Motor structure and smoke exhaust fan

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gas water heaters, and discloses a motor structure and a smoke exhaust fan, the motor structure comprises a shell, a stator assembly and a rotor assembly, a heat dissipation channel passing through an air gap is arranged in the shell, and the heat dissipation channel is communicated with the outside; the rotor assembly comprises a rotating shaft and a magnetic assembly connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft, the magnetic assembly comprises first magnetic fan-shaped bodies and second magnetic fan-shaped bodies, the first magnetic fan-shaped bodies and the second magnetic fan-shaped bodies are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the outer diameter of the first magnetic fan-shaped bodies is smaller than that of the second magnetic fan-shaped bodies; and a turbulent flow structure is arranged on at least one side, opposite to the convex part of the first magnetic fan-shaped body, of the second magnetic fan-shaped body. Due to the fact that the height difference exists on the periphery of the rotor assembly, when the rotor assembly rotates, air in the air gaps can be driven to rotate, driving force is provided for flowing of the air in the air gaps, the turbulent flow structure can conduct turbulent flow on the air, then high-temperature air is better taken away from the rotor assembly, and the heat dissipation effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas water heater technology, and in particular to a motor structure and a flue gas exhaust fan. Background Technology

[0002] The exhaust fan of existing gas water heaters is located at the rear of the combustion chamber, which causes the heat from the exhaust gas generated by combustion to be transferred to the exhaust fan. This results in the entire fan system being in a high-temperature environment, which shortens the service life of its internal motor structure and the fan system.

[0003] Current motor technology is generally developing towards higher power density and smaller size. Under certain power and efficiency conditions, the reduction in size leads to poorer heat dissipation of the motor, and the temperature rise of the windings and bearings is at a relatively high level. Therefore, the level of temperature rise suppression of the motor has become an important bottleneck restricting the evolution of motors towards higher power density.

[0004] Typically, the exhaust fan motor structure in existing gas water heaters uses a fan wheel mounted on the shaft end for heat dissipation. However, due to the size limitations of the motor structure, the fan wheel can only be arranged on one side of the motor structure, resulting in uneven heat dissipation and affecting the service life of the motor structure and its fan system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a motor structure that effectively improves the heat dissipation effect of the motor structure.

[0006] The second technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a smoke exhaust fan that effectively improves the heat dissipation effect of the motor structure, thereby extending the service life of the motor structure and the smoke exhaust fan.

[0007] The first technical problem mentioned above is solved by the following technical solution: An electric motor structure includes a housing and a stator assembly and a rotor assembly disposed within the housing. The rotor assembly is spaced apart within the inner cavity of the stator assembly. An air gap is provided between the stator assembly and the rotor assembly. A heat dissipation channel is provided inside the housing, passing through the air gap. The inlet and outlet of the heat dissipation channel are both connected to the outside of the housing. The rotor assembly includes a rotating shaft and a magnetic assembly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft. The magnetic assembly includes a plurality of first magnetic sector bodies and a plurality of second magnetic sector bodies. Along the circumferential direction, the first magnetic sector bodies and the second magnetic sector bodies are alternately arranged. The outer diameter of the first magnetic sector body is smaller than the outer diameter of the second magnetic sector body. The second magnetic sector forms a protrusion relative to the protrusion of the first magnetic sector. Along the circumferential direction, at least one side of the protrusion is provided with a turbulence structure, which is used to turbulent the airflow. Compared with the prior art, the motor structure described in this invention has the following advantages: By setting a heat dissipation channel through an air gap inside the housing, with the inlet and outlet of the heat dissipation channel connected to the outside of the housing, the heat dissipation channel can form an airflow channel; by setting the magnetic component of the rotor assembly circumferentially to include a first magnetic sector and a second magnetic sector, and the outer diameters of the first magnetic sector and the second magnetic sector are different, a height difference will exist on the outer periphery of the rotor assembly. When the rotor assembly rotates, it will drive the air in the air gap to rotate, providing driving force for the air flow in the air gap and enhancing the air flow; at the same time, by setting a turbulence structure on at least one side of the protrusion of each second magnetic sector relative to the first magnetic sector, the turbulence structure can enhance the disturbance of the air when the rotor rotates, promote the air flow, and thus better carry the high-temperature air away from the rotor assembly, improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor structure.

[0008] In one embodiment, the turbulence structure is provided on both sides of the protrusion along the circumferential direction.

[0009] In one embodiment, a cross section is drawn through the midpoint of the arc and the center of the circle of each of the second magnetic sectors, and the two disturbance structures located on the same second magnetic sector are mirrored along the cross section.

