Tea garden soil fertility directional cultivation method
By improving soil structure with biochar and mineral conditioners, combined with organic-inorganic fertilizers and multi-gradient farming methods, the problems of soil acidification and nutrient imbalance in tea gardens have been solved, achieving a simultaneous improvement in tea yield and quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing tea garden soil management practices suffer from problems such as soil acidification, compaction, and nutrient imbalance, leading to a decline in tea quality and unstable yields. There is a lack of systematic and targeted fertility regulation programs.
The soil structure is improved by combining biochar and mineral conditioners, and the nutrient supply is optimized by combining organic-inorganic special fertilizers in time and space. The soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and microbial abundance are improved by using shallow-medium-deep multi-gradient tillage methods and increasing the application of organic fertilizers.
It significantly improves tea yield and quality, reduces soil bulk density by more than 10%, increases cation exchange capacity and pH value by more than 12%, improves fertilizer agronomic efficiency by more than 50%, increases tea yield by more than 8%, and significantly improves quality.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of tea plantation, and more particularly to a method for targeted cultivation of soil fertility in tea plantations. Background Technology
[0002] With economic development and social progress, people have increasingly higher requirements for tea quality, safety, and the ecological environment of tea gardens. Targeted cultivation of tea garden soil fertility has become a hot topic in the tea industry in recent years. Soil fertility is a key factor affecting tea yield and quality. Current tea garden soil management methods have many shortcomings, such as soil acidification, compaction, and nutrient imbalance, leading to decreased tea quality and unstable yields. A comprehensive targeted soil cultivation technology is urgently needed to improve soil fertility, promote healthy tea tree growth, and increase tea yield and quality. However, existing soil fertility cultivation technologies often focus on single factors (such as applying only organic fertilizers or soil conditioners), lacking a systematic targeted fertility control plan. The fertilizers used in tea gardens are mostly single chemical fertilizers or compound fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. While these can meet the growth needs of tea trees in the short term, long-term application can lead to soil acidification, soil breakdown, compaction, decreased water and fertilizer retention capacity, and increased environmental burden, thus affecting the normal growth of tea trees and significantly reducing the biochemical and sensory quality of tea. Therefore, developing a method that can effectively improve the soil fertility of tea gardens is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for targeted cultivation of soil fertility in tea gardens. This method improves soil structure through the synergistic use of biochar and mineral conditioners, optimizes nutrient supply through the spatiotemporal management of organic-inorganic fertilizers, and combines a multi-gradient cultivation method (shallow-medium-deep) with agronomical measures such as increased application of organic fertilizers. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies in terms of soil fertility and promotes the healthy growth of tea trees.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0005] This invention provides a method for targeted cultivation of soil fertility in tea gardens, comprising the following operations: applying soil conditioners to improve soil structure; applying organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizers; cultivating and managing the soil by using three levels of cultivation methods—shallow cultivation, medium cultivation, and deep cultivation—to enhance the soil's ability to retain fertilizer and water; and increasing the application of organic fertilizers to improve the organic matter content of the tea garden soil and enhance the abundance of soil microorganisms.
[0006] Furthermore, the soil conditioner includes: 30%-35% bio-bamboo charcoal, 20%-25% decomposed rapeseed cake, 5%-8% loosening agent, 10%-15% dolomite powder, 10%-20% bentonite, and 15%-20% attapulgite.
[0007] Furthermore, the bio-bamboo charcoal is nano-biochar with a particle size of 60-80 nanometers, a pyrolysis temperature of 500-550℃, and a specific surface area ≥300m². 2 / g, pH value 8.5-9.0.
[0008] Furthermore, the decomposed rapeseed cake is produced by layered pressing, with an oil yield of 25% to 30% and a moisture content of 10% to 12%.
[0009] Furthermore, the main components of the loosening agent include polyacrylamide, phospholipids, and crushed tea tree pruning branches.
[0010] Furthermore, the dolomite powder contains 20%~22% MgO and 30%~34% CaO.
