VOCs treatment system and method based on intelligent cooperative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion

Abstract

The invention discloses a VOCs treatment system and method based on intelligent cooperative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion, and relates to the technical field of air pollution abatement, the VOCs treatment system comprises seven modules, an intelligent cooperative control module integrates automatic, manual and parameter setting modes, and dynamically adjusts operation parameters; the adsorption bed module comprises at least two parallel adsorption beds and is provided with a temperature and pressure sensor; the catalytic combustion module comprises a noble metal catalyst, an electric heating device and a heat exchanger; the airflow control module adjusts airflow through a valve and a variable-frequency fan; the safety interlocking module integrates temperature control, fire fighting and alarm functions; the data monitoring and recording module collects and stores operation data and remotely transmits the operation data; and the fault diagnosis reset module supports automatic fault diagnosis and local and remote reset, and realizes accurate collaborative management and control in the whole process. Through multi-mode self-adaptive control and component cooperative operation, the intelligent degree is high, it is guaranteed that the VOCs treatment efficiency is stable, fault treatment is rapid, and the operation and maintenance cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air pollution control technology, and in particular to a VOCs treatment system and method based on intelligent synergistic activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion. Background Technology

[0002] Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the main sources of air pollution. Their emissions not only cause environmental problems such as ozone pollution and PM2.5 exceeding standards, but also pose serious harm to the human respiratory and nervous systems. Therefore, VOCs treatment has become a key task in the field of environmental protection. Activated carbon adsorption-catalytic combustion technology is widely used in industrial VOCs treatment due to its advantages such as high adsorption efficiency, thorough purification, and relatively low energy consumption. Its core principle is to concentrate low-concentration VOCs through activated carbon adsorption, and then introduce high-concentration VOCs into a catalytic combustion furnace for oxidation and decomposition into harmless carbon dioxide and water through thermal desorption.

[0003] However, existing activated carbon adsorption-desorption-catalytic combustion devices still face numerous technical bottlenecks in practical applications. In terms of control mode, most devices employ fixed-sequence control, with key parameters such as desorption time and cooling time preset to fixed values. These cannot be dynamically adjusted based on real-time operating conditions such as inlet VOC concentration, activated carbon adsorption saturation, and ambient temperature. When VOC concentration is high or activated carbon adsorption is near saturation, a fixed desorption time leads to incomplete desorption, with residual VOCs affecting subsequent adsorption efficiency. Conversely, when VOC concentration is low, excessive desorption wastes energy and accelerates activated carbon aging. Furthermore, core components such as the adsorption bed, fan, valves, and catalytic combustion furnace are mostly controlled independently, lacking a global coordination strategy. For example, mismatches between valve opening / closing and fan start / stop sequences during adsorption bed switching can easily lead to airflow disturbances, VOC leakage, and reduced overall treatment efficiency.

[0004] In terms of safety, the desorption process requires heating the activated carbon bed, but existing devices mostly rely on single-point monitoring and simple threshold alarms for temperature control, lacking multi-level protection mechanisms. When the local temperature of the adsorption bed rises abnormally, precise cooling measures cannot be triggered in time, easily leading to overheating and fire of the activated carbon bed, posing a serious safety hazard. Simultaneously, traditional devices rely on manual inspections for fault handling, making it difficult to monitor potential faults such as fan overload, valve jamming, and sensor malfunctions in real time. Fault detection is delayed, and the lack of automatic reset functionality necessitates shutdown and manual repair in case of a fault, severely impacting the continuous and stable operation of the system and increasing maintenance costs and environmental compliance risks. These issues make it difficult for existing devices to balance treatment efficiency, energy consumption control, and operational safety, failing to meet the demands of industrial production for intelligent, efficient, and safe VOCs treatment equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a VOCs treatment system and method based on intelligent synergistic activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion to solve the problems mentioned in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a VOCs treatment system based on intelligent synergistic activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion, comprising the following modules: Intelligent collaborative control module: As the core control unit, it is equipped with a 32-bit microprocessor with a main frequency of ≥1GHz and an adaptive control algorithm. It integrates three operating modes: automatic control, manual control, and parameter setting. It receives operating data from each module in real time and dynamically adjusts key parameters. Each module realizes data interaction and action linkage through the intelligent collaborative control module, forming a closed-loop control of the entire process of adsorption-desorption-catalytic combustion. Activated carbon adsorption bed module: Contains at least two adsorption beds arranged in parallel, wherein the specific surface area of ​​the activated carbon inside the adsorption beds is not less than Temperature and pressure sensors are installed at the top, bottom, and middle of each adsorption bed to monitor the temperature distribution and pressure changes in the bed in real time. Catalytic combustion module: It adopts a platinum-palladium alloy precious metal catalyst, and is equipped with an electric heating device and a waste heat recovery heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is a shell and tube structure to realize the waste heat recovery and utilization of desorption tail gas. The electric heating device controls the catalytic combustion temperature through PID algorithm. The catalytic combustion temperature control range is 250~500℃, and the temperature control error is ≤±2℃. Airflow control module: Includes adsorption fan, desorption fan, cooling fan, and pipeline sealing valve, dry heat valve, and cooling valve. By adjusting the valve opening and fan speed in coordination, it controls the airflow direction, flow rate, and pressure; the variable frequency fan's speed range is 30%~100% of the rated speed, and the flow control error is ≤±3%; Safety interlock module: Integrates three major functions: temperature monitoring, fire protection system, and fault alarm, and establishes a multi-level safety response mechanism. When abnormal parameters are detected, it automatically triggers the corresponding level of early warning and emergency response measures. Data monitoring and recording module: Real-time collection of VOCs concentration in inlet and outlet air, adsorption bed temperature, catalytic combustion temperature, valve opening, fan speed, and heating power operation data to form a complete and traceable data record; Fault diagnosis and reset module: It has automatic fault diagnosis function and supports two reset methods: local operation and remote command.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes an adaptive desorption time calculation module, through... Calculate the optimal desorption time, where For optimal desorption time, The coefficient representing the influence of VOCs concentration. The concentration of VOCs in the intake air. This represents the saturated adsorption concentration of activated carbon. The factor representing the influence of bed temperature is... This represents the current temperature of the adsorption bed. The initial temperature for adsorption. To allow the maximum temperature difference, The gas flow rate influence coefficient. To handle gas flow rate; the saturated adsorption concentration of activated carbon was experimentally determined and pre-stored in the control module; the algorithm was tested with 3 groups of different VOC concentrations ( , , The orthogonal experiments at two temperature groups (25℃ and 40℃) verified that the error between the calculated value and the optimal measured value was ≤ ±5%.

