Battery building block and energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery building block and an energy storage system, and relates to the technical field of energy storage, and the battery building block comprises a shell, a plurality of battery cells and a battery pack management unit. The shell is provided with a plurality of first ports; the positive electrodes of the plurality of battery cells are connected with the plurality of first ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner through the plurality of first change-over switches; the negative electrodes of the plurality of battery cells are connected with the plurality of first ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner through the plurality of second change-over switches; and the battery pack management unit is used for controlling the on-off states of the plurality of first change-over switches and the plurality of second change-over switches, and can configure the plurality of first ports to work as positive ports or negative ports. By adopting the battery building block and the energy storage system provided by the invention, the reconfigurability and adaptability of the battery building block and the energy storage system can be improved so as to meet the requirements of different application scenes on the capacity configuration and the voltage level of the energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a battery building block and energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] As the proportion of renewable energy increases, energy storage systems are becoming increasingly important in power systems. To meet the capacity configuration and voltage level requirements of users in different application scenarios, the connection methods between multiple battery modules in the energy storage system need to be adjusted accordingly. However, due to the limited space in existing energy storage systems, the positions of the battery modules are not easy to adjust, and manual rewiring of the battery modules is time-consuming and inefficient. In addition, if a battery module fails, it is necessary to manually troubleshoot and disconnect and disassemble the entire circuit loop adjacent to the failed battery module. This not only increases the difficulty of operation and maintenance but also easily leads to safety hazards due to incorrect circuit disconnection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to propose a battery modular system and energy storage system, which aims to improve the reconfigurability and adaptability of the battery modular system and energy storage system, so as to meet the needs of users in different application scenarios for capacity configuration and voltage level of energy storage system.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a battery building block, comprising:

[0005] A housing; the housing is provided with multiple first ports and multiple second ports; Multiple battery cells are disposed within the housing; A battery pack management unit is disposed inside the housing, and the battery pack management unit is connected to a plurality of battery cells respectively; The positive terminals of the plurality of battery cells are respectively connected to the first terminals of the plurality of first switching switches, and the second terminals of the plurality of first switching switches are respectively connected to the plurality of first ports in a one-to-one correspondence; the negative terminals of the plurality of battery cells are respectively connected to the first terminals of the plurality of second switching switches, and the second terminals of the plurality of second switching switches are respectively connected to the plurality of first ports in a one-to-one correspondence. The battery pack management unit is used to control the switching states of multiple first switching switches and multiple second switching switches, and can configure multiple first ports to work as positive ports or negative ports; the battery pack management unit has connection terminals, which are respectively connected to the first ends of multiple third switching switches, and the second ends of multiple third switching switches are connected to multiple second ports one-to-one; the battery pack management unit is also used to control the switching states of multiple third switching switches, and can configure multiple second ports to work as communication interfaces.

[0006] In one embodiment, a plurality of the first ports are disposed on at least two sides of the housing.

[0007] In one embodiment, a plurality of the second ports are located on at least two sides of the housing.

[0008] In one embodiment, the battery module further includes a fire extinguisher located inside the housing. The fire extinguisher is electrically connected to the battery pack management unit and is capable of receiving control signals from the battery pack management unit to extinguish fires in the battery cells.

[0009] In one embodiment, the housing has heat dissipation holes, and the battery module includes a movable heat insulation plate and a heat insulation plate driving mechanism, wherein the heat insulation plate driving mechanism can drive the movable heat insulation plate to block or open the heat dissipation holes.

[0010] The present invention also proposes an energy storage system comprising a plurality of battery blocks, wherein at least one of the battery blocks is as described above.

[0011] In one embodiment, the energy storage system includes multiple battery blocks connected in series. In every two adjacent battery blocks connected in series, each battery block has a first port on an adjacent side. The first port on one side is connected to the positive terminal of the multiple battery cells, and the first port on the other side is connected to the negative terminal of the multiple battery cells.

[0012] In one embodiment, the energy storage system includes a plurality of parallel battery blocks. In each pair of adjacent parallel battery blocks, two first ports are respectively provided on the adjacent sides of the battery blocks. One of the first ports of each battery block is connected to the positive terminal of the plurality of battery cells, and the other first port of each battery block is connected to the negative terminal of the plurality of battery cells.

