Anti-blocking flushing system for horizontal flow sedimentation tank sludge discharge trench

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-blocking flushing system for a horizontal flow sedimentation tank sludge discharge trench, and relates to the technical field of sewage treatment.The system comprises a flushing execution unit, a water supply unit, a control unit and the sludge discharge trench, and the flushing execution unit comprises a flushing pipeline attached to the trend of the trench and nozzles facing the bottom and the side wall; the water supply unit provides a stable high-pressure water source through a high-pressure water pump and a regional electromagnetic valve, and the control unit takes a programmable controller as a core and is electrically connected with the programmable controller and the regional electromagnetic valve. The system achieves accurate regulation and control of flushing time and areas through intelligent control, and the nozzles can accurately flush areas prone to deposition, disperse sludge and discharge the sludge along with sludge discharge water flow. The invention aims to solve the problem of blockage caused by sludge deposition and hardening of the sludge discharge trench of the horizontal flow sedimentation tank and the defects of low efficiency, high safety risk and response lag of traditional manual blockage removal, realize automatic preventive blockage removal, guarantee continuous and stable water treatment flow and reduce the operation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment technology and relates to an anti-clogging flushing system for sludge discharge ditches in horizontal flow sedimentation tanks. Background Technology

[0002] Horizontal flow sedimentation tanks are core structures for solid-liquid separation in water treatment scenarios such as urban wastewater treatment plants and industrial wastewater treatment stations. Their operational stability directly determines the efficiency of effluent quality compliance. A sludge discharge ditch is typically installed at the end of the horizontal flow sedimentation tank. The core function of this ditch is to collect the sludge generated during sedimentation and stably transport it to a sludge equalization tank, ensuring the smooth operation of subsequent sludge dewatering and harmless treatment processes. The structure of the sludge discharge ditch often includes straight sections, bends, and confluence points. The unobstructed flow of its cross-section is a crucial prerequisite for ensuring the continuous operation of the water treatment process. Especially when flocculants such as polyacrylamide (PAM) are added to the water treatment process, the sludge easily forms highly viscous flocs, placing higher demands on the anti-clogging capabilities of the sludge discharge ditch.

[0003] In actual production and operation, clogging of sludge discharge ditches is a frequent and significant problem. Highly viscous sludge easily deposits and hardens at the bottom, sidewalls, corners, and confluence points of the ditch. Over time, the deposited sludge gradually reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the ditch, eventually leading to complete blockage. Once blockage occurs, not only can sludge not be discharged normally, but it can also cause sludge accumulation in the horizontal sedimentation tank, reducing the effective sedimentation volume. This results in excessive suspended solids in the effluent and water quality deterioration. In severe cases, production must be shut down for dredging, affecting the continuity of the water treatment system and significantly increasing operating costs. Meanwhile, the traditional core method for dealing with blockages is manual clearing. Maintenance personnel need to periodically lift the cover plate above the ditch and use high-pressure water guns or tools such as shovels and steel bars to go deep into the ditch to work. However, the sludge drainage ditch is a confined space with poor air circulation, strong odor, and possible presence of toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide. Maintenance personnel face safety hazards such as hypoxia and poisoning. In addition, manual clearing is labor-intensive and inefficient, which is a typical passive maintenance method. It is often only started after the blockage has already had a significant impact on sludge drainage, making it impossible to prevent blockages in advance and easily missing the best time for clearing.

