Self-adaptive wind speed dust removal equipment and method based on real-time feedback of dust content

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of dust removal equipment in shield construction, in particular to self-adaptive wind speed dust removal equipment and method based on real-time feedback of dust content. The problem that dust treatment is difficult in tunnel construction in the prior art is solved. The signal input end of the central control part is connected with the dust concentration acquisition part, and the signal output end of the central control part is connected with the dust removal part to control opening and closing of the dust removal part. The tunnel dust removal system has the advantages that overall planning and scheduling are achieved, and effective dust removal in tunnel construction, especially effective dust removal of key working parts, is efficiently completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust control technology in tunnel construction, and in particular to the need for dynamic control of dust concentration in construction such as TBM excavation and drill-and-blast methods. It provides an adaptive wind speed dust removal device and method based on real-time feedback of dust content. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnels are engineering structures buried underground, representing a form of human utilization of underground space. Tunnels can be categorized into traffic tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, municipal tunnels, mining tunnels, and military tunnels.

[0003] With the improvement of transportation and distance, tunnels are gradually increasing. However, there are also many occupational hazards in tunnel construction, which endanger the health of construction workers and cause occupational diseases.

[0004] Dust during tunnel construction includes: Original dust: Dust generated before mining due to geological processes and changes, existing in the bedding, joints, and fissures of the rock mass.

[0005] Dust is generated in rocks under the pressure of explosive explosion, accompanied by the appearance of numerous fissures.

[0006] Dust is generated during the drilling, spoil transportation, and other processes when rocks are subjected to friction, impact, and compression. Additionally, during shotcrete construction, the high-pressure airflow blowing out cement and fine sand also generates a large amount of dust.

[0007] Existing technologies for dust control in tunnel construction suffer from the following challenges: Fixed wind speed in existing dust collection systems: Traditional equipment cannot dynamically adjust wind speed based on dust concentration, resulting in insufficient dust removal at high concentrations and energy waste at low concentrations. Lack of intelligent linkage: Dust collection equipment operates independently without coordinated control with the ventilation system, leading to secondary dust diffusion. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop intelligent suction-type dust collection equipment and methods for tunnel construction. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide an adaptive wind speed dust removal device and method based on real-time feedback of dust content.

[0009] The specific solution of this invention is: Design an adaptive wind speed dust removal device based on real-time feedback of dust content, including a central control unit and a dust removal unit. The signal input terminal of the central control unit is connected to the dust concentration acquisition unit, and the signal output terminal is connected to the dust removal unit to control the opening and closing of the dust removal unit. The dust concentration acquisition component includes laser scattering dust sensors deployed at the equipment air inlet and key sections of the tunnel. The dust removal component includes a wind-guided dust removal duct mechanism and a water bath dust removal assembly; the air outlet of the wind-guided dust removal duct mechanism is located at the bottom of the liquid flow of the water bath dust removal assembly to form gas-solid separation between the gas outlet of the dust removal assembly and the water area when bubbles are generated from the dust removal duct outlet. The volume of the inner cylinder is smaller than that of the outer cylinder.

[0010] In practice, the laser scattering dust sensor is also equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and a harmful gas detection unit within a 20 cubic decimeter range.

[0011] In specific implementation, the water bath dust removal component includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder with the bottom liquid level connected. The inner cylinder is provided with a bottom liquid tank from bottom to top, at least one deceleration and diversion net and a top stirring component. The wind-guided dust removal duct includes an intake fan. The intake fan is connected to an air inlet duct and an air outlet duct. The starting point of the air inlet duct is located at the air inlet end of the equipment and the key section of the tunnel. The air outlet of the air outlet duct is located in the bottom liquid tank.

[0012] In practice, the deceleration and diversion networks are provided with a relative installation angle of not less than 5 degrees.

[0013] In practice, the bottom of the inner cylinder is just connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder at the middle, and holes are opened around the bottom of the inner cylinder.

[0014] In specific implementation, the installation direction of the air outlet of the air outlet duct is perpendicular to the crown surface of the spherical crown.