[0010] In one embodiment, along the circumferential direction, both sides of the protrusion are arcuate surfaces or inclined planes, and the arcuate surfaces or the inclined planes form the turbulence structure.

[0011] In one embodiment, the circumferential width of the protrusion gradually increases along the flow direction of the airflow within the heat dissipation channel.

[0012] In one embodiment, a missing portion is provided between the two ends of one side of the protrusion along the circumferential direction, so that one side of the protrusion forms the arcuate surface or inclined plane.

[0013] In one embodiment, the central angle corresponding to the projection of the second magnetic sector onto the horizontal plane is A; Along the circumferential direction, the central angle corresponding to the projection of one side of the protrusion of each second magnetic sector onto the horizontal plane is B, where 0.05A≤B≤0.1A.

[0014] In one embodiment, along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, the first magnetic sector body includes, from the outside to the inside, a first magnetic pole body, a first connecting part, and a first rotating shaft plastic-coated part connected together. The first connecting part is provided with a first magnetic potential adjustment cavity, and the first rotating shaft plastic-coated part is connected to the rotating shaft. Along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, the second magnetic sector includes, from the outside to the inside, a second magnetic pole body, a second connecting part, and a second rotating shaft plastic-coated part connected together. The second connecting part is provided with a second magnetic potential adjustment cavity, and the second rotating shaft plastic-coated part is connected to the rotating shaft. In the projection plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, the projected area of ​​the first magnetomotive force adjustment cavity is smaller than the projected area of ​​the second magnetomotive force adjustment cavity.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first magnetomotive force adjustment cavity is arranged in proportion to the first magnetic sector, and the second magnetomotive force adjustment cavity is arranged in proportion to the second magnetic sector.

[0016] In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the first magnetic sector is D1, the outer diameter of the second magnetic sector is D2, and the outer diameter of the first magnetomotive force adjustment cavity is D. io1 The inner diameter of the first magnetomotive force adjustment cavity is D. i1 The outer diameter of the second magnetomotive force regulating cavity is D. io2 The inner diameter of the second magnetomotive force regulating cavity is D. i2 ,satisfy: |D1-D2|≤1mm and D i2 2 -2×D io2 ×D io1 - D i1 ×D i2 + D i1 ×D io2 =0.