[0011] Furthermore, the specific operation of applying the soil conditioner is as follows: in the early stage of tea tree growth in spring, the soil conditioner is evenly spread on the surface of the tea garden soil, and then shallow cultivation is carried out; the application rate of the soil conditioner is 100-200 kg per mu.
[0012] Furthermore, the organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer comprises: 10%-15% mineral-derived potassium humate, 25%-30% decomposed rapeseed cake, 10%-20% urea, 3%-5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1%-3% monoammonium phosphate, 2%-5% superphosphate, 5%-10% potassium sulfate, 1%-3% magnesium sulfate, 1%-5% resin coating, and 5%-10% biochar. The total nutrient content ratio of N, P2O5, K2O, and MgO in the organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer is 20:5:8:2.
[0013] Furthermore, the specific operation of applying the organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer is as follows: during the vigorous growth period of tea trees, apply the organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer at a rate of 30-70 kg per mu; the fertilizer should be applied at a distance of 30-40 cm from the roots on both sides of the tea tree.
[0014] Furthermore, the specific operations of the cultivation management are as follows: during the tea tree growing season, shallow cultivation is carried out 30-40 days before harvesting; medium cultivation is carried out from late April to mid-May after the spring tea season ends; and deep cultivation is carried out before the tea trees enter dormancy (late October).
[0015] Furthermore, the shallow tillage is combined with the application of soil conditioner, the medium tillage is combined with the application of organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer, and the deep tillage is combined with the application of organic fertilizer.
[0016] Furthermore, the shallow tillage depth is 5-10 cm, the medium tillage depth is 10-15 cm, and the deep tillage depth is 15-20 cm.
[0017] Furthermore, the specific operation of applying organic fertilizer is as follows: during the dormant period of tea trees in autumn each year, apply organic fertilizer at a rate of 150-400 kg per mu. The organic fertilizer is animal-derived organic fertilizer, and its preparation method is as follows: according to the weight ratio of pig manure: sheep manure: chicken manure 3:2:1, adopt three-dimensional layered fermentation, and when the fermentation degree reaches 50%-60%, pile it up evenly for decomposition.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following technical effects:
[0019] This invention integrates soil improvement, the spatiotemporal management of organic-inorganic specialized fertilizers, precise nutrient regulation, and soil cultivation management to construct a targeted cultivation technology model for tea garden soil fertility. This effectively solves key problems such as soil functional imbalance, spatiotemporal mismatch between fertilizer supply and demand, and low utilization rates caused by the traditional single-depth cultivation method in tea gardens. This model achieves precise matching between soil physicochemical property improvement and crop nutrient requirements, significantly improving fertilizer nutrient absorption and utilization rates when applied in the current season, resulting in simultaneous increases in tea yield and quality. It provides a systematic technical solution for upgrading and transforming low- and medium-yield tea gardens.
[0020] The "biochar-mineral conditioner" dual-structure improvement system created in this invention synergistically optimizes the three-phase structure of soil through charge adsorption and pore construction, reducing soil bulk density by more than 10% and increasing cation exchange capacity and pH value by more than 12%. It better matches the nutrient requirements of tea tree roots, improving fertilizer agronomic efficiency by more than 50%. The established three-stage tillage system of "shallow rotary tillage-side-vertical medium tillage-vertical deep tillage" significantly improves soil physical structure. The constructed "organic matter input-microbial activation" positive feedback mechanism drives efficient conversion of organic matter, increasing soil organic matter content by more than 10% and soil fertility index by more than 20%.
[0021] In summary, this invention combines rapid and long-lasting effects, utilizes readily available raw materials, and is environmentally friendly and energy-saving. It reduces fertilizer application while achieving a balanced nutrient supply, continuously improving soil fertility in tea gardens, increasing tea yield by over 8%, and significantly enhancing tea quality. This technical model is highly operable and widely applicable, offering significant economic, ecological, and social benefits for promoting green and efficient tea garden production and facilitating sustainable soil utilization. Detailed Implementation
[0022] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.
[0023] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention.
