Energy storage devices, energy storage systems, charging networks, and control methods for energy storage devices

Abstract

This application discloses an energy storage device, an energy storage system, a charging network, and a control method for the energy storage device. An embodiment of the energy storage device includes: a housing, multiple battery unit sections, and a first heat exchange component. The multiple battery unit sections are housed within the housing, each including a first battery unit section and a second battery unit section with a temperature difference. Each first and second battery unit section includes at least one battery unit. Each battery unit includes multiple individual battery cells and a heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the individual battery cells. The first heat exchange component includes a first unidirectional heat exchange pipe and a second unidirectional heat exchange pipe with opposite flow directions. The first and second unidirectional heat exchange pipes are connected to the heat exchanger components of the first and second battery unit sections and are interconnected to form a first circulating heat exchange loop. This design can improve energy density, reduce costs, and increase energy utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to an energy storage device, an energy storage system, a charging network, and a control method for the energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of technology, electricity has become an indispensable energy source in people's production and daily life. To improve the smoothness of electricity supply and ensure the normal operation of production and daily life, energy storage devices are needed. As devices that cyclically store and release electrical energy, energy storage devices are used to store electrical energy or supply the stored energy to electrical devices through charging or discharging. Energy storage devices are widely used in industrial power supply, household power supply, temporary power supply, mobile power supply, wind power generation, solar power generation, and energy storage power stations.

[0003] In the development of energy storage devices, in addition to improving their performance, reducing their operating costs is also a crucial issue. Therefore, how to reduce the operating costs of energy storage devices while increasing energy density is a continuous technical challenge in energy storage technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an energy storage device, an energy storage system, a charging network, and a control method for the energy storage device, which can improve energy density, reduce costs, and improve energy utilization.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an energy storage device, comprising: a housing, a plurality of battery device sections, and a first heat exchange assembly; the plurality of battery device sections are housed within the housing, the plurality of battery device sections including a first battery device section and a second battery device section, a temperature difference existing between the first battery device section and the second battery device section, each of the first battery device section and the second battery device section including at least one battery device, the battery device including a plurality of battery cells and a heat exchange element, the heat exchange element being used for heat exchange with the battery cells; the first heat exchange assembly includes a first unidirectional heat exchange pipe and a second unidirectional heat exchange pipe with opposite flow directions, the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe being connected to the heat exchange element of the first battery device section and the heat exchange element of the second battery device section, and being interconnected to form a first circulating heat exchange loop.

[0006] In this embodiment, a first unidirectional heat exchange pipe and a second unidirectional heat exchange pipe with opposite flow directions connect the heat exchange components of the two battery devices, forming a complete first circulating heat exchange loop. When the first battery device is at a high temperature due to heat generated during charging and discharging, and the second battery device is at a low temperature, the heat on the high-temperature side is transferred to the heat exchange medium through the heat exchange component. The heat exchange medium flows through the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe to the heat exchange component of the second battery device, transferring heat to the battery device on the low-temperature side. Simultaneously, the heat exchange medium on the low-temperature side flows back to the high-temperature side through the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe, realizing thermal interaction between the two battery devices. No additional heating or cooling equipment is needed; the waste heat of the battery devices themselves is directly utilized, improving the waste heat utilization rate of the battery devices. At the same time, the temperature balance between the two battery devices is maintained through heat transfer, avoiding local overheating or overcooling caused by excessive temperature differences. This reduces the energy consumption required to maintain a suitable battery temperature, especially in low-temperature environments, eliminating the need for frequent activation of heating devices, significantly reducing the overall energy consumption of the energy storage system and lowering the cost of the energy storage device.

[0007] In some alternative embodiments, the first heat exchange assembly further includes a drive element connected to the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe for driving the flow of the heat exchange medium within the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe.

[0008] In this embodiment, when the temperature difference between the first battery device and the second battery device is small or there is a height difference, natural convection is difficult to drive the heat exchange medium to flow. At this time, the driving member can control the medium flow rate to ensure that heat is transferred between the first battery device and the second battery device. When the temperature difference increases, the driving member can increase the flow rate to accelerate the heat exchange efficiency.

[0009] In some alternative embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a heat exchange medium contained within heat exchange elements and a first heat exchange assembly, wherein the total volume of all heat exchange elements and the first heat exchange assembly is greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium.

[0010] In this embodiment, the total volume of all heat exchange components and the first heat exchange assembly is greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium. This can cope with the volume expansion caused by the temperature change of the heat exchange medium, prevent the pipes and heat exchange components from rupturing due to excessive pressure, and the reserved space can facilitate the heat exchange medium's own heat absorption and release to achieve heat interaction circulation.

[0011] In some alternative embodiments, the heat exchange medium includes a phase change material. In this embodiment, the phase change material utilizes the latent heat of phase change. When one battery device is generating heat during operation, it absorbs heat and undergoes a phase change, storing a large amount of residual heat to prevent a sudden temperature rise in that battery device. When another battery device is at a low temperature, it releases heat and undergoes a reverse phase change to replenish the heat for that battery device, thus achieving self-driving capability.

[0012] In some alternative embodiments, both the first battery device and the second battery device are in an operational state, and the first battery device and the second battery device are in an operational state alternately.

[0013] In this embodiment, the first battery device and the second battery device work alternately, which can avoid the continuous temperature rise caused by a single battery device being in a charging and discharging state for a long time. By alternating the standby, the standby battery device has enough time to dissipate or absorb heat and maintain temperature stability. The alternating operation can ensure that there is always a temperature difference between the two battery devices. The battery device in the working state has a high temperature due to the heat generated by charging and discharging, while the standby state has a low temperature, which provides continuous heat exchange power for the first cycle heat exchange circuit without relying on external temperature difference conditions, ensuring continuous heat interaction and further improving the waste heat utilization rate.

[0014] In some alternative embodiments, the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe includes a connected heat exchange pipe body and a one-way valve.

[0015] In this embodiment, the one-way valve can control the heat exchange medium to flow only in a set direction, forming a circulation loop in one direction, avoiding the flow of the heat exchange medium from the inlet and outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange device to the inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange device, thus preventing circulation; the one-way valve can be set at any position on the heat exchange pipeline body as needed, which is highly flexible and easy to install.

[0016] In some alternative embodiments, the first heat exchange assembly is housed within the chamber and located on one side of a plurality of battery units.

[0017] In this embodiment, the first heat exchange component is located on one side of multiple battery units, which reduces the storage space occupied by the first heat exchange component, improves the space utilization of the chamber, and allows more battery units to be accommodated in the same volume of chamber, thereby increasing the energy storage capacity. The single-sided arrangement makes the distance between the first heat exchange component and all battery units relatively uniform. For example, when it is located on one side of the length direction, each battery unit is arranged along the length direction, and the pipes can be evenly branched and connected, reducing the uneven flow caused by the difference in pipe length, ensuring that the heat exchange efficiency of each battery unit is consistent, and avoiding local temperature imbalance. At the same time, the single-sided arrangement facilitates later maintenance. For example, all components of the first heat exchange component can be accessed from one side of the chamber, reducing the interference to the battery units during maintenance, reducing maintenance costs, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the energy storage device, and indirectly maintaining the energy utilization rate.

[0018] In some optional embodiments, the heat exchanger includes a heat-absorbing section, a condensing section, and a temperature-equalizing section. The heat-absorbing section is located on one side of the battery cell along the height direction of the battery device, and the condensing section is located on one side of the heat-absorbing section along the height direction and is used for heat exchange with the battery cell. At least a portion of the temperature-equalizing section extends along the length direction of the battery device and is used for heat exchange with the battery cell and the condensing section. The first unidirectional heat exchange pipe includes a first unidirectional pipe and a second unidirectional pipe, and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe includes a third unidirectional pipe and a fourth unidirectional pipe. The first unidirectional pipe and the third unidirectional pipe are connected to the heat-absorbing section of the first battery device and the condensing section of the second battery device and are in communication with each other. The second unidirectional pipe and the fourth unidirectional pipe are connected to the condensing section of the first battery device and the heat-absorbing section of the second battery device and are in communication with each other. The heat-absorbing section of the first battery device is lower than the condensing section of the second battery device, and the condensing section of the first battery device is higher than the heat-absorbing section of the second battery device.

[0019] In this embodiment, heat exchange between the first and second battery devices is achieved using gravity, eliminating the need for additional power. Furthermore, the heat absorption and condensation sections are independently configured, with the condensation sections of the first and second battery devices positioned higher than the heat absorption sections connected to each other. This ensures that all the liquid in the condensation section flows back to the heat absorption section, preventing the situation where liquid does not participate in circulation and only high-temperature gas circulates, which would affect heat exchange efficiency, in the case of flat-level heat exchange without a height difference.

[0020] In some alternative embodiments, multiple battery devices are arranged along the length and height of the energy storage device, with the first battery device section and the second battery device section arranged along the length; or, the first battery device section and the second battery device section are arranged along the height.

[0021] In this embodiment, the multi-dimensional arrangement along the length and height directions can maximize the utilization of the chamber space and increase the energy storage density per unit volume; the length direction arrangement of the first battery device section and the second battery device section can reduce the height difference between the two battery device sections, which is conducive to the circulation of the heat exchange medium and can reduce or eliminate the need for driving force; the height direction arrangement of the first battery device section and the second battery device section can allow the first heat exchange component to be placed on one side, reducing the pipe length.

[0022] In some alternative embodiments, the first battery device includes at least two battery devices, and the at least two battery devices are arranged along the length direction; or, the at least two battery devices are arranged along the height direction.

