Intercropping and interplanting method for taxus chinensis, dwarf gingko and big (small) beans

Abstract

The invention provides an intercropping and interplanting method for taxus chinensis, dwarf gingko and big (small) beans. The invention relates to the technical field of mountain agriculture and under-forest compound planting, in particular to an intercropping and interplanting method for taxus chinensis, dwarf gingko and big (small) beans. The method comprises the following steps: planting taxus chinensis in a mountain farmland according to the row spacing of 3m * 3m, planting dwarf gingko with the plant height of 13-17cm between rows according to the row spacing of 50cm * 50cm, sowing red bean seeds (0.9-1.1 kg / mu and the depth of 1-2cm) by using the earthing action of a weeding machine from June 26th to July 26th, and harvesting ginkgo leaves from July 5th to July 10th. Through space staggering and time coupling, triple harvesting of taxus chinensis, dwarf ginkgo leaves and red beans is achieved, the land utilization rate is increased, the fertilization, weeding and irrigation cost is reduced, the contradiction of land contention of grain and pesticide is relieved, and the agricultural ecology and economic benefits of the mountain land are enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mountainous agriculture and under-forest complex planting, in particular to a method for interplanting and intercropping Taxus with dwarf Ginkgo and beans. BACKGROUND

[0002] In traditional mountainous agriculture, the utilization efficiency of land resources is low, especially in the face of long-term idle and single output structure. In mountainous areas, due to the limitation of terrain and the mismatch of crop growth period, many lands are idle for most of the year, which cannot be used efficiently. This problem is particularly prominent in long-term growth crops such as Taxus, dwarf Ginkgo, etc. Although they can bring relatively stable economic income, the growth cycle and space competition between crops make the land idle for a long time, making it difficult to maximize the use of resources.

[0003] Specifically, Taxus as a long-term growth tree species usually requires a larger plant spacing in mountainous farmland, usually 3m x 3m or larger, to ensure ventilation, lighting and nutrient space for tree growth. However, the planting gap of Taxus is often not fully utilized, resulting in nearly 90% of the under-forest land being free of crops all year round. On the other hand, dwarf Ginkgo has certain medicinal value, but its leaf harvesting period is relatively concentrated, only once before July 15, and thereafter it is in a dormant or low metabolic state, making the land idle again during this period. As a short-cycle crop, small beans can be planted after the leaves of dwarf Ginkgo are harvested, but due to the lack of scientific time and space configuration in traditional planting methods, it is easy to compete for space and resources with other crops, resulting in limited growth and reduced yield.

[0004] In addition, the labor input and irrigation demand in mountainous agriculture is usually high, and due to the lack of suitable crop matching and resource integration, the labor and irrigation costs of farmers continue to increase, and the sustainability of agricultural production faces great challenges. The traditional single crop cultivation mode and inefficient land use make it difficult to fully realize the comprehensive benefits and ecological functions of mountainous farmland, making it difficult for the overall production capacity of agriculture to meet the growing market demand.

[0005] Therefore, an innovative agricultural production mode is urgently needed to effectively integrate different crops such as Taxus, dwarf Ginkgo and small beans, optimize their spatial and temporal configuration, improve the land use efficiency of mountainous farmland, reduce production costs, improve the economic benefits of agriculture, and solve the problem of land competition between food and medicine and single ecological function. SUMMARY

[0006] The application provides a method for interplanting and intercropping taxus and dwarf ginkgo and large (small) beans, which can effectively integrate taxus, dwarf ginkgo and small beans and the like, optimize the space and time configuration of the crops, improve the land utilization efficiency of mountain farmland, reduce the production cost, improve the economic benefit of agriculture, and solve the problems of land competition between food and medicine and single ecological function.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme.

[0008] The application provides a method for interplanting and intercropping taxus and dwarf ginkgo and large (small) beans, which comprises the following steps: planting taxus in a mountain farmland, planting dwarf ginkgo between the rows of taxus, sowing small beans, and harvesting dwarf ginkgo leaves, wherein the taxus is planted with a row spacing of 2.5 m*2.5 m; the dwarf ginkgo is planted in the row space between the taxus with a plant spacing of 50 cm*50 cm, and the height of the dwarf ginkgo is 13 cm-17 cm; the small beans are sown from June 26 to July 2 every year, the sowing amount is 0.9 kg / mu-1.1 kg / mu, the soil depth is 1 cm-2 cm, and the seeds are covered with soil by the soil covering action of the weeding operation mechanism during sowing; and the dwarf ginkgo leaves are harvested from July 5 to July 10 every year.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the taxus is planted with an asymmetric rectangular row spacing.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, each 6.25 m 2 Four dwarf ginkgoes are regularly arranged in the unit planting area, and the planting position is located at the intersection of the midpoint of the connection line between the taxus and the vertical bisector.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the planting row direction of the taxus is arranged along the contour line.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the irrigation pipeline is arranged at the base of the plant along the row direction of the taxus, and a low water outlet is arranged at the interspace between the plants.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, a soil humidity and light intensity monitoring node is arranged near each taxus.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, 2 to 3 functional leaves are reserved at the base of the dwarf ginkgo leaves during harvesting.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the harvesting time of the dwarf ginkgo leaves overlaps with the initial germination period after the sowing of the small beans.

[0016] This invention provides a method for intercropping and relay cropping yew trees with dwarf ginkgo and soybeans (small beans). Dwarf ginkgo trees (13-17cm tall) of 50cm × 50cm are densely planted under 2.5m × 2.5m yew trees. Small beans (0.9-1.1kg / mu, 1-2cm depth) are sown simultaneously during weeding and soil covering from June 26th to July 2nd. Ginkgo leaves are then harvested in concentrated quantities from July 5th to 10th, achieving precise coupling of three harvest cycles: because yew trees... The large spacing between yew trees creates ample understory space, providing a vertically layered growth foundation for dwarf ginkgo and mung bean. Because mung bean sowing occurs close to the pre-ginkgo leaf harvesting period, the plants are not yet emerged from the soil during the initial germination stage, avoiding severe damage during harvesting. The exposed ground after ginkgo leaf harvesting significantly improves the light conditions for mung bean seedling emergence. Furthermore, the mung bean growth covering the ground not only suppresses weed growth, reducing the need for third-stage weeding, but also promotes post-harvest regeneration of dwarf ginkgo through shading and moisture retention, while simultaneously improving soil through nitrogen fixation. Therefore, this approach solves core problems in existing technologies such as long periods of land idleness throughout the year, significant competition for land between grain and pesticide crops, high labor and irrigation costs, and limited ecological functions, significantly improving the comprehensive land benefits and sustainable production capacity of mountain agriculture.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1) This invention significantly improves land use efficiency in mountainous farmland by rationally arranging intercropping and relay cropping patterns of yew, dwarf ginkgo, and mung bean. Traditional planting methods often result in idle land that is not fully utilized due to the staggered growth periods of crops and spatial competition. This method activates the year-round production capacity of mountainous farmland by rationally configuring the three crops, enabling previously idle land to be used more efficiently.

