Method for evaluating full life cycle performance of elevator guide system

Abstract

The invention provides an elevator guide system full life cycle performance evaluation method. The method comprises the steps that S1, a single guide rail with an initial deflection limit value and a fitting three-dimensional model are prepared; s2, designing a guiding system structure according to the elevator design parameters; s3, constructing a three-dimensional model of an actual lifting height guiding system assembly according to the installation error limit; s4, importing a finite element analysis model and carrying out grid division; s5, setting bolt pre-tightening, gravity, safety tongs action load and building contraction load; s6, carrying out multi-step load finite element analysis calculation and obtaining a convergence result; s7, judging whether the guide rail strength and the deformation limit value are met or not and whether other parts meet the strength requirement or not; if yes, determining that the guide system design is qualified; if not, returning to the step S2, and repeating the steps S2 to S7 until the design of the guidance system is judged to be qualified; according to the invention, the strength performance and the comfort performance are comprehensively evaluated; and comprehensive evaluation of the guiding system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevator technology, and in particular to a method for evaluating the performance of an elevator guidance system throughout its entire life cycle. Background Technology

[0002] Elevator guide rails primarily limit and guide the elevator car during operation, and their verticality is a crucial factor affecting passenger comfort. Excessive guide rail deformation can even reduce the performance of the safety clamps, posing a safety hazard. While the national standard GB_T7588.2-2020 provides detailed specifications for guide rail strength, it lacks a specific formula for calculating the impact of building shrinkage on guide rail deflection. Furthermore, previous guide rail strength calculations only considered the guide rail's own deformation, neglecting the influence of the stiffness of the supports and connecting plates, as well as the retaining force of the clamps. Therefore, a method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of elevator guidance systems is needed to address these technical issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of elevator guidance systems. By utilizing simulation tools, the guide rail, pressure plate, connecting plate, support frame, and guide rail base are integrated into the study of the guidance system. The method considers the entire life-cycle conditions of the elevator, including manufacturing, installation, gravity, building shrinkage, and safety brake, to more thoroughly test the strength of the guide rail and comprehensively evaluate its strength and comfort performance, thus achieving a comprehensive assessment of the guidance system.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of an elevator guidance system, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step S1: Prepare a 3D model of a single guide rail and its accessories with initial deflection limits;

[0006] Step S2: Design the guidance system structure according to the elevator design parameters;

[0007] Step S3: Construct a three-dimensional model of the actual lifting height guide system assembly based on the installation error limit;

[0008] Step S4: Import the finite element analysis model and perform mesh generation;

[0009] Step S5: Set bolt preload, gravity, safety clamp action load, and building shrinkage load;

[0010] Step S6: Perform multi-step load finite element analysis and obtain convergence results;

[0011] Step S7: Determine whether the guide rail strength and deformation limits are met, and whether other parts meet the strength requirements. If they are met, the guide system design is deemed qualified. If not, return to step S2 and repeat steps S2 to S7 until the guide rail strength and deformation limits are met and other parts meet the strength requirements.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, a three-dimensional model considering actual processing and installation errors is used. The guide rail has an initial processing deflection, and the guide rails are connected by a connecting plate. The connection has a specified installation gap, which matches the actual lifting height of the elevator in the entire guide system model.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, a finite element analysis model of the elevator's full life cycle load step is considered, taking into account installation, gravity, building shrinkage, and safety clamp action. The guide rail is fixed to the support frame by clamps, and the support frame is fixed to the shaft wall. The model load considers the preload of the installation bolts, gravity load, building shrinkage load in the first few years of elevator operation, and impact load when the safety clamp action occurs.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure bar can undergo elastic or plastic deformation to offset the gap between the pressure bar and the support frame. When the pressure bar exceeds the set load, it may slide relative to the guide rail. The support frame is a combined structure.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the impact load during the operation of the safety clamp is a three-dimensional spatial load, not a single-direction load.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the three-dimensional model of the accessory includes a support frame, a pressure plate, and a connecting plate.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the performance evaluation includes, but is not limited to, whether the maximum deflection of the guide rail, the maximum stress of the guide rail, the pressure plate, the support frame, the connecting plate and other accessories meet the safety limits; when the safety clamp is activated, the worst-case scenario is evaluated, that is, the maximum load of the safety clamp is applied to the maximum deflection of the guide rail after the building shrinks; the location of the maximum deflection is determined by an additional building shrinkage simulation.