[0013] In one embodiment, the energy storage system includes multiple parallel battery series groups, each battery series group includes multiple battery blocks connected in series, and in every two adjacent battery blocks connected in series, the first port is provided on the adjacent side of each battery block, the first port on one side is connected to the positive electrode of the multiple battery cells, and the first port on the other side is connected to the negative electrode of the multiple battery cells.

[0014] Traditional battery modules have fixed positive and negative terminal positions. To meet the wiring requirements of electrical connections, the positions of the battery modules need to be adjusted, such as their stacking direction or arrangement order. However, energy storage systems have limited space, resulting in some space being unusable and reducing the space utilization rate of the energy storage system. The technical solution of this invention uses a battery pack management unit to control multiple first ports in different orientations of the battery modules as positive or negative terminals. This allows the battery modules to be stacked or arranged in any orientation in space-constrained energy storage systems without needing to adjust their positions due to wiring issues, thereby optimizing the space utilization rate of the energy storage system.

[0015] In existing technologies, adjusting the voltage or capacity of an energy storage system requires manual rewiring of the battery modules, which is time-consuming and inefficient. The technical solution of this invention utilizes the battery pack management unit to control the states of the first and second switching switches, allowing multiple first ports at different locations of the battery modules to function as positive or negative ports. This enables the battery modules to be connected in series to increase the voltage of the energy storage system or connected in parallel to increase its capacity. This eliminates the need for manual rewiring, significantly improving the reconfigurability and adaptability of the energy storage system.

[0016] Furthermore, if a battery module malfunctions, it is necessary to disconnect and disassemble the entire circuit adjacent to it. This not only increases the difficulty of operation and maintenance but also easily leads to safety hazards due to incorrect circuit disconnection. Using the technical solution of this invention, when it is necessary to repair or replace battery modules in the energy storage system, the energy storage system can quickly disconnect the connection of a specific battery module by controlling the states of the first and second switching switches through the battery pack management unit, without disassembling the entire circuit adjacent to that specific battery module. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a battery block in the energy storage system provided by the present invention; wherein... Figure 1 (1) shows the casing of the battery block; Figure 1 (2) shows multiple first ports and multiple second ports located on different sides of the battery block housing; wherein, when the first port is used as the positive port, the positive port includes B. 左+ B 上+ B 右+ B下+ When the first port is used as the negative port, the negative port includes B. 左- B 上- B 右- B 下- The second port includes T 左 T 上 T 右 T 下 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery block in the energy storage system provided by the present invention; wherein Figure 2 (1) shows multiple battery cells, a portable fire extinguisher, and a fixed heat insulation panel; Figure 2 (2) shows multiple battery cells, a fixed fire extinguisher, and a movable heat insulation plate; wherein, the positive lead B+ of multiple battery cells, the negative lead B- of multiple battery cells, and the monitoring line T are shown; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the interface switching between the battery pack management unit and one of the battery modules in the energy storage system provided by the present invention; wherein... Figure 3 (1) shows that the positive terminals of multiple battery cells are connected one-to-one with multiple first switching switches and multiple first ports that are opposite to the battery building blocks in different orientations; Figure 3 (2) shows that the negative terminals of multiple battery cells are connected one-to-one with multiple second switching switches and multiple first ports that are opposite to the battery building blocks in different positions. Figure 3 (3) shows that the connection terminals of the battery pack management unit are connected one-to-one with multiple third switching switches and multiple second ports opposite to different positions of the battery building blocks through the monitoring line T; Figure 4 This invention provides a circuit connection diagram of battery modules connected in series to form a battery series group in an energy storage system; wherein, when the first port is used as the positive terminal port, the positive terminal port includes B. 左+ B 上+ B 右+ B 下+ When the first port is used as the negative port, the negative port includes B. 左- B 上- B 右- B 下- The second port includes T 左 T 上 T 右 T 下 The positive lead B+ of multiple battery cells, the negative lead B- of multiple battery cells, and the monitoring line T; Figure 5 This invention provides a circuit connection diagram for forming another series battery group using battery building blocks in an energy storage system; wherein, when the first port is used as the positive terminal port, the positive terminal port includes B. 左+B 上+ B 右+ B 下+ When the first port is used as the negative port, the negative port includes B. 左- B 上- B 右- B 下- The second port includes T 左 T 上 T 右 T 下 The positive lead B+ of multiple battery cells, the negative lead B- of multiple battery cells, and the monitoring line T; Figure 6 This is a circuit connection diagram of a battery series group formed by connecting battery blocks in a storage system provided by the present invention; wherein, when the first port is used as the positive port, the positive port includes B. 左+ B 上+ B 右+ B 下+ When the first port is used as the negative port, the negative port includes B. 左- B 上- B 右- B 下- The second port includes T 左 T 上 T 右 T 下 The positive lead B+ of multiple battery cells, the negative lead B- of multiple battery cells, and the monitoring line T; Figure 7 This invention provides a circuit diagram illustrating the connection of multiple battery series groups formed by connecting battery building blocks in series within an energy storage system, and the multiple battery series groups connected in parallel; wherein, when the first port is used as the positive terminal port, the positive terminal port includes B. 左+ B 上+ B 右+ B 下+ When the first port is used as the negative port, the negative port includes B. 左- B 上- B 右- B 下- The second port includes T 左 T 上 T 右 T 下 The positive lead B+ of multiple battery cells, the negative lead B- of multiple battery cells, and the monitoring line T; Figure 8 This invention provides a schematic diagram of another circuit connection for the energy storage system, in which battery blocks are connected in series to form multiple battery series groups, and multiple battery series groups are connected in parallel; wherein, when the first port is used as the positive terminal port, the positive terminal port includes B. 左+ B 上+ B右+ B 下+ When the first port is used as the negative port, the negative port includes B. 左- B 上- B 右- B 下- The second port includes T 左 T 上 T 右 T 下 ; the positive lead B+ of multiple battery cells, the negative lead B- of multiple battery cells, and the monitoring line T.

