An adaptive depth control potato harvester

Abstract

The present application relates to harvester technical field, especially to a kind of self-adapting depth control potato harvester, including rack, the rear side of rack is symmetrically equipped with the adjusting wheel controlled by electric push rod, further including hardness detection mechanism being set on rack, adjusting mechanism for adjusting the detection standard of hardness detection mechanism and monitoring mechanism;Hardness detection mechanism includes front shovel being installed in the front side of rack, detection box being symmetrically distributed in front shovel and detection plate being slidably installed in detection box.The hardness of soil is detected by detection plate, when soil hardness is consistent, adjusting wheel does not move, when soil hardness increases, detection plate moves along detection box, and sliding plate is extruded to first detection piece, the gap between adjusting wheel and rack is adjusted, and the detection standard of hardness detection mechanism can be adjusted according to soil hardness by adjusting mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of harvester technology, and in particular to an adaptive depth control potato harvester. Background Technology

[0002] With the decrease in agricultural labor and the increase in labor costs, relying on manual potato harvesting is no longer an economically viable option. The use of potato harvesters can significantly reduce labor input, lower labor costs, and improve the economic efficiency of agricultural production.

[0003] When using a potato harvester, soil texture and moisture conditions have a significant impact on its operation. If the harvester's front shovel is too deep in the soil while the potatoes are in the shallow soil layer, not only will the soil resistance to the harvester be too great, leading to increased energy consumption of the vehicle, but it will also cause excessive soil disturbance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an adaptive depth control potato harvester.

[0005] An adaptive depth-controlled potato harvester includes a frame, with adjusting wheels symmetrically mounted on the rear side of the frame and controlled by electric push rods. It also includes a hardness detection mechanism, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the detection standard of the hardness detection mechanism, and a monitoring mechanism mounted on the frame.

[0006] The hardness testing mechanism includes a front shovel installed on the front side of the frame, test boxes symmetrically distributed in the front shovel, and a test plate slidably installed in the test boxes. The test plate is used to test the hardness of the soil. An air supply pipe is connected to the test box through the front shovel and connected to the frame through multiple brackets. Test tubes connected to the air supply pipes are symmetrically fixed on the frame. A sliding plate is slidably installed in the test tube. A first test piece is installed in the test tube, located on the upper side of the sliding plate and used in conjunction with the sliding plate.

[0007] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes a first screw threaded through and connected to the detection tube, a first adjustment block rotatably mounted at the end of the first screw, the first adjustment block being slidably mounted inside the detection tube, and the movement of the first adjustment block changing the air pressure between it and the sliding plate.

[0008] Optionally, a first damping ring is fitted on the outer wall of the sliding plate, and the first damping ring rubs against the inner wall of the detection tube.

[0009] Optionally, the monitoring mechanism includes an inverted tube fixedly mounted on a frame, an L-shaped rod symmetrically slidably mounted inside the inverted tube, a second detection element symmetrically mounted inside the frame to cooperate with the L-shaped rod, and a drive element that slides along the frame fixedly mounted at the close ends of the two L-shaped rods, with a conveyor belt provided on the drive element.

[0010] Optionally, the monitoring mechanism also includes a second damping ring fitted on the upper part of the L-shaped rod, the second damping ring rubbing against the inner wall of the I-shaped tube.

[0011] Optionally, an adjusting tube is connected to the L-shaped tube, and a second adjusting block is slidably installed inside the adjusting tube. The movement of the second adjusting block can change the air pressure between it and the L-shaped rod.

[0012] Optionally, a mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the U-shaped tube, and a second screw is rotatably installed inside the mounting bracket. An adjusting rod connected to one side of the second adjusting block is threaded onto the second screw.

[0013] Optionally, a shield is fixedly installed inside the frame, covering the front and lower sides of the drive unit and the conveyor belt.

[0014] Optionally, the shielding frame has slidably connected extension plates distributed on both sides of the conveyor belt and mounted on the drive unit.

[0015] Optionally, a scraper is fixedly installed inside the shielding frame.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] 1. In this invention, the soil hardness is detected by a detection plate. When the soil hardness is consistent, the adjusting wheel will not move. When the soil hardness increases, the detection plate moves along the detection box, causing the sliding plate to press against the first detection piece, adjusting the gap between the adjusting wheel and the frame. The detection standard of the hardness detection mechanism is adjusted according to the soil hardness through the adjustment mechanism.

[0018] 2. This invention uses a conveyor belt to detect the weight of the soil and further detects the depth of the front shovel in the soil, thereby avoiding excessive energy consumption and soil disturbance caused by working too deep. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the detection box in this invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the gas pipeline in this invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism in this invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the U-shaped tube in this invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring mechanism in this invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the driving component in this invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation at the second screw in this invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the scraper blade in this invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the extension plate in this invention.