[0008] Furthermore, it includes a safety temperature early warning module, which monitors the temperature of different areas of the adsorption bed in real time through temperature sensors and configures three temperature thresholds: Level 1 is the near-limit of the safe operating temperature of activated carbon, which is 60~70℃; Level 2 is the upper limit of this temperature, which is 80~85℃; and Level 3 is the critical value of over-temperature danger, which is 90~95℃. When the Level 1 threshold is triggered, the cooling fan and cooling valve are automatically activated to increase the supply of cold air; when the Level 2 threshold is triggered, an audible and visual alarm is triggered and the power supply to the desorption heating device is cut off; when the Level 3 threshold is triggered, the fire protection system is activated to spray fire water to cool down the adsorption bed (the spray range covers the entire adsorption bed).

[0009] Furthermore, the airflow control module is also equipped with a timing coordination control unit, which sets the action sequence for the adsorption bed switching process. First, the inlet sealing valve and outlet sealing valve of the adsorption bed to be switched are closed, and the delay time is set to 3-5 seconds according to the start-stop characteristics of the fan and the inertia of the pipeline airflow. Then, the corresponding adsorption fan is turned off, and at the same time, the inlet sealing valve and outlet sealing valve of the other adsorption bed are slowly opened. After the airflow parameters in the pipeline are stable (stable airflow parameters mean that the pipeline pressure fluctuation is ≤±0.5kPa and the flow fluctuation is ≤±5%), all associated valves of the original adsorption bed are completely closed.

[0010] Furthermore, the data monitoring and recording module adopts a distributed storage architecture, which is a dual storage mode of local server + cloud backup. It supports off-site data backup and redundant storage, and stores the collected operational data according to the time dimension. At the same time, it uploads real-time data to the remote monitoring platform through the IoT module. The data retention period is set to more than 1 year, and it supports historical data query, export and trend analysis.

[0011] Furthermore, the catalytic combustion module is also equipped with a waste heat recovery optimization unit. Both the tube side and shell side of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger are equipped with baffles to enhance the heat exchange effect. High-temperature combustion exhaust gas is introduced into the tube side, and desorption exhaust gas to be heated is introduced into the shell side. The effective heat exchange area is controlled by adjusting the opening of the inlet and outlet valves of the heat exchanger. Combined with the feedback adjustment of the temperature sensor, the preheating temperature of the desorption exhaust gas is controlled to 200-250℃ (temperature control error ≤ ±2℃) before entering the catalytic combustion furnace.

[0012] Furthermore, the fault diagnosis and reset module also includes a fault classification and processing unit, which classifies faults into three levels: minor faults, general faults, and severe faults. Minor faults include sensor data fluctuations and slight fan overloads; general faults include valve jamming and abnormal heating device power; and severe faults include adsorption bed overheating and catalytic combustion furnace shutdown. Minor faults are only recorded and maintenance personnel are prompted to handle them periodically. General faults trigger alarms and automatically attempt local resets; if the reset fails, the alarm continues. Severe faults immediately stop the relevant operating units, cut off dangerous operating conditions, and wait for manual intervention or remote reset, while pushing the fault information to the operation and maintenance terminal.

[0013] Furthermore, the method based on the intelligent synergistic activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion VOCs treatment system includes the following steps: VOCs pretreatment steps: Remove particulate impurities from the exhaust gas through the filter device in the intake pipe. The filter device adopts a composite structure of metal wire mesh and activated carbon fiber, and the particulate removal efficiency is not less than 95%. At the same time, the exhaust gas temperature is controlled within the adsorption range of 20-40℃ through the temperature regulation device. Adsorption bed switching control steps: Based on the saturation level and running time of the adsorption bed, combined with the real-time collected bed pressure and VOCs inlet and outlet concentration data, the valves and fans are controlled in a coordinated manner according to the preset timing sequence. The switching is completed after the airflow parameters in the pipeline stabilize (stable airflow parameters mean pipeline pressure fluctuation ≤ ±0.5kPa and flow fluctuation ≤ ±5%), so as to achieve a smooth switching between adsorption beds. Dynamic desorption control steps: Based on real-time collected data on VOCs concentration, adsorption bed temperature, and activated carbon adsorption saturation, the optimal desorption time is calculated through an adaptive algorithm. The desorption fan and heating device are started, and the VOCs adsorbed by the activated carbon are desorbed by the hot airflow. The desorbed high-concentration VOCs airflow is then guided into the catalytic combustion module through a pipeline. Catalytic combustion treatment steps: The desorbed high-concentration VOCs gas flow is preheated through a heat exchanger until it reaches the catalyst activation temperature, and then sent into the catalytic combustion furnace. Under the action of the precious metal catalyst, an oxidation reaction occurs to generate carbon dioxide and water. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated by combustion recovers heat through a heat exchanger to preheat the desorbed gas flow. Safety monitoring and emergency response steps: The system operating parameters are monitored in real time through sensors. When a fault occurs, the corresponding level of early warning and emergency measures are triggered according to the preset logic. Data logging and fault diagnosis steps: Continuously record system operation data, automatically identify fault types and locations through built-in algorithms, generate fault reports and push them to relevant terminals, and support local or remote reset operations.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a dynamic adjustment step for cooling time, through... Calculate the optimal cooldown time, where For optimal cooling time, The desorption heat load influence coefficient is... The temperature at which additional heat is removed. To compensate for the cold air volume, The power influence coefficient of the wind turbine. To compensate for the actual power of the air cooler, To compensate for the rated power of the air cooler, The base cooling time is used; the supplementary cooling air volume is adjusted by the speed of the supplementary cooling fan, which can be adjusted from 30% to 100% of the rated speed to match the cooling demand in real time.

[0015] Furthermore, it includes remote operation and maintenance and parameter optimization steps. The remote monitoring platform receives system operation data in real time, and operation and maintenance personnel can view the equipment operating status, modify operating parameters, and receive fault alarms through the platform. Remote reset is achieved through the IoT module, supporting 4G / 5G or Ethernet communication. The system regularly analyzes historical operating data to generate operation reports. Based on the reports, combined with statistical analysis and machine learning algorithms, the operating range of parameters is optimized. At the same time, fault diagnosis algorithms and emergency response procedures are optimized for fault types. The VOCs removal rate fluctuation of the system is ≤±1% and the equipment failure rate is ≤0.5 times / month after 3 months of continuous operation.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are: In terms of intelligence and energy efficiency, the multi-mode adaptive operation control system breaks through the limitations of traditional fixed-sequence control. By collecting multi-dimensional data such as VOCs concentration, adsorption bed temperature, and activated carbon saturation state in real time, it dynamically adjusts key parameters such as desorption time and cooling time to achieve "on-demand control." This design ensures that the system always operates under optimal conditions, avoiding both the decrease in treatment efficiency caused by incomplete desorption and the energy waste caused by excessive desorption. At the same time, it effectively extends the service life of activated carbon, reduces the cost of consumable replacement, and significantly improves energy saving and operational economy.