[0019] Explanation of icon numbers: 10. Battery cell; 12. Battery building block; 21. Portable fire extinguisher; 22. Heat dissipation hole; 23. Fixed heat insulation board; 24. Portable heat insulation board; 30. Battery control unit; 40. Housing; 41. First housing; 42. Second housing.

[0020] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0023] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0024] Traditional battery modules have fixed positive and negative terminal positions. To meet the wiring requirements of electrical connections, the positions of the battery modules need to be adjusted, such as their stacking direction or arrangement order. However, energy storage systems have limited space, resulting in some space being unusable and reducing the space utilization rate of the energy storage system. In existing technologies, adjusting the voltage or capacity of the energy storage system requires manual rewiring of the battery modules, which is time-consuming and inefficient. Furthermore, if a battery module fails, manual troubleshooting is required to disconnect and disassemble the entire circuit loop adjacent to the failed battery module. This not only increases the difficulty of operation and maintenance but also easily leads to safety hazards due to incorrect circuit disconnection.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention proposes a battery building block 12, which is a modular battery unit that combines multiple battery cells. By interconnecting multiple battery building blocks 12, energy storage systems with different capacities and voltages can be constructed. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery block 12 has a box-like structure and a housing 40. The housing 40 has an internal space for holding multiple battery cells 10. The housing 40 also has a maintenance port for easy maintenance of the battery block 12.

[0026] The battery building block 12 also includes a battery management unit (BMU), which is connected to multiple battery cells 10 and is used to collect and monitor data such as voltage and temperature of the multiple battery cells 10.

[0027] The battery pack management unit can transmit the temperature data of multiple cells 10 of the battery block 12 to the battery control unit 30 (BCU) of the energy storage system. The battery control unit 30 then determines whether the temperature of all operating battery blocks 12 exceeds the preset value.

[0028] The housing 40 has multiple first ports, which serve as battery power interfaces for charging and discharging external devices. These first ports can be switched to either a positive or negative port as needed. Specifically, the following methods can be used to switch between the positive and negative ports.