[0004] After searching relevant materials, such as the patent publication number CN119977274A entitled "A Sludge Discharge Equipment for Wastewater Treatment with Backwashing and Anti-clogging Structure," which is based on the principle of spiral propulsion sludge discharge. It uses a horizontally arranged conical sludge discharge channel at the bottom of the sludge collection hopper, and relies on a spiral auger to propel the sludge and achieve sludge-water separation. At the same time, the sludge discharge channel is set to flip up and down, and the backwash nozzle is used to backwash the filter holes of the sludge discharge pipe. The spiral auger reverses to clean the inside of the sludge discharge channel. Another type is the traditional channel unclogging auxiliary device, which is mostly a single flushing pipe with a fixed nozzle structure and has no intelligent control function. The former's advantage lies in its integrated design of sludge discharge and blockage removal, allowing for targeted cleaning of the interior of closed sludge discharge pipes. However, its disadvantage is that it only applies to closed sludge discharge pipes below the sludge collection hopper in sedimentation tanks, and cannot adapt to the long-distance, multi-section, open structure of sludge discharge ditches in horizontal flow sedimentation tanks. Its flushing range is limited to the interior of the sludge discharge channel, failing to cover easily deposited areas such as the side walls, corners, and confluence points of the ditch. Furthermore, blockage removal requires interrupting sludge discharge operations, making it a passive remedial design. The latter's advantage is its simple structure and lower cost. However, its disadvantages include extremely low automation, requiring manual start-up and shutdown, limited flushing range, inability to achieve precise zonal flushing, and inability to integrate with existing water treatment equipment, leading to water waste and failing to meet the high-efficiency preventative anti-blockage requirements of sludge discharge ditches. In summary, existing technical solutions cannot effectively solve the problem of comprehensive preventative anti-blockage in the open structure of sludge discharge ditches in horizontal flow sedimentation tanks, nor can they completely replace manual blockage removal to eliminate safety risks. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automated, preventative, and adaptable anti-blockage flushing system to fundamentally address the aforementioned technical pain points. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an anti-clogging flushing system for sludge discharge ditches in horizontal flow sedimentation tanks, which solves the clogging problem caused by sludge deposition and compaction in the sludge discharge ditches of horizontal flow sedimentation tanks, as well as the shortcomings of traditional manual clogging, such as low efficiency, high safety risks, and slow response, and realizes automated preventive clogging.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: A clogging-proof flushing system for sludge discharge ditches in horizontal flow sedimentation tanks includes a flushing execution unit, a water supply unit, a control unit, and a sludge discharge ditch. The flushing execution unit is located in the sludge drainage ditch and is used to precisely flush the bottom and side walls of the sludge drainage ditch; the water supply unit is connected to the flushing execution unit and provides a stable high-pressure water source for the flushing execution unit. The control unit is electrically connected to the flushing execution unit and the water supply unit respectively, so as to realize intelligent control and automated preventive unblocking of the flushing process; The flushing execution unit includes a flushing pipe laid in accordance with the direction of the sludge discharge ditch, and several nozzles installed on the flushing pipe with the spray direction facing the bottom and side wall of the sludge discharge ditch. The water supply unit includes a high-pressure water pump and a water supply pipeline. The high-pressure water pump is connected to the flushing pipeline through the water supply pipeline. The water supply pipeline is equipped with a solenoid valve for zoned control. The control unit includes a programmable controller. The output terminal of the programmable controller is electrically connected to the high-pressure water pump and the solenoid valve, and is used to control the start and stop of the high-pressure water pump and the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.

[0007] The principle and advantages of this scheme are as follows: The core principle of this solution is to achieve automated, preventative unclogging of the sludge discharge ditch in the horizontal sedimentation tank through the synergistic effect of high-pressure water supply, precise flushing, and intelligent control. The system comprises a flushing execution unit, a water supply unit, and a control unit. The high-pressure water pump in the water supply unit provides a stable high-pressure water source for the entire system, pressurizing clean water and delivering it to the flushing execution unit via the water supply pipeline. The flushing pipeline of the flushing execution unit is laid along the sludge discharge ditch, ensuring coverage of all critical areas such as straight sections and corners. The nozzles on the pipeline are directed towards the bottom and side walls of the ditch, precisely spraying high-pressure water onto areas prone to sludge deposition, using the impact force of the water flow to disperse sludge that is about to harden or has already settled. The programmable controller in the control unit, as the core control component, is electrically connected to the high-pressure water pump and zoned solenoid valves through its output terminal. It can precisely control the start and stop of the high-pressure water pump and the opening and closing of solenoid valves in different zones, thereby achieving flexible adjustment of the flushing timing and flushing area. This allows the dispersed sludge to be discharged with the normal sludge discharge water flow in the ditch, preventing blockages caused by sludge deposition and hardening at the source.

[0008] Compared to existing technologies, which require backwashing during the sludge removal process and are passive remedies for already deposited sludge, this solution, controlled by a programmable logic controller (PLC), can initiate flushing at the initial stage of sludge deposition, fundamentally preventing blockages and ensuring a continuous and stable water treatment process. This overcomes the drawback of existing technologies requiring interrupted operations for unclogging. Existing closed-pipe backwashing equipment is unsuitable for the open, multi-section structure of sludge removal ditches, and traditional channel unclogging devices have limited flushing range. In contrast, this solution's flushing pipes are laid according to the ditch's orientation, with nozzles oriented towards the bottom and sidewalls. Combined with zoned solenoid valves, it achieves precise, comprehensive flushing of the entire ditch, especially effective in areas prone to sedimentation such as corners and confluence points, significantly outperforming existing localized flushing methods. Existing technologies still require manual assistance or rely entirely on manual operation, posing high safety risks and low efficiency. This solution, through a PLC, automates the flushing process, eliminating the need for personnel to enter the confined space of the ditch. This eliminates safety hazards such as oxygen deficiency and poisoning, significantly improves unclogging efficiency, and avoids water waste and reduces operating costs through intelligent control.