[0017] The second technical problem mentioned above is solved by the following technical solution: A smoke exhaust fan includes the aforementioned motor structure, and further includes a fan housing, a fan wheel, and a cooling fan wheel. The motor structure is mounted on the fan housing, and the rotating shaft of the motor structure extends into the fan housing and is fixedly connected to the fan wheel. The cooling fan wheel is sleeved on the part of the rotating shaft located outside the fan housing, and the cooling fan wheel is located between the fan housing and the housing of the motor structure.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the smoke exhaust fan of the present invention has the following advantages: Since the smoke exhaust fan includes the aforementioned motor structure, a heat dissipation channel passing through an air gap is provided inside the housing. The inlet and outlet of the heat dissipation channel are both connected to the outside of the housing, allowing the heat dissipation channel to form an airflow path. By circumferentially configuring the magnetic components of the rotor assembly as including a first magnetic sector and a second magnetic sector, with unequal outer diameters of the first and second magnetic sectors, a height difference exists on the outer periphery of the rotor assembly. When the rotor assembly rotates, it drives the air in the air gap to rotate, providing driving force for the airflow within the air gap and enhancing airflow. Simultaneously, by providing a turbulence structure on at least one side of the protrusion of each second magnetic sector relative to the first magnetic sector, the turbulence structure can enhance the disturbance of the air when the rotor rotates, promoting airflow and thus better carrying high-temperature air away from the rotor assembly, improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor structure, and extending the service life of the motor structure and the smoke exhaust fan. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a motor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a rotor assembly with an even number of pole pairs in its magnetic components; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor assembly. Figure 5 This is a top view of the rotor assembly; Figure 6 This is a side view of the rotor assembly; Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the shell; Figure 8 For not satisfying |D1-D2|≤1mm and D i2 2 -2×D io2 ×D io1 - D i1 ×D i2 + D i1 ×D io2 Schematic diagram of asymmetric distribution of magnetic field amplitude when =0; Figure 9 When D1-D2 have different values, D i2 2 -2×D io2 ×D io1 - D i1 ×D i2 + D i1 ×D io2 A schematic diagram of the magnetic field amplitude distribution under the condition of =0; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the decrease in bearing temperature rise in a motor structure as a function of the height difference between adjacent magnetic poles. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a smoke exhaust fan.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Housing; 101. First through hole; 102. Second through hole; 2. Stator assembly; 3. Rotor assembly; 301. Shaft; 302. Magnetic assembly; 3021. First magnetic sector; 30211. First magnetic pole body; 30212. First connecting part; 302121. First magnetic potential adjustment cavity; 30213. First shaft plastic coating part; 3022. Second magnetic sector; 30221. Second magnetic pole body; 30222. Second connecting part; 302221. Second magnetic potential adjustment cavity; 30223. Second shaft plastic coating part; 30224. Turbulence structure; 4. Air gap; 5. Cooling fan wheel; 6. Bearing; 7. Fan housing. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0024] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0025] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 11 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, an electric motor structure is provided, including a housing 1 and a stator assembly 2 and a rotor assembly 3 disposed within the housing 1. The rotor assembly 3 is disposed at intervals within the inner cavity of the stator assembly 2. An air gap 4 is provided between the stator assembly 2 and the rotor assembly 3. A heat dissipation channel passing through the air gap 4 is provided inside the housing 1. The inlet and outlet of the heat dissipation channel are both connected to the outside of the housing 1. The rotor assembly 3 includes a rotating shaft 301 and a magnetic assembly 302 connected to the outside of the rotating shaft 301. The magnetic assembly 302 includes a plurality of first magnetic sector bodies 3021 and a plurality of second magnetic sector bodies 3022. Along the circumferential direction, the first magnetic sector bodies 3021 and the second magnetic sector bodies 3022 are alternately arranged. The outer diameter of the first magnetic sector body 3021 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second magnetic sector body 3022. The second magnetic sector 3022 forms a protrusion relative to the protrusion of the first magnetic sector 3021. Along the circumferential direction, at least one side of the protrusion is provided with a turbulence structure 30224, which is used to turbulent the airflow. By providing a heat dissipation channel through the air gap 4 inside the housing 1, with the inlet and outlet of the heat dissipation channel connected to the outside of the housing 1, the heat dissipation channel can form an airflow channel. By configuring the magnetic component 302 of the rotor assembly 3 circumferentially as including a first magnetic sector 3021 and a second magnetic sector 3022, and the outer diameters of the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 are different, a height difference will exist on the outer periphery of the rotor assembly 3. When the rotor assembly 3 rotates, it will drive the air in the air gap 4 to rotate, providing driving force for the air flow in the air gap 4 and enhancing the air flow. At the same time, by providing a turbulence structure 30224 on at least one side of the protrusion of each second magnetic sector 3022 relative to the first magnetic sector 3021, the turbulence structure 30224 can enhance the turbulence on the air when the rotor rotates, promote the air flow, and thus better carry the high temperature air away from the rotor assembly 3, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor structure.

[0028] Specifically, the front end of the housing 1 is provided with a first through hole 101 communicating with the outside, and the rear end of the housing 1 is provided with a second through hole 102 communicating with the outside. The inlet of the heat dissipation channel is connected to the first through hole 101, and the outlet of the heat dissipation channel is connected to the second through hole 102.

[0029] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, turbulence structures 30224 are provided on both sides of the protrusion along the circumferential direction. By providing turbulence structures 30224 on both sides of the protrusion, the overall structure of the rotor assembly 3 can be symmetrically arranged, ensuring the dynamic balance of the motor structure and reducing vibration and noise. As an alternative implementation, the turbulence structure 30224 can also be provided on one side of the protrusion along the circumferential direction.