[0019] 2) The intercropping of yew, dwarf ginkgo, and mung bean successfully upgrades the annual yield per unit area from the original two-element (yew and dwarf ginkgo leaves) structure to a three-element (yew + dwarf ginkgo leaves + mung bean seeds) structure. This not only increases crop output but also effectively reduces the workload of weeding and irrigation, lowers production costs, and thus improves economic efficiency.

[0020] 3) This invention provides optimal growth conditions for each crop by precisely controlling the spatial and temporal relationships between yew, dwarf ginkgo, and mung bean. For example, dwarf ginkgo growing under the shade of yew helps improve its drought resistance and leaf quality; mung beans germinate successfully under sunlight after ginkgo leaf harvest, increasing their emergence rate. This coordinated configuration effectively avoids resource competition between different crops and promotes the healthy growth of each crop.

[0021] 4) This invention addresses the issue of idle land previously used for planting yew and dwarf ginkgo trees by planting mung beans to fill the gaps. The staggered heights of the yew, dwarf ginkgo, and mung beans make efficient use of the growing space. The second weeding of the yew and dwarf ginkgo land is also the optimal time to plant mung beans, eliminating the need for dedicated mung bean cultivation and reducing costs. Simultaneously, the growth of mung beans inhibits weed growth. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1:

[0024] Currently, mountain farmland faces a dual contradiction: long-term idle land resources and a single-product structure. On the one hand, when yew trees are planted at a spacing of 2.5m x 2.5m, mature trees reach a height of 2.5m, providing ample understory space but limited sunlight and weak weed control. Under normal conditions, nearly 90% of the understory land remains uncovered by crops throughout the year. On the other hand, although dwarf ginkgo trees are densely planted at 50cm x 50cm and their height is controlled at around 50cm to ensure the quality of their leaves, their medicinal leaves are only harvested once before July 15th, after which they remain in a low-metabolic state for more than six months until early spring of the following year, leaving the land idle again. The combination of these two factors results in annual income per unit area being limited to a dual structure of "long-term income from yew seedlings / branches and leaves + income from dwarf ginkgo leaves in a single season," which neither alleviates the pressure of competition for land between grain, trees, and medicinal herbs nor supports the sustainable operation of mountain agriculture. Especially against the backdrop of a persistently sluggish seedling market, a large number of existing yew and ginkgo bases are facing the risk of operational losses, and there is an urgent need for a composite utilization path that does not change the existing seedling layout, does not increase significant labor input, and can be naturally integrated into the existing agricultural rhythm.

[0025] Driven by the aforementioned technical problems, this embodiment provides a method for intercropping and relay cropping yew with dwarf ginkgo and soybeans (small beans). The method includes planting yew in mountainous farmland, planting dwarf ginkgo between the rows of yew, sowing soybeans, and harvesting dwarf ginkgo leaves. The yew is planted at a spacing of 2.5m × 2.5m; the dwarf ginkgo is planted between the rows of yew at a spacing of 50cm × 50cm, with a plant height of 13cm to 17cm; soybeans are sown from June 26th to July 2nd each year at a rate of 0.9kg / mu to 1.1kg / mu, with a sowing depth of 1cm to 2cm, and the seeds are covered with soil using a weeding machine during sowing; the dwarf ginkgo leaves are harvested from July 5th to 10th each year.

[0026] Yew trees are planted with a spacing of 2.5m × 2.5m. This refers to planting rows along contour lines or downhill in mountainous farmland with a slope of ≤25°. The center points of adjacent yew trees form an orthogonal rectangular grid in an east-west-north-south direction. Both the row spacing and the plant spacing are 2.5m, forming a grid with sides of 2.5m and an area of ​​6.25m². 2 The planting units are arranged in a regular pattern. This layout ensures sufficient nutrient space and ventilation / light penetration for the individual yew trees, while reserving continuous, homogeneous strips of understory space approximately 1.9-2.2m wide below the canopy's vertical projection, providing a basic spatial basis for the synergistic arrangement of dwarf ginkgo and mung bean. The spacing between trees and rows can be flexibly adjusted by ±0.2m according to the micro-topography of the mountainous area. For example, the spacing can be appropriately increased to 2.3m × 2.3m at the edges of local gullies, or widened to 2.7m × 2.7m on steep slopes, which is still within the scope of this embodiment. Alternatively, an asymmetrical rectangular spacing (such as 2.5m × 3m) can be used, as long as the average unit area is maintained at 6.15–7.15m². 2 The interval is such that the connectivity of the open space under the forest is not disrupted, which satisfies the spatial adaptation requirements.

[0027] Dwarf ginkgo seedlings are planted between rows of yew trees at a spacing of 50cm x 50cm, with a plant height of 13cm to 17cm. This means that dwarf ginkgo seedlings or tissue culture seedlings are planted at fixed points in the strip-shaped open space formed between the rows of yew trees, according to a square grid of 50cm in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. The natural height of the seedlings is 13-17cm at the time of planting. After planting, they are not pruned immediately. After they have recovered and unfolded their leaves, the top is lightly pruned uniformly before the first weeding, leaving 2-3 functional leaves at the base of the main stem, so that the height of the above-ground part is stably maintained within the range of 40±1cm. This density design allows for approximately 2243 dwarf ginkgo trees per acre between rows of yew trees, forming a dense ground cover that can still achieve effective photosynthetic accumulation even under the shade of the yew canopy (light transmittance of approximately 55%). The tree height is limited to 50cm, avoiding space competition with seedlings of ginkgo (early growth stage, tree height <5cm) and ensuring a suitable working height for manual harvesting of ginkgo leaves (allowing for easy bending and avoiding excessive fatigue). This tree height parameter can be adaptively adjusted according to altitude and accumulated temperature zone: in high-altitude areas with an average annual temperature below 14℃, 15-17cm is recommended to enhance cold resistance; in low-mountain warm areas with an average annual temperature above 17℃, 13-15cm can be controlled to accelerate branching and germination.

[0028] Sowing mung beans from June 26th to July 2nd annually refers to sowing in mountainous farmland in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and similar climate zones, specifically during the late plum rain season when soil moisture is stable (field holding capacity 65-75%) and the average daily temperature consistently exceeds 22℃. This period coincides with the early physiological maturity stage of dwarf ginkgo trees, at which time the ginkgo leaves are thick, the branches are flexible, and they are more resistant to trampling, able to withstand slight disturbances from sowing operations. Simultaneously, it avoids the concentrated period of heavy rainfall in mid-June and the initial stage of high-temperature stress in early July, ensuring optimal hydrothermal conditions for mung bean seed imbibition and radicle development. This sowing period can be delayed by 3-5 days depending on latitude and altitude, shifting northward or upward, or advanced by 2-3 days, all falling within the timeframe of this example.