[0029] The positive terminals of multiple battery cells 10 are respectively connected to the first terminals of multiple first switching switches, and the second terminals of the multiple first switching switches are connected one-to-one to multiple first ports; refer to Figure 3 (1) shows that the positive terminals of multiple battery cells are connected to multiple first switching switches and multiple first ports in different orientations of the battery building blocks; the positive leads of the multiple battery cells are denoted as B+, and the first switching switches include K +上1、 K +上2 Positive, K +下1 K +下2 K +左1 K +左2 K +右1 K +右2 The first port, after being connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell, becomes the positive terminal. The positive terminal includes B. 上+1 B 上+2 B 下+1 B 下+2 B 左+1 B 左+2 B 右+1 B 右+2 The negative terminals of multiple battery cells 10 are respectively connected to the first terminals of multiple second switching switches, and the second terminals of the multiple second switching switches are connected one-to-one with the multiple first ports, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 (2) shows that the negative terminals of multiple battery cells are connected to multiple second switching switches and multiple first ports in different orientations of the battery building blocks. The negative terminal leads of the multiple battery cells are denoted as B-. The second switching switches include K. -上1、 K- 上2 K -下1 K -下2 K -左1 K -左2 K -右1 K -右2 The first port is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell to become the negative port. The negative port includes B. 上-1 B 上-2 B 下-1 B 下-2 B左-1 B 左-2 B 右-1 B 右-2 .

[0030] The battery pack management unit is used to control the switching states of multiple first switching switches and multiple second switching switches, and can configure multiple first ports to work as positive ports or negative ports.

[0031] Multiple first ports are located on at least two sides of the housing 40, as shown in the reference. Figure 1 Multiple first ports are located on the four sides of the housing 40. The battery pack management unit can control the first switching switches corresponding to the multiple first ports in different positions of the battery block 12, and the second switching switches corresponding to the multiple first ports in different positions of the battery block 12.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first port located above the housing 40 is used as an example for illustration.

[0033] The positive terminals of multiple battery cells 10 are connected to the first switching switch K. +上1 The first end is connected to the first switching switch K. +上1 The second end is connected to the first port located above the housing 40 of the battery block 12. The first switching switch K is controlled by the battery pack management unit. +上1 When closed, the first port can be configured to operate as the positive port. The first port can be the positive port B located above the housing 40. 上+1 .

[0034] The negative terminal of multiple battery cells 10 is connected to the second switching switch K. -上1 The first end is connected, and the second switch K is used. -上1 The second end is connected to the same first port located above the housing 40 of the battery block 12. The second switching switch K is controlled by the battery pack management unit. -上1 When closed, the first port can be configured to operate as the negative port. The first port can be the negative port B located above the housing 40. 上-1 .

[0035] Traditional battery modules 12 have fixed positive and negative port positions. To meet the wiring requirements of electrical connections, the positions of the battery modules 12 need to be adjusted, such as their stacking direction or arrangement order. However, due to limited space in energy storage systems, some space cannot be utilized, reducing the space utilization rate of the energy storage system. The technical solution of this invention uses a battery pack management unit to control multiple first ports of the battery modules 12 in different orientations as positive or negative ports. This allows the battery modules 12 to be stacked or arranged in any direction in a space-constrained energy storage system without needing to adjust their positions due to wiring issues, thereby optimizing the space utilization rate of the energy storage system.

[0036] In existing technologies, adjusting the voltage or capacity of an energy storage system requires manual rewiring of the battery modules 12, which is time-consuming and inefficient. The technical solution of this invention utilizes the battery pack management unit to control the states of the first and second switching switches, allowing multiple first ports at different locations of the battery modules 12 to function as positive or negative ports. This enables the battery modules 12 to be connected in series to increase the voltage of the energy storage system or connected in parallel to increase its capacity. This eliminates the need for manual rewiring, significantly improving the reconfigurability and adaptability of the energy storage system.

[0037] Furthermore, if a battery module 12 malfunctions, it is necessary to disconnect and disassemble the entire circuit adjacent to it. This not only increases the difficulty of operation and maintenance but also easily leads to safety hazards due to incorrect circuit disassembly. Using the technical solution of this invention, when it is necessary to repair or replace the battery module 12 of the energy storage system, the energy storage system can quickly disconnect the connection of a specific battery module 12 by controlling the state of the first switching switch and the switching state of the second switching switch through the battery pack management unit, without having to disassemble the entire circuit adjacent to the specific battery module 12.