[0029] The markings in the attached diagram are as follows: 1. Frame; 101. Electric push rod; 102. Adjusting wheel; 201. Front shovel; 202. Detection box; 203. Detection plate; 204. Air supply pipe; 205. Detection tube; 206. Sliding plate; 207. First detection component; 301. First screw; 302. First adjusting block; 401. First damping ring; 501. C-shaped tube; 502. L-shaped rod; 503. Second detection component; 504. Drive component; 505. Conveyor belt; 601. Second damping ring; 701. Adjusting tube; 702. Second adjusting block; 801. Second screw; 802. Adjusting rod; 901. Shielding frame; 902. Extension plate; 1001. Scraper blade. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example 1

[0031] An adaptive depth-controlled potato harvester, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the device includes a frame 1, with symmetrically mounted adjusting wheels 102 controlled by an electric push rod 101 on the rear side of the frame 1. The electric push rod 101 is installed inside the frame 1, and the adjusting wheels 102 are rotatably mounted on the telescopic end of the electric push rod 101. The device also includes a hardness testing mechanism, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the testing standard of the hardness testing mechanism, and a monitoring mechanism, all mounted on the frame 1. The hardness testing mechanism is used to test the soil hardness.

[0032] The hardness testing mechanism includes a front shovel 201 installed on the front side of the frame 1, a test box 202 symmetrically distributed in the front shovel 201, and a test plate 203 sealed and slidably installed in the test box 202. When the soil is hard, the test plate 203 slides into the test box 202. The test plate 203 is used to test the hardness of the soil. An air supply pipe 204 is connected to the test box 202, passing through the front shovel 201 and fixedly connected to the frame 1 by three brackets. Test pipes 205 connected to the air supply pipe 204 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the frame 1. A sliding plate 206 is sealed and slidably installed in the test pipe 205. When the test plate 203 slides into the test box 202, the sliding plate 206 moves. A first test element 207 located on the upper side of the sliding plate 206 and used in conjunction with the sliding plate 206 is installed in the test pipe 205. The first test element 207 is electrically connected to the electric push rod 101.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment mechanism includes a first screw 301 that is threaded through and connected to the detection tube 205. A first adjustment block 302 is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the first screw 301. The first adjustment block 302 is slidably mounted inside the detection tube 205. The movement of the first adjustment block 302 can change the air pressure between it and the sliding plate 206. When the first adjustment block 302 moves downward, the sliding plate 206 is subjected to a greater reverse pressure in order to move.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, a first damping ring 401 is fitted on the outer wall of the sliding plate 206. The first damping ring 401 rubs against the inner wall of the detection tube 205, and the first damping ring 401 causes the sliding plate 206 to slide slowly.

[0035] Initially, there is a gap between the top of the sliding plate 206 and the corresponding first detection element 207. The operator first adjusts the extension length of the electric push rod 101 according to the potato planting depth, changing the gap between the adjusting wheel 102 and the frame 1. This changes the angle of the frame 1, allowing the front shovel 201, detection box 202, and detection plate 203 to be inserted into the soil to a suitable depth. If the soil is hard, the operator rotates the first screw 301. The rotation of the first screw 301 causes the first adjusting block 302 to slide downwards along the detection tube 205. The volume of the sealed space between the first adjusting block 302 and the sliding plate 206 decreases, increasing the pressure. The sliding plate 206 needs to withstand greater reverse pressure to slide. The pressure between the air supply pipe 204, the detection box 202, and the detection plate 203 keeps the detection plate 203 stable. Then, the vehicle drives the entire device to move for potato harvesting. The front shovel 201, the detection box 202, and the detection plate 203 shovel the soil and potatoes into the frame 1. During this process, the detection plate 203 remains stable under pressure. In subsequent operations, there are two scenarios. The first scenario is when the soil hardness remains consistent, and only momentarily encounters harder clods of soil. In this case, the detection plate 203 is compressed and slides quickly and short distance into the detection box 202. The sliding plate 206 slides upward along the detection pipe 205 under the influence of reverse pressure. The first damping ring 401 causes the sliding plate 206 to slide slowly through friction with the inner wall of the detection tube 205. There is still a gap between the sliding plate 206 and the first detection element 207. Subsequently, the soil clods are crushed by the detection plate 203, and the sliding plate 206 and the detection plate 203 slide back to their original positions under pressure. In the second case, the soil hardness increases and the continuous range is large. After the detection plate 203 is squeezed by the soil clods, it slides into the detection box 202, causing the sliding plate 206 to continue to slide upward along the detection tube 205. Subsequently, the sliding plate 206 contacts and squeezes the first detection element 207. The first detection element 207 is controlled by the force to retract the telescopic end of the electric push rod 101, causing the adjusting wheel 102 to move closer to the frame 1. The frame 1 drives the front The movement of shovel 201 brings the angle of the front shovel 201 in the soil closer to horizontal. The shoveling depth of the front shovel 201 is slightly adjusted upward from the initial preset value, further widening the gap with the potato tubers. The cutting of the soil by the front shovel 201 and the detection plate 203 is smoother, thereby reducing the vehicle's energy consumption. It is worth noting that after adjustment, the front shovel 201 will not come into contact with the potatoes in the soil, and the potatoes will not be damaged. When the soil hardness decreases, the above steps are repeated to make the detection plate 203 and the sliding plate 206 slide back to their original positions. The sliding plate 206 no longer contacts the first detection element 207. The first detection element 207 controls the extension end of the electric push rod 101 to extend and reset, restoring the gap between the adjusting wheel 102 and the frame 1. Example 2