[0029] The sowing rate is 0.9 kg / mu to 1.1 kg / mu, which refers to sowing 0.9-1.1 kg of mung bean seeds per mu of effective planting area (excluding areas unsuitable for sowing, such as those occupied by dwarf ginkgo and yew trees) based on net seeds. This corresponds to a sowing density of approximately 18,000-22,000 plants / mu (based on a 100-seed weight of 45-50 grams). This dosage is designed to balance three factors: first, to compensate for the damage to young mung bean seedlings caused by unavoidable manual trampling and mechanical crushing during the harvesting of dwarf ginkgo leaves (estimated loss rate 10-15%); second, to match the weak water retention capacity of mountain soils, avoiding excessive density that intensifies water competition during the seedling stage; and third, to allow space for mung bean branching and pod formation, preventing flower and pod drop due to overcrowding. In areas with high soil fertility or sufficient irrigation, 1.1 kg / mu can be used; in barren slopes or rain-dependent areas, 0.9 kg / mu supplemented with a small amount of well-rotted farmyard manure applied in holes is recommended.

[0030] A soil depth of 1-2 cm refers to the vertical distance between the top of the bean seed and the ground surface after mechanical covering. This depth satisfies the emergent germination characteristics of bean seeds (hypocotyl elongation pushes the cotyledons out of the soil) while avoiding excessive depth leading to seed dehydration and shriveling, or excessive depth causing delayed emergence, weak seedlings, and susceptibility to disease. The depth can be dynamically adjusted according to soil texture: 1.5-2 cm is suitable for sandy loam to retain moisture; 1-1.5 cm is suitable for heavy clay soil to prevent compaction and stagnation; if the surface is covered with 3-5 mm of straw debris, the soil depth can be increased by 0.3-0.5 cm accordingly.

[0031] Using the mechanical soil covering action of weeding operations to sow seeds means that the bean sowing operation is completely integrated into the second weeding process of the year.

[0032] The harvesting of dwarf ginkgo leaves is conducted annually from July 5th to 10th. This involves organizing manual or semi-mechanized harvesting teams within these five days to pick the current year's non-lignified young leaves from the upper part of the dwarf ginkgo plant, using a standard of "one bud and two leaves" or "one bud and three leaves." The harvesting intensity is controlled so that 80-90% of the leaves are picked from each plant, ensuring that 2-3 mature functional leaves are retained at the base to maintain basic photosynthetic capacity. This period is chosen based on phenological observations: at this time, the flavonoids and terpene lactones in ginkgo leaves reach their annual peak, and the leaves are of moderate thickness, good toughness, and low damage rate. Simultaneously, it highly overlaps with the 4th-10th day after soybean sowing (radicle elongation and cotyledon emergence stage), creating a window of light and moisture for the subsequent rapid establishment of soybeans on the ground. Harvesting can be carried out in batches, with the first day's harvest facing east and the second day facing west, avoiding continuous strong direct sunlight on the exposed soil surface which could cause soil compaction.

[0033] A tight temporal-spatial-functional coupling relationship is formed among the various technical characteristics: the rigid framework of 2.5m×2.5m yew constructs a long-term stable three-dimensional spatial framework; the dense planting of dwarf ginkgo at 50cm×50cm and a plant height of 13-17cm fills the middle and lower ecological niches within this framework, and the concentrated leaf harvesting in early July triggers the system state transition; the precise sowing of mung beans from the end of June to the beginning of July, with the help of weeding machinery to cover the soil, achieves zero-cost soil entry, and its germination period is synchronized with the ginkgo leaf harvesting period, forming a positive feedback of "leaf harvesting-light penetration-germination promotion"; and the period of bare ground after leaf harvesting (July 15-25) is the critical period for the unfolding of cotyledons and the emergence of true leaves of mung beans, and sufficient diffused light and improved soil temperature and humidity jointly drive its rapid establishment of colonies. Through the above steps, this embodiment achieves the following: without changing the existing stock layout of yew and dwarf ginkgo seedlings, it activates the year-round production capacity of idle understory space by simply embedding a low-interference, low-cost bean sowing step; it solves the technical problem of less than 50% annual land utilization rate in mountain farmland caused by crop growth period fragmentation and spatial utilization discontinuity; thus achieving multiple technical effects such as increasing the annual yield per unit area from two yuan (yew + ginkgo leaves) to three yuan (yew + ginkgo leaves + bean seeds), while simultaneously reducing the frequency of weeding, reducing irrigation demand, and improving the soil microenvironment.

[0034] Example 2:

[0035] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0036] Yew trees should be planted with asymmetrical rectangular spacing between rows and plants.

[0037] The "asymmetric rectangular plant-row spacing" refers to the planting of yew trees in mountainous farmland where the spacing between adjacent trees in the row direction (i.e., the direction extending along the planting row) is not equal to the spacing in the column direction (i.e., the direction perpendicular to the planting row and pointing towards adjacent rows), and both are arranged in a straight, regular pattern, forming a rectangular grid topology. This rectangular grid is neither a square (i.e., row spacing ≠ plant spacing) nor an arbitrary diagonal or scattered layout, but rather achieves directional optimization of the stand structure by setting differentiated longitudinal and lateral spatial parameters while maintaining overall row and column alignment. Specifically, the row spacing of the asymmetric rectangular plant-row spacing is 2.2m to 3.7m, with options of 2.5m, 3.0m, or 3.5m; the plant spacing is 2.5m to 3.2m, with options of 2.8m, 3.0m, or 3.3m; the absolute value of the difference between the row spacing and the plant spacing is not less than 0.3m to ensure that the unidirectional enhancement effect of optical transparency and airflow channels is manifested. This parameter range covers the different response requirements of typical mountain micro-topography (such as gentle slopes, ridges, and valley edges) for ventilation, light, and soil and water conservation, while also being compatible with the field passage width constraints of conventional ridging, mulching, and mechanized operations.

[0038] As an optional implementation, the asymmetrical rectangular row and plant spacing can be configured as 4.0m row spacing × 2.8m plant spacing, suitable for plots in the southeastern hilly areas where the prevailing summer wind direction is southeast-northwest. In this case, widening the row spacing can form a continuous ventilation corridor along the prevailing wind path, significantly reducing the relative humidity under the forest canopy and inhibiting the occurrence of anthracnose and leaf blight. Another optional implementation is a row spacing of 2.5m × 3.0m plant spacing, suitable for shady and damp plots on the northern slopes of the karst mountains in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. In this case, appropriately compressing the row spacing and extending the plant spacing can enhance the north-south light interception capacity while ensuring the clearance for mechanical passage, and improve the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) flux density of the middle and lower leaves of dwarf ginkgo. In addition, a gradual arrangement of 3.2m row spacing × 3.6m plant spacing can also be adopted - that is, along the contour line, every 3 yew planting units, the row spacing is systematically increased by 0.1m and the plant spacing is decreased by 0.1m, forming a gradually changing gradient structure to adapt to the differences in sunshine duration caused by changes in slope curvature.