[0024] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.
[0025] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.
[0026] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.
[0027] This invention provides a method for targeted cultivation of soil fertility in tea gardens, comprising the following operations: applying soil conditioners to improve soil structure; applying organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizers; cultivating and managing the soil by using three levels of cultivation methods—shallow cultivation, medium cultivation, and deep cultivation—to enhance the soil's ability to retain fertilizer and water; and increasing the application of organic fertilizers to improve the organic matter content of the tea garden soil and enhance the abundance of soil microorganisms.
[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the soil conditioner includes: 30%-35% bio-bamboo charcoal, 20%-25% decomposed rapeseed cake, 5%-8% loosening agent, 10%-15% dolomite powder, 10%-20% bentonite, and 15%-20% attapulgite.
[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, the biochar is nano-biochar with a particle size of 60-80 nanometers, a pyrolysis temperature of 500-550℃, and a specific surface area ≥300m². 2 / g, pH value 8.5-9.0.
[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the decomposed rapeseed cake is produced by a layered pressing method, with an oil yield of 25% to 30% and a moisture content of 10% to 12%.
[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, the loosening agent mainly comprises polyacrylamide, phospholipids, and crushed tea tree pruning branches.
[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the dolomite powder contains 20%~22% MgO and 30%~34% CaO.
[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific operation of applying the soil conditioner is as follows: in the early stage of tea tree growth in spring, the soil conditioner is mixed and evenly spread on the surface of the tea garden soil, and then shallow cultivation is carried out; the application rate of the soil conditioner is 100-200 kg per mu.
[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer comprises: 10%-15% mineral-derived potassium humate, 25%-30% decomposed rapeseed cake, 10%-20% urea, 3%-5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1%-3% monoammonium phosphate, 2%-5% superphosphate, 5%-10% potassium sulfate, 1%-3% magnesium sulfate, 1%-5% resin coating, and 5%-10% biochar. The total nutrient content ratio of the organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer, N, P2O5, K2O, and MgO, is 20:5:8:2.
[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific operation of applying the organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer is as follows: during the vigorous growth period of tea trees, apply the organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer at a rate of 30-70 kg per mu; the fertilizer is applied at a distance of 30-40 cm from the roots on both sides of the tea tree.
[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific operations of the cultivation management are as follows: during the tea tree growing season, shallow cultivation is carried out 30-40 days before harvesting; medium cultivation is carried out from late April to mid-May after the spring tea season ends; and deep cultivation is carried out before the tea trees enter dormancy (late October).
[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, shallow tillage is combined with the application of soil conditioner, medium tillage is combined with the application of organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer, and deep tillage is combined with the application of organic fertilizer.
[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, the shallow tillage depth is 5-10 cm, the medium tillage depth is 10-15 cm, and the deep tillage depth is 15-20 cm.
[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, shallow tillage is carried out by mechanical rotary tillage, with the tillage teeth at an angle of 30 to 40 degrees to the ground, and the tillage depth is 5 to 10 centimeters; medium tillage is carried out by mechanical moldboard plowing, with the moldboard plow surface having a hyperboloidal configuration, and the tillage depth is 10 to 15 centimeters; deep tillage is carried out by mechanical vertical tillage, with the tillage teeth at an angle of 90 degrees to the ground, and the depth is 15 to 20 centimeters.
[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific operation of applying organic fertilizer is as follows: during the dormant period of tea trees in autumn each year, apply organic fertilizer at a rate of 150-400 kg per mu. The organic fertilizer is animal-derived organic fertilizer, and its preparation method is as follows: according to the weight ratio of pig manure: sheep manure: chicken manure 3:2:1, adopt three-dimensional layered fermentation, and when the fermentation degree reaches 50%-60%, pile it up evenly for decomposition.
[0041] The embodiments of the present invention are exemplary and should not be used to limit the entire scope of protection of this application.