[0015] In practice, the inner cylinder is provided with an overflow hole.

[0016] In practice, sedimentation sludge collection tanks are set on both sides, and discharge holes are provided at the bottom of the corresponding tanks.

[0017] A measurement method using an adaptive wind speed dust removal device based on real-time feedback of dust content includes the following steps: (1). Data acquisition: During the tunnel construction process, dust concentration acquisition components, temperature and humidity sensors and harmful gas detection units are installed at the end monitoring point. The dust concentration information, temperature and humidity information and harmful gas emission information of the end monitoring point are collected at a frequency of not less than 12 times per minute. The data is transmitted to the central control component via industrial WiFi 6. (2). Scheme establishment: The central control unit predicts the dust diffusion trend based on the preset threshold and historical data training model and outputs wind speed command; the variable frequency fan runs at the target wind speed, and the dust-laden airflow enters the inner cylinder through the fan and pipe. The dust-laden airflow passes through the deceleration and diversion net and the agitator in sequence. The dust in the airflow is fully absorbed by the solution and then clean air is discharged through the exhaust hole; the dust absorption solution in the inner cylinder is connected to the outer cylinder. The bottom of the outer cylinder is relatively low, and the dust settles at the bottom of the outer cylinder, which is convenient for manual cleaning of the sediment. (3) Data feedback: The exhaust port is equipped with a dust concentration collection component to collect the exhaust concentration. When the particle size in the exhaust concentration is large, the speed reduction and diversion net is rotated to increase the relative angle between them to break large bubbles and improve the stirring efficiency.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It can quickly sample the dust concentration in key areas and formulate reasonable dust removal solutions; The design of the multi-layer deceleration and diversion mesh can minimize the surface tension of bubbles, thereby avoiding the generation of large bubbles. After the bubbles are broken up, it can further improve the stirring effect, that is, improve the dust removal effect in the bubbles. The design of connecting and overflowing can, on the one hand, promote the gas-solid separation effect inside the bubbles by using a water bath-like effect, and on the other hand, ensure that there is no excessive liquid impact when the variable frequency motor is working at high power, thus avoiding the formation of air chambers at the top. The installation direction of the air outlet of the air outlet duct is perpendicular to the crown surface of the spherical crown, which can achieve a gas impact effect between the air outlet and the crown surface, which is more conducive to the dispersal of air bubbles; In the field of tunnel construction, the equipment is small in size, easy to move, and flexible in use. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a right view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] The components in the diagram are as follows: 1. Intake fan; 2. Dust concentration collection component; 3. Air duct; 4. Sediment sludge; 5. Outer cylinder; 6. Inner cylinder; 7. Overflow hole; 8. Variable frequency motor; 9. Agitator; 10. Exhaust hole; 11. Connecting hole; 12. Deceleration and diversion mesh. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Example 1

[0022] An adaptive wind speed dust removal device and method based on real-time feedback of dust content, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 It includes a central control unit and a dust removal unit, wherein the signal input terminal of the central control unit is connected to the dust concentration acquisition unit 2, and the signal output terminal is connected to the dust removal unit to control the opening and closing of the dust removal unit; The dust concentration acquisition component 2 includes laser scattering dust sensors deployed at the air inlet of the equipment and at key sections of the tunnel. The dust removal component includes a wind-guided dust removal duct mechanism and a water bath dust removal assembly; the output end of the air duct 3 of the wind-guided dust removal duct mechanism is located at the bottom of the liquid flow of the water bath dust removal assembly, so as to form gas-solid separation between the gas outlet of the dust removal assembly and the water area when the bubbles are released from the dust removal duct outlet. The volume of the inner cylinder is smaller than that of the outer cylinder.

[0023] The laser scattering dust sensor is also equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and a harmful gas detection unit within a 20 cubic decimeter range.