[0023] In this embodiment, the energy storage capacity of the first battery device can be further improved by using a multi-battery device layout of at least two battery devices along the length or height direction.

[0024] In some alternative embodiments, the second battery device includes at least two battery devices, and the at least two battery devices are arranged along the length direction; or, the at least two battery devices are arranged along the height direction.

[0025] In this embodiment, the second battery unit, through the arrangement of at least two battery units, forms an energy storage unit with the first battery unit that matches the capacity, avoiding the imbalance of charging and discharging caused by the difference in capacity between the two, ensuring the continuity of heat exchange, and the capacity balance makes the temperature difference between the two stable, without the need to frequently adjust the heat exchange direction; the complementary or adapted arrangement can optimize the spatial layout of the entire compartment.

[0026] In some alternative embodiments, the heat exchangers of at least two battery devices in the first battery device section are connected in parallel; and / or, the heat exchangers of at least two battery devices in the second battery device section are connected in parallel.

[0027] In this embodiment, parallel connection of heat exchangers ensures uniform medium flow rate for each heat exchanger. The pressure difference across each heat exchanger is consistent in parallel connection, mitigating the low efficiency of the end heat exchanger caused by flow rate attenuation along the flow path in series connection. This results in uniform heat exchange across all battery cells within the first or second battery unit, reducing localized overheating or overcooling. Furthermore, if a single heat exchanger fails, it can be isolated from the system by closing the corresponding shut-off valve, without affecting the normal operation of other heat exchangers, thus improving system reliability and ensuring continuous thermal interaction. Simultaneously, the parallel structure reduces the flow resistance of the heat exchange medium; the total parallel resistance coefficient is less than that of a single heat exchanger, reducing energy consumption and further decreasing the overall energy consumption of the energy storage device, improving waste heat utilization, and maintaining the temperature balance of the battery unit.

[0028] In some optional embodiments, the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe includes a plurality of first branch pipes, a plurality of second branch pipes, and a first unidirectional main pipe. The plurality of first branch pipes and the plurality of second branch pipes are all connected to the first unidirectional main pipe. The first branch pipes are connected to the inlet of the heat exchange component of the first battery device, and the second branch pipes are connected to the outlet of the heat exchange component of the second battery device. The second unidirectional heat exchange pipe includes a plurality of third branch pipes, a plurality of fourth branch pipes, and a second unidirectional main pipe. The plurality of third branch pipes and the plurality of fourth branch pipes are all connected to the second unidirectional main pipe. The third branch pipes are connected to the outlet of the heat exchange component of the first battery device, and the fourth branch pipes are connected to the inlet of the heat exchange component of the second battery device.

[0029] In this embodiment, the first unidirectional heat exchange pipeline, through the structure of branch pipes and main pipes, can achieve precise medium distribution and reasonable pipeline arrangement for each heat exchange component of the first battery device and the second battery device, thereby improving space utilization.

[0030] In some alternative embodiments, the first unidirectional main pipe includes a first pipe segment, a second pipe segment, and a third pipe segment. The first pipe segment and the second pipe segment extend along the height direction, and the third pipe segment extends along the length direction. The third pipe segment is connected between the first pipe segment and the second pipe segment. The first pipe segment is connected to a plurality of first branch pipes, and the second pipe segment is connected to a plurality of second branch pipes.

[0031] In this embodiment, the segmented structure of the first unidirectional main pipe can be adapted to the arrangement of the first and second battery devices along the height and length directions, so as to make reasonable arrangements and improve space utilization. At the same time, the segmented structure makes it easy to adjust the length of each pipe segment according to the size of the compartment and the layout of the battery devices, thus improving design flexibility.

[0032] In some alternative embodiments, the battery device includes a plurality of heat exchange elements and a second heat exchange assembly. The plurality of heat exchange elements includes a first heat exchange element and a second heat exchange element. The second heat exchange assembly includes a third unidirectional heat exchange pipe and a fourth unidirectional heat exchange pipe with opposite flow directions. The third unidirectional heat exchange pipe and the fourth unidirectional heat exchange pipe are connected to the first heat exchange element and the second heat exchange element and are interconnected to form a second circulating heat exchange loop.

[0033] In this embodiment, multiple heat exchange components and a second heat exchange assembly are added inside the battery device to achieve thermal interaction within the battery device and reduce excessive temperature differences caused by positional differences within the battery device. The second circulating heat exchange loop and the first circulating heat exchange loop form dual thermal management, further refining temperature control and ensuring uniform temperature for each battery cell. At the same time, internal heat exchange can reduce the heat load on the external first heat exchange assembly, reduce the operating energy consumption of the first heat exchange assembly, indirectly reduce the overall insulation energy consumption of the energy storage device, and improve energy utilization and cycle life of the battery cells.

[0034] In some alternative embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a third heat exchange component, which includes a fifth unidirectional heat exchange pipe and a sixth unidirectional heat exchange pipe with opposite flow directions. The fifth unidirectional heat exchange pipe and the sixth unidirectional heat exchange pipe are connected to a plurality of first heat exchange components and are interconnected to form a third circulating heat exchange loop.

[0035] In this embodiment, a third heat exchange component is added to connect multiple first heat exchange components, which can realize thermal interaction between multiple first heat exchange components. The third circulating heat exchange loop forms a system-level thermal management, realizes temperature balance of the entire energy storage device, and further improves waste heat utilization. It can reduce the energy consumption of driving components and heat exchange medium, significantly reduce the overall heat preservation energy consumption of the energy storage device, and improve system stability and service life.

[0036] Secondly, this application provides an energy storage system, including the aforementioned energy storage device, which is used to electrically connect to a power generation device.

[0037] Thirdly, this application provides a charging network, including: the energy storage device described above; and a charging pile, wherein the energy storage device is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

[0038] Fourthly, this application provides a control method based on the above-mentioned energy storage device, comprising: acquiring the current state of the battery device section; acquiring the highest temperature of the battery cells in the battery device section when the current state of the battery device section is the working state; and switching the current state of the battery device section from the working state to the standby state when the highest temperature is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature.

[0039] In this embodiment, the energy storage device does not have a separate cooling or heating device. When the operating temperature of a battery cell exceeds a first preset temperature, it will affect the service life of the battery cell. By switching the current state of the battery unit, the battery cell is kept at a suitable operating temperature, extending the service life of the battery cell. This also reduces the overheating of other standby battery units when multiple battery units are exchanging heat.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, the control method for the energy storage device further includes: when the current state of the battery device is a standby state, obtaining the lowest temperature of the individual battery cells in the battery device; when the lowest temperature is less than or equal to a second preset temperature, switching the current state of the battery device from the standby state to the operating state.

[0041] In this embodiment, the energy storage device does not have a separate cooling or heating device. When the operating temperature of the battery cell is lower than the second preset temperature, it will affect the service life of the battery cell. By switching the current state of the battery device, the temperature of the battery cell with a lower temperature can be raised. Especially when the external environment of the energy storage device is low, it is beneficial to extend the service life of the battery cell. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The features, advantages, and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of a charging network provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 This application provides schematic diagrams of energy storage systems according to some embodiments.

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an energy storage device structure provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Explosion diagram of the battery device;

[0047] Figure 5A schematic diagram of another energy storage device structure provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a structure of multiple battery device sections;

[0049] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another energy storage device structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 8 for Figure 3 Another structural schematic diagram of the multiple battery device sections in the diagram;

[0051] Figure 9 for Figure 3 Another structural schematic diagram of multiple battery device sections in the process;

[0052] Figure 10 for Figure 3 Another structural diagram of multiple battery device sections;

[0053] Figure 11 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery device;

[0054] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of an energy storage device structure provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating an example of a control method for an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating another example of a control method for an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0057] The accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0058] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0059] 1000 Charging network; 2000 Energy storage system; 100 Energy storage device; 200 Charging pile; 300 Power conversion device; 400 Power generation device; 500 Third heat exchange component; 510 Fifth unidirectional heat exchange pipe; 520 Sixth unidirectional heat exchange pipe;

[0060] 110. Battery assembly; 111. Housing; 112. Battery cell; 113. Heat exchanger; 113a. First heat exchanger; 113b. Second heat exchanger; 120. Compartment; 140. Battery assembly section; 141. First battery assembly section; 142. Second battery assembly section; 151. Heat absorption section; 152. Condensation section; 153. Temperature equalization section;

[0061] 130. First heat exchange assembly; 131. First one-way heat exchange pipe; 101. First pipe section; 102. Second pipe section; 103. Third pipe section; 104. Heat exchange pipe body; 105. One-way valve; 131a. First branch pipe; 131b. Second branch pipe; 131c. First one-way main pipe; 132. Second one-way heat exchange pipe; 132a. Third branch pipe; 132b. Fourth branch pipe; 132c. Second one-way main pipe; 133. Drive unit; 114. Second heat exchange assembly; 114a. Third one-way heat exchange pipe; 114b. Fourth one-way heat exchange pipe; 154. First one-way pipe; 155. Second one-way pipe; 156. Third one-way pipe; 157. Fourth one-way pipe; X: Length direction; Y: Width direction; Z: Height direction. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0063] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0064] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0065] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0066] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0067] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0068] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0069] With the development of clean energy, more and more devices are using electricity as their driving force, leading to the rapid development of power batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, which can store a large amount of electrical energy and can be repeatedly charged and discharged. These power batteries are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in aerospace and other fields.