[0042] Example 1
[0043] A method for targeted cultivation of soil fertility in tea gardens includes the following steps:
[0044] The tea garden covers an area of 1200 m² 2 In spring, between March 10th and March 20th, apply 150 kg of soil conditioner per mu and shallowly cultivate; in summer, between April 25th and May 10th, apply 70 kg of organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer per mu and cultivate; in autumn, between October 25th and November 10th, apply 300 kg of animal-derived organic fertilizer per mu and deep cultivate.
[0045] The soil conditioner includes: 30% bio-bamboo charcoal, 25% decomposed rapeseed cake, 5% loosening agent, 10% dolomite powder, 10% bentonite, and 20% attapulgite.
[0046] Organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer includes: 10%-15% mineral-derived potassium humate, 25%-30% decomposed rapeseed cake, 10%-20% urea, 3%-5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1%-3% monoammonium phosphate, 2%-5% superphosphate, 5%-10% potassium sulfate, 1%-3% magnesium sulfate, 1%-5% resin coating, and 5%-10% biochar.
[0047] The preparation method of animal-derived organic fertilizer is as follows: according to the weight ratio of pig manure: sheep manure: chicken manure 3:2:1, adopt three-dimensional layered fermentation, and when the fermentation degree reaches 50%-60%, it is evenly piled up for decomposition.
[0048] Shallow tillage uses mechanical rotary tillage, with the tillage teeth at a 30-40 degree angle to the ground, and a tillage depth of 5-10 cm; medium tillage uses mechanical moldboard plowing with a hyperboloidal surface, and a tillage depth of 10-15 cm; deep tillage uses mechanical vertical plowing, with the plow teeth at a 90-degree angle to the ground, and a depth of 15-20 cm.
[0049] Comparative Example 1
[0050] A method for treating tea garden soil includes the following steps:
[0051] The tea garden covers an area of 1500 m² 2Use conventional compound fertilizer of 15-15-15 as the fertilizer material. Apply 100 kg of compound fertilizer per mu in mid-May and deep plow. Apply 300 kg of commercial organic fertilizer in mid-October and deep plow. Mechanically plow once a year, with a plowing depth of 15-20 cm.
[0052] A comparative experiment was conducted on the tea garden treatment methods of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1:
[0053] Experimental location: An experimental tea garden in Langxi County, Anhui Province.
[0054] Experiment type: Fertilizer comparison experiment, lasting 3 years.
[0055] Harvesting method: Mechanical harvesting.
[0056] Experimental procedure: Example 1: tea garden soil fertility directional cultivation method and Comparative Example 1: tea garden soil treatment method.
[0057] The experimental results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
[0058] Table 1 Comparison of Soil Physicochemical Properties and Fertility Levels in Tea Gardens
[0059]
[0060] Table 2. Yield and constituent factors of tea leaves for each treatment
[0061]
[0062] Table 3. Biochemical component content of tea leaves in each treatment
[0063]
[0064] Analysis of the test results shows that:
[0065] As shown in Table 1, compared with the treatment in Comparative Example 1, the soil in the tea garden of the experimental area treated according to Example 1 increased organic matter, total nitrogen, and available potassium by 14.0%, 12.2%, and 9.9%, respectively, decreased soil bulk density by 14.4%, increased soil pH by 12.9%, and increased soil fertility index by 25%.
[0066] As shown in Table 2, the tea yield, dry weight of 100 buds, bud and leaf density, and agronomic efficiency of the experimental area treated according to Example 1 increased by 10.2%, 7.9%, 8.5%, and 58.8% respectively compared with the control example 1 treatment.
[0067] As shown in Table 3, the chlorophyll, amino acids, and tea polyphenols in the tea leaves of the experimental area treated according to Example 1 increased by 37.1%, 20.0%, and 5.2%, respectively, compared with those treated according to Comparative Example 1.
[0068] Example 2
[0069] A method for targeted cultivation of soil fertility in tea gardens includes the following steps:
[0070] The tea garden covers an area of 1000 m² 2 In spring, between March 10th and March 20th, apply 100 kg of soil conditioner per mu and shallowly cultivate; in summer, between May 5th and May 15th, apply 60 kg of organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer per mu and cultivate; in autumn, between October 10th and October 30th, apply 150 kg of animal-derived organic fertilizer per mu and deep cultivate.
