Cultivation medium formula and cultivation method of novel panus hirsute

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation medium formula and a cultivation method of novel panus hirsutus, the cultivation medium comprises the following components by mass percentage: 50% of cottonseed hull, 28% of sawdust, 20% of bran, 1% of gypsum, and 1% of lime, and the water content of the cultivation medium is adjusted to about 60%. The novel panus hirsutus cultivation method adopting the cultivation medium formula comprises the steps of cultivation bag manufacturing, inoculated cultivation, fruiting management, harvesting and the like. The formula is scientific and reasonable, raw material sources are wide, cost is low, and cultivation method operation is standard; by adopting the formula and the method, the growth speed of the new panus gallica hyphae is high, the number of formed primordia is large, the single-bag yield of the sporocarp is as high as 55.75 g, the biological efficiency reaches 13.94%, the sporocarp is full in shape and compact in texture, the problems that raw material selection is lack of basis and the yield fluctuation is large in the large-scale cultivation of the new panus gallica are effectively solved, and the large-scale cultivation of the new panus gallica is realized. Reliable technical support is provided for industrial development and popularization, and remarkable economic, social and environmental benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sea cucumber active ingredient preparation technology, specifically to a new cultivation substrate formula and cultivation method for sea cucumber coarse hair leather ear fungus. Background Technology

[0002] *Lentinus strigosus*, belonging to the phylum Basidiomycota, class Agaricales, order Polyporaceae, family Polyporaceae, and genus *Lentinus*, is widely distributed throughout my country. This species has been known in my country by various synonyms, including wild *Lentinus strigosus* and *Lentinus strigosus*. *Lentinus strigosus* is a fungus with potential for edible and medicinal development. It can synthesize heteroterpenoids containing the prenylquinone structure, and these compounds have been shown to possess rich pharmacological activity.

[0003] However, current research on this fungus remains scarce, particularly regarding the metabolic background of its heteroterpenoid compounds. Existing studies largely focus on the classification, identification, and isolation of active ingredients in *N. coarse-haired leather fungus*, while research on its cultivation techniques lags behind. Systematic conclusions regarding the screening and optimization of cultivation substrate materials are still lacking. This study designed multiple gradient material ratio experiments to screen the optimal substrate formula suitable for the mycelial growth and fruiting body development of *N. coarse-haired leather fungus*. The aim is to address the key issues of "lack of basis for raw material selection and large yield fluctuations" in its large-scale cultivation, providing theoretical support and technical reference for the industrial development and promotion of *N. coarse-haired leather fungus*. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a new cultivation substrate formula and cultivation method for coarse-haired leather ear fungus, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a new cultivation substrate formula and cultivation method for coarse-haired leather ear fungus, wherein the cultivation substrate is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 50% cottonseed hulls, 28% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% gypsum, and 1% lime, and the moisture content of the cultivation substrate is adjusted to about 60%.

[0006] Preferably, the sawdust is oak sawdust, and the particle size of the oak sawdust is 0.5-0.8 cm. Selecting oak sawdust of this particle size can ensure that the cultivation substrate has good air permeability and water retention, providing suitable environmental conditions for mycelial growth. At the same time, it can avoid problems such as loose substrate structure and uneven nutrient supply due to excessively large sawdust particle size, or poor substrate air permeability, easy water accumulation and hypoxia due to excessively small particle size.

[0007] A novel method for cultivating coarse-haired leather ear fungus using the above-mentioned cultivation substrate formula includes the following steps: S1, Cultivation bag production: Mix the components of the cultivation substrate evenly according to the ratio, pack them into 17*33 polyethylene corner bags, each bag weighing 400g of dry material, sterilize at 121℃ for 3 hours, and let cool naturally before use. S2, Inoculation and Culture: On a sterile operating table, inoculate the new coarse-haired corn seed into the cooled cultivation bag and place it in a light-proof culture room with a temperature of 25±3℃ and a humidity of 60% for 7 days. After 7 days, remove the contaminated bags. S3, Mushroom Management: After the mycelium fills the bag, transfer it to the Smart Cloud Warehouse for Edible Fungi Cultivation. Remove the cap, ring, and upper mycelium skin. Control the cultivation temperature at 23±2℃, relative humidity at 90%±5%, CO2 concentration below 600ppm, and light intensity at 500lx. Cultivate until the fruiting bodies mature. S4, Harvesting: Harvest when the fruiting body turns purple and the auricles unfold.