[0070] Power plants are demanding increasingly higher area energy density from energy storage devices. Therefore, to increase power output, the total weight of the storage unit and its components must be reduced, which in turn increases the overall weight. However, energy storage devices need to be transported from the production site to the usage site via land and / or sea transport. Land and sea transport typically have weight restrictions, creating a conflict between increasing energy density and reducing the weight of the energy storage device.

[0071] In existing technologies, energy storage devices are equipped with thermal management systems. When the temperature of the energy storage device is low, it is heated by an external heat source; when the temperature is high, it is cooled by an external cold source. External heat sources typically convert electrical energy into heat energy, using methods such as hot-water / cold-water circulation or heating films to heat, cool, or maintain the temperature of the energy storage device. This thermal management scheme consumes the internal energy of the energy storage device for heating or cooling, leading to energy waste. In cold environments, the energy consumption of the thermal management system increases significantly, further reducing the overall efficiency of the energy storage device and extending start-up time.

[0072] In view of this, embodiments of this application propose an energy storage device, an energy storage system, a charging network, and a control method for the energy storage device. The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application can improve energy utilization, reduce costs, and achieve heat preservation.

[0073] Energy storage devices can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. These devices can store electrical energy as needed and output it when appropriate. For example, an energy storage device can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours. The energy storage system provided in this application embodiment can be any power system that requires energy storage devices.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a charging network provided in one embodiment of this application. This application provides a charging network 1000, which includes a charging pile 200 for charging electrical equipment. The charging network 1000 may also include an energy storage device 100 or an energy storage system 2000, wherein the energy storage device 100 is electrically connected to the charging pile 200 and provides power to the charging pile 200.

[0075] It should be noted that the charging pile 200 is electrically connected to the battery device 110 in the energy storage device 100 via a cable. The battery device 110 can supply its stored electrical energy to the charging pile 200. The charging pile 200 has one or more connectors for connecting to electrical equipment (such as vehicles), thereby enabling it to replenish energy. The application of the energy storage device 100 in this charging network 1000 can effectively improve the reliability of the charging network 1000 and also help to enhance the flexibility of the charging network 1000 during deployment.

[0076] The energy storage device 100 can be located inside the charging pile 200 (e.g., an integrated energy storage and charging unit) or outside the charging pile 200. In a charging network 1000, there can be one charging pile 200, and the energy storage device 100 provides power to one charging pile 200; there can also be multiple charging piles 200, and the energy storage device 100 provides power to multiple charging piles 200.

[0077] The energy storage device 100 may include one or more compartments 120 and a plurality of battery devices 110, wherein the plurality of battery devices 110 are housed in at least one compartment 120 and the battery devices 110 are electrically connected to the charging pile 200 so that the battery devices 110 provide power to the charging pile 200.

[0078] As an example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the charging network 1000 includes an energy storage device 100 and two charging piles 200, with the energy storage device 100 providing power to the two charging piles 200.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. This application provides an energy storage system 2000. The energy storage system 2000 includes a power conversion device 300, which is electrically connected to a power generation device 400 and an energy storage device 100 to convert the electrical power provided by the power generation device 400. The power conversion device 300 converts the electrical energy provided by the power generation device 400 and then stores it in the energy storage device 100.

[0080] A power conversion device 300 is used to connect between the power generation device 400 and the energy storage device 100. The power generation device 400 generates electrical energy and stores the generated electrical energy in the energy storage device 100 via the power conversion device. The application of the energy storage device 100 in the energy storage system 2000 can effectively improve the operational reliability of the energy storage system 2000. In specific implementations, the power generation equipment can be solar panels, hydroelectric power generation equipment, thermal power generation equipment, etc. This application does not limit the specific type of power generation equipment.

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage system 2000 includes an energy storage device 100 and a power conversion device 300. Two power generation devices 400 respectively transmit the generated electrical energy to the power conversion device 300, and the power conversion device 300 introduces the electrical energy into the energy storage device 100 for storage.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 3This application provides an energy storage device 100, which includes a plurality of compartments 120 arranged along a first direction. The first direction may be the height direction, the length direction, or the width direction of the compartments 120.

[0083] The storage unit 120 can be a cabinet or a container, and has an internal cavity that can accommodate other components of the energy storage device 100. The storage unit 120 can have a hexahedral structure. In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes an energy storage container, etc.

[0084] As an example, the storage compartment 120 can be a cuboid structure. Both the length and width directions of the storage compartment 120 are parallel to the horizontal plane, and the length direction of the storage compartment 120 is parallel to the longest side of its cuboid structure. The height direction of the storage compartment 120 is perpendicular to the ground. For example, the length direction of the storage compartment 120 is represented by X, the width direction by Y, and the height direction by Z.

[0085] Multiple compartments 120 are arranged along a first direction, which can be understood as multiple compartments 120 being stacked or connected along the first direction. Exemplarily, the first direction is the length, width, or height direction of the compartments 120. This application embodiment uses the height direction as an example for description.

[0086] The energy storage device 100 can have any number of compartments 120, either two or more. For example, the energy storage device 100 may include two compartments 120 stacked along the height direction; or, for instance, the energy storage device 100 may include three compartments 120 stacked along the height direction. As an example, the sum of the heights of all the compartments 120 stacked along the height direction is less than or equal to the sum of the heights of eight standard shipping containers stacked together.

[0087] The energy storage device 100 also includes a plurality of battery devices 110, which are used to provide or store electrical energy.

[0088] refer to Figure 4 The battery device 110 mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. The battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells 112, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connection via a busbar.

[0089] In this embodiment of the application, the battery cell 112 can be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a battery cell 112 that can be used again after being discharged by recharging to activate the active material.

[0090] The battery cell 112 can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0091] As an example, the battery cell 112 can be a cylindrical battery cell 112, a prismatic battery cell 112, a pouch battery cell 112, or a battery cell 112 of other shapes. The prismatic battery cell 112 includes a prismatic battery cell 112, a blade-shaped battery cell 112, and a multi-prismatic battery, such as a hexagonal prismatic battery. There are no particular limitations in this application.

[0092] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells 112. For example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells 112 into a single module. For example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells 112 together with cable ties.

[0093] In some embodiments, the battery device 110 may be a battery pack, which includes a housing 111 and one or more battery cell assemblies, the battery cell assemblies being housed in the housing 111.

[0094] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which can be housed in the housing 111 by fixing the battery module into the housing 111. As an example, the battery cell assembly can also be housed in the housing 111 by directly fixing multiple battery cells 112 to the housing 111. As an example, the housing 111 can include a first housing 111 and a second housing 111. The first housing 111 and the second housing 111 are fastened together, forming a closed space inside the housing 111 to house the battery cell assembly. Here, "closed" refers to covering or shutting down; it can be sealed or unsealed. The first housing 111 can be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0095] As an example, the housing 111 may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and the bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, so that the interior of the housing 111 forms an enclosed space to accommodate the battery cell assembly.

[0096] For example, multiple battery devices 110 are housed within at least one compartment 120. That is, some compartments 120 may contain battery devices 110 while others do not; or all compartments 120 may contain battery devices 110.

[0097] In embodiments where the battery device 110 is housed in a portion of the compartment 120, the battery device 110 may be housed in one compartment 120 or in multiple compartments 120.

[0098] The housing 120 contains multiple battery devices 110, which may be battery modules or battery packs. See some embodiments for details. Figure 4 The energy storage device 100 includes a control module for electrically controlling the multiple battery devices 110 of the energy storage device 100.

[0099] In this embodiment, by setting a control module, the control module can control the electrical energy input or output of the battery device 110, thereby realizing the electrical control of the battery device 110.

[0100] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device 100, including: a housing 120, a plurality of battery device sections 140, and a first heat exchange assembly 130. The plurality of battery device sections 140 are housed within the housing 120. Each of the plurality of battery device sections 140 includes a first battery device section 141 and a second battery device section 142. A temperature difference exists between the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142. Each of the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 includes at least one battery device 1. 10. The battery device 110 includes a plurality of battery cells 112 and a heat exchanger 113. The heat exchanger 113 is used to exchange heat with the battery cells 112. The first heat exchange assembly 130 includes a first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and a second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 with opposite flow directions. The first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 are connected to the heat exchanger 113 of the first battery device part 141 and the heat exchanger 113 of the second battery device part 142, and are interconnected to form a first circulating heat exchange loop.

[0101] The temperature difference between the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 is greater than zero. The temperature of the first battery device section 141 may be greater than or less than the temperature of the second battery device section 142. For example, the temperature difference between the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 may be 0.2℃, 0.5℃, 1℃, 3℃, 5℃, 10℃, 20℃, 25℃, etc.

[0102] For example, the plurality of battery device sections 140 may include only the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142, or the plurality of battery device sections 140 may include not only the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142, but also other battery device sections 140 such as the third battery device section 140 or the fourth battery device section 140. For example, the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 may have one or more battery devices 110, and the number of battery devices 110 in the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 may be the same or different.

[0103] The battery device 110 includes one or more heat exchange elements 113. In some examples, the heat exchange element 113 may be a heat exchange plate or a heat exchange pipe. In some examples, the heat exchange element 113 may be disposed on one side of a plurality of battery cells 112, or disposed between a plurality of battery cells 112. As an example, the heat exchange element 113 may be disposed on the side of the battery cell 112 away from the terminal post, or disposed on the side of the battery cell 112. In some examples, the interior of the heat exchange element 113 may be a hollow channel or a finned structure.