[0030] Specifically, a cross-section is drawn through the midpoint of the arc and the center of the circle of each second magnetic sector 3022. Two perturbation structures 30224 located on the same second magnetic sector 3022 are mirror-image arranged along this cross-section, such as... Figure 4 As shown. By mirroring the two turbulence structures 30224 on each second magnetic sector 3022, the turbulence structures 30224 on the motor structure can turbulently circulate air regardless of whether the motor structure rotates forward or backward, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor structure. As an alternative implementation, the two turbulence structures 30224 on each second magnetic sector 3022 can also be symmetrically arranged instead of mirrored.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, along the circumferential direction, both sides of the protrusion are arc-shaped surfaces, forming a turbulence structure 30224, which effectively reduces noise. As an alternative implementation, along the circumferential direction, both sides of the protrusion are inclined planes, forming a turbulence structure 30224. Specifically, along the circumferential direction, a notch is provided between the two ends of one side of the protrusion to form an arc-shaped surface on one side of the protrusion. This arrangement ensures that the protrusion does not occupy the space of the adjacent first magnetic sector 3021 and does not affect the magnetic field of the first magnetic sector 3021.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, the width of the protrusion gradually increases circumferentially along the airflow direction within the heat dissipation channel. This design allows the turbulence structure 30224 to turbulentize the airflow as it initially passes through the rotor assembly, increasing the airflow area. As the airflow continues, the width of the protrusion increases, enabling the turbulence structure 30224 to continuously turbulentize the airflow and improve the heat dissipation effect on the motor structure.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the central angle corresponding to the projection of the second magnetic sector 3022 onto the horizontal plane is A; along the circumference, the central angle corresponding to the projection of one side of the protrusion of each second magnetic sector 3022 onto the horizontal plane is B, where 0.05A≤B≤0.1A. This arrangement allows a turbulence structure 30224 to be installed on one side of the protrusion to turbulent the airflow, while the turbulence structure 30224 does not occupy a large area of ​​the second magnetic sector 3022, thus ensuring the magnetic field of the second magnetic sector 3022. As an alternative implementation, A and B can be other ratios, which are not limited here. In one embodiment, the number of pole pairs of the magnetic component 302 is even.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the magnetic component 302 has 4 pole pairs. As an alternative implementation, the magnetic component 302 may also have other even numbers of pole pairs, which can be set according to actual needs, and no further restrictions are imposed here.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 301, the first magnetic sector 3021 includes, from the outside to the inside, a first magnetic pole body 30211, a first connecting part 30212, and a first rotating shaft plastic-coated part 30213 connected together. The first connecting part 30212 is provided with a first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121, and the first rotating shaft plastic-coated part 30213 is connected to the rotating shaft 301. Along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 301, the second magnetic sector 3022 includes a second magnetic pole body 30221, a second connecting part 30222 and a second rotating shaft plastic coating part 30223. The second connecting part 30222 is provided with a second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221, and the second rotating shaft plastic coating part 30223 is connected to the rotating shaft 301. In the projection plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 301, the projected area of ​​the first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 is smaller than the projected area of ​​the second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221.

[0036] By configuring the first magnetic sector 3021 to include a first magnetic pole body 30211, a first connecting portion 30212, and a first rotating shaft plastic-coated portion 30213, with a first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 provided in the first connecting portion 30212, and configuring the second magnetic sector 3022 to include a second magnetic pole body 30221, a second connecting portion 30222, and a second rotating shaft plastic-coated portion 30223, with a second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221 provided in the second connecting portion 30222, since the outer diameter of the first magnetic sector 3021 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second magnetic sector 3022, the projected area of ​​the first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 is set to be smaller than the projected area of ​​the second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221 in the projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 301, so that the magnetic potential of the first magnetic sector 3021 can match that of the second magnetic sector 3022, thereby ensuring the performance of the motor structure. Meanwhile, due to the presence of the first magnetomotive force adjustment cavity 302121 and the second magnetomotive force adjustment cavity 302221, when air flows through the rotor assembly 3, the air will also flow into the first magnetomotive force adjustment cavity 302121 and the second magnetomotive force adjustment cavity 302221, further improving the cooling effect on the rotor assembly 3 and the heat dissipation effect on the motor structure.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 is arranged in equal proportion to the first magnetic sector 3021, and the second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221 is arranged in equal proportion to the second magnetic sector 3022. The inner diameters of the first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 and the second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221 are the same, and the outer diameter of the first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221.

[0038] By setting the first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 and the first magnetic sector 3021 in equal proportion, and setting the second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221 and the second magnetic sector 3022 in equal proportion, and setting the inner diameters of the first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 and the second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221 to be the same, and setting the outer diameter of the first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 to be smaller than the outer diameter of the second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221, it is convenient to set the area of ​​the first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 to be smaller than the area of ​​the second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221, so as to ensure the thickness of the first magnetic pole body 30211 and the second magnetic pole body 30221.

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, the sum of the number of the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 is P, where P is an even number greater than 2.

[0040] By setting the sum of the number of the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 as P, and P being an even number greater than 2, the overall weight of the magnetic component 302 can be made symmetrical along the circumferential direction, so that the rotor component 3 can meet the requirements of dynamic balance when rotating, thereby reducing vibration noise.