[0008] Preferably, the method for preparing the maize seed in step S2 is as follows: soak maize kernels in 1% lime water for 3 days, changing the water once during this period, until the maize kernels have no white core, drain them, add 5% fine sawdust, 4% wheat bran and 1% gypsum and mix well, put them into a 650mL tissue culture bottle, sterilize at 121℃ for 3 hours, cool naturally to room temperature and inoculate, shake 7 days after inoculation to mix the upper germinating hyphae evenly, culture for 25-30 days until the hyphae fill the tissue culture bottle to obtain the maize seed; wherein, the particle size of the fine sawdust is 0.5-0.8cm, and the proportion of each component is a mass percentage.

[0009] Preferably, the new coarse-haired leather ear fungus strain in step S2 is strain PanusITS01, whose ITS sequence has the NCBI database number OR052689.1.

[0010] A novel strain of *Panus ITS01* with an ITS sequence length of 645 bp has been identified. The sequence similarity (Perdent value) with accession number OR052689.1 in the NCBI database is 100%.

[0011] Preferably, the fruiting bodies are obtained from the collected wild fruiting bodies by tissue isolation and purification using PDA culture medium.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention optimizes an existing cultivation substrate formula and cultivation method for a new type of coarse-haired leather ear fungus. The cultivation substrate formula of this invention is scientific and reasonable, and the components work synergistically to provide sufficient carbon, nitrogen, mineral and other nutrients for the growth and development of the new coarse-haired leather ear fungus, while creating a suitable environment with good air permeability and water retention. Using this formula to cultivate *Auricularia auricula-judae*, the mycelial growth rate is rapid, reaching 5.32 mm / d by day 6. Primordia formation is abundant and dense, with a single bag yield of up to 55.75 g of fruiting bodies and a biological efficiency of 13.94%, significantly superior to other formulations. Furthermore, the fruiting bodies are plump, firm, and uniform in color, exhibiting excellent overall quality. The cultivation method of this invention is standardized and easy to operate. By optimizing and clarifying parameters in key stages such as cultivation bag preparation, inoculation, fruiting management, and harvesting, the stability and repeatability of the cultivation process are effectively improved. This solves the key problems of lack of basis for raw material selection and large yield fluctuations in the large-scale cultivation of *Auricularia auricula-judae*, providing reliable technical support for its industrial development and promotion. The cultivation raw materials used in this invention (sawdust, cottonseed hulls, bran, etc.) are all common agricultural wastes or by-products, widely available and inexpensive. This not only achieves efficient recycling of agricultural resources and reduces cultivation costs but also reduces environmental pollution from waste, resulting in significant economic, social, and environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This invention provides a phylogenetic tree for a novel cultivation substrate formula and cultivation method for *Helicobacter pylori*. Figure 2 This is a morphological diagram of *Auricularia auricula-judae* at different developmental stages in the cultivation substrate formula and cultivation method of a novel *Auricularia auricula-judae* according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a comparative diagram showing the formation of new coarse-haired leather ear primordia under different cultivation substrate formulations in the cultivation method and formulation of a new coarse-haired leather ear primordia according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Example 1 A novel cultivation substrate formula for *Auricularia auricula-judae* is characterized by comprising, by weight percentage: 50% cottonseed hulls, 28% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% gypsum, and 1% lime, with the moisture content adjusted to approximately 60%. The sawdust is *Quercus glauca* sawdust with a particle size of 0.5–0.8 cm. The cultivation method for this novel *Auricularia auricula-judae* using the above-mentioned cultivation substrate formula includes the following steps:

[0016] S1, Cultivation bag production: Mix the components of the cultivation substrate evenly according to the ratio, pack them into 17*33 polyethylene corner bags, each bag weighing 400g of dry material, sterilize at 121℃ for 3 hours, and let cool naturally before use. S2, Inoculation and Culture: On a sterile operating table, inoculate the new coarse-haired corn seed into the cooled cultivation bag and place it in a light-proof culture room with a temperature of 25±3℃ and a humidity of 60% for 7 days. After 7 days, remove the contaminated bags. S3, Mushroom Management: After the mycelium fills the bag, transfer it to the Smart Cloud Warehouse for Edible Fungi Cultivation. Remove the cap, ring, and upper mycelium skin. Control the cultivation temperature at 23±2℃, relative humidity at 90%±5%, CO2 concentration below 600ppm, and light intensity at 500lx. Cultivate until the fruiting bodies mature. S4, Harvesting: Harvest when the fruiting body turns purple and the auricles unfold, record the yield per bag and calculate the biological efficiency.