[0038] In embodiments of the present invention, configuring the first port as a positive or negative port can be prefabricated during assembly of the battery building block 12 before it leaves the factory, or it can be achieved by controlling the first and second switching switches during installation before operation on site.

[0039] In embodiments of the present invention, the first port can employ a connector with high voltage resistance and a high waterproof rating (such as IP67 / IP68) to improve the safety of the battery block 12 during high-power transmission and to adapt to application scenarios of outdoor energy storage systems or vehicle-mounted energy storage systems. Furthermore, the first port can adopt a concealed design to enhance the aesthetics of the battery block 12's housing 40.

[0040] In embodiments of the present invention, the first switching switch and the second switching switch may be a switching transistor, connector, or DIP switch that supports switching on and off.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the housing 40 is provided with a plurality of second ports, which are used as communication interfaces for connecting the battery building blocks and the battery pack management unit.

[0042] The battery pack management unit has a connection terminal for transmitting the collected battery block data. The connection terminal is connected to the first end of a plurality of third switching switches respectively, and the second end of the plurality of third switching switches is connected to a plurality of second ports one by one. Figure 3(3) shows that the connection terminals of the battery pack management unit are connected one-to-one with multiple third switches and multiple second ports opposite to different orientations of the battery building blocks via monitoring line T. The third switches include K1 上 K1 下 K1 左 K1 右 The second port includes T 上 T 下 T 左 T 右 .

[0043] The third changeover switch includes dry contacts such as relay contacts, buttons, or limit switches, and the connection terminal is connected to the third changeover switch through the aforementioned dry contacts.

[0044] Multiple second ports are located on at least two sides of the housing 40. (See reference...) Figure 1 Multiple second ports are located on the four sides of the housing 40. The battery pack management unit controls the third switching switches corresponding to the multiple second ports located in different positions of the battery block 12.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second port located above the housing 40 will be used as an example for description.

[0046] The battery pack management unit's connection terminals are connected to the third switch T1 via monitoring line T. 上 The first end is connected to the third switch T1. 上 The second end is connected to the second port located above the housing 40 of the battery block 12. This is achieved by controlling the third toggle switch T1. 上 When closed, the second port can be configured as a communication interface. The second port can be the second port T located above the housing 40. 上 .

[0047] Each cell 10 is equipped with a voltage detection line and a temperature detection line. These detection lines are used to collect the operating voltage and surface temperature data of the cell 10 in real time. All the detection lines of the cells 10 eventually converge to the monitoring line, forming a unified monitoring signal path. The monitoring line is electrically connected to the battery pack management unit and the battery control unit 30. The battery pack management unit transmits the voltage and temperature information of each cell 10 to the battery control unit 30 for processing and analysis. When the battery control unit 30 detects an abnormal increase in temperature in a certain cell 10 or a certain area, it will issue corresponding control commands according to the preset control strategy.

[0048] The technical solution of this invention uses multiple second ports at different positions of the battery building blocks 12 as communication interfaces controlled by the battery pack management unit to connect with battery building blocks 12 at different locations in the energy storage system, thereby obtaining parameters such as voltage of the battery building blocks 12 at different locations. In space-constrained energy storage systems, the battery building blocks 12 can be stacked or arranged in any direction without needing to adjust their positions due to wiring issues, and can all connect to the battery pack management unit, thereby optimizing the space utilization of the energy storage system.

[0049] Using the technical solution of the present invention, if the battery pack management unit needs to connect to a specific battery block 12 of the energy storage system to collect parameters such as the voltage of the battery block 12, the energy storage system can quickly connect to the specific battery block 12 by controlling the state of the third switching switch through the battery pack management unit, without changing the entire communication line adjacent to the specific battery block 12.

[0050] In embodiments of the present invention, the second port can be a connector with high voltage resistance and high waterproof rating (such as IP67 / IP68) to improve the safety of the battery block 12 during high power transmission and adapt to application scenarios of outdoor energy storage systems or vehicle-mounted energy storage systems.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the battery building block 12 also includes a fire extinguisher, which is located inside the housing 40 and is electrically connected to the battery control unit 30. The fire extinguisher can receive control signals from the battery control unit 30 to extinguish the fire in the battery cell 10.

