Coal mining machine

Abstract

The invention provides a coal mining machine which comprises a first shell, a control part, a traction part and an adjusting part are arranged in the first shell, the traction part is connected with a walking device, the adjusting part is connected with a cutting part, the cutting part comprises a second shell, a roller and a plurality of cutting units, and a first driving assembly and a first transmission assembly are arranged in the second shell. The first driving assembly is connected with a rotating shaft of the roller through the first transmission assembly, the multiple cutting units are evenly arranged on the roller in the circumferential direction, the first driving assembly comprises an axial magnetic flux motor and multiple monitoring devices, the monitoring devices are used for monitoring the running state of the first driving assembly, and the first transmission assembly at least comprises a planetary gear structure. The overall size and weight are remarkably reduced, the trafficability and adaptive capacity of equipment in narrow coal seam and complex roadway environments are improved, the power density and transmission efficiency of a driving device are remarkably improved, torque output and overload capacity are enhanced, and continuity and economical efficiency of coal mining operation are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the technical field of coal mining equipment, and more specifically, to a coal mining machine. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining operations, the coal mining machine is a key piece of equipment, and the performance of its cutting section drive system directly affects the overall operating efficiency, stability, and operation and maintenance costs. Traditional coal mining machines often use asynchronous motors paired with multi-stage gear transmission reducers. This approach suffers from technical shortcomings such as bulky structure, long mechanical transmission chains, low energy efficiency, poor heat dissipation, and frequent maintenance requirements. Common coal mining machine height adjustment pumps typically rely on hydraulic cylinders, which are prone to oil leakage and overheating under high-frequency operation, potentially posing safety hazards. Their reliability and adaptability in complex and variable operating environments are also insufficient. Although radial flux permanent magnet synchronous motors have gradually gained application in recent years, their inherently long axial dimension makes it difficult to achieve efficient and flexible compact layouts in narrow coal seam environments.

[0003] Traditional coal mining machine drive systems suffer from the following technical limitations: First, their bulky structure and long mechanical transmission chains result in large overall sizes that are difficult to adapt to narrow coal seam environments, affecting the machine's maneuverability and flexibility. Second, the hybrid use of electric and hydraulic cylinders complicates the drive system, with AC power supply further exacerbating this complexity. Third, low energy efficiency and high heat consumption lead to energy waste and significantly reduce equipment reliability and lifespan. Fourth, the lack of real-time drive system status monitoring and intelligent diagnostics results in frequent maintenance and long downtime, impacting the continuity and safety of coal mining operations. Although radial flux permanent magnet synchronous motors offer performance improvements, their inherently long axial dimensions still prevent them from effectively addressing the application challenges of existing drive systems in space-constrained conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a coal mining machine to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a coal mining machine, including a first housing. A control unit, a traction unit, and an adjustment unit are disposed within the first housing. The traction unit is connected to a traveling device, and the adjustment unit is connected to a cutting unit. The cutting unit includes a second housing, a drum, and multiple cutting units. A first drive assembly and a first transmission assembly are disposed within the second housing. The first drive assembly is connected to the rotating shaft of the drum via the first transmission assembly. The multiple cutting units are circumferentially and evenly arranged on the drum. The first drive assembly includes an axial flux motor and multiple monitoring devices. The monitoring devices are used to monitor the operating status of the first drive assembly. The first transmission assembly includes at least a planetary gear structure.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first drive assembly includes an axial flux motor or a plurality of axial flux motors connected in series.

[0007] In some embodiments, the monitoring device includes at least a temperature sensor, a vibration sensor, and an oil sensor.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first drive assembly and the first transmission assembly are disposed within the second housing via an integrated support device, the integrated support device comprising at least a crossed roller bearing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the cutting section further includes a heat dissipation system, which employs a shared forced cooling method and a combined oil cooling and water cooling method.

[0010] In some embodiments, there are two traction units, which are disposed within the housing near the center and are arranged symmetrically.

[0011] In some embodiments, the traction unit includes a second drive assembly and a second transmission assembly. The second drive assembly is connected to the walking device via the second transmission assembly. The second drive assembly includes at least an axial flux motor, and the second transmission assembly includes at least a planetary gear structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the traction unit is provided with an integrated support device, a heat dissipation system, and a plurality of monitoring devices. The integrated support device is used to support the second drive component and the second transmission component. The heat dissipation system is used to achieve shared forced cooling. The plurality of monitoring devices are used to monitor the second drive component.