[0036] like Figures 5-10As shown, the monitoring mechanism includes an inverted tube 501 fixedly installed on the top of the frame 1. An L-shaped rod 502 is symmetrically and slidably installed inside the inverted tube 501. Second detection elements 503 that cooperate with the L-shaped rods 502 are symmetrically installed inside both sides of the frame 1. A drive element 504 that slides along the frame 1 is fixedly installed at the close ends of the two L-shaped rods 502. A conveyor belt 505 is provided on the drive element 504.

[0037] like Figure 8 As shown, the monitoring mechanism also includes a second damping ring 601 fitted on the upper part of the L-shaped rod 502. The second damping ring 601 rubs against the inner wall of the inverted tube 501, and the second damping ring 601 causes the L-shaped rod 502 to slide slowly.

[0038] like Figure 8 As shown, an adjusting tube 701 is connected to the L-shaped tube 501. A second adjusting block 702 is slidably installed inside the adjusting tube 701. The movement of the second adjusting block 702 can change the air pressure between it and the L-shaped rod 502. When the second adjusting block 702 moves to the right, the L-shaped rod 502 needs to be subjected to a greater reverse pressure in order to slide downward.

[0039] like Figure 8 As shown, a mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the top right side of the C-shaped tube 501, and a second screw 801 is rotatably installed inside the mounting bracket. An adjusting rod 802 connected to one side of the second adjusting block 702 is threaded onto the second screw 801.

[0040] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a shielding frame 901 is fixedly installed on the lower part of the inner wall of the frame 1. The shielding frame 901 covers the front and lower sides of the drive unit 504 and the conveyor belt 505, and prevents excess soil from falling onto the conveyor belt 505.

[0041] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, an extension plate 902 is slidably connected inside the shielding frame 901, distributed on both sides of the conveyor belt 505 and installed on the drive member 504. When the drive member 504 and the conveyor belt 505 descend, the extension plate 902 can prevent soil from entering the gap between the frame 1, the drive member 504 and the shielding frame 901.

[0042] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a scraper 1001 for cleaning soil from the surface of the conveyor belt 505 is fixedly installed inside the shield 901.

[0043] Initially, there is a gap between the bottom of the L-shaped rod 502 and the second detection element 503. Before harvesting, the staff adjusts the position of the second adjusting block 702 according to the depth of the potatoes in the soil. When the potatoes are deeper in the soil, more soil is scooped up. At this time, the staff rotates the second screw 801, which drives the second adjusting block 702 to slide to the right. Air in the C-shaped tube 501 enters the adjusting tube 701, and the two L-shaped rods 502 slide upward under the influence of pressure. Through the driving element 504, they drive the conveyor belt 505 to lift upward for harvesting. After the soil is lifted into the frame 1, it is filtered by the conveying equipment and falls onto the conveyor belt 505 (the conveying equipment is existing technology and will not be described in detail here). The weight of the soil causes the two L-shaped rods 502 and two extension plates 902 to descend via the drive component 504. If the amount of soil lifted is normal, the descent distance of the two L-shaped rods 502 is shortened. A gap remains between the bottom of the L-shaped rods 502 and the second detection component 503. The soil-blocking plate 901 and the extension plate 902 block the soil, preventing it from entering the space where the L-shaped rods 502 are embedded in the frame 1 and affecting their movement. The scraper plate 1... 001 can clean the soil on the conveyor belt 505 to prevent soil from adhering to the conveyor belt 505. This prevents the conveyor belt 505 from being affected by the weight of the soil, causing the two L-shaped rods 502 and the two extension plates 902 to descend too far. If the amount of soil entering the frame 1 increases, it indicates that the front shovel 201 is too deep in the soil. At this time, the weight of the excessive soil is applied to the conveyor belt 505, and the L-shaped rods 502 continue to slide downwards. The internal sealed space volume of the U-shaped tube 501 increases, the pressure decreases, and the bottom of the L-shaped rods 502 contacts and squeezes the second detection element 503. The second detection element 503 is then subjected to force to control the electric push rod 10. When the telescopic end of 1 contracts, the adjusting wheel 102 moves closer to the frame 1. The frame 1 drives the front shovel 201 to move, making the angle of the front shovel 201 in the soil tend to be horizontal. The shoveling depth of the front shovel 201 is adjusted to be shallower, reducing the amount of soil shoveled up, thus reducing the amount of soil falling on the conveyor belt 505. Under the action of pressure, the two L-shaped rods 502 slide upward along the C-shaped tube 501 and drive the conveyor belt 505 and the two extension plates 902 to move through the drive component 504. The L-shaped rods 502 no longer contact the second detection component 503, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod 101 is extended and reset, restoring the gap between the adjusting wheel 102 and the frame 1.