[0017] In terms of safety protection, a multi-level active protection system is constructed based on the temperature control and fire protection integrated system with safety interlocks. Through multi-point temperature monitoring and graded threshold response mechanism, emergency measures such as supplemental cooling, cutting off heating power, and linkage with fire protection system are precisely triggered for different temperature anomalies, curbing the risk of overheating and fire in the activated carbon bed from the source, significantly improving the system's safety level, and providing a solid safety guarantee for industrial site operation.

[0018] In terms of operational efficiency and stability, the precise coordinated control strategy of the adsorption / desorption process achieves global coordination among all components. By optimizing the timing of valve and fan actions during adsorption bed switching, smooth airflow switching is ensured, reducing VOC leakage and fluctuations in treatment efficiency, guaranteeing continuous and efficient VOC purification, and ensuring more compliant emissions. Simultaneously, real-time data acquisition and recording throughout the system operation provide comprehensive data support for process optimization, further improving the stability of treatment efficiency.

[0019] In terms of ease of operation and maintenance, the monitoring system, equipped with self-diagnosis and remote reset functions, enables real-time early warning, precise location, and rapid handling of faults. Eliminating the need for manual inspections, the system automatically identifies common faults such as fan overload and valve jamming, generating detailed fault reports and pushing them to the maintenance terminal. It supports both local and remote reset operations, reducing unplanned downtime and lowering maintenance intensity and costs. Remote monitoring and parameter optimization functions further enhance operational efficiency and improve the overall equipment management level.

[0020] Furthermore, the system's modules are compactly designed and work seamlessly together, adapting to the VOCs treatment needs of different industries and operating conditions, thus having a wide range of applications. Overall, this invention achieves high efficiency, energy saving, safety, and intelligence in VOCs treatment through intelligent collaborative control, multi-level safety protection, efficient collaborative operation, and convenient maintenance design. It provides industrial enterprises with a treatment solution that meets environmental protection requirements and economic benefits, promoting the upgrading and development of air pollution control technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of the VOCs treatment system based on intelligent synergistic activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion proposed in this invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of the VOCs treatment method based on intelligent synergistic activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 3 Line graph comparing unit treatment energy consumption under different VOCs concentrations;

[0024] Figure 4 Bar chart comparing the adaptability of desorption time under different activated carbon saturation levels;

[0025] Figure 5 A bar chart comparing processing times for different fault types. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 5 A VOCs treatment system based on intelligent synergistic activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion includes the following modules: Intelligent collaborative control module: As the core control unit, it is equipped with a 32-bit microprocessor with a main frequency of ≥1GHz and an adaptive control algorithm. It integrates three operating modes: automatic control, manual control, and parameter setting. It receives operating data from each module in real time and dynamically adjusts key parameters such as desorption time, cooling time, and heating power. Each module only needs to exchange key data (such as temperature and pressure, VOCs concentration, and equipment status signals) and control commands through this module. There is no redundant data transmission, which realizes precise collaborative management and control of the entire process. Activated carbon adsorption bed module: It contains at least two adsorption beds arranged in parallel, with built-in high specific surface area honeycomb activated carbon packing with a specific surface area of ​​not less than 1000m² / g. Temperature sensors and pressure sensors are installed at the top, bottom and middle of each adsorption bed to monitor the temperature distribution and pressure changes of the bed in real time. The adsorption and desorption conditions can be switched alternately according to preset logic or real-time operating conditions. Catalytic combustion module: It adopts a platinum-palladium alloy precious metal catalyst, and is equipped with an electric heating device and a waste heat recovery heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has a shell and tube structure, and both the tube side and the shell side of the heat exchanger are equipped with baffles to enhance the heat exchange effect and realize the waste heat recovery and utilization of the desorption tail gas. The electric heating device uses a PID algorithm to precisely control the catalytic combustion temperature, with a control range of 250~500℃ and a temperature control error of ≤±2℃, to ensure that VOCs are fully oxidized and decomposed. The airflow control module includes an adsorption fan, a desorption fan, and a cooling fan (all frequency converters, with a speed range of 30%~100% of rated speed and a flow control error ≤±3%), as well as multiple pipeline sealing valves, dry heat valves, and cooling valves. By adjusting the valve openings in coordination with the fan speed, it precisely controls the airflow direction, flow rate, and pressure. A timing coordination control unit is configured to precisely control the action sequence during the adsorption bed switching process: first, the inlet and outlet sealing valves of the adsorption bed to be switched are closed. The delay time is set to 3-5 seconds based on the fan start-stop characteristics (e.g., 2-3 seconds for the fan to stop to zero speed) and the inertia of the pipeline airflow (e.g., 1-2 seconds for airflow to stagnate in a DN300 pipeline). After a few seconds, shut down the corresponding adsorption fan and slowly open the inlet and outlet sealing valves of the other adsorption bed, gradually increasing the speed of its adsorption fan. Once the airflow parameters in the pipeline are stable (pressure fluctuation ≤ ±0.5 kPa, flow fluctuation ≤ ±5%), completely close all associated valves of the original adsorption bed to keep the airflow stable during the switching process and reduce VOCs leakage and treatment efficiency fluctuations.

[0030] Safety interlock module: Integrates three major functions: temperature monitoring, fire protection system, and fault alarm, and establishes a multi-level safety response mechanism. The fire protection system adopts a sprinkler structure, and the sprinkler range covers the entire adsorption bed. When abnormal parameters are detected, the corresponding level of early warning and emergency response measures are automatically triggered. The data monitoring and recording module collects real-time operational data such as inlet and outlet VOCs concentration, adsorption bed temperature, catalytic combustion temperature, valve opening, fan speed, and heating power, forming a complete and traceable data record. It employs a dual-storage mode of local server + cloud backup to achieve a distributed storage architecture, supporting off-site data backup and redundant storage. The collected operational data is categorized and stored according to time (storage content includes parameter collection time, specific values, equipment operating status, fault information, and operation records). The data retention period is set to 1-3 years, supporting historical data query, export, and trend analysis, providing comprehensive data support for equipment operation and maintenance and process optimization.

[0031] The fault diagnosis and reset module features automatic diagnosis of common faults such as fan overload, valve jamming, sensor malfunction, and heating device failure. Faults are categorized into three levels: minor (sensor data fluctuations, slight fan overload), general (valve jamming, abnormal heating device power), and severe (adsorption bed overheating, catalytic combustion furnace shutdown), with corresponding trigger logic. It supports both local operation and remote command reset methods. Remote reset is achieved through an IoT module, supporting 4G / 5G or Ethernet communication to ensure continuous and stable system operation. When fault information is pushed to the maintenance terminal, it simultaneously includes the fault location, occurrence time, and suggested solutions for rapid identification and resolution.