[0039] There are clear spatial logical relationships among the various technical characteristics: row spacing determines the physical interval between adjacent planting rows, which directly affects the depth of light penetration and the efficiency of horizontal air exchange in the understory; plant spacing determines the degree of vertical projection overlap between adjacent yew individuals in a single row, thereby regulating the lateral branching space of the canopy and the intensity of root competition; the two work together to shape the microclimate envelope at the yew population scale - when the row spacing is greater than the plant spacing, the forest belt presents a "sparse row, dense plant" pattern, which is conducive to constructing light paths and wind corridors that run through the rows; when the plant spacing is greater than the row spacing, a "dense row, sparse plant" pattern is formed, which focuses more on increasing the biomass carrying capacity per unit row length and enhancing the lateral interception capacity of slope runoff. This layout does not change the biological characteristics of individual yew trees, but through the reconstruction of the population structure, it transforms the heterogeneity of the understory light environment from the original uniform canopy closure state to a patchy distribution with directional gradients. This provides differentiated light intensity zones for dwarf ginkgo trees (such as the central area between rows being a medium light intensity zone and the area near the trees within rows being a low light zone), and creates a more flexible light and temperature window for mung bean seed germination and early seedling establishment.

[0040] Through the above scheme, this invention achieves flexible control of the spatial structure of mountain yew forests: on the one hand, by adjusting the relative relationship between rows and plant spacing, it can adapt to mountain farmland with different slope positions, aspects, and microclimates without increasing engineering investment, while maintaining the original 2.5m benchmark scale; on the other hand, the directional ventilation channels and selective light-receiving zones formed by the asymmetrical rectangular layout effectively alleviate the problems of excessively rapid light decay, long air retention time, and heat and humidity accumulation that are common in the middle and lower layers of the understory under traditional square planting (2.5m×2.5m), thus providing a more controllable habitat foundation for the quality stability of dwarf ginkgo leaves and the uniformity of soybean seedling emergence; finally, without increasing management costs, it improves the adaptability and operational robustness of the composite planting system to complex mountain environments.

[0041] Example 3:

[0042] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0043] Each row is 6.25m long, formed by 2.5m x 2.5m spacing between yew trees. 2 Four dwarf ginkgo trees are regularly arranged in the unit planting area, and the planting location is the intersection of the midpoint of the line connecting the yew trees and its perpendicular bisector.

[0044] Among them, "6.25m formed by 2.5m × 2.5m spacing between yew trees". 2 A "unit planting area" refers to a square area enclosed by four adjacent yew trees, with a side length of 2.5m and an area of ​​6.25m². 2This unit serves as the basic measurement unit for spatial layout, used to uniformly plan the allocation of understory resources and the scale of agronomic operations. The boundary of this unit is determined by the actual planting points of the yew trees, and its geometric definition remains unchanged regardless of slight topographical undulations or local adjustments. In slope practice, the coordinates of the four corner yew trees can be calibrated using GPS positioning stakes or laser rangefinders to ensure that the unit's centroid deviation is ≤±5cm, thus guaranteeing subsequent layout accuracy. In an optional implementation, when the slope is between 8° and 15°, the unit can be slightly rotated along the contour lines (rotation angle ≤3°) to maintain approximately orthogonal relationships on all four sides, balancing soil and water conservation with the needs of mechanical operations.

[0045] The "regular arrangement of four dwarf ginkgo trees" refers to the four dwarf ginkgo trees being centrally symmetrically distributed within a unit, with each tree having a defined geometric constraint on its spatial coordinates. The arrangement process utilizes a modular positioning template—a rigid plastic or aluminum alloy square frame with a side length of 2.5m, containing a cross-shaped graduated guide groove. The intersection of the groove lines is the geometric center of the unit, with four graduated lines corresponding to the east-west, north-south centerlines and two diagonals. After the template is fixed at the base of the four yew trees, four planting points are marked at ±6.25m from the center along the east-west centerline and ±6.25m from the center along the north-south centerline, with an error tolerance of ±2cm. Alternatively, an RTK-GNSS mobile terminal can be used with a preset geofencing program to automatically calculate the coordinates of the four points, and a handheld pneumatic drill can be connected via Bluetooth to precisely locate the planting holes.

[0046] Specifically, the statement "the planting location is at the intersection of the midpoint of the line connecting the two yew trees and their perpendicular bisectors" is explained as follows: The first baseline is the line connecting the two yew trees on the east side of the unit, with its midpoint denoted as P1; the second baseline is the line connecting the two yew trees on the north side of the unit, with its midpoint denoted as P2; the perpendicular bisector L1 of the first baseline is drawn through P1, and the perpendicular bisector L2 of the second baseline is drawn through P2; L1 and L2 intersect at point O, which is the geometric center of the unit; four dwarf ginkgo trees are respectively placed at points O along the positive and negative directions of L1 and L2 – these four points form the vertices of a square with a side length of 1.02m, and the distance from each vertex to the nearest yew tree is 2.0m (i.e., half the diagonal of a 2.5m × 2.5m square). This positioning design ensures that each dwarf ginkgo tree is equidistant from the four adjacent yew trees, preventing excessive shading, root competition imbalance, or nutrient absorption bias caused by proximity to a single yew tree. Simultaneously, it ensures a ≥20cm work gap between the dwarf ginkgo tree canopies (natural spread approximately 30-40cm) to accommodate manual labor or small robotic arms during leaf harvesting. In an optional implementation, if a single yew tree exhibits abnormal growth within a unit (e.g., trunk tilt >15° or root damage), the corresponding dwarf ginkgo tree's position can be shifted 0.1-0.2m towards the unit center along the vertical bisector to dynamically compensate for changes in light gradient. This shift should not exceed 15% of the original coordinates and remains within the reasonable variation range of the "regular layout."

[0047] The synergistic effect of various technical features is as follows: Unit scale (6.25m) 2 The number of trees planted (4 trees) together determined the average footprint of a single dwarf ginkgo tree (2.0m). 2 ), combined with its population density of 50cm×50cm (4 plants / m²) 2 Based on this, the actual planting density can be calculated to be 1.78 plants / m². 2 The planting density was significantly lower than that of pure dwarf ginkgo (4 trees / m²). 2 This provides ample space for the germination of small beans; while the geometric centering positioning mechanism, by forcibly constraining the coordinate relationship of the four points, enables the dwarf ginkgo to form a stable spatial topology within the unit. This structure not only ensures a uniform response to the distribution of light spots under the yew forest (the measured canopy transmittance has a coefficient of variation of <8% at the four points), but also ensures that the irrigation water drip point, the coverage radius of the monitoring node, and the trajectory of the weeding machinery can all form a regular overlapping area between the four points, reducing the management dispersion.