[0104] The first heat exchange assembly 130 may have one or more sets. Exemplarily, the first heat exchange assembly 130 may be disposed inside or outside the chamber 120; for example, the first heat exchange assembly 130 may be located at the top, bottom, or side of the chamber 120. In some examples, the first heat exchange assembly 130 may include one or more first unidirectional heat exchange pipes 131 and one or more second unidirectional heat exchange pipes 132.

[0105] In other examples, the first heat exchange assembly 130 may also include other pipes and pipe connections, such as on / off valves, adapters, speed control valves, check valves, pumps, etc.

[0106] Both the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 can be composed of a single pipe or multiple pipes. For example, the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 can be configured as straight or curved. In some examples, the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 can be made of copper pipe, PPR pipe, or stainless steel pipe, etc.

[0107] In some examples, the connection between the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 and the heat exchange component 113 can be by welding, threaded connection, or connection with a connector, etc., wherein the connector can be a valve, pipe fitting, ferrule, or other structure.

[0108] In one example, the flow direction of the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 may be from the first battery device section 141 to the second battery device section 142; the flow direction of the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 may be from the second battery device section 142 to the first battery device section 141.

[0109] In some examples, the unidirectional flow of the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 can be achieved by embedding a unidirectional flow structure inside the pipe or by setting a one-way valve 105 between multiple pipe sections. As an example, one or both of the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 are provided with a one-way valve 105.

[0110] In one example, the circulation mode of the heat exchange medium in the first circulating heat exchange loop is as follows: The first battery device 141 generates heat during operation, which is exchanged through the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange element 113. The heated heat exchange medium is then transported along the first one-way heat exchange pipe 131 to the heat exchange element 113 of the second battery device 142 for heat exchange, thus heating the second battery device 142. When the temperature decreases, the cooled heat exchange medium is transported back along the second one-way heat exchange pipe 132 to the heat exchange element 113 of the first battery device 141 to cool the first battery device 141 and absorb its heat, continuing the cycle. Similarly, the second battery device 142 is in operation.

[0111] In some examples, the heat exchange medium within the first circulating heat exchange loop can be driven by the drive element 133 or driven based on its own phase change. As an example, efficient thermal management can be achieved in cold regions under extreme low-temperature environments.

[0112] In this embodiment, the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132, with opposite flow directions, connect the heat exchange elements 113 of the two battery device sections 140, forming a complete first circulating heat exchange loop. When the first battery device section 141 is in a high-temperature state due to heat generated during charging and discharging, and the second battery device section 142 is in a low-temperature state, the heat on the high-temperature side is transferred to the heat exchange medium through the heat exchange element 113. The heat exchange medium flows through the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 to the heat exchange element 113 of the second battery device section 142, transferring heat to the battery device section 140 on the low-temperature side. At the same time, the heat exchange medium on the low-temperature side flows back to the high-temperature side through the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132, realizing thermal interaction between the two battery device sections 140. Without the need for additional heating or cooling equipment, the waste heat of the battery unit 140 itself is directly utilized, which improves the waste heat utilization rate of the battery unit 110. At the same time, the temperature balance of the two battery unit units 140 is maintained through heat transfer, avoiding local overheating or overcooling caused by excessive temperature difference, reducing the heat preservation energy consumption required to maintain the appropriate battery temperature. Especially in low temperature environments, there is no need to frequently start the heating device, which significantly reduces the overall energy consumption of the energy storage system 2000 and reduces the cost of the energy storage device 100.

[0113] In one embodiment of this application, the first heat exchange assembly 130 further includes a drive member 133, which is connected to the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and is used to drive the flow of the heat exchange medium in the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131.

[0114] The drive element 133 is used to propel the flow of the heat exchange medium within the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131. Exemplarily, the first heat exchange assembly 130 may be provided with one or more drive elements 133. In some examples, the drive element 133 may be in the form of a centrifugal pump, gear pump, or screw pump.

[0115] In some examples, the drive unit 133 and the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 can be connected by flanges, pipe fittings, couplings, etc.

[0116] In some examples, there are multiple drive elements 133, which can be disposed in the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132. Exemplarily, the drive element 133 can be disposed in the middle or at the end of the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131.

[0117] In this embodiment, when the temperature difference between the first battery device 141 and the second battery device 142 is small or there is a height difference, natural convection is difficult to drive the heat exchange medium to flow. At this time, the drive member 133 can control the medium flow rate to ensure that heat is transferred between the first battery device 141 and the second battery device 142. When the temperature difference increases, the drive member 133 can increase the flow rate to accelerate the heat exchange efficiency.

[0118] Furthermore, in some optional embodiments of this application, the energy storage device 100 further includes a heat exchange medium, which is contained in the heat exchange element 113 and the first heat exchange assembly 130, and the total volume of all the heat exchange elements 113 and the first heat exchange assembly 130 is greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium.

[0119] In some examples, the ratio of total volume to liquid medium volume can be 1.2:1, 1.5:1, or 2:1, with reserved space to accommodate volume expansion caused by changes in medium temperature.

[0120] In some examples, the heat exchange medium can be a liquid heat exchange medium, a gaseous heat exchange medium, a gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange medium, etc.

[0121] In some examples, the first heat exchange component 130 and heat exchange element 113 of the energy storage device 100 are evacuated before the heat exchange medium is injected. The heat exchange medium can be injected all at once, for example, when the energy storage device 100 is sold. Alternatively, it can be replenished, for example, a portion of the heat exchange medium is injected when the energy storage device 100 is sold, and the user can replenish it according to usage needs.

[0122] In this embodiment, the total volume of all heat exchange components 113 and the first heat exchange assembly 130 is greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium, which can cope with the volume expansion caused by the temperature change of the heat exchange medium, prevent the pipes and heat exchange components 113 from rupturing due to excessive pressure, and the reserved space can facilitate the heat exchange medium to achieve heat interaction and circulation through its own heat absorption and release.

[0123] Specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the heat exchange medium includes a phase change material.

[0124] In some examples, the phase change material (PCM) can be a low-temperature PCM, a medium-temperature PCM, or a high-temperature PCM. For example, a low-temperature PCM has a phase change temperature of 0-10℃, suitable for energy storage devices in cold regions; a medium-temperature PCM has a phase change temperature of 20-30℃, suitable for the optimal operating temperature range of individual battery cells; and a high-temperature PCM has a phase change temperature of 40-50℃, suitable for scenarios where battery charging and discharging generate a large amount of heat. In some examples, the PCM can be an organic PCM, an inorganic PCM, or a composite PCM. For example, organic PCMs such as paraffin and fatty acids have high latent heat of phase change and good chemical stability; inorganic PCMs such as hydrated salts and molten salts have high thermal conductivity and low cost.

[0125] As an example, the heat exchange medium can be a mixture of alkanes, stearic acid, a mixture of nitrates, etc.

[0126] As an example, during the discharge process of the battery device 110, the heat exchange medium absorbs the heat generated by the battery device 110 and undergoes a phase change, which can be from liquid to gas. It then flows to the low-temperature region through the first heat exchange component 130. In the low-temperature region, the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the low-temperature battery device 110, releasing heat and re-condensing into a liquid state, before flowing back to the heat exchange component 113 of the battery device 110 in the high-temperature region. This cycle fully utilizes the phase change characteristics of the heat exchange medium, achieving efficient heat transfer and energy recovery. It enables self-circulating thermal management without a power source, completing heating, cooling, and insulation functions without additional energy input.

[0127] In this embodiment, the phase change material utilizes the latent heat of phase change. When one battery device section 140 is working and generating heat, it absorbs heat and undergoes a phase change, storing a large amount of residual heat to prevent the temperature of the battery device section 140 from rising sharply. When the other battery device section 140 is at a low temperature, it releases heat and undergoes a reverse phase change to replenish the heat of the battery device section 140, thus achieving self-driving.

[0128] In some optional embodiments of this application, both the first battery device 141 and the second battery device 142 are in an operating state, and the first battery device 141 and the second battery device 142 are in an operating state alternately.

[0129] For example, the operating states include a charging state and a discharging state, wherein the charging state is to absorb electrical energy from an external power grid or a power generation device 400, and the discharging state is to release electrical energy to a load.

[0130] The first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 also include a standby state, in which no charging or discharging is performed, and only the body is kept warm.

[0131] In some examples, the cycle for the first battery device 141 and the second battery device 142 to alternately operate can be set to 1 hour, 4 hours, or 12 hours, etc. As an example, a cycle of 1 hour is suitable for short-term high-frequency energy storage scenarios, such as grid peak shaving; a cycle of 4 hours is suitable for intermittent power consumption scenarios in industrial and commercial settings; and a cycle of 12 hours is suitable for residential day and night energy storage scenarios.

[0132] In this embodiment, the first battery device 141 and the second battery device 142 work alternately, which can avoid the continuous temperature rise caused by a single battery device 140 being in a charging and discharging state for a long time. By alternating between standby, the standby battery device 140 has enough time to dissipate or absorb heat and maintain a stable temperature. Alternating operation can ensure that there is always a temperature difference between the two battery device 140. The battery device 140 in the working state has a high temperature due to the heat generated by charging and discharging, while the temperature in the standby state is low, which provides continuous heat exchange power for the first cycle heat exchange circuit without relying on external temperature difference conditions, ensuring continuous heat interaction and further improving the waste heat utilization rate.

[0133] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment of this application, the first one-way heat exchange pipe 131 includes a connected heat exchange pipe body 104 and a one-way valve 105.