[0032] This invention also includes an adaptive desorption time calculation module, which calculates the time by... Calculate the optimal desorption time, where The optimal desorption time, in minutes. The coefficient representing the influence of VOCs concentration ranges from 0.8 to 1.2. The concentration of VOCs in the intake air, in units of , This represents the saturated adsorption concentration of activated carbon, in mg / g. The factor representing the influence of bed temperature is 0.5-0.9. The current temperature of the adsorption bed is expressed in °C. The initial adsorption temperature is expressed in °C. Maximum allowable temperature difference, in °C. The gas flow rate influence coefficient, with a value ranging from 0.3 to 0.6, To handle gas flow rate, unit ; After 3 groups of different VOCs concentrations ( , , The algorithm was verified by orthogonal experiments at two sets of temperatures (25℃ and 40℃). The error between the calculated value and the optimal measured value was ≤±5%, which can accurately match the desorption process with the real-time operating conditions, eliminate incomplete desorption and over-desorption, reduce system energy consumption and extend the service life of activated carbon.

[0033] This invention also includes a safety temperature early warning module, which monitors the temperature of different areas of the adsorption bed in real time through temperature sensors and configures three-level temperature thresholds. The first-level threshold is 60~70℃ (close to the lower limit of the safe operating temperature of activated carbon; for example, if the lower limit of the safe operating temperature of activated carbon is 65℃, the first-level threshold is set to 60~65℃), the second-level threshold is 80~85℃ (the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of activated carbon), and the third-level threshold is 90~95℃ (the critical value for overheating). When the local temperature reaches the first-level threshold, the cooling fan and cooling valve are automatically activated to increase the supply of cold air. When the temperature reaches the second-level threshold, an audible and visual alarm is triggered and the power supply to the desorption heating device is cut off. When the temperature reaches the third-level threshold, the fire protection system is directly linked to spray fire water onto the adsorption bed to cool it down, thus constructing a multi-level active safety protection system to eliminate the risk of overheating and fire in the adsorption bed from the source.

[0034] In this invention, the airflow control module is also equipped with a timing coordination control unit to formulate a precise action sequence for the adsorption bed switching process. First, the inlet sealing valve and outlet sealing valve of the adsorption bed to be switched are closed, and the delay time is set to 3-5 seconds according to the start-stop characteristics of the fan and the inertia of the pipeline airflow. Then, the corresponding adsorption fan is turned off, and at the same time, the inlet sealing valve and outlet sealing valve of the other adsorption bed are slowly opened, and its adsorption fan speed is gradually increased. After the airflow parameters in the pipeline are stable, all associated valves of the original adsorption bed are completely closed, so that the airflow remains stable during the switching process, reducing VOCs leakage and fluctuations in treatment efficiency.

[0035] In this invention, the data monitoring and recording module adopts a distributed storage architecture, supporting off-site data backup and redundant storage. The collected operational data is classified and stored according to the time dimension, and real-time data is uploaded to the remote monitoring platform through the Internet of Things module. The stored data includes complete content such as parameter acquisition time, specific values, equipment operating status, fault information, and operation records. The data retention period is set to more than one year, and it supports historical data query, export, and trend analysis, providing comprehensive data support for equipment operation and maintenance and process optimization.

[0036] In this invention, the catalytic combustion module is also equipped with a waste heat recovery optimization unit. Both the tube side and shell side of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger are equipped with guide plates to enhance the heat exchange effect. High-temperature combustion exhaust gas is introduced into the tube side, and desorption exhaust gas to be heated is introduced into the shell side. By adjusting the opening of the inlet and outlet valves of the heat exchanger, the effective heat exchange area is controlled. Combined with the feedback adjustment of the temperature sensor, the preheating temperature of the desorption exhaust gas is precisely controlled to 200-250℃ (temperature control error ≤ ±2℃) before entering the catalytic combustion furnace. This fully utilizes the combustion waste heat to reduce the energy consumption of the electric heating device and improve the energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0037] In this invention, the fault diagnosis and reset module also includes a fault classification and processing unit, which classifies faults into three levels: minor faults, general faults, and serious faults. Minor faults include sensor data fluctuations and slight fan overloads; general faults include valve jamming and abnormal heating device power; and serious faults include adsorption bed overheating and catalytic combustion furnace shutdown. Minor faults are only recorded and maintenance personnel are prompted to handle them periodically. General faults trigger alarms and automatically attempt local resets; if the reset fails, the alarm continues. Serious faults immediately stop the relevant operating units, cut off dangerous operating conditions, and wait for manual intervention or remote reset. At the same time, information such as fault codes, fault occurrence time, fault location, and fault cause analysis is pushed to the operation and maintenance terminal for quick location and handling.

[0038] This invention includes the following steps: VOCs pretreatment steps: Remove particulate impurities from the exhaust gas through the filter device in the intake pipe. The filter device adopts a composite structure of metal wire mesh and activated carbon fiber, and the particulate removal efficiency is not less than 95%. At the same time, the exhaust gas temperature is controlled within the suitable adsorption range of 20-40℃ through the temperature regulation device. Adsorption bed switching control steps: Based on the saturation level and running time of the adsorption bed, combined with the real-time collected bed pressure and VOCs inlet and outlet concentration data, the valves and fans are controlled in a coordinated manner according to the preset timing sequence to achieve smooth switching between adsorption beds and ensure that the adsorption process is continuous and uninterrupted. Dynamic desorption control steps: Based on real-time collected data such as VOCs concentration, adsorption bed temperature, and activated carbon adsorption saturation, the optimal desorption time is calculated through an adaptive algorithm. The desorption fan and heating device are started, and the VOCs adsorbed by the activated carbon are desorbed by the hot airflow. The desorbed high-concentration VOCs airflow is guided into the catalytic combustion module through a pipeline. Catalytic combustion treatment steps: The desorbed high-concentration VOCs gas flow is preheated through a heat exchanger until it reaches the catalyst activation temperature, and then sent into the catalytic combustion furnace. Under the action of the precious metal catalyst, an oxidation reaction occurs to generate carbon dioxide and water. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated by combustion recovers heat through a heat exchanger to preheat the desorbed gas flow. The safety monitoring and emergency response procedures monitor the system's operating parameters in real time through sensors. When abnormal temperature, excessive concentration, equipment failure, or other situations occur, the corresponding level of early warning and emergency measures are triggered according to preset logic. Data logging and fault diagnosis steps: Continuously record system operation data, automatically identify fault types and locations through built-in algorithms, generate fault reports and push them to relevant terminals, and support local or remote reset operations.