[0024] During operation, dust-laden air is sensed and drawn into the duct, then guided to the water bath dust collection component. It first rushes to the bottom of the inner cylinder, then floats upwards under the influence of the rotating water flow. During this upward movement, it is continuously dispersed, rising in a manner similar to aeration. Large dust particles are adsorbed onto the liquid and flow with it, or dissolve in the liquid, while clean air escapes. The interconnected inner and outer cylinders ensure both agitation in the inner cylinder and sedimentation in the outer cylinder. The settled liquid in the outer cylinder lowers the solution saturation, preventing oversaturation and ensuring effective dust collection. Furthermore, the interconnected design guarantees stable pressure.

[0025] The temperature and humidity sensor and the harmful gas detection unit are improvements made to this technology because dust often contains harmful gases, making this installation location more targeted.

[0026] The water bath dust removal assembly includes an outer cylinder 5 and an inner cylinder 6 connected at the bottom liquid level. The inner cylinder 6 has a bottom liquid tank arranged from bottom to top, at least one deceleration and diversion net, and a top stirring component 9. The wind-guided dust removal duct includes an intake fan 1, which is connected to an air inlet duct and an air outlet duct. The starting point of the air inlet duct is located at the air inlet end of the equipment and the key section of the tunnel, and the air outlet of the air outlet duct is located in the bottom liquid tank.

[0027] The deceleration and flow-diverting meshes are installed at a relative angle of no less than 5 degrees. The attached diagram only shows one deceleration and flow-diverting mesh; in practice, multiple meshes spaced at least 5 cm apart can be used. The design aims to improve the effect of bubble dispersion, reduce bubble surface tension, and prevent bubbles from being pushed under the mesh of the deceleration and flow-diverting mesh. In particular, the relative angle between the deceleration and flow-diverting meshes guides the bubble flow obliquely, meaning it is not coaxial with the holes of the deceleration and flow-diverting mesh. This oblique direction further reduces the surface tension of the bubbles.

[0028] The bottom of the inner cylinder 6 is directly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 5 at the middle, and the bottom of the inner cylinder 6 has openings around its perimeter. These openings allow for communication between the inner and outer cylinders. Especially in the working environment, the openings are positioned as low as possible in the outer cylinder, ensuring that a siphon force is generated during the upward movement of gas in the inner cylinder. This siphon force guides the low-saturation liquid in the outer cylinder to flow slowly and smoothly into the inner cylinder. Furthermore, because the volume of the inner cylinder is smaller than that of the outer cylinder, the flow process is ensured to be relatively slow and stable, preventing the stirring up of large particles that have already settled.

[0029] The air outlet of the air duct is installed perpendicular to the crown surface of the spherical shape.

[0030] The inner cylinder 6 is provided with an overflow hole 7. The overflow hole can, on the one hand, allow excess liquid to be discharged when the equipment is operating at high power, thus avoiding the formation of air chambers in dead corners without vents. On the other hand, it is equivalent to having an extra vent when operating at low power.

[0031] Both sides are set as sedimentation sludge collection tanks, and the corresponding bottom is provided with discharge holes.

[0032] A measurement method using an adaptive wind speed dust removal device based on real-time feedback of dust content includes the following steps: (1). Data acquisition: During the tunnel construction process, a dust concentration acquisition component 2, a temperature and humidity sensor and a harmful gas detection unit are installed at the end monitoring point. The dust concentration information, temperature and humidity information and harmful gas emission information of the end monitoring point are collected at a frequency of not less than 12 times per minute. The data is transmitted to the central control component via industrial WiFi 6. (2). Scheme establishment: The central control component predicts the dust diffusion trend based on the preset threshold and historical data training model and outputs wind speed command; the variable frequency fan runs at the target wind speed, and the dust-laden airflow enters the inner cylinder 6 through the fan and pipe. The dust-laden airflow passes through the deceleration and diversion net and the agitator in sequence. The dust in the airflow is fully absorbed by the solution, and then clean air is discharged through the exhaust hole 10; the dust-absorbing solution in the inner cylinder 6 is connected to the outer cylinder 5. The bottom of the outer cylinder 5 is relatively low, and the dust settles at the bottom of the outer cylinder 5, which is convenient for manual cleaning of the sediment sludge 4; (3). Data feedback: Dust concentration collection component 2 is set in exhaust port 10 to collect exhaust concentration. When the particle size in the exhaust concentration is large, the deceleration diversion net is rotated to increase the relative angle between them to break large bubbles and improve stirring efficiency.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive wind speed dust removal device based on real-time feedback of dust content, characterized in that: It includes a central control unit and a dust removal unit, wherein the signal input terminal of the central control unit is connected to the dust concentration acquisition unit (2), and the signal output terminal is connected to the dust removal unit to control the opening and closing of the dust removal unit; The dust concentration acquisition component (2) includes laser scattering dust sensors deployed at the air inlet of the equipment and at key sections of the tunnel. The dust removal components include a wind-guided dust removal duct mechanism and a water bath dust removal assembly; the output end of the air duct (3) of the wind-guided dust removal duct mechanism is located at the bottom of the liquid flow of the water bath dust removal assembly to form gas-solid separation between the gas outlet of the dust removal assembly and the water area when the air bubbles are discharged from the dust removal duct outlet and the water area. The volume of the inner cylinder is smaller than that of the outer cylinder.