[0048] Through the above steps, this invention achieves the following: while maintaining the main framework of the yew tree, it upgrades the dwarf ginkgo from the traditional "random inter-row replanting" mode to a "unit-based sequential precision control" mode; by adopting a rigid positioning logic based on the geometric midpoint and vertical bisector, it solves the technical problems of accumulated errors caused by manual layout in mountainous conditions, resulting in uneven growth of dwarf ginkgo and low harvesting efficiency in the later stage; it improves the uniformity of the dwarf ginkgo population (the field height variation coefficient is reduced from the conventional 22% to ≤9%), enhances the reproducibility of the mechanized leaf harvesting operation path (the path deviation of three repeated operations within the same unit is ≤3cm), and reserves a continuous exposed micro-domain for the germination of mung bean seeds (four dwarf ginkgo trees surround the central area to form a weak competition zone with a diameter ≥1.25m).

[0049] Example 4:

[0050] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0051] The planting rows of yew trees are arranged along the contour lines.

[0052] Step 1: Arrange the planting rows of yew trees along the contour lines of the terrain;

[0053] The "contour line direction" refers to the direction of a closed or nearly closed horizontal curve connecting lines at the same elevation in mountainous farmland. Essentially, it is the direction of a line connecting lines with zero slope on the terrain. This direction can be determined on-site using a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) combined with GPS-RTK surveying equipment, or manually measured using a traditional leveling instrument and benchmark method. In actual operation, a three-dimensional topographic map can also be generated using UAV aerial surveying, and then the main contour lines can be automatically extracted and planting guide lines generated by agronomic planning software. The planting row direction is strictly parallel to this contour line, allowing a construction error within ±3° to balance the slight undulations of the terrain and the feasibility of mechanized operations. This layout does not change the predetermined 3m×3m row / plant spacing value in claim 1, only adjusting its spatial orientation—that is, the original orthogonal grid is rotated to align with the terrain equipotential lines, so that each row of yew trees extends laterally on a gentle slope rather than longitudinally along the slope.

[0054] The "planting row orientation of yew trees" specifically refers to the geometric extension direction formed by the line connecting two adjacent rows of yew trees, rather than the orientation of a single tree or the direction of the canopy's extension. Its main purpose is to establish a positioning baseline for the entire row of seedlings. This baseline must remain continuous and smooth on a field scale, avoiding frequent bends due to sudden changes in local terrain. A transition arc of no less than 10 meters should be provided at bends to ensure the safe passage of subsequent tending machinery. This row orientation is strongly coupled with the natural topography of mountain farmland and is suitable for hilly terraces, sloping farmland, and land converted from farmland to forest with slopes between 5° and 25°. It is particularly suitable for water and soil erosion-prone areas such as the red soil regions of southern China and the karst mountains of southwestern China.

[0055] The technique of "laying along contour lines" is not simply geographical alignment, but rather reconstructs rainwater runoff paths by altering the spatial topology of planting units. When rainfall occurs, runoff perpendicular to the original downhill direction is transformed into slow lateral flow along the row direction, significantly extending the surface runoff time and promoting more rainwater infiltration. Simultaneously, each row of yew trees and its rhizosphere soil together form a miniature "biological contour ridge," whose ability to intercept rainwater kinetic energy and retain sediment is synergistically enhanced by the increased inter-row vegetation cover (dwarf ginkgo and mung bean). This layout method is deeply integrated with the "mountain farmland" application scenario in claim 1, but does not depend on specific soil types or climate zones. In humid areas with annual precipitation ≥800mm, the focus is on water conservation and erosion control; in seasonally arid areas (such as the dry and hot valleys of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau), the emphasis is on intercepting limited rainfall and reducing ineffective evaporation.

[0056] Through the above-described steps, this invention achieves the following: While maintaining the original row spacing of the yew trees and the planting parameters of the dwarf ginkgo and mung beans, it constructs an ecological planting framework adapted to mountainous terrain simply by adjusting the spatial orientation of the yew tree planting rows. Because the yew tree rows are laid out along contour lines, each row naturally forms a horizontal water-retaining zone, reducing the flow velocity and shear force of rainwater along the slope, thereby alleviating the problem of "soil erosion easily occurring in mountain farmland" mentioned in the background art. Furthermore, the row orientation adjustment enhances surface roughness and infiltration opportunities, improving soil water retention capacity and the stability of water supply in the yew tree root micro-domain, indirectly supporting the rapid recovery of the dwarf ginkgo after leaf harvest and the water requirements of the mung bean during germination. Simultaneously, this layout provides a natural path benchmark for the linear laying of supporting facilities such as irrigation pipelines (claim 5) and soil monitoring nodes (claim 6), improving the overall engineering adaptability of the system. Therefore, it achieves the technical effects of strengthening soil and water conservation efficiency, improving water resource utilization efficiency, and stabilizing the long-term productivity of the composite planting system.

[0057] Example 5:

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0059] Irrigation pipelines are laid along the rows of yew trees at the base of the plants, with low-level water outlets located in the gaps between the trees.

[0060] Irrigation pipelines are closed-loop fluid channels used to transport irrigation water. Materials can include polyethylene (PE) low-pressure water hoses, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) rigid pipes, or biodegradable polymer composite pipes. Pipe diameters range from Φ16mm to Φ25mm, and wall thicknesses from 0.8mm to 1.5mm. They possess resistance to aging, pressure deformation, and root penetration. The internal working pressure ranges from 0.05MPa to 0.15MPa, making them suitable for low-pressure drip irrigation in mountainous micro-topography gravity-fed or small booster pump-driven conditions. The pipeline is not laid independently on the ground surface or buried deep below the cultivated layer. Instead, it is laid continuously along the row direction close to the base of the yew trunk (within 0-5cm of the ground surface), forming a linear water supply framework that is completely in the same direction, of the same length, and at the same distance as the yew planting rows. Its starting end is connected to the water source control unit (such as a water storage tank, filter, and pressure regulating valve group), and its end is equipped with an automatic air vent valve and a drain valve to ensure stable system start-up and shutdown, no air resistance, and no risk of water accumulation and freezing.

[0061] The irrigation pipeline is laid out along the row direction of the yew trees, meaning that the spatial direction of the pipeline is strictly consistent with the direction of the yew planting row, that is, the pipeline axis is parallel to the straight line formed by the line connecting two adjacent rows of yew trees. In actual mountain farmland, this direction can be selected to lay out along the contour lines to minimize the uneven water flow velocity and pressure loss caused by the slope, while avoiding soil erosion caused by downslope erosion. The pipeline is laid symmetrically on one or both sides at the base of each row of yew trees. When laying out on one side, the pipeline is located 30-50cm away from the base of the first yew tree on one side of the row. When laying out on both sides, the pipelines on both sides are symmetrically distributed 15-25cm to the left and right of the center line of the yew row, which enhances the uniformity of coverage of dwarf ginkgo and small bean root areas in different directions within the row.

[0062] The base of the plant refers to the stem area within 0-10cm above the interface between the main stem of the yew and the soil. The pipeline is flexibly fixed by adjustable clamps, elastic clips or pre-embedded U-shaped fixing clamps, which not only ensures that the pipeline will not loosen as the plant grows and moves, but also allows for thermal expansion and contraction of ≥3mm. The fixing point spacing is 1.2-1.8m, avoiding the exposed area of ​​the main root of the yew and the grafting interface to prevent mechanical damage and pathogen invasion.