[0039] This invention also includes a step for dynamically adjusting the cooling time, through... Calculate the optimal cooldown time, where The optimal cooling time, in minutes. The desorption heat load influence coefficient is taken as 0.6-1.0. The temperature at which additional heat is removed is expressed in °C. To compensate for the cold air volume, the unit , The value is the influence coefficient of wind turbine power, ranging from 0.4 to 0.7. To compensate for the actual power of the air cooler, the unit is kW. The rated power of the air cooler is expressed in kW. The base cooling time is measured in minutes and ranges from 5 to 10. The speed adjustment range of the supplementary cooling fan is 30% to 100% of the rated speed. By adjusting the speed, the supplementary cooling air volume is controlled to match the cooling demand in real time, so that the adsorption bed is cooled to the suitable adsorption temperature of 20-40℃ before being put into use, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency and extending the service life of activated carbon.

[0040] This invention also includes remote operation and maintenance and parameter optimization steps. The remote monitoring platform receives system operation data in real time, and operation and maintenance personnel can view the equipment operation status, modify operation parameters, and receive fault alarms through the platform. The system regularly analyzes historical operation data to generate operation reports. Based on the reports, combined with statistical analysis and machine learning algorithms, the optimal operating range of parameters such as adsorption temperature, desorption temperature, fan speed, and valve opening is optimized. At the same time, the fault diagnosis algorithm and emergency response process are optimized for frequently occurring fault types to ensure that the VOCs removal rate fluctuation is ≤±1% and the equipment failure rate is ≤0.5 times / month for 3 consecutive months of system operation, thereby continuously improving the system's operating efficiency and stability.

[0041] The following two examples further illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention: Example 1 Applications of high-concentration VOCs treatment in the chemical industry This embodiment addresses the VOCs treatment scenario of benzene series compounds (toluene, xylene) in the chemical industry, where the inlet gas concentration is stabilized at... Air volume processing The operating environment is 24-hour continuous operation, and the core requirements are thorough desorption, safety and stability, and energy efficiency. Traditional fixed-sequence control devices suffer from incomplete desorption (residual VOCs ≥ 15 mg / g), high energy consumption (energy consumption per unit processing area 12.5 kWh / kg), and overheating risks (accident rate 3.6%) due to the fixed desorption time (e.g., fixed 10 minutes). The system of this invention solves the above problems through adaptive collaborative control.

[0042] I. Preliminary Preparations and System Deployment 1. System component configuration The following describes the control variables compared with the traditional device: In this embodiment, the comparison experiment with the traditional fixed timing control device is completely identical in terms of hardware configuration and operating parameters, except for the control mode (adaptive cooperative control in this invention, and fixed timing in the traditional device), to ensure the validity of the comparison data.

[0043] Intelligent collaborative control module: Equipped with a 32-bit microprocessor with a main frequency of ≥1GHz, it integrates automatic / manual / parameter setting modes, has a built-in desorption time adaptive algorithm and fault classification processing program, and supports minimal data interaction with each module, transmitting only core parameters such as temperature, pressure and concentration. Activated carbon adsorption bed module: Three adsorption beds are connected in parallel, each with a volume of [volume missing]. Built-in specific surface area ≥ The honeycomb activated carbon has one temperature sensor and one pressure sensor installed at the top, bottom and middle of each bed. The temperature sensor has an accuracy of ±0.5℃ and the pressure sensor has an accuracy of ±0.1kPa. Catalytic combustion module: Utilizes a platinum-palladium alloy noble metal catalyst, with a loading capacity of... It is equipped with a 30kW electric heating unit and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, with a heat exchanger heat exchange area of ​​[missing information]. Both the tube side and the shell side are equipped with baffles, and the electric heating device controls the temperature through a PID algorithm with an error of ≤±2℃; Airflow control module: includes 2 adsorption fans, 1 desorption fan, and 1 cooling fan, all of which are frequency converter controlled with a speed range of 30%-100%. It is equipped with 12 electrically adjustable sealing valves, and the flow control error is ≤±3%. Safety interlock module: integrates temperature monitoring, sprinkler fire protection system and audible and visual alarm device. Temperature monitoring is set at 5 monitoring points throughout the adsorption bed area, and the sprinkler fire protection system can cover the entire adsorption bed area; Data monitoring and recording module: It adopts a dual storage mode combining local server and cloud backup, and is equipped with an online VOCs monitor with an accuracy of ±2% and a data retention period of 1.5 years; Fault diagnosis and reset module: Supports local touch screen and remote APP control. Remote reset is achieved through 4G communication. The fault classification standard is clear: minor faults are sensor data fluctuations within ±5%, general faults are valve jamming response delay >3s, and serious faults are adsorption bed temperature ≥90℃.

[0044] 2. Core parameter settings Adaptive calculation module for desorption time: , , Csat = 200 mg / g, this value was pre-stored after experimental determination, ΔTmax = 50℃; the algorithm was verified by 3 sets of orthogonal experiments at VOCs concentrations of , , Under operating conditions of 25℃ and 40℃, the error between the calculated value and the optimal measured value is ≤±4.2%; Cooling time dynamic adjustment module: , , The rated power of the supplemental cooling fan is 30kW; Safety temperature warning module: The three thresholds are set as follows: Level 1 65℃ (close to the lower safety limit of activated carbon 70℃), Level 2 82℃ (the upper safety limit of activated carbon), and Level 3 92℃ (the critical value of over-temperature). Catalytic combustion parameters: Temperature control range is 280℃, error ≤ ±2℃; preheating temperature of desorption tail gas at heat exchanger outlet is 220-240℃, error ≤ ±2℃.

[0045] II. System Operation Process 1. Adsorption stage After system startup, it enters automatic mode, with two adsorption beds performing adsorption operations and one adsorption bed in standby mode. VOCs waste gas undergoes pretreatment (using a composite filter of metal wire mesh and activated carbon fiber), achieving a particulate matter removal rate of 96%. The gas is then introduced into the adsorption beds by an adsorption fan at an airflow velocity of 0.8 m / s, with the variable frequency fan operating at 80% of its rated speed. A data monitoring and recording module collects data in real time, including the inlet VOCs concentration. The adsorption bed temperature was 25℃ and the bed pressure was 12kPa. Data was uploaded to a remote platform via an IoT module at a frequency of once per second, with no redundant data. The intelligent collaborative control module only analyzed two core data points: changes in bed pressure and the difference in VOCs inlet and outlet concentrations, to determine the activated carbon adsorption saturation.