[0018] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention utilizes simulation tools to integrate the guide rail, pressure plate, connecting plate, support frame, and guide rail base into a unified guide system study. It considers the entire life cycle conditions of the elevator, including manufacturing, installation, gravity, building shrinkage, and safety brake, to more fully test the strength of the guide rail and comprehensively evaluate its strength and comfort performance; thus achieving a comprehensive assessment of the guide system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the framework of a method for evaluating the full life cycle performance of an elevator guidance system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the guidance system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the processing and installation error structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the load step framework of the finite element analysis model in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are: 1-guide rail, 2-pressure plate, 3-support frame, 4-connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 A method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of an elevator guidance system includes the following steps:

[0029] Step S1: Prepare a 3D model of a single guide rail and its accessories with initial deflection limits;

[0030] Step S2: Design the guidance system structure according to the elevator design parameters;

[0031] Step S3: Construct a three-dimensional model of the actual lifting height guide system assembly based on the installation error limit;

[0032] Step S4: Import the finite element analysis model and perform mesh generation;

[0033] Step S5: Set bolt preload, gravity, safety clamp action load, and building shrinkage load;

[0034] Step S6: Perform multi-step load finite element analysis and obtain convergence results;

[0035] Step S7: Determine whether the guide rail strength and deformation limits are met, and whether other parts meet the strength requirements. If they are met, the guide system design is deemed qualified. If not, return to step S2 and repeat steps S2 to S7 until the guide rail strength and deformation limits are met and other parts meet the strength requirements.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, in step S1, a three-dimensional model considering actual processing and installation errors is used. The guide rail has an initial processing deflection, and the guide rails are connected by a connecting plate. The connection has a specified installation gap, which matches the actual lifting height of the elevator in the entire guide system model.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, in step S4, a finite element analysis model of the elevator's full life-cycle load step is considered, taking into account installation, gravity, building shrinkage, and safety clamp action. The guide rail is fixed to the support frame by clamps, and the support frame is fixed to the shaft wall. The model load considers the preload of the installation bolts, gravity load, building shrinkage load in the early years of elevator operation, and impact load when the safety clamp action occurs.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, the pressure bar can undergo elastic or plastic deformation to offset the gap between the pressure bar and the support frame. When the pressure bar exceeds the set load, it may slide relative to the guide rail. The support frame is a combined structure.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the impact load during the operation of the safety clamp is a three-dimensional spatial load, not a single-direction load.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment, in step S1, the three-dimensional model of the accessory includes a support frame, a pressure plate, and a connecting plate.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the performance evaluation includes, but is not limited to, whether the maximum deflection of the guide rail, the maximum stress of the guide rail, the pressure plate, the support frame, the connecting plate and other accessories meet the safety limits; when the safety clamp is activated, the worst-case scenario is evaluated, that is, the maximum load of the safety clamp is applied to the maximum deflection of the guide rail after the building shrinks; the location of the maximum deflection is determined by an additional building shrinkage simulation.

[0042] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 4 A method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of an elevator guidance system is proposed, which includes a three-dimensional model considering actual manufacturing and installation errors, and a finite element analysis model considering the load steps throughout the elevator's life-cycle, such as installation, gravity, building shrinkage, and safety clamp actions. The method for evaluating the guidance system performance is as follows:

[0043] 1.1 Considering the actual processing and installation errors, the guide rail 1 is a guide rail with initial processing deflection. The guide rails are connected by the connecting plate 4. The connection has a specified limit of installation gap. The height of the entire guide system model matches the actual lifting height of the elevator.

[0044] 1.2 A finite element analysis model is used to consider the load steps of the elevator throughout its entire life cycle, including installation, gravity, building shrinkage, and safety clamp action. The guide rail 1 is fixed to the support frame 3 by the clamp 2, and the support frame 3 is fixed to the shaft wall. The model loads include the preload of the installation bolts, gravity load, building shrinkage load in the first few years of elevator operation, and impact load during safety clamp action.

[0045] 1.3 Finite element analysis model: The pressure bar 2 can undergo elastic or plastic deformation to offset the gap between the pressure bar 2 and the support 3. The pressure bar 2 may slide relative to the guide rail when the load exceeds a certain level. The support 3 can be a composite structure.

[0046] 1.4 Finite element analysis model: The impact load when the safety clamp operates is a three-dimensional spatial load, not a load in a single direction.