[0052] Specifically, a communication connection is established between the fire extinguisher and the battery control unit 30. This connection includes both the transmission of control signals and the feedback of status information. Through this two-way communication mechanism, the battery control unit 30 can monitor the working status of the fire extinguisher in real time and send control commands to the fire extinguisher when necessary.

[0053] The fire extinguisher can be a spray fire extinguisher, which sprays flame retardant material to cover and fill the entire interior of the battery block 12 housing 40 to extinguish the flames of the battery cell 10 and the battery block 12 and control the spread of the fire.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 The fire extinguisher includes a fixed fire extinguisher and a portable fire extinguisher 21, as well as a spray fire extinguisher drive mechanism (not shown), which is used to drive the portable fire extinguisher 21.

[0055] In one embodiment, a fixed fire extinguisher is placed in the middle area of ​​the top of the battery block 12 housing 40, allowing the extinguishing agent to diffuse from the middle area outwards, covering a wider spray range. When the temperature of the battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12, and the difference between the temperature of the battery block 12 and the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12 is greater than a preset threshold, the fixed fire extinguisher is used to extinguish the fire.

[0056] In one embodiment, when the temperature of the battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12, and the difference between the temperature of the battery block 12 and the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12 is greater than a preset threshold, and the duration for which the temperature of the battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12 is greater than a preset duration, a portable fire extinguisher 21 is used to extinguish the fire. The portable fire extinguisher 21 can be used in conjunction with a fixed fire extinguisher for fire extinguishing.

[0057] The spray fire extinguisher drive mechanism is connected to the battery control unit 30 and is used to receive control signals issued by the battery control unit 30. The control signals are used to control the spray fire extinguisher drive mechanism to drive the movable fire extinguisher 21 to move on top inside the housing 40 of the battery block 12.

[0058] In one embodiment, the temperature of the battery block 12 can be the battery core temperature. In another embodiment, the temperature of the battery block 12 is the ambient temperature inside the battery block 12 housing 40. In yet another embodiment, the temperature of the battery block 12 includes both the battery core temperature and the ambient temperature inside the battery block 12 housing 40.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 2 Multiple battery cells 10 are arranged in two rows, with an air duct space between the two rows of battery cells 10. The air duct space is used for heat dissipation and ventilation during the operation of the battery cells 10. The heat generated by the battery cells 10 is carried away by air convection, maintaining the battery cells 10 within a suitable temperature range. The battery building block 12 includes a fixed heat insulation plate 23.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present invention, a fixed heat insulation plate 23 can be located between two rows of battery cells 10 to form an effective thermal insulation barrier. When a battery cell 10 experiences a rapid temperature increase due to an abnormal cause, the fixed heat insulation plate 23 can first block the direct transfer of heat to adjacent battery cells 10. At the same time, the cooling air flowing in the air duct space can also help remove some heat, reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation.

[0061] In embodiments of the present invention, the fixed heat insulation plate 23 can be disposed on both sides of the housing 40 of the battery block 12, extending from the side wall of the housing 40 to the heat dissipation area of ​​the back plate of the housing 40 of the battery block 12. Alternatively, the fixed heat insulation plate 23 can be disposed at the bottom of the housing 40, extending from the bottom wall of the housing 40 to the heat dissipation area of ​​the back plate of the housing 40 of the battery block 12, thereby reducing the conduction of heat from the battery cell 10 to the external environment through the housing 40.

[0062] Reference Figure 2 The housing 40 has heat dissipation holes 22 to facilitate heat dissipation for the internal battery cells 10. The battery module 12 includes a movable heat insulation plate 24 and a heat insulation plate driving mechanism (not shown). The heat insulation plate driving mechanism is electrically connected to the battery control unit 30 and can receive control signals from the battery control unit 30 to drive the movable heat insulation plate 24 to block or open the heat dissipation holes 22. In the event of a fire, the heat dissipation holes 22 are blocked to prevent flames from spreading to other battery modules 12 and to reduce oxygen supply to accelerate fire suppression.

[0063] The heat insulation panel drive mechanism can be a moving guide rail, a robotic arm, or other device that can move the movable heat insulation panel 24.