[0046] 2. Dynamic desorption and waste heat recovery After 8 hours of operation, the VOCs concentration at the adsorption bed outlet was monitored to have risen to [a certain level]. With a bed temperature of 35℃, the intelligent collaborative control module calculates the optimal desorption time using a formula: ; Desorption execution: First, close the inlet and outlet gas sealing valves of the adsorption bed to be switched, and delay for 4 seconds. This delay time matches the start-stop characteristics of the fan and the inertia of the pipeline airflow. Then, turn off the adsorption fan, and then start the desorption fan and dry heat valve. The electric heating device heats the desorption airflow to 280℃, with an error of ±1.5℃. Waste heat utilization: The temperature of the catalytic combustion exhaust gas is 380℃. After passing through the shell and tube heat exchanger, the guide plate enhances the heat exchange and preheats the desorbed gas flow to 230℃ with an error of ±1℃. The waste heat utilization rate reaches 82%, which reduces the electric heating load by 60% compared with the traditional device (waste heat utilization rate of 45%).

[0047] 3. Adsorption bed switching and safety control Simultaneously with the desorption start-up, the standby adsorption bed is switched on and put into operation according to a preset sequence: first, the inlet and outlet gas sealing valves of the standby adsorption bed are slowly opened, and it takes 3 seconds for the opening to increase from 0 to 100%. At the same time, the adsorption fan is started, and the speed is increased from 0 to 80% of the rated value. When the pipeline pressure fluctuation is ≤ ±0.4 kPa and the flow fluctuation is ≤ ±3%, which is the judgment standard for stable airflow, all valves of the original adsorption bed are completely closed. There is no VOCs leakage during the switching process, and the leakage concentration is <0.05%.

[0048] After 3 minutes of desorption operation, the temperature in the middle of the adsorption bed was monitored to rise to 66℃, reaching the first-level threshold. The safety interlock module automatically started the supplementary cooling fan, with the fan speed at 60% of its rated value and the supplementary cooling air volume at [missing value]. Within 1 minute, the bed temperature dropped to 55°C; during the entire operation, the secondary and tertiary thresholds were not triggered.

[0049] Three-Effect Verification The following is a comparison of the performance of high-concentration VOCs treatment in the chemical industry. Table 1 clearly shows the differences between the system of this invention and traditional devices.

[0050] ; Table 1 clearly demonstrates the advantages of this invention in high-concentration VOCs treatment scenarios in the chemical industry: energy consumption per unit of VOCs treatment decreased from 12.5 kWh / kg to 7.2 kWh / kg, a reduction of over 40%, mainly due to the adaptive desorption algorithm reducing excessive desorption energy consumption and improving waste heat recovery efficiency; desorbed residual VOCs decreased from 15.8 mg / g to 3.2 mg / g, indicating that dynamic desorption can accurately match high-concentration operating conditions and avoid incomplete desorption; the accident rate was reduced to zero, thanks to the coordinated protection of three-level temperature warning and all-area sprinkler fire protection; the activated carbon replacement cycle was extended from 6 months to 14 months, reducing consumable costs, as dynamic desorption avoids overheating and aging of activated carbon; the continuous operation failure rate decreased from 8.2% to 1.1%, which is due to the fault classification and automatic reset function, significantly reducing the risk of unplanned downtime. In addition, after three months of continuous operation, the VOCs removal rate remained within ±0.8% (average 98.7%), the equipment failure rate was only 0.3 times / month (13.4% of that of traditional equipment), and there were no safety hazards such as overheating or leakage, fully meeting the environmental protection and safety requirements for continuous production in the chemical industry.

[0051] Example 2 Application of low-concentration fluctuating VOCs treatment in the coating industry This embodiment addresses the VOCs (acetone, ethyl acetate) treatment scenario in the automotive painting industry, where the inlet gas concentration fluctuates significantly, ranging from 100-500 mg / m³. The operation is intermittent, running for 16 hours daily. The core requirements are adaptability to operating conditions, stability of treatment efficiency, and ease of maintenance. Traditional equipment suffers from inefficient control, resulting in excessive desorption at low concentrations (increasing energy consumption by 30%) and incomplete desorption at high concentrations (removal rate fluctuations of ±5.2%). Furthermore, troubleshooting relies on manual intervention (downtime of 4.5 hours / month). This invention solves these problems through dynamic adjustment and remote maintenance.

[0052] I. Preliminary Preparations and System Deployment 1. System component configuration Activated carbon adsorption bed module: Two adsorption beds are connected in parallel, each with a volume of [volume missing]. Built-in specific surface area ≥ The columnar activated carbon is equipped with three temperature and pressure sensors in each bed to achieve full-area monitoring; Catalytic combustion module: Utilizes a platinum-palladium alloy noble metal catalyst; the original description of platinum-rhodium alloy has been revised to maintain consistency with the claims; the catalyst loading amount is... It is equipped with a 20kW electric heating device and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a heat exchange area of ​​15m². Both the tube side and the shell side are equipped with baffles. Airflow control module: The variable frequency fan speed regulation range is 30%-100%, equipped with 8 electric sealing valves, and the flow control error is ≤±3%; Fault diagnosis and reset module: Supports remote PC control via Ethernet communication. The fault handling logic is clear: minor faults are only recorded, general faults are automatically reset, and serious faults are shut down and information is pushed.

[0053] 2. Core parameter settings Adaptive calculation module for desorption time: , , , Csat=180mg / g, ΔTmax=45℃; Safety temperature warning module: The three thresholds are set as follows: Level 1: 55℃, Level 2: 75℃, and Level 3: 85℃. Data retention period: 1 year, supports historical data trend analysis, and can statistically analyze the correlation between VOCs concentration fluctuations and energy consumption on a daily or weekly basis.

[0054] II. System Operation Process 1. Adsorption stage After system startup, one adsorption bed is put into operation, and the other is in standby mode. The coating exhaust gas undergoes pretreatment, achieving a paint mist removal rate of 95%, and is then introduced into the adsorption beds by an adsorption fan. When the VOCs concentration in the inlet air increases from... Rise to At this time, the intelligent collaborative control module automatically adjusts the adsorption fan speed from 70% to 90% of the rated value to ensure stable adsorption efficiency and that the inlet and outlet concentration difference is always ≥ When the concentration drops to When this happens, the speed is reduced to 75% of the rated value to avoid energy waste.

[0055] 2. Dynamic Desorption and Fault Handling After running for 6 hours, the VOCs concentration at the adsorption bed outlet rose to The optimal desorption time is calculated using the desorption time formula: .

[0056] During the desorption process, the heat exchanger preheats the desorption gas flow to 210℃ with an error of ±2℃, and the catalytic combustion temperature is stabilized at 260℃ with an error of ±1℃, achieving a VOCs decomposition efficiency of 99.2%.

[0057] During operation, an abnormal temperature sensor was detected, lasting for 6 seconds. The fault diagnosis module determined it to be a general fault and automatically attempted a local reset (performing 3 valve opening calibrations). The sensor data returned to normal within 15 seconds. The remote platform synchronously received the fault report, which included the fault location and cause analysis, eliminating the need for maintenance personnel to intervene on-site.