[0013] In some embodiments, there are two adjustment parts, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the first housing and extend outward, and are respectively connected to the corresponding cutting part.

[0014] In some embodiments, the adjustment unit includes a third drive assembly, a height adjustment pump, and an adjustment arm. The end of the adjustment arm is connected to the cutting unit. The third drive assembly drives the height adjustment pump to move the adjustment arm to adjust the height and position of the cutting unit. The third drive assembly includes at least an axial flux motor.

[0015] The advantages of the embodiments disclosed herein over the prior art are as follows:

[0016] 1. By optimizing the structural layout of the cutting drive unit of the coal mining machine, the overall volume and weight are significantly reduced, improving the equipment's passability and adaptability in narrow coal seams and complex roadway environments.

[0017] 2. The drive unit is unified into an all-electric drive system. The innovative combination of all-axial flux motor drive and remote DC frequency conversion power supply technology is used to build a highly integrated drive architecture, which improves the reliability and environmental adaptability of the drive unit.

[0018] 3. Significantly improves the power density and transmission efficiency of the drive unit, reduces energy consumption, enhances torque output and overload capacity, and ensures the efficient and stable operation of the coal mining machine under complex working conditions. The overall energy consumption is significantly lower than that of the traditional asynchronous motor + multi-stage reduction scheme. At the same time, it enhances torque output and overload capacity, achieving energy saving and emission reduction benefits.

[0019] 4. Enables intelligent monitoring of the coal mining machine's status, collects operational data in real time and uploads it to the central control system, supporting remote monitoring and intelligent diagnostics. Through predictive maintenance and fault early warning functions, it significantly reduces the probability of unplanned downtime, ensuring the continuity and economy of coal mining operations. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal mining machine provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0022] Figure 2 One of the structural cross-sectional views of the cutting section in a coal mining machine provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 3 A second structural cross-sectional view of the cutting section in a coal mining machine provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting section in a coal mining machine provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the traction unit in a coal mining machine provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the traction unit in a coal mining machine provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly in the traction unit of a coal mining machine provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting section in a coal mining machine provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the regulating section in a coal mining machine provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0030] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the adjusting arm of the adjusting section in a coal mining machine not being raised, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting arm being raised in the adjusting section of a coal mining machine provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure label:

[0033] 1-First housing; 2-Traction unit; 21-Second drive assembly; 22-Second transmission assembly; 3-Adjustment unit; 31-Third drive assembly; 32-Height adjustment pump; 33-Adjustment arm; 4-Cutting unit; 41-Second housing; 42-Roller; 43-Cutting unit; 44-First drive assembly; 45-First transmission assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Various embodiments and features of this disclosure are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] It should be understood that various modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein. Therefore, the above description should not be considered as limiting, but merely as an example of embodiments. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0036] The accompanying drawings, which are included in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the general description of the disclosure given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

[0037] These and other features of this disclosure will become apparent from the following description of preferred forms of embodiments given as non-limiting examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] It should also be understood that although this disclosure has been described with reference to some specific examples, those skilled in the art can certainly implement many other equivalent forms of this disclosure, which have the features described in the claims and are therefore all within the scope of protection defined herein.

[0039] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of this disclosure will become more apparent when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and in view of the following detailed description.

[0040] Specific embodiments of this disclosure are described thereafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the claimed embodiments are merely examples of this disclosure, which may be implemented in various ways. Well-known and / or repeated functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid unnecessary or redundant details that could obscure this disclosure. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details claimed herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely to serve as the basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to use this disclosure in a variety of substantially any suitable detailed structures.

[0041] This specification may use the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in another embodiment,” “in yet another embodiment,” or “in still another embodiment,” all of which may refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to this disclosure.

[0042] This disclosure provides a coal mining machine, such as... Figures 1-11 As shown, it includes a first housing 1 and a walking device. The first housing 1 is provided with a control unit, a traction unit 2 and an adjustment unit 3. The traction unit 2 is connected to the walking device, and the adjustment unit 3 is connected to the cutting unit 4. Here, the walking device and the cutting unit 4 are located outside the first housing 1.

[0043] Specifically, the traction unit 2 here is connected to the walking device on the first housing 1 and is used to drive the walking device to move. In this embodiment, there are preferably two traction units 2. The two traction units 2 are arranged in a symmetrical manner near the center inside the housing 1. The two traction units 2 can provide sufficient walking power for the coal mining machine.