[0064] The present invention also proposes an energy storage system, which includes multiple battery building blocks 12, wherein the specific structure of at least one battery building block 12 is as described in the above embodiments. Since the present energy storage system adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0065] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The housing 40 includes a first housing 41 for housing a plurality of battery cells 10. The housing 40 also includes a second housing 42 adjacent to the first housing 41 for housing a battery pack management unit for monitoring the battery building blocks 12.

[0066] In one embodiment of the present invention, each battery block 12 corresponds to a battery pack management unit, and a battery pack management unit is installed in the second housing 42 of each battery block 12. The battery pack management unit is responsible for monitoring the data of all cells 10 in the first housing 41 of the battery block 12.

[0067] In another embodiment of the present invention, multiple battery blocks 12 are connected to the same battery pack management unit, that is, S battery blocks 12 are monitored by the same battery pack management unit. The battery pack management unit can be installed in the second housing 42 of any one of the S battery blocks 12. The other S-1 battery blocks 12 without the battery pack management unit installed are connected to the second port of the battery block 12 with the battery pack management unit installed via monitoring lines, transmitting the voltage and temperature information of each cell 10 to the battery pack management unit for processing and analysis, thereby enabling the battery pack management unit to monitor all cells 10 within the S battery blocks 12 in real time.

[0068] The technical solution of this invention uses multiple second ports at different positions of the battery building blocks 12 controlled by the battery pack management unit as communication interfaces to connect with battery building blocks 12 at different locations in the energy storage system, thereby obtaining parameters such as voltage of the battery building blocks 12 at different locations. In space-constrained energy storage systems, the battery building blocks 12 can be stacked or arranged in any direction without needing to adjust their positions due to wiring issues, and can all be connected to the battery pack management unit via monitoring lines, thereby improving the monitoring flexibility of the energy storage system's battery pack management unit.

[0069] Using the technical solution of the present invention, if the battery pack management unit needs to connect or disconnect the monitoring of a specific battery block 12 of the energy storage system, the energy storage system can quickly achieve the connection or disconnection of the monitoring line with the specific battery block 12 by controlling the state of the third switching switch through the battery pack management unit, without changing the entire communication line adjacent to the specific battery block 12.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage system includes a plurality of battery blocks 12 connected in series. In each pair of adjacent battery blocks 12 connected in series, a first port is provided on the adjacent side of each battery block 12. The first port on one side is connected to the positive electrode of a plurality of battery cells 10, and the first port on the other side is connected to the negative electrode of a plurality of battery cells 10.

[0071] Reference Figure 4 Multiple battery blocks 12 are stacked vertically, and their positive and negative terminals are connected vertically to achieve series connection of the batteries and ensure the total voltage of the energy storage system reaches the target value. When the DC-side power output circuit is closed, the multiple battery blocks 12 can charge or discharge; when the DC-side power output circuit is open, the multiple battery blocks 12 stop charging or discharging. The DC-side power output circuit refers to the line that outputs electrical energy from the multiple battery blocks 12 to the load.

[0072] Reference Figure 5Multiple battery blocks 12 are arranged in the left-right direction, and the positive and negative terminals of adjacent battery blocks 12 are connected in the left-right direction to realize the serial connection of batteries and the total voltage of the energy storage system to reach the target value.

[0073] Reference Figure 6 The battery blocks 12 of the energy storage system are arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns. The positive terminal of the battery block 12 is connected to the negative terminal of the nearest battery block 12 connected in series in a serpentine manner, and the negative terminal of the battery block 12 is connected to the positive terminal of the nearest battery block 12 connected in series in a serpentine manner, so that the total voltage of the energy storage system reaches the target value.

[0074] Reference Figures 4 to 6 The energy storage system also includes a battery control unit 30, which is connected to the second port of multiple battery blocks 12 to obtain data such as the voltage of the multiple battery blocks 12.

[0075] In an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage system includes a plurality of parallel battery blocks 12. In each pair of adjacent parallel battery blocks 12, two first ports are respectively provided on adjacent sides of the battery blocks 12. One of the first ports of each battery block 12 is connected to the positive electrode of a plurality of battery cells 10, and the other first port of each battery block 12 is connected to the negative electrode of a plurality of battery cells 10. The first ports of each battery block 12 connected to the positive electrodes of a plurality of battery cells 10 are interconnected, and the first ports of each battery block 12 connected to the negative electrodes of a plurality of battery cells 10 are interconnected.