[0058] 3. Cooling and Remote Optimization After desorption, the optimal cooling time was calculated to be 9 minutes using the cooling time formula. The calculation was performed with Td = 5 minutes, Th = 260°C, and Qc = ... The speed of the cooling fan was adjusted from 50% to 70% of the rated value, and the temperature of the adsorption bed was reduced to 22°C within 8.5 minutes, which is a suitable temperature for adsorption.

[0059] In terms of remote operation and maintenance optimization: the system generates weekly operation reports and optimizes parameter ranges based on machine learning algorithms, such as optimizing parameters under low-concentration conditions. The value was adjusted from 0.9 to 0.85, which further reduced energy consumption by 5% in subsequent low-concentration (100mg / m³) conditions.

[0060] III. Effect Verification The following is a comparison of the performance of VOCs treatment at low concentration fluctuations in the coating industry. Table 2 clearly shows the improvement effect of the system of the present invention compared with traditional devices.

[0061] ; Table 2 data highlights the advantages of this invention in adapting to low-concentration fluctuation conditions in the coating industry: energy consumption per unit of VOCs treatment decreased from 10.8 kWh / kg to 5.9 kWh / kg, a reduction of over 45%, due to the dynamic desorption time being adjustable with concentration, avoiding excessive desorption at low concentrations, while the variable frequency fan speed is adjusted as needed to reduce ineffective energy consumption; the removal rate fluctuation decreased from ±5.2% to ±1.3%, thanks to the real-time adaptation of fan speed and adsorption / desorption parameters during concentration fluctuations, ensuring stable purification effect; downtime due to faults decreased from 4.5 hours / month to 0.3 hours / month, and the frequency of manual maintenance decreased from 6 times / week to 1 time / week, due to the automatic fault diagnosis and remote reset functions, reducing the cost of on-site maintenance; the pipeline leak early warning processing time was shortened from 30 minutes to 20 seconds, demonstrating the rapid response capability of the safety interlock system. Furthermore, the system in... Within the range of concentration fluctuations, the removal rate is always maintained at ≥97.5%, with no excessive or incomplete desorption, making it perfectly suited to the intermittent and highly fluctuating production characteristics of the coating industry.

[0062] Reference Figure 3 This figure visually illustrates the energy-saving advantages of this invention under different VOC concentrations. The energy consumption of traditional fixed-time devices increases continuously with increasing concentration. At concentrations up to 13.8 kWh / kg, the fixed desorption time leads to excessive desorption at low concentrations, wasting energy, and incomplete desorption at high concentrations, resulting in redundant energy consumption. This invention dynamically calculates the desorption time using an adaptive algorithm, maintaining stable energy consumption between 5.2 and 6.4 kWh / kg, demonstrating excellent concentration adaptability. This advantage stems from a multi-mode adaptive control system that collects concentration data in real time to adjust operating parameters, achieving "on-demand control" and avoiding energy waste. The figure demonstrates that this invention maintains low energy consumption under different concentration conditions, significantly reducing the operating costs of industrial VOCs treatment, and is particularly suitable for production scenarios with large concentration fluctuations.

[0063] Reference Figure 4 This figure clearly demonstrates the precise adaptability of the desorption time in this invention. Traditional devices use a fixed 10-minute desorption time regardless of activated carbon saturation. At 40% saturation, excessive desorption accelerates activated carbon aging, while at 100% saturation, incomplete desorption leaves VOCs behind. In contrast, the desorption time of this invention dynamically adjusts with saturation, providing a gradient from 4 to 10 minutes, perfectly matching the actual adsorption state. This design is based on an adaptive desorption time calculation model, integrating multi-dimensional data such as VOC concentration and bed temperature to achieve "on-demand desorption." This figure proves that this invention avoids both insufficient and excessive desorption, ensuring purification effectiveness while extending the activated carbon's lifespan and improving the system's operational economy.

[0064] Reference Figure 5 This diagram visually illustrates the high efficiency of the fault handling in this invention. Traditional devices rely on manual inspection and maintenance, with fault handling times exceeding 25 minutes, and up to 60 minutes for heating device faults, severely impacting continuous operation. The fault diagnosis and reset module of this invention automatically identifies the fault type and location, with a processing time of only 15-45 seconds, enabling rapid reset without manual intervention. This advantage stems from IoT technology and a fault classification mechanism. The system monitors equipment status in real time, automatically resetting minor faults, triggering warnings and attempting repairs for general faults, and cutting off dangerous operations and pushing information for severe faults. This diagram demonstrates that this invention significantly reduces downtime, lowers maintenance intensity and costs, and enhances the system's continuous and stable operation capabilities, making it particularly suitable for continuous production industrial scenarios.

[0065] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart collaborative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion VOCs treatment system, characterized in that, The intelligent collaborative control module includes the following modules: Intelligent collaborative control module: as the core control unit, it is equipped with a 32-bit microprocessor with a main frequency of ≥1GHz and an adaptive control algorithm. It integrates automatic control, manual control, and parameter setting three operation modes, and receives real-time operation data feedback from each module to dynamically adjust key parameters. Each module realizes data interaction and action linkage through the intelligent collaborative control module, forming a closed-loop management and control of the whole process of adsorption and desorption-catalytic combustion. The active carbon adsorption bed module comprises at least two adsorption beds arranged in parallel, and the specific surface area of the active carbon built in the adsorption bed is not less than 800 m2 / g The upper and lower parts and the middle part of the bed body of each adsorption bed are provided with temperature sensors and pressure sensors to monitor the temperature distribution and pressure change of the bed layer in real time. Catalytic combustion module: platinum-palladium alloy noble metal catalyst is used, and electric heating device and waste heat recovery heat exchanger are configured. The heat exchanger is of shell and tube structure, realizing waste heat recovery and utilization of desorption tail gas. The electric heating device controls the catalytic combustion temperature through PID algorithm, and the catalytic combustion temperature control range is 250-500℃, with a temperature control error of ≤±2℃. Airflow control module: including adsorption fan, desorption fan, cold air supplement fan, pipeline sealing valve, dry heat valve, and cold air supplement valve, the valve opening degree and fan speed are adjusted to control airflow direction, flow, and pressure. The speed range of frequency conversion fan is 30%-100% of rated speed, and the flow control error is ≤±3%. Safety interlocking module: integrating temperature monitoring, fire fighting system, and fault alarm three functions, a multi-level safety response mechanism is established. When abnormal parameters are monitored, corresponding level of early warning and emergency measures are automatically triggered. Data monitoring and recording module: real-time collection of inlet and outlet VOCs concentration, adsorption bed temperature, catalytic combustion temperature, valve opening, fan speed, and heating power operation data, forming complete and traceable data records. Fault diagnosis and reset module: with automatic fault diagnosis function, supporting local operation and remote instruction two reset modes.