[0071] The soil conditioner includes: 30% bio-bamboo charcoal, 25% decomposed rapeseed cake, 5% loosening agent, 10% dolomite powder, 10% bentonite, and 20% attapulgite.
[0072] Organic-inorganic tea-specific fertilizer includes: 10%-15% mineral-derived potassium humate, 25%-30% decomposed rapeseed cake, 10%-20% urea, 3%-5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1%-3% monoammonium phosphate, 2%-5% superphosphate, 5%-10% potassium sulfate, 1%-3% magnesium sulfate, 1%-5% resin coating, and 5%-10% biochar.
[0073] The preparation method of animal-derived organic fertilizer is as follows: according to the weight ratio of pig manure: sheep manure: chicken manure 3:2:1, adopt three-dimensional layered fermentation, and when the fermentation degree reaches 50%-60%, it is evenly piled up for decomposition.
[0074] Shallow tillage uses mechanical rotary tillage, with the tillage teeth at a 30-40 degree angle to the ground, and a tillage depth of 5-10 cm; medium tillage uses mechanical moldboard plowing with a hyperboloidal surface, and a tillage depth of 10-15 cm; deep tillage uses mechanical vertical plowing, with the plow teeth at a 90-degree angle to the ground, and a depth of 15-20 cm.
[0075] Comparative Example 2
[0076] A method for treating tea garden soil includes the following steps:
[0077] The tea garden covers an area of 1000 m² 2 In early March, apply 50 kg of conventional compound fertilizer (15-15-15) per mu and deep plow. In mid-October, apply 200 kg of commercial organic fertilizer per mu and deep plow. Mechanically plow once a year to a depth of 10-20 cm.
[0078] A comparative experiment was conducted on the tea garden treatment methods of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2:
[0079] Experimental location: A tea garden in Yuexi County, Anhui Province.
[0080] Experiment type: Fertilizer comparison experiment.
[0081] Harvesting method: Hand-picked.
[0082] Brief introduction of the experimental site: The soil of this experimental tea garden is yellow-red soil developed from phyllite and sandstone, with a pH of around 4.30. The tea variety is a local population variety, and the tea trees are planted in a double-row, dense planting method. Before the experiment, the tea trees in this tea garden had average growth, garden appearance, and management level, resulting in low yield.
[0083] Experimental procedure: Two comparative treatments were set up: the tea garden soil fertility directional cultivation method of Example 1 and the tea garden soil treatment method of Comparative Example 1.
[0084] The experimental results are shown in Tables 4 and 5:
[0085] Table 4 Comparison of Soil Physicochemical Properties in Tea Gardens
[0086]
[0087] Table 5. Yield indicators and biochemical components of tea leaves for each treatment.
[0088]
[0089] Table 4 shows that, compared with the control group 2, the soil in the tea garden treated according to Example 2 showed increases in organic matter, total nitrogen, and available potassium of 20.5%, 16.6%, and 15.6%, respectively; a decrease in soil bulk density of 10.1%; an increase in soil pH of 12.5%; and an increase in soil fertility index of 26.2%. Table 5 shows that, compared with the control group 2, the tea yield, dry weight per 100 buds, bud and leaf density, and agronomic efficiency in the experimental area treated according to Example 2 increased by 11.1%, 15.1%, 12.6%, and 67.3%, respectively; and the amino acid and tea polyphenol content in the tea of the experimental area treated according to Example 2 increased by 12.0% and 8.3%, respectively, compared with the control group 2.
[0090] The results of the above-mentioned fertilizer effect tests show that, after utilizing the tea garden soil fertility-oriented cultivation method of the present invention, the physical and chemical properties of the tea garden soil are improved, the fertilizer and water retention capacity is significantly enhanced, and the fertility level of the tea garden is significantly improved. Secondly, tea yield and quality are also significantly improved. The method of the present invention can effectively achieve a balanced supply of nutrients to tea trees, meeting the nutrient needs of tea trees at different growth stages. Through balanced fertilization and soil improvement, the sustainability of tea garden soil fertility is ensured. Therefore, the tea garden soil fertility-oriented cultivation method of the present invention provides a simple and easy-to-operate new approach for green and efficient tea garden production.