[0047] 1.5 Performance evaluation method for the guidance system, evaluating performance including but not limited to whether the maximum deflection of the guide rail, the maximum stress of the guide rail, and whether accessories such as the clamp 2, support 3, and connecting plate 4 meet safety limits; assessing the worst-case scenario when the safety clamp is activated, i.e., the maximum load of the safety clamp acting on the guide rail at the point of maximum deflection after building shrinkage. The point of maximum deflection is determined by an additional building shrinkage simulation.

[0048] 2. In addition to evaluating the strength performance of each part under the worst working conditions, this method can also be used to evaluate the impact of machining errors and installation errors, and to deduce process improvements for machining or installation procedures.

[0049] 3. Based on this method, it can be used for the performance and cost optimization design of guidance systems, and the optimization method is not limited to known optimization algorithms.

[0050] 4. Generative AI models of guidance systems can be established based on a large amount of experimental and simulation data, accelerating the design of guidance systems.

[0051] The initial deflection, installation error, installation clamp load, building shrinkage load, and stress state (deformation) of the pressure plate are predicted using simulation methods (considering the actual height).

[0052] 1. Prepare the 3D model (guide rail 1, support frame 3, clamp 2, connecting plate 4);

[0053] 2. Design the guidance system structure;

[0054] 3. Assemble the 3D model;

[0055] 4. Set the relevant load parameters;

[0056] Design a three-dimensional finite element model; pressure code deformation and bolt pre-tightening; apply gravity; safety clamp linkage; apply building shrinkage load; safety clamp braking test; evaluate calculation results.

[0057] 5. Perform multi-load calculations to obtain convergence results.

[0058] 6. Determine whether the strength requirements are met.

[0059] In summary, this invention provides a method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of an elevator guidance system. Utilizing simulation tools, this invention integrates the guide rail, pressure plate, connecting plate, support frame, and guide rail base into a unified guidance system study. It considers all elevator life-cycle conditions, including manufacturing, installation, gravity, building shrinkage, and safety brake conditions, to more thoroughly test the guide rail strength and comprehensively evaluate both strength and comfort performance; thus achieving a comprehensive assessment of the guidance system.

[0060] The components, modules, mechanisms, and devices in this invention that are not described in detail are all general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Their structures and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of an elevator guidance system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Prepare a 3D model of a single guide rail and its accessories with initial deflection limits; Step S2: Design the guidance system structure according to the elevator design parameters; Step S3: Construct a three-dimensional model of the actual lifting height guide system assembly based on the installation error limit; Step S4: Import the finite element analysis model and perform mesh generation; Step S5: Set bolt preload, gravity, safety clamp action load, and building shrinkage load; Step S6: Perform multi-step load finite element analysis and obtain convergence results; Step S7: Determine whether the guide rail strength and deformation limits are met, and whether other parts meet the strength requirements. If they are met, the guide system design is deemed qualified. If not, return to step S2 and repeat steps S2 to S7 until the guide rail strength and deformation limits are met and other parts meet the strength requirements.

2. The method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of an elevator guidance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, a three-dimensional model considering actual processing and installation errors is used. The guide rail has an initial processing deflection, and the guide rails are connected by connecting plates. The connection has a specified installation gap, which matches the actual lifting height of the elevator in the overall guide system model.

3. The method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of an elevator guidance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, a finite element analysis model of the elevator's full life cycle load step is considered, taking into account installation, gravity, building shrinkage, and safety clamp action. The guide rail is fixed to the support frame by clamps, and the support frame is fixed to the shaft wall. The model load considers the preload of the installation bolts, gravity load, building shrinkage load in the early years of elevator operation, and impact load when the safety clamp is activated.

4. The method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of an elevator guidance system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure plate can undergo elastic or plastic deformation to compensate for the gap between the pressure plate and the support frame. When the pressure plate exceeds the set load, it may slide relative to the guide rail. The support frame is a composite structure.

5. The method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of an elevator guidance system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The impact load during the operation of the safety clamp is a three-dimensional spatial load, not a load in a single direction.

6. The method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of an elevator guidance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the three-dimensional model of the accessory includes a support frame, a pressure plate, and a connecting plate.

7. The method for evaluating the full life-cycle performance of an elevator guidance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The performance evaluation includes, but is not limited to, whether the maximum deflection of the guide rail, the maximum stress of the guide rail, the pressure plate, the support, the connecting plate and other accessories meet the safety limits; when the safety clamp is activated, the worst-case scenario is evaluated, that is, the maximum load of the safety clamp is applied to the maximum deflection of the guide rail after the building shrinkage; the location of the maximum deflection is determined by an additional building shrinkage simulation.

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