[0134] For example, without external power assistance, the heat exchange medium is difficult to flow back from the low-temperature region to the high-temperature region because it cannot flow from the low-pressure region to the high-pressure region on its own. By adding a one-way valve 105, the flow path and direction of the heat exchange medium can be effectively restricted. In the high-temperature region, the expanding gas generated by the phase change of the heat exchange medium can continuously push the refrigerant from the low-temperature region to the high-temperature region, thereby achieving efficient refrigerant circulation.

[0135] The heat exchange pipe body 104 may have one or more pipes. For example, a one-way valve 105 may be connected to the middle or end of the heat exchange pipe body 104.

[0136] In some examples, the one-way valve 105 has a flow-limiting function.

[0137] There may be one or more check valves 105. For example, the check valve 105 may be a ball check valve, a cone check valve, or a diaphragm check valve. In some examples, the connection between the heat exchange pipe body 104 and the check valve 105 may be a threaded connection, a welded connection, or a flange connection.

[0138] In this embodiment, the one-way valve 105 can control the heat exchange medium to flow only in a set direction, forming a circulation loop in one direction, avoiding the heat exchange medium in the high-temperature heat exchange device section flowing from the inlet and outlet to the inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange device section, thus preventing circulation; the one-way valve 105 can be set at any position on the heat exchange pipe body 104 as needed, which is highly flexible and easy to install.

[0139] Specifically, refer to Figure 7 In some alternative embodiments of this application, the first heat exchange component 130 is housed within the chamber 120 and is located on one side of the plurality of battery device sections 140.

[0140] In some examples, the first heat exchange component 130 may be located on one side of the plurality of battery device portions 140 along the length direction X of the energy storage device 100, or on one side along the height direction Z of the energy storage device 100, or on one side along the width direction Y of the energy storage device 100.

[0141] In some examples, the first heat exchange assembly 130 may be fixed to one side of the plurality of battery device parts 140 by means of bracket support, snap fastening, bolts, adhesive fastening, etc.

[0142] In this embodiment, the first heat exchange component 130 is located on one side of the multiple battery device sections 140, which can reduce the storage space occupied by the first heat exchange component 130, improve the space utilization of the chamber 120, and allow the chamber 120 of the same volume to accommodate more battery device sections 140, thereby increasing the energy storage capacity. The single-sided arrangement can make the distance between the first heat exchange component 130 and all battery device sections 140 relatively uniform. For example, when it is located on the side of the length direction X, each battery device section 140 is arranged along the length direction X, and the pipes can be evenly branched and connected, reducing the uneven flow caused by the difference in pipe length, ensuring that the heat exchange efficiency of each battery device section 140 is consistent, and avoiding local temperature imbalance. At the same time, the single-sided arrangement facilitates later maintenance. For example, all components of the first heat exchange component 130 can be accessed from one side of the chamber 120, reducing the interference to the battery device sections 140 during maintenance, reducing maintenance costs, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the energy storage device 100, and indirectly maintaining the energy utilization rate.

[0143] refer to Figures 7 to 9 In some optional embodiments of this application, a plurality of battery devices 110 are arranged along the length direction X and the height direction Z of the energy storage device 100, and the first battery device portion 141 and the second battery device portion 142 are arranged along the length direction X; or, the first battery device portion 141 and the second battery device portion 142 are arranged along the height direction Z.

[0144] In some examples, the multiple battery devices 110 may be arranged in an array along the length direction X and the height direction Z, or in an array along the length direction X, the height direction Z and the width direction Y.

[0145] In one example, the first battery unit 141 and the second battery unit 142 are arranged along the length direction X. The battery units in the first battery unit 141 are arranged along the length direction X and / or along the width direction Y, and the battery units in the second battery unit 142 are arranged along the length direction X and / or along the width direction Y. There is no height difference between the battery units in the first battery unit 141 and the second battery unit 142. The first battery unit 141 and the second battery unit 142 may not be equipped with a driving member 133, and self-circulation can be achieved through the phase change of the heat exchange medium itself.

[0146] In another example, the first battery unit 141 and the second battery unit 142 are arranged along the length direction X, the battery units in the first battery unit 141 are arranged along the height direction Z, and / or the battery units in the second battery unit 142 are arranged along the height direction Z, and there is a height difference between the battery units in the first battery unit 141 and the second battery unit 142. When the maximum height difference is small, the first battery unit 141 and the second battery unit 142 may not be provided with a driving member 133, and self-circulation can be achieved through the phase change of the heat exchange medium itself; when the maximum height difference is large, a driving member 133 can be provided to assist circulation.

[0147] In some examples, the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 are arranged along the height direction Z. The battery device in the first battery device section 141 can be arranged along at least one of the length direction X, the height direction Z, and the width direction Y. The battery device in the second battery device section 142 can be arranged along at least one of the length direction X, the height direction Z, and the width direction Y. When the maximum height difference is small, the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 may not be provided with a driving member 133, and self-circulation can be achieved through the phase change of the heat exchange medium itself. When the maximum height difference is large, a driving member 133 can be provided to assist circulation.

[0148] In this embodiment, the multi-dimensional arrangement along the length and height directions Z maximizes the utilization of the space in the chamber 120 and increases the energy storage density per unit volume; the arrangement of the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 along the length direction X reduces the height difference between the two battery device sections 140, which is beneficial for the circulation of the heat exchange medium and can reduce or eliminate the need for driving force; the arrangement of the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 along the height direction Z allows the first heat exchange component 130 to be placed on one side, reducing the pipe length.

[0149] In some alternative embodiments of this application, the first battery device 141 includes at least two battery devices 110, and the at least two battery devices are arranged along the length direction X; or, the at least two battery devices 110 are arranged along the height direction Z.

[0150] The heat exchangers 113 of at least two battery units in the first battery unit 141 can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0151] In some examples, at least two battery devices 110 are arranged along the height direction Z, and / or may be arranged along the width direction Y; similarly, at least two battery devices 110 are arranged along the length direction X, and / or may be arranged along the width direction Y.

[0152] In this embodiment, the energy storage capacity of the first battery device 141 can be further improved by arranging at least two battery devices along the length or height direction Z of the multi-battery device 110.

[0153] Furthermore, in one embodiment of this application, the second battery device section 142 includes at least two battery devices 110, and the at least two battery devices are arranged along the length direction X; or, the at least two battery devices 110 are arranged along the height direction Z.

[0154] The heat exchangers 113 of at least two battery devices in the second battery device section 142 can be connected in series or in parallel. Exemplarily, the number and arrangement of battery devices in the second battery device section 142 can be the same as in the first battery device section 141. In one example, the heat exchangers 113 of the battery devices 110 in the second battery device section 142 are connected in the same series or parallel manner as the heat exchangers 113 of the battery devices in the first battery device section 141.

[0155] In some examples, at least two battery devices 110 are arranged along the height direction Z, and / or may be arranged along the width direction Y; similarly, at least two battery devices 110 are arranged along the length direction X, and / or may be arranged along the width direction Y.

[0156] In this embodiment, the second battery device 142, through the arrangement of at least two battery devices 110, forms an energy storage unit with the first battery device 141 that matches the capacity, avoiding the imbalance of charging and discharging caused by the difference in capacity between the two, ensuring the continuity of heat exchange, and the capacity balance makes the temperature difference between the two stable, without the need to frequently adjust the heat exchange direction; the complementary or adapted arrangement can optimize the spatial layout of the entire compartment 120.

[0157] Figure 10As shown, in an optional embodiment of this application, the heat exchanger 113 includes a heat-absorbing section 151, a condensing section 152, and a temperature-equalizing section 153. The heat-absorbing section 151 is located on one side of the battery cell 112 along the height direction Z of the battery device 110. The condensing section 152 is located on one side of the heat-absorbing section 151 along the height direction Z and is used for heat exchange with the battery cell 112. At least a portion of the temperature-equalizing section 153 extends along the length direction X of the battery device 110 and is used for heat exchange with the battery cell 112 and the condensing section 152. The first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 includes a first unidirectional pipe 154 and a second unidirectional pipe 155, and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 includes a third unidirectional pipe 155. Pipe 156 and fourth one-way pipe 157, first one-way pipe 154 and third one-way pipe 156 are connected to the heat-absorbing part 151 of the first battery device part 141 and the condensing part 152 of the second battery device part 142, and are in communication with each other; second one-way pipe 155 and fourth one-way pipe 157 are connected to the condensing part 152 of the first battery device part 141 and the heat-absorbing part 151 of the second battery device part 142, and are in communication with each other; wherein, the heat-absorbing part 151 of the first battery device part 141 is lower than the condensing part 152 of the second battery device part 142, and the condensing part 152 of the first battery device part 141 is higher than the heat-absorbing part 151 of the second battery device part 142.

[0158] In one example, the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 are arranged along the length direction X or the width direction Y.

[0159] As an example, the heat absorption section 151 can be a heat exchange plate or a pipe. The condensation section 152 can be a heat exchange plate or a pipe.

[0160] In some examples, the temperature equalization unit 153 is a two-dimensional planar high-efficiency thermal management device based on the phase change heat transfer principle, which can eliminate local hot spots between battery cells 112 and reduce the temperature difference within the battery device 110. As an example, the temperature equalization unit 153 can be a thin vacuum chamber device, including a vacuum chamber, a liquid wick structure, a working fluid, and a sealing shell. The vacuum chamber is used to lower the boiling point of the working fluid to improve heat transfer efficiency. The liquid wick structure relies on capillary force to achieve the reflux of the condensed liquid. The working fluid is often deionized water, acetone, etc., which transfers heat through a phase change process. The sealing shell is generally made of copper or aluminum to ensure the vacuum level and structural strength of the chamber.