[0076] Reference Figure 7 The battery blocks 12 of the energy storage system are arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns. The positive terminals of adjacent battery blocks 12 are connected accordingly, and the negative terminals of adjacent battery blocks 12 are connected accordingly, so that the total capacity of the energy storage system reaches the target value.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage system includes multiple parallel battery series groups, each battery series group includes multiple battery blocks 12 connected in series, and in every two adjacent battery blocks 12 connected in series, the adjacent sides of the battery blocks 12 are respectively provided with a first port, the first port on one side is connected to the positive electrode of multiple battery cells 10, and the first port on the other side is connected to the negative electrode of multiple battery cells 10.

[0078] Reference Figure 8The battery building blocks 12 of the energy storage system are arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns. The energy storage system includes 3 parallel battery series groups. Each battery series group includes 3 battery building blocks 12 connected in series in the vertical direction. Every two adjacent battery building blocks 12 connected in series are connected through the positive terminal and the negative terminal respectively. The battery building blocks 12 in the top row are connected through the positive terminal respectively, so that the voltage and capacity of the energy storage system can reach the preset value, and solve the problem of limited physical space of the energy storage system.

[0079] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery building block, characterized in that, include: A housing; the housing is provided with multiple first ports and multiple second ports; Multiple battery cells are disposed within the housing; A battery pack management unit is disposed inside the housing, and the battery pack management unit is connected to a plurality of battery cells respectively; The positive terminals of the plurality of battery cells are respectively connected to the first terminals of the plurality of first switching switches, and the second terminals of the plurality of first switching switches are respectively connected to the plurality of first ports in a one-to-one correspondence; the negative terminals of the plurality of battery cells are respectively connected to the first terminals of the plurality of second switching switches, and the second terminals of the plurality of second switching switches are respectively connected to the plurality of first ports in a one-to-one correspondence. The battery pack management unit is used to control the switching states of multiple first switching switches and multiple second switching switches, and can configure multiple first ports to work as positive ports or negative ports. The battery pack management unit has a connection terminal, which is connected to the first end of a plurality of third switching switches respectively, and the second end of the plurality of third switching switches is connected to a plurality of second ports in a one-to-one correspondence; the battery pack management unit is also used to control the switching state of the plurality of third switching switches, and can be configured to operate the plurality of second ports as communication interfaces.

2. The battery building block as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of the first ports are located on at least two sides of the housing.

3. The battery building block as described in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, Multiple second ports are located on at least two sides of the housing.

4. The battery building block as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module also includes a fire extinguisher, which is located inside the housing and is electrically connected to the battery pack management unit. The fire extinguisher can receive control signals from the battery pack management unit to extinguish fires on the battery cells.

5. The battery building block as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The housing has heat dissipation holes, and the battery building block includes a movable heat insulation plate and a heat insulation plate driving mechanism. The heat insulation plate driving mechanism can drive the movable heat insulation plate to block or open the heat dissipation holes.

6. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes a plurality of battery blocks, wherein at least one of the battery blocks is as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The energy storage system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes multiple battery blocks connected in series. In every two adjacent battery blocks connected in series, each battery block has a first port on an adjacent side. The first port on one side is connected to the positive terminal of the multiple battery cells, and the first port on the other side is connected to the negative terminal of the multiple battery cells.

8. The energy storage system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes multiple battery blocks connected in parallel. In each pair of adjacent parallel battery blocks, two first ports are respectively provided on the adjacent sides of the battery blocks. One of the first ports of each battery block is connected to the positive terminal of the multiple battery cells, and the other first port of each battery block is connected to the negative terminal of the multiple battery cells.

9. The energy storage system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes multiple parallel battery series groups, each battery series group includes multiple battery blocks connected in series, and in every two adjacent battery blocks connected in series, the first port is provided on the adjacent side of each battery block, the first port on one side is connected to the positive electrode of the multiple battery cells, and the first port on the other side is connected to the negative electrode of the multiple battery cells.

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