[0044] In order to achieve coal seam cutting operations from multiple directions, there are two adjustment parts 3. The two adjustment parts 3 are respectively located at both ends of the first housing 1 and are respectively connected to the corresponding cutting parts 4. The two adjustment parts 3 extend outward from both ends of the first housing 1, so that the position of the cutting parts 4 can be adjusted by the two adjustment parts 3 respectively, so that the two cutting parts 4 can simultaneously cut coal seams in different directions.

[0045] In this embodiment, the cutting unit 4 performs coal seam cutting operations on the current working face based on the control of the control unit. During this process, the position and attitude of the cutting unit 4 are adjusted by the adjustment unit 3 according to the working face conditions.

[0046] Furthermore, the cutting section 4 includes a second housing 41, a drum 42, and a plurality of cutting units 43. The second housing 41 is provided with a first drive assembly 44 and a first transmission assembly 45. The first drive assembly 44 is connected to the rotating shaft of the drum 42 through the first transmission assembly 45. Here, the first drive assembly 44 is, for example, a motor. The plurality of cutting units 43 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the drum 42. Here, the cutting units 43 are used to perform coal seam cutting operations.

[0047] Specifically, compared to the radial variable frequency motor typically used in the driving device for driving the cutting unit in the prior art, in this embodiment, the first driving component 44 includes an axial flux motor, which is located at one end of the second housing 41, and its rotor output shaft is directly connected to the input end of the first transmission component 45, so as to provide power to the drum 42 through the first transmission component 45.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the first drive assembly 44 may include one of the axial flux motors, or preferably as described above. Figure 3 As shown, the first drive assembly 44 includes multiple axial flux motors connected in series, thereby structurally replacing the hydraulic cylinder of the traditional height adjustment pump with multiple smaller axial flux motors forming a series architecture. This greatly reduces the space occupied by the first drive assembly 44, realizing the organic combination of the all-electric drive of the coal mining machine and the drive of the all-axial flux motors and DC frequency conversion drive, further improving the overall performance and intelligence level of the coal mining machine, and providing a more comprehensive and efficient solution for intelligent coal mining.

[0049] In this embodiment, the axial flux motor has a compact structure with a parallel disc-shaped stator and rotor, short axial length, and high power and torque density, enabling efficient operation within a limited space and providing sufficient power for cutting operations. The axial flux motor in this embodiment employs an array of permanent magnets, thereby increasing the air gap magnetic flux density and reducing cogging torque. Combined with a vector control algorithm, it achieves precise torque control and field weakening speed regulation, allowing for flexible speed adjustment according to the coal mining machine's operational needs, improving system performance and adaptability. Furthermore, DC inverter power supply technology is introduced to replace traditional AC power supply.

[0050] Furthermore, the first transmission component 45 is a compact reduction transmission device and includes at least a planetary gear structure. The planetary gear structure includes a sun gear, planet gears and a planet carrier, and a fixed internal gear ring. The sun gear is directly driven by the output shaft of the first drive component 44. The planet gears and the planet carrier serve as the main transmission components. The fixed internal gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second housing 41, thereby forming a highly efficient reduction transmission device. By adopting a planetary gear structure, the axial length of the transmission component can be significantly shortened compared to the prior art, and the high-speed rotation of, for example, the motor can be converted into the low-speed, high-torque output required by the drum 42, meeting the high torque requirements of coal mining operations.

[0051] In addition, the first drive assembly 45 also includes monitoring devices such as temperature sensors, vibration sensors, and oil sensors. These monitoring devices monitor the operating status of the first drive assembly 44 in real time, collect key data, and upload the data to the central control system of the coal mining machine for processing and display. This enables remote monitoring and intelligent diagnosis of the first drive assembly 44, such as real-time comparison with historical data to assess the health status of the drive unit and provide fault warnings. Thus, if the first drive assembly 44 malfunctions, it can promptly issue a warning signal, reminding maintenance personnel to inspect and handle the situation, effectively preventing faults, reducing equipment failure rates and maintenance costs, and improving the safety and continuity of coal mining operations.

[0052] Furthermore, the first drive assembly 44 and the first transmission assembly 45 are disposed within the second housing 41 by an integrated support device. The integrated support device includes at least a crossed roller bearing, which can support, for example, the rotor of a motor and the planetary carrier in a planetary gear structure in an integrated manner, greatly shortening the axial length of the first transmission assembly 45. While ensuring support stability and reliability, the axial compactness of the cutting part 4 is further optimized, making it easier to install and arrange in a space-constrained coal mining machine.