[0044] The above steps enable the shoveling depth of the front shovel 201 to be adjusted according to the soil hardness, and the shoveling depth of the front shovel 201 to be adjusted according to the weight of the soil falling on the conveyor belt 505. These two adjustments allow for adaptive control of the shoveling depth of the front shovel 201 during the harvesting process, avoiding excessive energy waste and soil disturbance caused by working too deep.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive depth-controlled potato harvester, comprising a frame (1), wherein adjusting wheels (102) controlled by an electric push rod (101) are symmetrically mounted on the rear side of the frame (1), characterized in that: It also includes a hardness testing mechanism mounted on the frame (1), an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the testing standard of the hardness testing mechanism, and a monitoring mechanism; The hardness testing mechanism includes a front shovel (201) installed on the front side of the frame (1), a test box (202) symmetrically distributed in the front shovel (201), and a test plate (203) slidably installed in the test box (202). The test plate (203) is used to test the hardness of the soil. The test box (202) is connected to an air supply pipe (204) that passes through the front shovel (201) and is connected to the frame (1) through multiple brackets. The frame (1) is symmetrically fixed with test pipes (205) that communicate with the air supply pipe (204). A sliding plate (206) is slidably installed in the test pipe (205). A first test piece (207) located on the upper side of the sliding plate (206) and used in conjunction with the sliding plate (206) is installed in the test pipe (205). The monitoring mechanism includes an inverted tube (501) fixedly installed on the frame (1), an L-shaped rod (502) symmetrically slidably installed inside the inverted tube (501), a second detection element (503) symmetrically installed inside the frame (1) to cooperate with the L-shaped rod (502), and a driving element (504) that slides along the frame (1) is fixedly installed at the close ends of the two L-shaped rods (502), and a conveyor belt (505) is provided on the driving element (504). The monitoring mechanism also includes a second damping ring (601) fitted on the upper part of the L-shaped rod (502), and the second damping ring (601) rubs against the inner wall of the inverted tube (501).

2. The adaptive depth control potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a first screw (301) that is threaded through and connected to the detection tube (205). A first adjustment block (302) is rotatably mounted at the end of the first screw (301). The first adjustment block (302) is slidably mounted inside the detection tube (205). The movement of the first adjustment block (302) can change the air pressure between it and the sliding plate (206).

3. The adaptive depth control potato harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sliding plate (206) is fitted with a first damping ring (401), which rubs against the inner wall of the detection tube (205).

4. The adaptive depth control potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting tube (701) is connected to the inverted tube (501), and a second adjusting block (702) is slidably installed inside the adjusting tube (701). The movement of the second adjusting block (702) can change the air pressure between it and the L-shaped rod (502).

5. The adaptive depth control potato harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: A mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the C-shaped tube (501), and a second screw (801) is rotatably installed inside the mounting bracket. An adjusting rod (802) connected to one side of the second adjusting block (702) is threaded onto the second screw (801).

6. The adaptive depth control potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shield (901) is fixedly installed inside the frame (1), and the shield (901) covers the front and lower sides of the drive unit (504) and the conveyor belt (505).

7. The adaptive depth control potato harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shield (901) has an extension plate (902) that is distributed on both sides of the conveyor belt (505) and installed on the drive unit (504).

8. The adaptive depth control potato harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: A scraper (1001) is fixedly installed inside the shielding frame (901).

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