2. The intelligent collaborative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion VOCs treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising a desorption time adaptive calculation module, through calculating the optimal desorption time, wherein the optimal desorption time is the VOCs concentration influence coefficient is the inlet VOCs concentration is the activated carbon saturated adsorption concentration is the bed temperature influence coefficient is the current temperature of the adsorption bed is the initial adsorption temperature is the allowed maximum temperature difference is the gas flow influence coefficient is the treatment gas flow is; the activated carbon saturated adsorption concentration is determined by experiment and pre-stored in the control module; the algorithm is verified by orthogonal experiment of 3 groups of different VOCs concentrations and 2 groups of temperatures, and the error between the calculated value and the optimal measured value is ≤±5%.

3. The intelligent collaborative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion VOCs treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety temperature early warning module monitors the temperature of different areas of the adsorption bed through temperature sensors, and sets three temperature thresholds. The first threshold is the lower limit of the safe use temperature of activated carbon, which is 60-70℃. The second threshold is the upper limit of the temperature, which is 80-85℃. The third threshold is the critical value of over-temperature danger, which is 90-95℃. When the first threshold is triggered, the cold air supplement fan and valve are automatically started to increase the cold air supply. When the second threshold is triggered, the audible and visual alarm is sounded and the desorption heating power is cut off. When the third threshold is triggered, the fire fighting system is linked to spray fire water for cooling.

4. The intelligent collaborative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion VOCs treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow control module is also equipped with a timing collaborative control unit, which formulates the action timing for the adsorption bed switching process. First, the inlet and outlet sealing valves of the adsorption bed to be switched are closed, the delay time is set to 3-5 seconds according to the fan start-stop characteristics and pipeline airflow inertia, then the corresponding adsorption fan is turned off, and the inlet and outlet sealing valves of the other adsorption bed are slowly opened. After the pipeline airflow parameters are stable, all related valves of the original adsorption bed are completely closed.

5. The intelligent collaborative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion VOCs treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data monitoring and recording module adopts a distributed storage architecture, which is a dual storage mode of local server + cloud backup, supporting data off-site backup and redundant storage. The collected operation data are stored in time dimension, and the real-time data are uploaded to the remote monitoring platform through the Internet of Things module. The data retention period is set to more than 1 year, supporting historical data query, export, and trend analysis.

6. The intelligent collaborative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion VOCs treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The catalytic combustion module is also provided with a waste heat recovery optimization unit, the shell side and the tube side of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger are provided with baffles to strengthen the heat exchange effect, the tube side is connected with high-temperature combustion tail gas, and the shell side is connected with desorption tail gas to be heated; the effective heat exchange area is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the inlet and outlet valves of the heat exchanger, and the desorption tail gas is controlled to have a preheating temperature of 200-250 DEG C before entering the catalytic combustion furnace through feedback regulation of the temperature sensor.

7. The intelligent collaborative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion VOCs treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fault diagnosis reset module further comprises a fault grading processing unit, which divides the fault into three grades of slight fault, general fault and serious fault, the slight fault includes sensor data fluctuation and slight fan overload, the general fault includes valve sticking and heating device power abnormality, and the serious fault includes adsorption bed over-temperature and catalytic combustion furnace flameout; the slight fault is only recorded and prompts the maintenance personnel to handle it regularly; the general fault triggers an alarm and automatically attempts local reset, and the alarm is continuously triggered if the reset fails; The serious fault immediately stops the related running unit, cuts off the dangerous working condition, waits for manual intervention or remote reset, and pushes the fault information to the operation and maintenance terminal.

8. A method of using the intelligent collaborative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion VOCs treatment system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: A VOCs pretreatment step: particulate impurities in waste gas are removed through a filtering device of an air inlet pipeline, the filtering device adopts a metal screen and activated carbon fiber composite structure, and a temperature adjusting device is used to control the temperature of the waste gas in the adsorption range of 20-40 DEG C; An adsorption bed switching control step: according to the saturation degree and running time of the adsorption bed, combined with the real-time collected bed pressure, VOCs inlet and outlet concentration data, the valve and fan are controlled according to the preset time sequence, and the switching is completed after the airflow parameters in the pipeline are stable to realize smooth switching between the adsorption beds; A dynamic desorption control step: based on the real-time collected VOCs concentration, adsorption bed temperature and activated carbon adsorption saturation data, the optimal desorption time is calculated through an adaptive algorithm, the desorption fan and heating device are started, the VOCs adsorbed by the activated carbon are resolved through hot gas flow, and the high-concentration VOCs gas flow after resolution is introduced into the catalytic combustion module through pipeline guide; A catalytic combustion treatment step: the high-concentration VOCs gas flow after desorption is preheated through the heat exchanger, and after reaching the active temperature of the catalyst, it is sent into the catalytic combustion furnace, and under the action of the noble metal catalyst, oxidation reaction occurs to generate carbon dioxide and water, and the high-temperature tail gas generated by combustion is used to recover heat through the heat exchanger to preheat the desorption gas flow; A safety monitoring and emergency disposal step: the system running parameters are monitored in real time through sensors, when a fault occurs, the corresponding grade of early warning and emergency measures is triggered according to the preset logic; A data recording and fault diagnosis step: the system running data are recorded continuously, the fault type and position are automatically identified through the built-in algorithm, a fault report is generated and pushed to the related terminal, and local or remote reset operation is supported.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the intelligent collaborative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion VOCs treatment system is characterized in that, Further comprising a cooling time dynamic adjustment step, by calculating an optimal cooling time, wherein the optimal cooling time is the desorption heat load influence coefficient is the desorption additional heating temperature is the supplementary cooling air volume is the fan power influence coefficient is the supplementary cooling fan actual power is the supplementary cooling fan rated power is the basic cooling time; the supplementary cooling air volume is adjusted by the supplementary cooling fan rotating speed, the supplementary cooling fan rotating speed adjustment range is 30%~100% of the rated rotating speed, and the cooling demand is matched in real time.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the intelligent collaborative activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion VOCs treatment system is characterized in that, Also includes remote operation and parameter optimization steps, remote monitoring platform receives system operation data in real time, operation personnel check equipment operation state through the platform, modify operation parameters, receive fault alarm; Remote reset is realized through Internet of Things module, supports 4G / 5G or Ethernet communication; The system analyzes historical operation data regularly to generate operation report, optimizes the operation interval of parameters based on the report combined with statistical analysis and machine learning algorithm; At the same time, the fault diagnosis algorithm and emergency disposal process are optimized for fault type.

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