[0041] If P is an odd number greater than 1, the overall weight of the magnetic component 302 will be asymmetrical along the circumference, causing the rotor component 3 to fail to meet the dynamic balance requirements during rotation, resulting in vibration and noise that do not meet design requirements. For example, if P is 5, the sum of the number of the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 is 5. Since the weights of the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 are not equal, for example, the number of the first magnetic sector 3021 is 3 and the number of the second magnetic sector 3022 is 2, the overall weight of the magnetic component 302 along the circumference is not equal, resulting in large vibration and poor noise in the motor structure during high-speed rotation.

[0042] According to the basic principles of electromagnetism, firstly, the magnetic fields of each pair of N and S poles must be symmetrical in both space and amplitude. Secondly, the magnetic field space and amplitude of each pair of magnetic poles within the entire rotor assembly 3 must be kept symmetrical. Therefore, in order to ensure that the motor structure can operate stably and quietly, the phase and amplitude of each pair of magnetic poles and their respective magnetic fields should be symmetrically set to generate smaller harmonics, thereby generating less vibration and noise.

[0043] Specifically, the angles of the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 are both 360° / P.

[0044] By setting the angles of the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 to 360° / P, the spatial angles of each pair of magnetic poles are symmetrically set about the center point of the magnetic field, thereby making the spatial phase and amplitude of the magnetic field in the circumferential direction symmetrical, so as to generate smaller harmonics, and thus generate smaller vibrations and noise, ensuring that the motor structure can operate stably and quietly.

[0045] If the angle between the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 is not set to 360° / P, the spatial angle of each pair of magnetic poles will not be symmetrical about the center point of the magnetic field, resulting in asymmetrical magnetic field amplitude. Furthermore, according to the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform Analysis) results, even-order harmonics will exist in the magnetic field of the entire rotor assembly 3. The even-order harmonic magnetic field will induce even-order harmonic potentials in the stator winding. According to the basic principle of electromagnetic torque of brushless DC motors, the interaction between the even-order harmonic current and the fundamental and harmonic currents will generate ripple torque, causing torque pulsation, which will aggravate the vibration of the motor structure, leading to vibration and noise problems of the whole machine.

[0046] Along the circumferential direction, the magnetic properties of the adjacent first magnetic sector 3021 and second magnetic sector 3022 are opposite.

[0047] Along the circumferential direction, each first magnetic sector 3021 includes two first sector magnets with opposite magnetic properties, and each first sector magnet is provided with a first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121; Along the circumferential direction, each second magnetic sector 3022 includes two second sector magnets with opposite magnetic properties, and each second sector magnet is provided with a second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, each first magnetic sector 3021 contains two first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121, meaning each first sector magnet has a first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121. The first magnetic pole bodies 30211 corresponding to the two first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121 have opposite magnetic properties. Similarly, each second magnetic sector 3022 contains two second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221, meaning each second sector magnet has a second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221. The second magnetic pole bodies 30221 corresponding to the two second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221 have opposite magnetic properties. Correspondingly, the magnetic component 302 has 2P poles. Alternatively, in a different implementation, each first magnetic sector 3021 may contain one first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121, and each second magnetic sector 3022 may contain one second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221.

[0049] Specifically, each first magnetic sector 3021 and each second magnetic sector 3022 is composed of an N pole and a S pole. When the motor structure requires a high speed, a connecting rib can be added between the N pole and the S pole to make the number of first magnetomotive force adjustment cavities 302121 two and the number of second magnetomotive force adjustment cavities 302221 two, so as to improve the connection strength.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the number of first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121 is 2, the two first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121 are the same, and the two ends of the two first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121 are respectively provided with a first magnetic pole body 30211 and a first rotating shaft plastic coating part 30213, and the magnetism of the first magnetic pole body 30211 corresponding to the two first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121 is opposite. When the number of second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221 is 2, the two second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221 are the same, and the two ends of the two second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221 are respectively provided with second magnetic pole bodies 30221 and second rotating shaft plastic parts 30223, and the magnetism of the second magnetic pole bodies 30221 corresponding to the two second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221 is opposite.

[0051] When the number of first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121 is two, by setting the two first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121 to be identical, that is, identical in shape, size, inner diameter, and outer diameter, and with the magnetic properties of the first magnetic pole bodies 30211 corresponding to the two first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121 being opposite, the magnetic fields generated within each first magnetic sector 3021 are made symmetrical, thereby reducing the effect of magnetic field harmonics and ensuring that the magnetic potential generated between different magnetic poles within each first magnetic sector 3021 is consistent, thus guaranteeing that the magnetic fields of different magnetic poles are symmetrical about the center; similarly When the number of second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221 is 2, by setting the two second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221 to be the same, that is, the same shape, the same size, the same inner diameter, and the same outer diameter, and the magnetic properties of the second magnetic pole bodies 30221 corresponding to the two second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221 are opposite, the magnetic field generated in each second magnetic sector 3022 is symmetrical, so as to reduce the effect of magnetic field harmonics, so as to make the magnetic potential generated between different magnetic poles in each second magnetic sector 3022 consistent, thereby ensuring that the magnetic fields of different magnetic poles are symmetrical about the center.