[0017] According to the measurements, in this embodiment, the mycelial growth rate of *Eurys pubescens* (on day 6) was 5.32 mm / d, the yield of fruiting bodies per bag was 55.75 g, the biological efficiency was 13.94%, the fruiting bodies were plump and firm, and the overall quality was excellent.

[0018] Example 2 Five sets of comparative formulas were set up, as follows: Table 1 Different culture medium formulations The same cultivation method as in Example 1 was used (except for the cultivation substrate formula, all other steps and parameters were the same). The mycelial growth rate (day 6), average yield per bag of fruiting bodies, and biological efficiency of *Auricularia auricula-judae* were measured under each formula. The results are shown below: 1. Effects of different formulations on the mycelial growth of *Auricularia auricula-judae* and evaluation of mycelial growth vigor. Table 2. Measurement of mycelial growth rate (mm / d) 2. The effect of different formulations on the yield of new coarse wool leather ear atom entities Table 3 Yield, dry weight, and biological efficiency of different formulations As shown in Tables 2 and 3, the cultivation substrate formulation of Example 1 is significantly superior to other comparative formulations in terms of average fruiting body yield per bag and biological efficiency, and the mycelial growth rate is at a high level, fully demonstrating the superiority of the cultivation substrate formulation of the present invention. Furthermore, comparing the experimental results of different formulations reveals that as the proportion of cottonseed hulls added to the cultivation substrate increases, the number of primordia formed, the fruiting body yield, and the biological efficiency of *Eriocaulon buergerianum* all show a significant upward trend, further verifying the scientific validity and rationality of the component proportions in the formulation of the present invention.

[0019] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the features in the disclosed embodiments can be combined with each other in any manner. The lack of an exhaustive description of these combinations in this specification is merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cultivation substrate formulation for Sarcodon aspratus, characterized by, The cultivation substrate consists of the following components in percentage by mass: cottonseed hulls 50%, sawdust 28%, bran 20%, gypsum 1%, lime 1%, and the water content of the cultivation substrate is adjusted to about 60%.

2. A cultivation substrate formulation for a new rough-hair leather fungus according to claim 1, characterized by, The sawdust is green oak sawdust with a particle size of 0.5-0.8 cm.

3. A method for cultivating Sarcodon aspratus, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, cultivation bag preparation: uniformly mix the components of the cultivation substrate in proportion, fill into a 17*33 size polyethylene angle bag, the dry material weight of each bag is 400 g, sterilize at 121 DEG C for 3 h, and naturally cool to prepare for use; S2, inoculation and culture: on a sterile operation table, inoculate the cooled cultivation bag with new corn tricholoma spores, place in a light-proof culture room with a temperature of 25±3 DEG C and a humidity of 60%, and after 7 days, pick out the contaminated bags; S3, mushroom management: after the mycelium fills the bag, transfer to an edible fungus cultivation intelligent cloud warehouse, remove the cover, sleeve ring and upper layer of mycelium, control the culture temperature to be 23±2 DEG C, the air relative humidity to be 90%±5%, the CO2 concentration to be less than 600 ppm, and the light intensity to be 500 lx, and culture until the fruiting bodies mature; S4, harvesting: when the fruiting bodies change color to purple and the ear pieces expand, harvest.

4. A method for cultivating a new species of Sarcodon as claimed in claim 3, wherein The preparation method of the corn spores in step S2 is as follows: soak corn kernels in 1% lime water for 3 days, replace the water once during the period, until the corn kernels have no white core, take out and drain, add 5% fine sawdust, 4% bran and 1% gypsum, mix uniformly, fill into 650 mL tissue culture bottles, sterilize at 121 DEG C for 3 h, naturally cool to room temperature for inoculation, after inoculation, vibrate for 7 days to uniformly mix the upper layer of germinated mycelium, culture for 25-30 days until the mycelium grows to fill the tissue culture bottles, and obtain the corn spores; wherein the particle size of the fine sawdust is 0.5-0.8 cm, and the proportions of the components are all percentage by mass.

5. The cultivation method of a new rough-hair leather polyporus according to claim 3, characterized by, The new tricholoma sordidum strain in step S2 is strain Panus ITS01, the ITS sequence of which has NCBI library number OR052689.

1.

6. A new strain of Panus tigris ITS01, characterized in that, The ITS sequence length is 645 bp, and the similarity with the sequence with accession number OR052689.1 in the NCBI database is 100%.

7. A new strain of Panus tigris ITS01 according to claim 6, characterized in that, It is obtained by tissue separation and purification from the collected wild fruiting bodies using PDA medium.

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