[0091] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for targeted breeding of tea garden soil fertility, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: applying soil conditioner to improve soil structure in the early growth period of tea trees in spring; applying organic-inorganic special fertilizer for tea leaves in the vigorous growth period of tea trees; managing by shallow ploughing, medium ploughing and deep ploughing to improve the soil water and fertilizer conservation capacity; and applying more organic fertilizer in the dormancy period of tea trees in autumn to increase the organic matter content of tea garden soil and enhance the soil microbial abundance.
2. The tea garden soil fertility directional breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil conditioner comprises 30%-35% of biological bamboo charcoal, 20%-25% of rotten rapeseed cake, 5%-8% of loosening agent, 10%-15% of dolomite powder, 10%-20% of bentonite and 15%-20% of attapulgite.
3. The tea garden soil fertility directional breeding method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The biological bamboo charcoal is nano biological charcoal with a particle size of 60-80 nm, a pyrolysis temperature of 500-550 DEG C, a specific surface area of greater than or equal to 300 m 2 / g, a pH value of 8.5-9.0; and / or, the rotten rapeseed cake is squeezed by a partial pressure level method, with an oil yield of 25%-30% and a water content of 10%-12%; and / or, the loose agent mainly comprises polyacrylamide, phospholipids and tea tree pruning branch crushed materials; and / or, the dolomite powder contains MgO 20%-22% and CaO 30%-34%.
4. The tea field soil fertility directional breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific operation of applying the soil conditioner is that the soil conditioner is uniformly applied on the surface of the tea garden soil in the early growth period of tea trees in spring, and then shallow ploughing is performed.
5. The tea garden soil fertility directional breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic-inorganic special fertilizer for tea leaves comprises 10%-15% of potassium fulvic acid, 25%-30% of rotten rapeseed cake, 10%-20% of urea, 3%-5% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1%-3% of monoammonium phosphate, 2%-5% of calcium superphosphate, 5%-10% of potassium sulfate, 1%-3% of magnesium sulfate, 1%-5% of resin coating and 5%-10% of biomass charcoal.
6. The tea garden soil fertility directional breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific operation of applying the organic-inorganic special fertilizer for tea leaves is that the organic-inorganic special fertilizer for tea leaves is applied in the vigorous growth period of tea trees, and the application amount is 30-70 kg per mu; and the application position is 30-40 cm away from the roots on both sides of the tea trees.
7. The tea garden soil fertility directional breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific operation of the ploughing management is that shallow ploughing is performed once 30-40 days before the tea growing season, medium ploughing is performed once in the period from late April to mid-May after the spring tea, and deep ploughing is performed once before the dormancy period of tea trees.
8. The tea garden soil fertility directional breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shallow ploughing is combined with the application of the soil conditioner, the medium ploughing is combined with the application of the organic-inorganic special fertilizer for tea leaves, and the deep ploughing is combined with the application of the organic fertilizer.
9. The tea garden soil fertility directed breeding method according to claims 7-8, characterized in that, The depth of the shallow ploughing is 5-10 cm, the depth of the medium ploughing is 10-15 cm, and the depth of the deep ploughing is 15-20 cm.
10. The tea garden soil fertility directional breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific operation of applying more organic fertilizer is that the organic fertilizer is applied in the dormancy period of tea trees in autumn every year, and the application amount is 150-400 kg per mu; the organic fertilizer is animal source organic fertilizer, and the preparation method is that pig manure, sheep manure and chicken manure are mixed according to a weight ratio of 3:2:1, and are subjected to three-dimensional layered fermentation, and are uniformly piled and decomposed when the fermentation degree reaches 50%-60%.