[0052] The outer diameter of the first magnetic sector 3021 is D1, the outer diameter of the second magnetic sector 3022 is D2, and the outer diameter of the first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 is D. io1 The inner diameter of the first magnetomotive force adjustment cavity 302121 is D. i1 The outer diameter of the second magnetomotive force adjustment cavity 302221 is D. io2 The inner diameter of the second magnetomotive force adjustment cavity 302221 is D. i2 ,satisfy: |D1-D2|≤1mm and D i2 2 -2×D io2 ×D io1 - Di1 ×D i2 + D i1 ×D io2 =0.

[0053] Because the outer diameters of the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 are different, the outer diameters of the first magnetomotive force adjustment cavity 302121 and the second magnetomotive force adjustment cavity 302221 are also different, resulting in different magnetomotive forces. When the dimensions satisfy |D1-D2|≤1mm and Di22-2×Dio2×Dio1- Di1×Di2+ Di1×Dio2=0, the magnetic waveforms provided by each pair of the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 in the rotor assembly 3 are symmetrical, ensuring the spatial and amplitude symmetry of the magnetic fields of each pair of N poles and S poles. This, in turn, ensures that the spatial and amplitude symmetry of the magnetic fields of each pair of magnetic poles within the entire rotor assembly 3 remains symmetrical, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the motor structure. When the dimensions do not satisfy |D1-D2|≤1mm and D i2 2 -2×D io2 ×D io1 - D i1 ×D i2 + D i1 ×D io2 When the value is 0, the magnetic field amplitude will exhibit an asymmetrical distribution, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, several cases with D2-D1 of 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm and 2mm are given. It can be seen from the figure that, under the condition of satisfying the above formula and within the allowable error range, the amplitude of the magnetic field is symmetrical.

[0055] In actual setup, in order to ensure connection strength, the minimum width of the first connecting part 30212 located between the two first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121 inside the first magnetic sector 3021 is greater than 0.6mm. Here, the minimum width is the dimension of the first connecting part 30212 perpendicular to the radial direction. The minimum width of the second connecting portion 30222 located between the two second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221 within the second magnetic sector 3022 is greater than 0.6 mm. Here, the minimum width is the dimension of the second connecting portion 30222 perpendicular to the radial direction. Within adjacent first magnetic sector 3021 and second magnetic sector 3022, the sum of the minimum widths of the first connecting portion 30212 and the second connecting portion 30222 between adjacent first magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302121 and second magnetic potential adjustment cavity 302221 is greater than 0.6mm. Here, the minimum width is the dimension of the first connecting portion 30212 and the second connecting portion 30222 perpendicular to the radial direction.

[0056] By setting the minimum width of the first connecting portion 30212 of the first magnetic sector 3021 located between the two first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121 to be greater than 0.6 mm, the connection strength within the first magnetic sector 3021 can be guaranteed, thereby improving the connection strength between the rotating shaft 301 and the magnetic component 302; by setting the minimum width of the second connecting portion 30222 of the second magnetic sector 3022 located between the two second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221 to be greater than 0.6 mm, the connection strength within the second magnetic sector 3022 can be guaranteed. This improves the connection strength between the rotating shaft 301 and the magnetic component 302. By setting the sum of the minimum widths of the first connecting portion 30212 and the second connecting portion 30222 between adjacent first magnetic sector 3021 and second magnetic sector 3022, and between adjacent first magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302121 and second magnetic potential adjustment cavities 302221, to be greater than 0.6 mm, the connection strength between the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 can be guaranteed, thereby improving the connection strength between the rotating shaft 301 and the magnetic component 302.

[0057] In one embodiment, there is a first air gap between the stator assembly 2 and the first magnetic sector 3021, and the first air gap forms a first circle along the circumferential direction; The front end of the housing 1 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 101, and the centers of the plurality of first through holes 101 together form a second circle; The rear end of the housing 1 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 102, and the centers of the plurality of second through holes 102 together form a third circle; The centers of the first circle, the second circle, and the third circle are set coaxially, and the diameters of the first circle, the second circle, and the third circle are equal.