[0063] A low-level water outlet is provided in the open space between the trees. This refers to a downward-opening water outlet structure set up between two adjacent yew trees and located in the horizontal projection area directly above or slightly offset from the dwarf ginkgo planting strip in the same row. The water outlet is a branch interface integrated into the main body of the irrigation pipeline. Its vertical height is 10-25cm lower than the main axis of the pipeline, and the lower edge of the water outlet is 3-8cm above the ground to ensure that the water flow is released to the shallow ground surface at an approximately vertical or gentle angle (≤15°). The water outlet structure can be selected as: (i) a dripper with a built-in labyrinth flow channel (flow rate 0.8-1.2L / h, working pressure 0.07-0.1MPa), (ii) a micro-sprinkler with a filter screen protective cover (spray radius 0.3-0.5m, atomization angle 90°-120°), or (iii) a detachable permeable ceramic granule nesting device (composed of a porous ceramic ring wrapped with a water-absorbing cotton core to achieve capillary slow release). The water outlets are arranged at equal intervals along the row direction, with a spacing of 1.5-2.0m, that is, one water outlet is set every 0.5-0.67 yew trees, so that each water outlet unit covers a rectangular humid area of ​​about 1.5m×1.5m. This area includes 4 dwarf ginkgo trees arranged according to the rules described in Specific Implementation Method 3 (located at the intersection of the midpoint and the perpendicular bisector of the 2.5m×2.5m yew unit) and the surrounding mung bean sowing strip.

[0064] The synergistic effects of the various technical features are as follows: the irrigation pipeline, laid along the row direction, provides a longitudinal main water supply channel, providing basic moisture support for the deep taproots of the entire row of yew trees (distributed at a depth of 40-80cm); the vertical / gentle slope water release method of the low-positioned outlets allows the water flow to preferentially wet the top 0-15cm of soil under gravity, matching the water demand window of the shallow fibrous roots of dwarf ginkgo (concentrated in the 0-20cm cultivated layer) and the young roots (0-10cm) of mung bean during germination; the outlets are located in the "inter-plant spaces," avoiding the compacted area at the base of the yew trees and the interference area of ​​coarse roots, covering the center of the dwarf ginkgo community and the center of gravity of the mung bean sowing zone, achieving targeted spatial water supply; when When multiple low-level water outlets work together, their moistening fronts spread out in an elliptical pattern in the horizontal direction and overlap with each other, forming a continuous "moistening zone" with moderate lateral overlap along the row direction. This zone is 1.2-1.6m wide, covering the entire dwarf ginkgo planting area between the yew rows (about 2.0m wide, including edge buffers) and the sowing width of mung beans (about 1.5m). Without increasing the cost of additional pipe laying, it simultaneously meets the differentiated root distribution and staged water demand of the three layers of crops - yew relies on the pipeline body for stable water supply, while dwarf ginkgo and mung beans share the shallow and efficient water replenishment from the low-level water outlets, avoiding the deep seepage waste and surface runoff loss caused by traditional flood irrigation.

[0065] Through the above steps, a smart irrigation path with structural, adaptive, and functional zoning is constructed within the mountainous intercropping system: Because the irrigation pipelines are laid along the rows of yew trees and close to the base, the amount of pipeline laying work and the difficulty of adapting to the terrain are significantly reduced, solving the technical problems of pressure imbalance, large differences in water volume at the beginning and end, and inconvenient maintenance caused by slope changes in conventional irrigation systems in mountainous farmland; because low-level water outlets are set in the gaps between trees, water reaches the rhizosphere micro-domains of dwarf ginkgo and soybean trees directly with low kinetic energy and high permeability, reducing water resource losses caused by evaporation, wind erosion, and surface runoff, and increasing the efficiency of water utilization per unit area. The system achieves high bioavailability; due to the coordinated design of the outlet location, height, and flow parameters, it takes into account both the deep water retention needs of yew trees and the shallow, rapid water replenishment needs of dwarf ginkgo and mung bean trees, overcoming the irrigation compatibility problem caused by the overlapping root systems of the three crops but significant differences in water absorption time and depth; ultimately achieving comprehensive technical effects such as water saving of 15%-22%, reduction of irrigation labor by more than 40%, increase of mung bean seedling emergence rate to 92%-96%, and shorten of the new leaf germination cycle of dwarf ginkgo by 5-7 days after leaf harvesting, providing a replicable water conservancy support paradigm for the intensive, ecological, and intelligent management of hilly and mountainous marginal land.

[0066] Example 6:

[0067] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0068] Soil moisture and light intensity monitoring nodes were deployed near each yew tree.

[0069] The term "near each yew tree" refers to the area on the forest floor or in a vertical space 0.3m to 0.6m above the ground, centered on the base of the trunk of a single yew tree. This location avoids direct shading of the light sensor by the dwarf ginkgo canopy and reflects the true moisture and light intensity distribution characteristics of the microenvironment during the germination and seedling stages of the small bean tree. In actual deployment, monitoring nodes can be fixed on a special clip bracket 40cm above the ground on the trunk of the yew tree, or buried in shallow soil 1.0m away from the base of the trunk at a depth of 5cm, and connected to the data collection unit in the row of adjacent yew trees via a flexible waterproof wire. When the slope of the mountain is greater than 15°, the monitoring nodes are preferentially deployed on the east or southeast side of the yew tree to avoid sensor thermal drift caused by direct sunlight at noon, while also taking into account the representativeness of continuous sampling during the morning diffused light and afternoon weak light periods.

[0070] The "soil moisture monitoring" system employs an integrated sensor module based on the frequency domain reflection (FDR) principle. Its probe is 8cm long and 6mm in diameter, consisting of stainless steel electrodes and an epoxy resin encapsulation. It operates at a frequency of 50-100MHz, measuring 0%–55% volumetric water content (VWC) with an accuracy of ±2.5% VWC and a response time ≤2 seconds. The module is embedded in the bottom of the node housing, with the probe inserted vertically into the soil to ensure full contact with the root active layer (0-20cm). Alternatively, a capacitive soil moisture sensor can be used, with a dielectric constant detection range of 1-80. Its calibration curve is adapted to typical red and yellow soil textures, and it features temperature compensation to eliminate measurement deviations caused by diurnal temperature variations in mountainous areas.