[0161] In other examples, the temperature equalization section 153 is disposed on the periphery of the battery device 110 and housed within the battery device 110.

[0162] In one example, the first battery device section 141 may have a first battery device 110, and the second battery device section 142 may have a second battery device 110. The first battery device 110 and the second battery device 110 are arranged opposite each other along the length direction X. A heat-absorbing section 151 is provided on one side of the first battery device 110 along the height direction Z, a temperature-equalizing section 153 is provided on the periphery of the battery device 110, and a condensation section 152 is provided on the side of the temperature-equalizing section 153 away from the battery cell 112.

[0163] When the first battery device 141 is in operation and the second battery device 142 is in standby mode, the heat-absorbing section 151 of the first battery device 141 absorbs heat from the battery cell 112. The temperature of the heat exchange medium rises and enters the condensation section 152 of the second battery device 142 along the first one-way pipe 154. The condensation section 152 of the second battery device 142 exchanges heat with the temperature equalization section 153, causing the gaseous heat exchange medium to condense into a liquid. Due to the height difference between the heat-absorbing section 151 of the first battery device 141 and the condensation section 152 of the second battery device 142, the liquid heat exchange medium will flow back to the heat-absorbing section 151 of the first battery device 141 from the third one-way pipe 156 under the action of gravity.

[0164] With the first battery device 141 in standby mode and the second battery device 142 in working mode, the heat-absorbing section 151 of the second battery device 142 absorbs heat from the battery cells 112. The temperature of the heat exchange medium rises and enters the condenser section 152 of the first battery device 141 along the fourth one-way pipe 157. The condenser section 152 of the first battery device 141 exchanges heat with the temperature equalization section 153, causing the gaseous heat exchange medium to condense into a liquid. Based on the height difference between the condenser section 152 of the first battery device 141 and the heat-absorbing section 151 of the second battery device 142, the liquid heat exchange medium will flow back to the heat-absorbing section 151 of the second battery device 142 from the second one-way pipe 155 under the action of gravity.

[0165] In this embodiment, heat exchange between the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 is achieved using gravity, eliminating the need for additional power. Furthermore, the heat absorption section 151 and the condensation section 152 are independently configured, and the condensation section 152 of the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section 142 is higher than the heat absorption section 151 connected to each other. This ensures that all the liquid in the condensation section 152 flows back to the heat absorption section 151, avoiding the situation where the liquid does not participate in the circulation and only the high-temperature gas circulates when there is no height difference in the flat layer heat exchange, thus affecting the heat exchange efficiency.

[0166] refer to Figure 7In another optional embodiment of this application, at least two heat exchangers 113 of the first battery device section 141 are connected in parallel; and / or, at least two heat exchangers 113 of the second battery device section 142 are connected in parallel.

[0167] For example, parallel connection of heat exchangers 113 means that the inlet ends of multiple heat exchangers 113 are connected to the same liquid inlet manifold, and the outlet ends are connected to the same liquid outlet manifold. The heat exchange medium can be distributed to each heat exchanger 113 in the manifold and then flow back to the manifold.

[0168] In some examples, the battery devices of the first battery device 141 and the second battery device 142 may have one or more heat exchangers 113, and the multiple heat exchangers 113 may be connected in series or in parallel.

[0169] In some examples, the heat exchangers 113 of the multiple battery units in the first battery unit 141 may be connected in series, in parallel, or all in parallel. The same applies to the second battery unit 142.

[0170] In this embodiment, the parallel connection of heat exchangers 113 enables each heat exchanger 113 to obtain a uniform medium flow rate. When connected in parallel, the pressure difference across each heat exchanger 113 is consistent, reducing the problem of low efficiency of the end heat exchanger 113 caused by the attenuation of the heat exchange medium flow rate along the flow path when connected in series. This ensures uniform heat exchange for all battery cells 112 within the first or second battery device section 142, reducing local overheating or overcooling. Furthermore, if a single heat exchanger 113 fails, it can be isolated from the system by closing the corresponding shut-off valve, without affecting the normal operation of other heat exchangers 113, thus improving system reliability and ensuring continuous thermal interaction. At the same time, the parallel structure reduces the flow resistance of the heat exchange medium. The total resistance coefficient of the parallel connection is less than the resistance coefficient of a single heat exchanger 113, reducing energy consumption and further reducing the overall energy consumption of the energy storage device 100, improving waste heat utilization, and maintaining the temperature balance of the battery device 110.

[0171] Specifically, please refer to Figure 7In one embodiment of this application, the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 includes a plurality of first branch pipes 131a, a plurality of second branch pipes 131b, and a first unidirectional main pipe 131c. The plurality of first branch pipes 131a and the plurality of second branch pipes 131b are all connected to the first unidirectional main pipe 131c. The first branch pipes 131a are connected to the inlet of the heat exchange element 113 of the first battery device section 141, and the second branch pipes 131b are connected to the heat exchange element 113 of the second battery device section 142. The outlet connection of 3; the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 includes multiple third branch pipes 132a, multiple fourth branch pipes 132b and a second unidirectional main pipe 132c. The multiple third branch pipes 132a and multiple fourth branch pipes 132b are all connected to the second unidirectional main pipe 132c. The third branch pipes 132a are connected to the outlet of the heat exchange component 113 of the first battery device section 141, and the fourth branch pipes 132b are connected to the inlet of the heat exchange component 113 of the second battery device section 142.

[0172] The number of the plurality of first branch pipes 131a in the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 is the same as the number of heat exchange components 113 in the first battery device section 141, and can be set to 2, 3 or 4, etc. For example, the inner diameter of the plurality of first branch pipes 131a is the same as the inner diameter of the plurality of second branch pipes 131b and the inner diameter of the first unidirectional main pipe 131c.

[0173] In some examples, the first branch pipe 131a, the second branch pipe 131b, and the first one-way main pipe 131c can be straight pipes, L-shaped pipes, or other shapes of pipes.

[0174] In some examples, the inner diameters of the third branch pipe 132a, the fourth branch pipe 132b, and the second one-way main pipe 132c can be the same as those of the first one-way main pipe 131c.

[0175] In this embodiment, the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131, with its branch pipe and main pipe structure, enables precise medium distribution and reasonable pipe arrangement for each heat exchange component 113 of the first battery device 141 and the second battery device 142, thereby improving space utilization.

[0176] Furthermore, in some optional embodiments of this application, the first unidirectional main pipe 131c includes a first pipe segment 101, a second pipe segment 102, and a third pipe segment 103. The first pipe segment 101 and the second pipe segment 102 extend along the height direction Z, and the third pipe segment 103 extends along the length direction X. The third pipe segment 103 is connected between the first pipe segment 101 and the second pipe segment 102. The first pipe segment 101 is connected to a plurality of first branch pipes 131a, and the second pipe segment 102 is connected to a plurality of second branch pipes 131b.

[0177] In some examples, the connection between the first pipe segment 101 and the third pipe segment 103, and the connection between the second pipe segment 102 and the third pipe segment 103, can be a welding connection, a flange connection, a socket connection, or an integral molding method.

[0178] For example, the first pipe segment 101 and the second pipe segment 102 may be parallel or intersecting.

[0179] In some examples, the first pipe segment 101, the second pipe segment 102, and the third pipe segment 103 can be one or more segments.

[0180] In some examples, the one-way valve 105 may be located at both ends of the third pipe section 103 or in the middle of the third pipe section 103.

[0181] In this embodiment, the segmented structure of the first unidirectional main pipe 131c can be adapted to the arrangement of the first and second battery device sections 142 along the height and length directions X, so as to make reasonable arrangements and improve space utilization. At the same time, the segmented structure makes it easy to adjust the length of each pipe section according to the size of the compartment 120 and the layout of the battery device section 140, thereby improving design flexibility.

[0182] Further, in an optional embodiment of this application, the battery device 110 includes a plurality of heat exchange elements 113 and a second heat exchange assembly 114. The plurality of heat exchange elements 113 include a first heat exchange element 113a and a second heat exchange element 113b. The second heat exchange assembly 114 includes a third unidirectional heat exchange pipe 114a and a fourth unidirectional heat exchange pipe 114b with opposite flow directions. The third unidirectional heat exchange pipe 114a and the fourth unidirectional heat exchange pipe 114b are connected to the first heat exchange element 113a and the second heat exchange element 113b and are interconnected to form a second circulating heat exchange loop.

[0183] Exemplarily, the plurality of heat exchangers 113 may include one or more first heat exchangers 113a and one or more second heat exchangers 113b. In some examples, the plurality of heat exchangers 113 may also include a third heat exchanger. Exemplarily, this includes a conventional cold plate, a cell-inverted cold plate, a stamped cold plate, a harmonica tube cold plate, etc.

[0184] In some examples, the heat exchanger 113 may contact multiple battery cells 112. As an example, the heat exchanger 113 may be disposed on the top, bottom, or side surface of multiple battery cells 112.

[0185] In some examples, the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger 113 may be located on one side or on opposite sides.

[0186] In some examples, multiple heat exchangers 113 within the battery device 110 may be connected in series or in parallel before being connected to the first heat exchange assembly 130.

[0187] As an example, the third unidirectional heat exchange pipe 114a and the fourth unidirectional heat exchange pipe 114b have the same structure as the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131.