[0058] By providing multiple first through holes 101 at the front end of the housing 1, with the centers of the multiple first through holes 101 forming a second circle, and providing multiple second through holes 102 at the rear end of the housing 1, with the centers of the multiple second through holes 102 forming a third circle, and the centers of the first circle, the second circle, and the third circle being coaxially arranged, and the diameters of the first circle, the second circle, and the third circle being equal, the occurrence of air entering through the first through holes 101 impacting the inner wall of the air gap 4 between the stator assembly 2 and the rotor assembly 3 can be reduced, thus reducing airflow resistance and providing smooth airflow. This ensures that air smoothly enters the air gap 4 between the rotor assembly 3 and the stator assembly 2 through the front end of the housing 1 and smoothly flows out from the rear end of the housing 1, thereby cooling the internal structure of the motor and the end bearing 6.

[0059] Because the outer diameter of the first magnetic sector 3021 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second magnetic sector 3022, the first air gap between the stator assembly 2 and the first magnetic sector 3021 will be larger than the second air gap between the stator assembly 2 and the second magnetic sector 3022. Along the circumference, the second air gap will form a fourth circle. The center of the fourth circle is coaxial with the center of the first circle, and the diameter of the first circle is larger than the diameter of the fourth circle. This arrangement allows for a greater amount of air to flow in. Alternatively, the diameters of the fourth circle, the second circle, and the third circle can all be equal; or the centers of the first circle, the second circle, the third circle, and the fourth circle can all be coaxial, but with different diameters.

[0060] The number of first through holes 101 is greater than or equal to 2, and the number of second through holes 102 is greater than or equal to 2, which can ensure a certain amount of airflow and improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple first through holes 101 are evenly and spaced on the front end face of the housing 1, and multiple second through holes 102 are evenly and spaced on the rear end face of the housing 1. A heat dissipation fan 5 is provided at the front part of the rotating shaft 301 extending out of the housing 1 to enhance air circulation. A bearing 6 is provided at the rear part of the rotating shaft 301.

[0062] Figure 10 Given Figure 2 The attached figure shows the temperature rise of the bearing 6 in the rotor assembly 3, which has 8 magnetic poles and includes a first magnetic sector 3021 and a second magnetic sector 3022, decreasing as the height difference between the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 changes. As can be seen from the figure, the temperature rise of the bearing 6 further away from the heat dissipation fan 5 decreases as the height difference increases.

[0063] In this embodiment, the motor structure, on the one hand, utilizes the unequal outer diameters of the first magnetic sector 3021 and the second magnetic sector 3022 to create a height difference. This allows the rotor assembly 3 to rotate, driving the air in the air gap 4 to rotate. Combined with the axial fluid movement caused by the air movement due to the temperature difference at both ends of the motor structure, this dissipates heat from the iron core and the bearings 6 at the ends of the motor structure. Simultaneously, by providing turbulence structures 30224 on both sides of the protrusion of each second magnetic sector 3022 relative to the first magnetic sector 3021, the turbulence structures 30224 enhance the disturbance of the air during rotor rotation, promoting airflow and thus better carrying away high-temperature air from the rotor assembly 3, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor structure. On the other hand, the specific structural design of the rotor assembly 3 ensures that the magnetic pole thickness and magnetic potential are the same, thereby ensuring that the performance of the motor structure remains unchanged.

[0064] like Figure 11As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a smoke exhaust fan is also provided, including the above-mentioned motor structure, and further including a fan housing 7, a fan wheel, and a cooling fan wheel 5. The motor structure is installed on the fan housing 7, the rotating shaft 301 of the motor structure extends into the fan housing 7 and is fixedly connected to the fan wheel, and the cooling fan wheel 5 is sleeved on the part of the rotating shaft 301 located outside the fan housing 7, and the cooling fan wheel 5 is located between the fan housing 7 and the housing 1 of the motor structure.

[0065] The cooling fan 5 can drive air to move axially, flowing from the front end to the rear end of the housing 1. Specifically, an axial flow fan blade can be used.