[0053] Furthermore, the cutting section 4 also includes a heat dissipation system. This system employs a shared forced cooling method combined with oil and water cooling. It includes at least a heat exchanger and heat dissipation pipes. Cooling oil flows through the heat dissipation pipes first through a high-efficiency cooling jacket, for example, outside the stator of a motor, to maximize heat transfer efficiency and remove heat from the motor to ensure stable operation. Then, it is precisely sprayed onto the planetary gear meshing area in the first transmission assembly 45 for lubrication and heat dissipation, reducing wear and extending service life. Finally, it returns to the heat exchanger and is cooled by water to form a closed loop. The heat dissipation system of this embodiment is optimized for harsh operating conditions of high temperature and high dust. Through special oil circuit sealing and anti-pollution design, it ensures cooling efficiency, significantly improves the reliability and durability of the cutting section 4, and ensures long-term stable operation of the coal mining machine.

[0054] Furthermore, the second outer shell 41 of the cutting section 4 is an integrated explosion-proof shell, which not only has robust protective performance and meets the explosion-proof standards for mining, ensuring the safe operation of the coal mining machine in the complex and harsh underground environment; at the same time, by reasonably setting the structure inside the second shell 41, key components such as the first drive assembly 44, the first transmission assembly 45, the heat dissipation system, and the monitoring device are encapsulated into one unit, thereby forming a highly integrated modular unit. This facilitates installation, maintenance, and replacement, improving the maintenance efficiency and overall performance of the coal mining machine.

[0055] Furthermore, the traction unit 2 includes a second drive assembly 21 and a second transmission assembly 22. The second drive assembly 21 is connected to the walking device of the coal mining machine through the second transmission assembly 22. Here, the second drive assembly 21 can be a motor.

[0056] Furthermore, the adjustment unit 3 includes a third drive assembly 31, a height adjustment pump 32, and an adjustment arm 33. The end of the adjustment arm 33 is connected to the cutting unit 4. The third drive assembly 31 drives the height adjustment pump 32, thereby causing the adjustment arm 33 to move and adjust the height and position of the cutting unit 4. Figure 10 This shows the case where the adjusting arm 33 is not raised. Figure 11 This shows the situation where the adjusting arm 33 is raised.

[0057] Both the second drive assembly 21 in the traction unit 2 and the third drive assembly 31 in the adjustment unit 3 employ axial flux motors, thereby replacing conventional variable frequency motors or hydraulic cylinders. Preferably, the third drive assembly 31 can also employ multiple axial flux motors connected in series, thus structurally replacing the hydraulic cylinders of the traditional height adjustment pump with multiple smaller axial flux motors forming a series structure, greatly reducing the space occupied by the third drive assembly 31, and realizing the organic combination of the all-electric drive of the coal mining machine and the drive of the all-axial flux motors and DC variable frequency drive.

[0058] The embodiments disclosed herein achieve a compact design of the coal mining machine by employing axial flux motors in the cutting section, traction section, and adjustment section. This reduces the overall size and weight, improves power density and transmission efficiency, enhances torque output and overload capacity, ensures stable operation of the coal mining machine in complex working conditions such as narrow coal seams and complex roadways, while also improving reliability, environmental adaptability, and ease of maintenance, reducing maintenance costs and downtime, and ensuring the continuity and safety of coal mining operations.

[0059] Furthermore, the traction unit 2 can also refer to the cutting unit 4, wherein the second transmission component 22 is a compact reduction transmission device and includes at least a planetary gear structure, which includes a sun gear, planet gears and a planet carrier, and a fixed internal gear ring. The sun gear is directly driven by the output shaft of the second drive component 21. The planet gears and the planet carrier serve as the main transmission components. The fixed internal gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first housing 1, thereby forming a highly efficient reduction transmission device that converts, for example, the high-speed rotation of a motor into the low-speed, high-torque output required by the walking device, meeting the high torque requirements of walking operations. In addition, the traction unit 2 is also provided with an integrated support device to support the second drive component 21 and the second transmission component 22. A heat dissipation system can also be provided to achieve shared forced cooling, and multiple monitoring devices can be provided to monitor the second drive component 21. The configuration here is the same as that of the cutting unit 4 described above and will not be repeated.

[0060] In this embodiment, the cutting section 4 and the traction section 2 are formed by deeply integrating the axial flux motor and the compact reduction transmission device into a compact housing to form a highly integrated drive unit. At the same time, it is equipped with an integrated support device, a shared forced cooling heat dissipation system, and intelligent status monitoring based on multiple monitoring devices, which can achieve a combination of high power density, high transmission efficiency, compact layout, strong overload capacity and high reliability.