2. The adaptive wind speed dust removal device based on real-time dust content feedback as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The laser scattering dust sensor is also equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and a harmful gas detection unit within a 20 cubic decimeter range.

3. The adaptive wind speed dust removal device based on real-time feedback of dust content as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The water bath dust removal assembly includes an outer cylinder (5) and an inner cylinder (6) with the bottom liquid level connected. The inner cylinder (6) is provided with a bottom liquid tank from bottom to top, at least one deceleration and diversion net and a top stirring component (9). The wind-guided dust removal pipeline includes an intake fan (1). The intake fan (1) is connected to an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. The starting point of the air inlet pipe is located at the air inlet end of the equipment and the key section of the tunnel. The air outlet of the air outlet pipe is located in the bottom liquid tank.

4. The adaptive wind speed dust removal device based on real-time feedback of dust content as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The deceleration and diversion meshes are provided with a relative installation angle of not less than 5 degrees.

5. The adaptive wind speed dust removal device based on real-time feedback of dust content as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner cylinder (6) is just connected to the middle of the bottom of the outer cylinder (5), and the bottom of the inner cylinder (6) has holes around its perimeter.

6. The adaptive wind speed dust removal device based on real-time feedback of dust content as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner cylinder (6) is spherical, and the installation direction of the air outlet of the air outlet pipe is perpendicular to the crown surface of the spherical shape.

7. The adaptive wind speed dust removal device based on real-time feedback of dust content as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (6) is provided with an overflow hole (7).

8. The adaptive wind speed dust removal device based on real-time feedback of dust content as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (5) has an inverted U-shaped cross section, with sedimentation sludge (4) collection tanks on both sides and a discharge hole at the bottom.

9. A measurement method, using the adaptive wind speed dust removal equipment and method based on real-time feedback of dust content as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Data acquisition: During the tunnel construction process, dust concentration acquisition device (2), temperature and humidity sensor and harmful gas detection unit are installed at the end monitoring point. The dust concentration information, temperature and humidity information and harmful gas emission information of the end monitoring point are collected at a frequency of not less than 12 times per minute. The data is transmitted to the central control unit via industrial WiFi 6. (2). Scheme establishment: The central control component predicts the dust diffusion trend based on the preset threshold and historical data training model and outputs wind speed command; the variable frequency fan runs at the target wind speed, and the dust-laden airflow enters the inner cylinder (6) through the fan and pipe. The dust-laden airflow passes through the deceleration and diversion net and the agitator in sequence. The dust in the airflow is fully absorbed by the solution, and then clean air is discharged through the exhaust hole (10); the dust-absorbing solution in the inner cylinder (6) is connected to the outer cylinder (5). The bottom of the outer cylinder (5) is relatively low, and the dust settles to the bottom of the outer cylinder (5), which is convenient for manual cleaning of the sediment (4). (3). Data feedback: The exhaust port (10) is equipped with a dust concentration collection component (2) to collect the exhaust concentration. When the particle size in the exhaust concentration is large, the rotating deceleration diversion net increases the relative angle between them to break large bubbles and improve the stirring efficiency.

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