[0188] In one example, refer to Figure 11 The second circulating heat exchange loop can operate as follows: the battery device 110 has four heat exchange elements 113 connected in series, with the inlets of the heat exchange elements 113 arranged opposite to each other. The four heat exchange elements 113 are connected sequentially end to end according to the conduction direction of the third unidirectional heat exchange pipe 114a and the fourth unidirectional heat exchange pipe 114b. As an example, there are two third unidirectional heat exchange pipes 114a and two fourth unidirectional heat exchange pipes 114b.

[0189] The third unidirectional heat exchange pipe 114a is connected to the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132. The heat exchange medium entering through the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 flows along the third unidirectional heat exchange pipe 114a through a heat exchange element 113, then flows into a fourth unidirectional heat exchange pipe 114b, and after passing through the other three heat exchange elements 113, flows out from the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132. When not connected to the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132, the four heat exchange elements 113 connected in series form a self-circulating system.

[0190] In this embodiment, multiple heat exchange elements 113 and a second heat exchange assembly 114 are added inside the battery device 110, which can realize thermal interaction inside the battery device 110 and reduce excessive temperature difference caused by positional differences inside the battery device 110. The second circulating heat exchange loop and the first circulating heat exchange loop form dual thermal management, further refining temperature control and making the temperature of each battery cell 112 uniform. At the same time, internal heat exchange can reduce the heat load of the external first heat exchange assembly 130, reduce the operating energy consumption of the first heat exchange assembly 130, indirectly reduce the overall heat preservation energy consumption of the energy storage device 100, and improve energy utilization and cycle life of the battery cell 112.

[0191] refer to Figure 12 In some optional embodiments of this application, the energy storage device 100 further includes a third heat exchange component 500. The third heat exchange component includes a fifth unidirectional heat exchange pipe 510 and a sixth unidirectional heat exchange pipe 520 with opposite flow directions. The fifth unidirectional heat exchange pipe 510 and the sixth unidirectional heat exchange pipe 520 are connected to a plurality of first heat exchange components 130 and are interconnected to form a third circulating heat exchange loop.

[0192] For example, the energy storage device 100 has multiple energy storage containers, a first heat exchange component 130 is located inside the energy storage containers, and the multiple energy storage containers can exchange heat with each other through a third heat exchange component 500.

[0193] In one example, the structures of the fifth unidirectional heat exchange pipe 510 and the sixth unidirectional heat exchange pipe 520 can be the same as those of the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131.

[0194] For example, the third heat exchange component 500 may be connected to two or three or more first heat exchange components 130, or a third heat exchange component 500 may be set up for every two first heat exchange components 130.

[0195] In one example, multiple battery units 140 within the energy storage container are connected in series or in parallel.

[0196] In this embodiment, a third heat exchange component 500 is added to connect multiple first heat exchange components 130, which can realize thermal interaction between multiple first heat exchange components 130. The third circulating heat exchange loop forms a system-level thermal management, realizes the temperature balance of the entire energy storage device 100, and further improves the waste heat utilization rate. It can reduce the energy consumption of the driving component 133 and the heat exchange medium, significantly reduce the overall heat preservation energy consumption of the energy storage device 100, and improve the system stability and service life.

[0197] An embodiment of this application also provides an energy storage system 2000, including the energy storage device 100 of the above embodiment, the energy storage device 100 being used for electrical connection to the power generation device 400.

[0198] An embodiment of this application also provides a charging network 1000, including: the energy storage device 100 and the charging pile 200 described in the above embodiments, wherein the energy storage device 100 is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile 200.

[0199] like Figures 4 to 7As shown, an embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device 100, including: a housing 120, a plurality of battery device sections 140, and a first heat exchange assembly 130. The plurality of battery device sections 140 are housed within the housing 120. Each of the plurality of battery device sections 140 includes a first battery device section 141 and a second battery device section 142. Each of the first battery device section 141 and the second battery device section includes at least one battery device 110. Each battery device includes a plurality of battery cells 112 and a heat exchange element 113. The heat exchange element is used to exchange heat with the battery cells 112. The first heat exchange assembly 130 includes a first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and a second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 with opposite flow directions. The first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 are connected to the heat exchange element 113 of the first battery device section 141 and the heat exchange element 113 of the second battery device section 142, and are interconnected to form a first circulating heat exchange loop. The first heat exchange assembly 130 is housed within the chamber 120 and located on one side of the plurality of battery unit sections 140. The first heat exchange assembly 130 also includes a drive member 133 connected to a first unidirectional heat exchange conduit 131 for driving the flow of the heat exchange medium within the first unidirectional heat exchange conduit. The drive member 133 is a pump. The energy storage device 100 also includes a heat exchange medium housed within heat exchange elements 113 and the first heat exchange assembly 130, the total volume of all heat exchange elements 113 and the first heat exchange assembly 130 being greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium. In some examples, the first heat exchange assembly 130 and heat exchange elements 113 of the energy storage device 100 are evacuated before the heat exchange medium is injected. The heat exchange medium includes a phase change material, such as a refrigerant.

[0200] The first one-way heat exchange pipe 131 includes a connected heat exchange pipe body 104 and a one-way valve 105. The one-way valve has a flow limiting function.

[0201] Multiple battery devices 110 are arranged along the length direction X and the height direction Z of the energy storage device 100. A first battery device section 141 and a second battery device section 142 are arranged along the length direction X. The first battery device section 141 includes at least two battery devices 110, and these at least two battery devices 110 are arranged along the height direction Z. The second battery device section 142 also includes at least two battery devices 110, and these at least two battery devices 110 are arranged along the height direction Z. The heat exchangers 113 of all battery devices 110 in the first battery device section 141 are connected in parallel; the heat exchangers 113 of all battery devices in the second battery device section 142 are also connected in parallel.

[0202] The first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131 includes multiple first branch pipes 131a, multiple second branch pipes 131b, and a first unidirectional main pipe 131c. The multiple first branch pipes 131a and multiple second branch pipes 131b are all connected to the first unidirectional main pipe 131c. The first branch pipes 131a are connected to the inlet of the heat exchange element 113 of the first battery device section 141, and the second branch pipes 131b are connected to the outlet of the heat exchange element 113 of the second battery device section 142. The second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 includes multiple third branch pipes 132a, multiple fourth branch pipes 132b, and a second unidirectional main pipe 132c. The multiple third branch pipes 132a and multiple fourth branch pipes 132b are all connected to the second unidirectional main pipe 132c. The third branch pipes 132a are connected to the outlet of the heat exchange element 113 of the first battery device section 141, and the fourth branch pipes 132b are connected to the inlet of the heat exchange element 113 of the second battery device section 142. The first unidirectional main pipe 131c includes a first pipe section 101, a second pipe section 102, and a third pipe section 103. The first pipe section 101 and the second pipe section 102 extend along the height direction Z, and the third pipe section 103 extends along the length direction X. The third pipe section 103 connects the first pipe section 101 and the second pipe section 102. The first pipe section 101 is connected to a plurality of first branch pipes 131a, and the second pipe section 102 is connected to a plurality of second branch pipes 131b. The structure of the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe 132 is the same as that of the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe 131.

[0203] like Figure 13 As shown, embodiments of this application also provide a control method for an energy storage device 100, including:

[0204] S1: Obtain the current state of the battery device unit 140.

[0205] For example, the current state refers to the current operating condition of the battery device 140, including both the working state and the standby state. The working state refers to the operating condition in which the battery device 140 is outputting electrical energy or receiving electrical energy for charging. The standby state refers to the standby state in which the battery device 140 is disconnected from the load or charging equipment and stops the input and output of electrical energy.

[0206] In some examples, the current state of the battery unit 140 can be obtained by reading the status register of the battery management system or by judging the operating parameters collected by the wiring harness assembly. Specifically, reading the status register of the battery management system means directly retrieving the current status identifier of the battery unit 140 pre-stored in the battery management system. The status identifier includes a working status identifier and a standby status identifier. Judging the operating parameters collected by the wiring harness assembly means that the temperature sensor and voltage acquisition module of the wiring harness assembly obtain the temperature and voltage parameters of the battery cell 112. If the parameters are within the preset operating range, it is determined to be in working state.

[0207] S2: With the current state of the battery unit 140 being the working state, obtain the highest temperature of the battery cell 112 inside the battery unit 140.

[0208] The maximum temperature refers to the maximum temperature value among all battery cells 112 within the battery unit 140 at the same time. The first preset temperature refers to the pre-set temperature threshold for safe operation of the battery unit 140, which can be determined based on the material characteristics and usage requirements of the battery cells 112.

[0209] In some examples, the highest temperature of the battery cell 112 within the battery unit 140 can be obtained by a battery management system that aggregates data collected from various temperature sensors and filters for the maximum value, or by using an algorithm built into the circuit board of the wiring harness assembly to calculate the peak temperature of each battery cell 112 in real time. As an example, aggregating data collected from various temperature sensors and filtering for the maximum value through the battery management system involves the temperature sensors of each wiring harness assembly transmitting the collected battery cell 112 temperatures to the battery management system, which then iterates through all temperature data and extracts the maximum value. As another example, calculating the peak temperature of each battery cell 112 in real time using an algorithm built into the circuit board of the wiring harness assembly involves each circuit board of the wiring harness assembly independently calculating the maximum temperature of the connected battery cell 112, and then uploading this calculation to the battery management system for overall maximum value filtering.

[0210] S3: When the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, switch the current state of the battery device 140 from the working state to the standby state.