[0071] The "light intensity monitoring" employs a silicon photodiode array photosensitive element with a spectral response range of 400-700 nm (i.e., the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) band) and a measurement range of 0-2000 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 Resolution 0.1 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The nonlinear error is ≤±3%, and a cosine corrector is provided to correct the irradiance response deviation under different incident angles. The element is installed on the adjustable tilt bracket at the top of the node, with the initial elevation angle set at 15°, so that the normal direction of its receiving surface is slightly higher than the top of the dwarf ginkgo canopy (about 18cm high), thereby capturing the transmitted light under the forest when the ginkgo leaves are not fully unfolded. After leaf harvesting, the direct / scattered mixed light intensity above the bean canopy is monitored simultaneously. In an optional embodiment, when applied to subalpine areas with frequent cloud and fog, a multispectral sensor with ultraviolet-near-infrared extended band (300-1100nm) is used to simultaneously analyze the effect of changes in light quality composition on the nitrogenase activity of bean and the secondary sprouting of dwarf ginkgo leaves.

[0072] The "monitoring node" is a low-power IoT terminal device with an overall size not exceeding 60mm×40mm×25mm, an IP67 protection rating, and an integrated ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller, LoRaWAN wireless communication module (operating frequency band 470-510MHz), rechargeable lithium titanium battery (nominal capacity 1200mAh, cycle life ≥2000 cycles), and local storage unit (8MB Flash). The node supports a sleep-wake adaptive mechanism: under daylight intensity >100μmol·m -2 ·s -1When soil moisture is greater than 25% VWC, data is actively collected and uploaded at 10-minute intervals; at night or during drought stress (soil moisture < 15% VWC for more than 2 hours), it automatically switches to a 5-minute high-frequency sampling mode and triggers a local LED alarm; all nodes form a star topology through self-organizing network, and the data is aggregated through the LoRa gateways pre-buried in the irrigation pipeline trenches laid in the row direction and then uploaded to the field edge computing server.

[0073] The synergistic effects of the various technical features are as follows: Monitoring nodes are deployed "near each yew tree," not randomly scattered, but rather using the yew tree as a three-dimensional spatial anchor point to construct a distributed microenvironment mapping grid with each tree as a sensing unit. This deployment strategy ensures that the soil moisture monitoring depth highly matches the overlapping area of ​​the shallow fibrous roots (0-15cm) of the yew tree, the lateral roots of the dwarf ginkgo, and the taproot system of the mung bean. Meanwhile, the orientation and height of the light intensity monitoring precisely correspond to the key light interception interface in the vertical stacking relationship of the three crop canopies. The FDR soil sensor and the PAR photosensitive element are co-packaged in the same physical node, ensuring synchronous spatiotemporal acquisition. For example, when a node records a sudden drop in soil moisture to 18% VWC and a simultaneous jump in light intensity to 1500 μmol·m⁻¹, the system can detect the simultaneous increase in soil moisture. -2 ·s -1 When the system determines that the unit is in a critical water stress window due to increased transpiration of bean seedlings after ginkgo leaf harvest, it can then trigger local drip irrigation at the low-level outlet of the irrigation pipeline. Conversely, if multiple adjacent nodes continuously report light intensity <300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 If the soil moisture content is greater than 35% VWC, it indicates that the canopy closure is too high, and it is necessary to assess whether to adjust the pruning frequency of dwarf ginkgo or the sowing density of mung beans.

[0074] Through the above-described steps, this invention achieves refined, gridded, and time-sequential perception of core environmental parameters in the yew-dwarf ginkgo-mung bean composite system. Because the spatial positioning, sensing principles, encapsulation structure, and communication logic of the monitoring nodes are all customized around the unique vertical stratification structure and dynamic coupling characteristics of the growth period characteristic of mountain intercropping, it solves the problem mentioned in the background technology of "lack of real-time monitoring of key environmental factors, making it difficult to achieve refined management." Therefore, it can support irrigation decisions to shift from "extensive execution according to cycles" to "precise response on demand," support harvesting timing to shift from "experience-based judgment" to "physiological indicator-driven," and support field management to shift from "homogeneous intervention across the entire field" to "unit-specific regulation," thereby significantly improving resource utilization efficiency and system operational stability, and providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent integration with intelligent irrigation control systems, growth model prediction modules, and digital twin management platforms.

[0075] Taking five years as an example, 222 yew trees are planted per mu (unit of land area). When transplanted, the yew trees are 2m tall and cost 150 yuan per tree. After 5 years, they are sold for 260 yuan per tree.

[0076] Cost of yew trees: 222 trees × 150 yuan / tree = 33,000 yuan;

[0077] Gross income from yew trees: 222 trees × 260 yuan / tree = 57,720 yuan;

[0078] Annual income = (57720 - 33000) ÷ 5 = 4944 (yuan).

[0079] Planting dwarf ginkgo seedlings per mu

[0080] The number of ginkgo trees is: 1332 - 222 = 1110;

[0081] There was no income in the first year; from the second to the fifth year, an average of 0.5 kg of ginkgo leaves were harvested.

[0082] Its income is 1110 × 0.5 × 4.4 = 2442 (yuan);

[0083] The average annual income over 5 years is 1221 × 4 ÷ 5 = 1953.6 (yuan);

[0084] The price of red beans is 350 × 2.6 = 910 yuan per mu.

[0085] Existing searches revealed that Chinese Patent Application No. CN104041377B (Applicant: Nanjing Sansheng Wanwu Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.; Publication Date: 2015-11-11) (D1) discloses a method for intercropping and relay cropping applicable to desert areas. This method achieves intercropping and relay cropping of Haloxylon ammodendron plants and economic crops under irrigation-free conditions by constructing a protective cover seedling system. It focuses on solving the problems of low benefits of single vegetation and poor survival rate of economic plants in desert areas, forming an ecological-economic collaborative governance model.

[0086] The difference between this application and D1 is that D1 focuses on intercropping systems without irrigation in extremely arid desert environments, relying on physical protective structures (such as protective covers) to ensure seedling survival. This application, however, targets the yew-ginkgo intercropping system in mountain agriculture, where basic planting conditions are already met. It does not require special protective facilities but achieves efficient land use through crop height configuration, staggered growth cycles, and coupled agricultural operations. The technical problem this application solves is the inability to efficiently utilize idle land under existing medicinal / ornamental forests for multi-season harvests, resulting in low land utilization, high labor costs, and significant competition between food and medicinal crops for land. The technical effect achieved is through intercropping small beans between yew and dwarf ginkgo, turning "two harvests into three," significantly increasing yield per unit area, reducing labor costs for fertilization, weeding, and irrigation, and alleviating competition for arable land between medicinal herb cultivation and food crops.

[0087] Patent application (D2) with publication number CN106561259A (applicant: Nantong Jintudi Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd.; publication date not specified, application date 2016-11-21) discloses a method for intercropping dragon fruit. It sets up dragon fruit planting racks and intercropping troughs in a multi-span greenhouse, and combines LED supplemental lighting and winter heating measures to realize facility-based intercropping of dragon fruit and cash crops, emphasizing the supporting role of environmental control in year-round production.