[0066] In the specific implementation of the above embodiments, the technical features can be combined in any non-contradictory way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the above technical features are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features is not contradictory, it should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0067] The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electric machine structure, characterized by The motor structure comprises a shell (1), a stator assembly (2) and a rotor assembly (3) arranged in the shell (1), the rotor assembly (3) is arranged in the inner cavity of the stator assembly (2) in a spaced manner, an air gap (4) is arranged between the stator assembly (2) and the rotor assembly (3), a heat dissipation channel passing through the air gap (4) is arranged in the shell (1), and the inlet and outlet of the heat dissipation channel are communicated with the outside of the shell (1); The rotor assembly (3) comprises a rotating shaft (301) and a magnetic assembly (302) connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft (301), the magnetic assembly (302) comprises a plurality of first magnetic sector bodies (3021) and a plurality of second magnetic sector bodies (3022), the first magnetic sector bodies (3021) and the second magnetic sector bodies (3022) are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, and the outer diameter of the first magnetic sector body (3021) is smaller than that of the second magnetic sector body (3022). The second magnetic sector body (3022) is provided with a protruding portion relative to the protruding portion of the first magnetic sector body (3021), and at least one side of the protruding portion is provided with a spoiler structure (30224) in the circumferential direction, and the spoiler structure (30224) is used for air disturbance. Both sides of the protruding portion are provided with the spoiler structure (30224) in the circumferential direction.

2. The motor structure of claim 1, wherein: Two spoiler structures (30224) located on the same second magnetic sector body (3022) are arranged in mirror image along the cross section passing through the arc midpoint of the second magnetic sector body (3022) and the center of the circle.

3. The motor structure of claim 2, wherein: Both sides of the protruding portion are provided with the spoiler structure (30224) in the circumferential direction.

4. The motor structure of claim 2, wherein: Along the flow direction of the airflow in the heat dissipation channel, the width of the protruding portion in the circumferential direction gradually increases.

5. The motor structure of claim 4, wherein: Along the circumferential direction, a missing portion is arranged between the two ends of one side surface of the protruding portion, so that the one side surface of the protruding portion forms the circular arc surface or the inclined plane.

6. The motor structure of claim 4, wherein: The second magnetic sector body (3022) is projected on a horizontal plane, and the corresponding central angle of the circle is A.

7. The motor structure of claim 4, wherein: Along the circumferential direction, the projection of one side surface of the protruding portion of each second magnetic sector body (3022) on the horizontal plane corresponds to a central angle B of the circle, and 0.05A≤B≤0.1A.

8. The motor structure according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: Along the radial direction of the rotating shaft (301), the first magnetic sector body (3021) comprises a first magnetic pole body (30211), a first connecting portion (30212) and a first rotating shaft plastic portion (30213) connected in sequence from outside to inside, the first connecting portion (30212) is provided with a first magnetic potential adjusting cavity (302121), and the first rotating shaft plastic portion (30213) is connected with the rotating shaft (301). ​ Along the radial direction of the rotating shaft (301), the second magnetic sector (3022) comprises, from outside to inside, a second magnetic pole body (30221), a second connecting part (30222) and a second rotating shaft plastic part (30223) connected in sequence, the second connecting part (30222) is internally provided with a second magnetic potential adjusting cavity (302221), and the second rotating shaft plastic part (30223) is connected with the rotating shaft (301). In a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft (301), the projection area of the first magnetic potential adjusting cavity (302121) is smaller than the projection area of the second magnetic potential adjusting cavity (302221).

9. The motor structure of claim 8, wherein: The first magnetic potential adjusting cavity (302121) is proportionally arranged with the first magnetic sector (3021), and the second magnetic potential adjusting cavity (302221) is proportionally arranged with the second magnetic sector (3022).

10. The motor structure of claim 8, wherein: The outer diameter of the first magnetic sector (3021) is D1, the outer diameter of the second magnetic sector (3022) is D2, the outer diameter of the first magnetic potential adjusting cavity (302121) is D io1 , the inner diameter of the first magnetic potential adjusting cavity (302121) is D i1 , the outer diameter of the second magnetic potential adjusting cavity (302221) is D io2 , the inner diameter of the second magnetic potential adjusting cavity (302221) is D i2 , and the following conditions are met: |D1-D2|≤1mm and D i2 2 -2×D io2 ×D io1 - D i1 ×D i2 + D i1 ×D io2 =0.

11. A smoke evacuation fan, characterized by, The motor structure comprises a fan shell (7), a fan wheel and a heat dissipation fan wheel (5), the motor structure is installed in the fan shell (7), the rotating shaft (301) of the motor structure extends into the fan shell (7) and is fixedly connected with the fan wheel, the heat dissipation fan wheel (5) is sleeved on the part of the rotating shaft (301) located outside the fan shell (7), and the heat dissipation fan wheel (5) is located between the fan shell (7) and the shell (1) of the motor structure.

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