[0211] In some examples, the current state of the battery unit 140 can be switched from the operating state to the standby state by means of the battery management system sending a state switching command to the main control module of the energy storage device 100, or the wiring harness assembly triggering a series relay to disconnect the operating circuit. As an example, the battery management system sending a state switching command to the main control module of the energy storage device 100 specifically involves the battery management system determining that the temperature has reached the standard, then outputting a level signal to the main control module. Upon receiving the signal, the main control module disconnects the connection between the battery unit 140 and the load. As an example, the wiring harness assembly triggering a series relay to disconnect the operating circuit specifically involves the wiring harness assembly's circuit board detecting that the maximum temperature has exceeded the standard, directly driving the relay connected to the battery cell 112 to operate, thus disconnecting the operating circuit of the battery unit 140.

[0212] In this embodiment, the energy storage device 100 of this application does not have a separate cooling or heating device. When the operating temperature of the battery cell 112 exceeds the first preset temperature, it will affect the service life of the battery cell 112. By switching the current state of the battery device section 140, the battery cell 112 is kept at a suitable operating temperature, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 112. This also reduces the overheating of the other standby battery device sections 140 when multiple battery device sections 140 are exchanging heat.

[0213] Furthermore, such as Figure 14 As shown, in some optional embodiments of this application, the control method of the energy storage device 100 further includes:

[0214] S4: When the current state of the battery unit 140 is standby, obtain the lowest temperature of the battery cell 112 inside the battery unit 140.

[0215] The lowest temperature refers to the minimum temperature value among all the battery cells 112 in the battery unit 140 at the same time.

[0216] In some examples, the method for obtaining the minimum temperature of the battery cell 112 within the battery unit 140 can be as follows: the battery management system polls the temperature sensors of each wiring harness assembly to collect data and filters for the minimum value; or the circuit boards of the wiring harness assembly calculate the minimum temperature of the connected battery cells 112 in each partition and then summarize the data to the system. As an example, the battery management system polling the temperature sensors of each wiring harness assembly to collect data and filter for the minimum value specifically involves the battery management system sending data retrieval commands to each wiring harness assembly according to a preset cycle, collecting temperature data of all battery cells 112, and then extracting the minimum value. As an example, the circuit boards of the wiring harness assembly calculating the minimum temperature of the connected battery cells 112 in each partition and then summarizing the data to the system specifically involves each wiring harness assembly's circuit board calculating the minimum temperature of its own connected battery cells 112 in real time, and then uploading the partitioned minimum values ​​to the battery management system for overall minimum value determination.

[0217] S5: When the lowest temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature, switch the current state of the battery device 140 from the standby state to the working state.

[0218] The second preset temperature refers to the temperature threshold for the battery unit 140 to switch from standby to working state. This value is lower than the first preset temperature and can be determined based on the safe operating temperature range of the battery cell 112.

[0219] In some examples, the current state of the battery unit 140 can be switched from standby to operating state by means of the battery management system sending a start command to the main control module of the energy storage device 100, or the wiring harness assembly triggering a parallel relay to close the operating circuit. As an example, the battery management system sending a start command to the main control module of the energy storage device 100 specifically involves the battery management system determining that the temperature has reached the target level and then sending a start signal to the main control module, which then connects the battery unit 140 to the load. As an example, the wiring harness assembly triggering a parallel relay to close the operating circuit specifically involves the wiring harness assembly's circuit board detecting that the minimum temperature has reached the target level and then driving the relay to operate, closing the operating circuit of the battery unit 140.

[0220] For example, steps S2 and S4 can be performed simultaneously or sequentially, and steps S3 and S5 can be performed simultaneously or sequentially.

[0221] In this embodiment, the energy storage device 100 of this application does not have a separate cooling or heating device. When the operating temperature of the battery cell 112 is lower than the second preset temperature, it will affect the service life of the battery cell 112. By switching the current state of the battery device section 140, the temperature of the battery cell 112 with a lower temperature can be restored. Especially when the external environment of the energy storage device 100 is low, it is beneficial to extend the service life of the battery cell 112.

[0222] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions. Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0223] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. However, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized by, include: Warehouse body; Multiple battery device sections are housed within the compartment. The multiple battery device sections include a first battery device section and a second battery device section. There is a temperature difference between the first battery device section and the second battery device section. Both the first battery device section and the second battery device section include at least one of the battery devices. Each battery device includes multiple battery cells and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is used to exchange heat with the battery cells. The first heat exchange assembly includes a first unidirectional heat exchange pipe and a second unidirectional heat exchange pipe with opposite flow directions. The first unidirectional heat exchange pipe and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe are connected to the heat exchange element of the first battery device and the heat exchange element of the second battery device, and are interconnected to form a first circulating heat exchange loop.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The first heat exchange component further includes a driving element, which is connected to the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe and is used to drive the flow of the heat exchange medium in the first unidirectional heat exchange pipe.

3. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a heat exchange medium, which is contained in the heat exchange element and the first heat exchange assembly, and the total volume of all the heat exchange elements and the first heat exchange assembly is greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium.

4. The energy storage device of claim 3, wherein, The heat exchange medium includes a phase change material.

5. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, Both the first battery device and the second battery device have an operating state, and the first battery device and the second battery device are alternately in the operating state.

6. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The first unidirectional heat exchange pipe includes a connected heat exchange pipe body and a one-way valve.

7. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first heat exchange component is housed within the chamber and is located on one side of the plurality of battery devices.

8. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The heat exchanger includes a heat absorption section, a condensation section, and a temperature equalization section. The heat absorption section is located on one side of the battery cell along the height direction of the battery device. The condensation section is located on one side of the heat absorption section along the height direction and is used to exchange heat with the battery cell. At least a portion of the temperature equalization section extends along the length direction of the battery device and is used to exchange heat with the battery cell and the condensation section. The first unidirectional heat exchange pipe includes a first unidirectional pipe and a second unidirectional pipe, and the second unidirectional heat exchange pipe includes a third unidirectional pipe and a fourth unidirectional pipe. The first unidirectional pipe and the third unidirectional pipe are connected to the heat absorption section of the first battery device and the condensation section of the second battery device, and are in communication with each other. The second unidirectional pipe and the fourth unidirectional pipe are connected to the condensation section of the first battery device and the heat absorption section of the second battery device, and are in communication with each other. Wherein, the heat-absorbing portion of the first battery device is lower than the condensing portion of the second battery device, and the condensing portion of the first battery device is higher than the heat-absorbing portion of the second battery device.

9. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The plurality of battery devices are arranged along the length direction and the height direction of the energy storage device, and the first battery device section and the second battery device section are arranged along the length direction. Alternatively, the first battery unit and the second battery unit are arranged along the height direction.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first battery device section includes at least two of the battery devices, and the at least two battery devices are arranged along the length direction; Alternatively, at least two of the battery devices may be arranged along the height direction.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second battery device section includes at least two of the battery devices, and the at least two battery devices are arranged along the length direction; Alternatively, at least two of the battery devices may be arranged along the height direction.

12. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, At least two of the heat exchangers of the first battery device are connected in parallel; And / or, at least two of the heat exchangers of the second battery device are connected in parallel.

13. The energy storage device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first unidirectional heat exchange pipe includes multiple first branch pipes, multiple second branch pipes, and a first unidirectional main pipe. The multiple first branch pipes and the multiple second branch pipes are all connected to the first unidirectional main pipe. The first branch pipes are connected to the inlet of the heat exchange element of the first battery device, and the second branch pipes are connected to the outlet of the heat exchange element of the second battery device. The second unidirectional heat exchange pipe includes multiple third branch pipes, multiple fourth branch pipes, and a second unidirectional main pipe. The multiple third branch pipes and the multiple fourth branch pipes are all connected to the second unidirectional main pipe. The third branch pipes are connected to the outlet of the heat exchange element of the first battery device, and the fourth branch pipes are connected to the inlet of the heat exchange element of the second battery device.

14. The energy storage device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first unidirectional main pipe includes a first pipe segment, a second pipe segment, and a third pipe segment. The first pipe segment and the second pipe segment extend along the height direction, and the third pipe segment extends along the length direction. The third pipe segment is connected between the first pipe segment and the second pipe segment. The first pipe segment is connected to the plurality of first branch pipes, and the second pipe segment is connected to the plurality of second branch pipes.

15. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The battery device includes a plurality of heat exchange elements and a second heat exchange assembly, wherein the plurality of heat exchange elements includes a first heat exchange element and a second heat exchange element; The second heat exchange component includes a third unidirectional heat exchange pipe and a fourth unidirectional heat exchange pipe with opposite flow directions. The third unidirectional heat exchange pipe and the fourth unidirectional heat exchange pipe are connected to the first heat exchange element and the second heat exchange element, and are interconnected to form a second circulating heat exchange loop.

16. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a third heat exchange component, which includes a fifth unidirectional heat exchange pipe and a sixth unidirectional heat exchange pipe with opposite flow directions. The fifth unidirectional heat exchange pipe and the sixth unidirectional heat exchange pipe are connected to a plurality of the first heat exchange components and are interconnected to form a third circulating heat exchange loop.

17. An energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes an energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the energy storage device is used for electrical connection to a power generation device.

18. A charging network, characterized in that, include: The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 16; A charging pile, wherein the energy storage device is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

19. A control method for an energy storage device based on any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, include: Obtain the current status of the battery unit; The current state of the battery unit is the working state, and the highest temperature of the battery cell in the battery unit is obtained. When the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, the current state of the battery device is switched from the working state to the standby state.

20. The control method for the energy storage device according to claim 19, characterized in that, Also includes: The current state of the battery unit is standby state; the lowest temperature of the battery cell in the battery unit is obtained. When the lowest temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the current state of the battery device is switched from the standby state to the working state.

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