[0088] The difference between this application and D2 is that D2 relies on a closed greenhouse environment and artificial light and temperature control to achieve intercropping, which belongs to a high-input facility agriculture model. In contrast, this application is implemented entirely in open mountain natural conditions, without relying on any energy input or facility construction. It achieves intercropping efficiency enhancement solely through crop variety selection, planting density, phenological period matching, and optimization of agronomic operation timing. The technical problem that this application can solve is that existing intercropping technologies rely too much on facility input, making it difficult to promote and apply in the vast low-input mountain agriculture scenarios. This prevents ordinary farmers from achieving the benefits of compound planting at low cost. The technical effect achieved is to realize triple output of yew (medicinal material), ginkgo leaves (medicinal raw material), and mung beans (grain / green manure) under the premise of zero additional facility input, through natural phenological mismatch and spatial stratification, significantly improving the economic feasibility and sustainability of mountain agriculture.

[0089] Patent application (D3) with publication number CN102986425A (applicant: Qingdao Agricultural University; publication date not specified, application date 2012-11-28) discloses an intercropping and relay cropping model of tea trees and soybeans. By sowing soybeans on the south side of tea seeds and controlling the number of seeds in the holes, the survival rate of tea seedlings and soil fertility can be improved by utilizing the functions of soybeans in promoting emergence, providing shade, suppressing weeds and enriching soil. This model is suitable for the management of young tea gardens in northern regions.

[0090] The difference between this application and D3 is that D3 focuses on the symbiotic relationship between tea seedlings and soybeans, with soybeans assisting tea tree establishment as the core objective, and both grow simultaneously. In this application, however, the dwarf ginkgo and soybeans do not coexist simultaneously. Instead, the soybeans enter their rapid growth period only after the ginkgo leaves are harvested (early July), forming a staggered, relay-style intercropping. Furthermore, the soybeans not only serve to suppress weeds and fertilize the soil but also exist as an independent economic output unit. The technical problem this application solves is that in traditional intercropping models, companion crops only play a supporting role and cannot generate independent income. Moreover, overlapping peak growth periods of crops can easily lead to resource competition, thus reducing the yield of the main crop. The technical effect achieved is through precisely arranging the time window for ginkgo leaf harvesting and soybean sowing, allowing the soybeans to provide microenvironmental regulation and nutrient supplementation during the critical recovery period of ginkgo's water and fertilizer needs, while simultaneously growing into an effective economic product, achieving mutual promotion and win-win results between the main and secondary crops rather than mutual constraint.

[0091] D1 focuses on intercropping systems without irrigation in extremely arid desert environments, relying on physical protective structures (such as protective covers) to ensure seedling survival. This application, however, targets the yew-ginkgo intercropping system in mountain agriculture, which already possesses basic planting conditions. It requires no special protective facilities, achieving efficient land use through crop height configuration, staggered growth cycles, and coupled agricultural operations. It cannot efficiently utilize idle land under existing medicinal / ornamental forests for multi-season harvests, resulting in low land utilization, high labor costs, and significant competition between grain and medicinal resources for land. D2 relies on enclosed greenhouse environments and artificial light and temperature control for intercropping, representing a high-input facility agriculture model. This application, however, is implemented entirely in open mountain natural conditions, without relying on any energy input or facility construction. It achieves intercropping efficiency enhancement solely through crop variety selection, planting density, phenological period matching, and optimization of agronomic operation timing. Existing intercropping technologies overly rely on facility investment, making them difficult to promote and apply in low-input mountain agriculture scenarios, preventing ordinary farmers from achieving low-cost benefits from intercropping. D3 focuses on the symbiotic relationship between tea seedlings and soybeans, with soybeans assisting tea plantation establishment as the core objective, and both growing concurrently. In contrast, the dwarf ginkgo and soybeans in this application do not coexist concurrently. Instead, the soybeans enter their rapid growth period only after the ginkgo leaves are harvested (mid-July), forming a staggered, relay-style intercropping. Furthermore, the soybeans not only serve to suppress weeds and improve fertility but also exist as an independent economic output unit. In traditional intercropping models, companion crops only play a supporting role and cannot generate independent income. Moreover, overlapping peak growth periods of crops can easily lead to resource competition, ultimately reducing the yield of the main crop.

[0092] By intercropping mung bean cultivation between yew and dwarf ginkgo, a "triple harvest" is achieved, significantly increasing yield per unit area, reducing labor costs for fertilization, weeding, and irrigation, and alleviating competition for arable land between medicinal herb cultivation and food crops. With zero additional infrastructure investment, through natural phenological mismatch and spatial stratification, a triple output of yew (medicinal herbs), ginkgo leaves (medicinal raw materials), and mung beans (food / green manure) is achieved, significantly improving the economic feasibility and sustainability of mountain agriculture. By precisely arranging the time windows for ginkgo leaf harvesting and mung bean sowing, the mung beans provide microenvironmental regulation and nutrient supplementation during the critical recovery period of ginkgo's water and fertilizer requirements, while simultaneously growing into an effective economic product, achieving mutual promotion and win-win rather than mutual constraint between primary and secondary crops.

[0093] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for interplanting and intercropping Taxus with dwarf Ginkgo and soybean, comprising planting Taxus in mountain farmland, planting dwarf Ginkgo in the row of Taxus, sowing soybean, and harvesting dwarf Ginkgo leaves, characterized in that: The yew is planted with asymmetric rectangular plant row spacing; the dwarf ginkgo is planted in the row space of the yew with a plant spacing of 50 cm x 50 cm and a plant height of 13 cm to 17 cm; the beans are sowed from June 26 to July 2 every year with a sowing amount of 0.9 kg / mu to 1.1 kg / mu, a soil entering depth of 1 cm to 2 cm, and the seed is made to enter the soil by a mechanical soil covering action of weeding operation; the dwarf ginkgo leaves are harvested from July 5 to 10 every year. ​ 2. The method for interplanting Taxus and dwarf ginkgo with Glycine max in a compound planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yew is planted with asymmetric rectangular plant row spacing.

3. The method for interplanting Taxus and dwarf ginkgo with Glycine max in a compound planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each 6.25 m 2 Four dwarf ginkgo trees are regularly arranged in the unit planting area, and the planting position is located at the intersection of the midpoint of the connecting line between the yew trees and the perpendicular bisector.

4. The method for interplanting Taxus and dwarf ginkgo with Glycine max in a complex planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting row direction of the yew is arranged along the contour direction.

5. The method for interplanting Taxus and dwarf ginkgo with Glycine max in a complex planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An irrigation pipeline is arranged at the base of the yew along the yew row direction and is provided with a low water outlet at the interspace of the plants.

6. The method for interplanting Taxus and dwarf ginkgo with Glycine max in a complex planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil humidity and light intensity monitoring nodes are relatively good near the yew.

7. The method for interplanting Taxus and dwarf ginkgo with Glycine max in a complex planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dwarf ginkgo leaves are reserved with 2 to 3 functional leaves at the base when harvested.

8. The method for interplanting Taxus and dwarf ginkgo with Glycine max in a complex planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The harvesting time of the dwarf ginkgo leaves overlaps with the initial germination of the beans after sowing.