[0061] This disclosure presents an intelligent coal mining machine that organically combines an all-axial flux motor drive with a remote DC frequency converter drive. This not only effectively solves the problems of large size, low efficiency, and poor reliability of the cutting section drive device in traditional coal mining machines, but also provides a brand-new high-performance drive solution for coal mining machinery technology, which is particularly suitable for intelligent coal mining operations under complex working conditions.

[0062] The advantages of the embodiments disclosed herein over the prior art are as follows:

[0063] 1. By optimizing the structural layout of the cutting drive unit of the coal mining machine, the overall volume and weight are significantly reduced, improving the equipment's passability and adaptability in narrow coal seams and complex roadway environments.

[0064] 2. The drive unit is unified into an all-electric drive system. The innovative combination of all-axial flux motor drive and remote DC frequency conversion power supply technology is used to build a highly integrated drive architecture, which improves the reliability and environmental adaptability of the drive unit.

[0065] 3. Significantly improves the power density and transmission efficiency of the drive unit, reduces energy consumption, enhances torque output and overload capacity, and ensures the efficient and stable operation of the coal mining machine under complex working conditions. The overall energy consumption is significantly lower than that of the traditional asynchronous motor + multi-stage reduction scheme. At the same time, it enhances torque output and overload capacity, achieving energy saving and emission reduction benefits.

[0066] 4. Enables intelligent monitoring of the coal mining machine's status, collects operational data in real time and uploads it to the central control system, supporting remote monitoring and intelligent diagnostics. Through predictive maintenance and fault early warning functions, it significantly reduces the probability of unplanned downtime, ensuring the continuity and economy of coal mining operations.

[0067] Furthermore, the features of the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings or the various embodiments mentioned in this specification should not be construed as independent embodiments. Rather, each feature described in one example of an embodiment can be combined with one or more other desired features from other embodiments to produce other embodiments not described in words or with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0068] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A coal mining machine characterized by, The first shell is internally provided with a control part, a traction part and an adjusting part, the traction part is connected with a walking device, the adjusting part is connected with a cutting part, the cutting part comprises a second shell, a drum and a plurality of cutting units, the first driving assembly is connected with the rotating shaft of the drum through the first transmission assembly, a plurality of cutting units are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the drum, the first driving assembly comprises an axial flux motor and a plurality of monitoring devices, the monitoring devices are used for monitoring the operating state of the first driving assembly, and the first transmission assembly at least comprises a planetary gear structure.

2. The coal mining machine of claim 1, wherein, The first driving assembly comprises one axial flux motor or a plurality of axial flux motors connected in series.

3. The coal mining machine of claim 1, wherein, The monitoring devices at least comprise a temperature sensor, a vibration sensor and an oil sensor.

4. The coal mining machine of claim 1, wherein, The first driving assembly and the first transmission assembly are arranged in the second shell through an integrated support device, and the integrated support device at least comprises a cross roller bearing.

5. The coal mining machine of claim 1, wherein, The cutting part further comprises a heat dissipation system, the heat dissipation system adopts a shared forced cooling mode and adopts an oil cooling and water cooling cooperative heat dissipation mode.

6. The coal mining machine according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The traction part is two, and the two traction parts are symmetrically arranged near the center of the shell.

7. A coal winning machine according to claim 6, characterised in that, The traction part comprises a second driving assembly and a second transmission assembly, the second driving assembly is connected with the walking device through the second transmission assembly, the second driving assembly at least comprises an axial flux motor, and the second transmission assembly at least comprises a planetary gear structure.

8. A coal winning machine according to claim 7, characterised in that, The traction part is provided with an integrated support device, a heat dissipation system and a plurality of monitoring devices, the integrated support device is used for supporting the second driving assembly and the second transmission assembly, the heat dissipation system is used for realizing shared forced cooling, and the plurality of monitoring devices are used for monitoring the second driving assembly.

9. The coal mining machine of claim 1, wherein, The adjusting part is two, and the two adjusting parts are respectively arranged at two ends of the first shell and extend outward, and the two adjusting parts are respectively connected with the corresponding cutting parts.

10. A coal winning machine according to claim 9, characterised in that, The adjusting part comprises a third driving assembly, a height adjusting pump and an adjusting arm, the end of the adjusting arm is connected with the cutting part, the third driving assembly drives the height adjusting pump to drive the adjusting arm to adjust the height and position of the cutting part, and the third driving assembly at least comprises an axial flux motor.

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