades staggered; and / or, the blade (2.73) comprises multiple blades, which are evenly distributed circumferentially along the axis of rotation (2.72), and the blades are inclined circumferentially along the axis of rotation such that the angle between the width direction of the blade and the cross section of the first cylinder (2.71) is 30-60°.

5. The disturbance enhancement component according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes an air intake pipe, the rotating shaft (2.72) is a hollow tube, the outlet of the air intake pipe is rotatably connected to one end of the rotating shaft (2.72) through a rotary joint, and the other end of the rotating shaft (2.72) is sealed; the blade has a cavity (2.732), the cavity (2.732) is connected to the rotating shaft (2.72), and the blade has multiple air holes (2.731) connected to the cavity.

6. The disturbance enhancement component according to claim 5, characterized in that, From the second inlet to the second outlet, the number of pores (2.731) on each blade (2.73) gradually increases.

7. A pneumatic conveying system, characterized in that, It includes a delivery pipe (2.8) for pneumatic conveying and a gas-solid separator (2.1), wherein the delivery pipe (2.8) is provided with a disturbance enhancement component as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a gas-solid mixer (2.6), which has a first inlet (2.61), an air inlet (2.62), and a first outlet (2.63); the disturbance enhancement component is disposed between the first outlet (2.63) and the gas-solid separator (2.1); and / or, it also includes a transition chamber (2.4) communicating with the discharge port of the gas-solid separator (2.1), the bottom of the transition chamber (2.4) having a third outlet, and a fourth valve (2.5) being provided at the third outlet.

9. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple disturbance enhancement components are connected in parallel and / or in series between the first outlet (2.63) and the gas-solid separator (2.1).

10. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The gas-solid mixer (2.6) includes a second cylinder with an inlet and an outlet distributed along the axial direction. A first inlet (2.61), an air inlet (2.62), and a first outlet (2.63) are all located on the second cylinder. The first inlet (2.61) and the air inlet (2.62) are located at or near the inlet end of the second cylinder, and the first outlet (2.63) is located at or near the outlet end of the second cylinder. The axial angle between the second cylinder and the horizontal plane is 0-30°, and the position of the first outlet (2.63) is higher than that of the first inlet (2.61). Location; and / or, the gas-solid mixer (2.6) includes a second cylinder, the second cylinder being provided with a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism including a plurality of dispersing blades arranged along the axial direction of the second cylinder; and / or, the gas-solid mixer (2.6) includes a second cylinder, the second cylinder being provided with a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism including a plurality of dispersing blades arranged along the axial direction of the second cylinder, the length of the plurality of dispersing blades decreasing first and then increasing along the material transport direction within the gas-solid mixer, and the axial density of the plurality of dispersing blades increasing sequentially along the material transport direction within the gas-solid mixer.

11. A roasting system for waste battery powder, characterized in that, Includes the disturbance enhancement component as described in any one of claims 1-6, or the pneumatic conveying system as described in any one of claims 7-10.

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