[0009] Furthermore, the spray head is equipped with nozzles, which are either fan-shaped nozzles or rotary spray nozzles. The nozzles are connected to the spray head via ball joints. The spray angle of the nozzles can be adjusted within a range of ±30°, with the fan-shaped nozzles having a spray angle of 120°. The spray pressure of the rotary spray nozzles is not less than 3MPa. The ball joint connection and angle adjustment design allow for flexible adjustment of the nozzle orientation according to the deposition characteristics of different areas such as straight sections, corners, and confluence points of the trench. This ensures that the water flow accurately covers the easily deposited areas at the bottom and side walls of the trench, avoiding dead zones during flushing and solving the problem that traditional fixed nozzles cannot adapt to complex terrain. On the one hand, there are issues with the trench structure; on the other hand, the fan-shaped nozzle with a 120° spray angle can form a wide water flow coverage, which is suitable for the flushing needs of large areas such as straight trench sections. It can quickly disperse the surface deposited sludge, while the rotary spray nozzle with a spray pressure of not less than 3MPa has a stronger impact force, which can effectively break up the sludge flocs that have been initially hardened at the bottom of the trench and at the corners. The combination of the two nozzles can take into account both the coverage range and the impact intensity. Compared with the flushing method of a single type of nozzle in the existing technology, it can not only improve the overall flushing efficiency, but also achieve precise unblocking for sludge in different deposition states, ensuring a comprehensive and thorough flushing effect.

[0010] Furthermore, the flushing pipe is fixed to the upper part of the sludge discharge ditch, with an installation height of 300-500mm from the bottom of the ditch. This installation height ensures that the nozzle maintains a reasonable distance from the bottom and side walls of the ditch. This ensures that the 120° wide-range water flow from the fan-shaped nozzle can completely cover the easily deposited areas on the bottom and side walls of the ditch, while also allowing the high-pressure water flow of the rotating jet nozzle (no less than 3MPa) to fully exert its impact force, effectively dispersing the deposited sludge. This avoids the problems of limited flushing range due to too close a distance and reduced impact force due to too far a distance. At the same time, this height is higher than the normal sludge discharge water level in the ditch, which can prevent sludge from adhering to the pipe and nozzle during the sludge discharge process and causing blockage. It also does not affect the flow cross-section of the ditch, avoiding water flow obstruction that affects sludge discharge efficiency. In addition, it facilitates the later maintenance and repair of the pipe and nozzle.

[0011] Furthermore, two high-pressure water pumps are configured, employing a redundant design with one pump in operation and one on standby. Each high-pressure water pump has a rated pressure of 3 MPa and a rated flow rate of 15 m³ / h. Its inlet is connected to the plant's clear water tank or the main outlet pipe of the backwash water pump via a pipeline, while its outlet is connected to the flushing pipes of each area via a water supply pipeline. This redundant design prevents the flushing system from shutting down due to a single pump failure, ensuring that anti-clogging flushing operations can continue even during pump maintenance or failure, thus mitigating the risk of system interruption caused by reliance on a single pump. Simultaneously, the 3 MPa rated pressure precisely matches the pressure requirements of the rotating jet nozzles, ensuring a consistent high-pressure water flow. Equipped with sufficient impact force to break up hardened sludge, the rated flow rate of 15m³ / h can meet the water supply requirements for simultaneous flushing of long-distance, multi-area ditches, avoiding incomplete flushing due to insufficient pressure or flow. At the same time, the water inlet is connected to the existing water source facilities in the plant area, eliminating the need for additional dedicated water storage equipment. This reduces system construction costs and ensures the sufficiency and stability of the water source. The design connecting the water outlet to the flushing pipes of each area, combined with the regional solenoid valves, enables precise distribution of high-pressure water flow, ensuring balanced flushing pressure and flow in each area. This improves the reliability and flushing effect of the system and ensures the continuous effectiveness of automated preventive unblocking.

[0012] Furthermore, the control unit also includes a sludge status monitoring component installed in the sludge discharge ditch. The sludge status monitoring component consists of an ultrasonic level sensor and a sludge concentration meter. The ultrasonic level sensor has a measurement range of 0-500mm and a measurement accuracy of ±1mm. The sludge status monitoring component is electrically connected to the input terminal of the programmable controller installed in the control unit. With its wide measurement range and high accuracy, the ultrasonic level sensor can accurately capture the sludge deposition thickness in the ditch in real time. The sludge concentration meter can simultaneously monitor the sludge concentration in the water flow. The two work together to achieve a comprehensive perception of the sludge status, solving the problems of data lag and large errors in traditional manual inspection or single monitoring methods. Moreover, the monitoring data is transmitted to the programmable controller in real time, so that the controller does not need to rely on a fixed timing sequence. It can dynamically adjust the flushing timing and intensity according to the actual sludge deposition situation, avoiding the waste of resources caused by blind flushing. It can also promptly start emergency flushing when the sludge concentration exceeds the standard or the deposition thickness approaches the threshold, which not only ensures the anti-clogging effect but also optimizes water and energy consumption.

[0013] Furthermore, the programmable controller incorporates a sludge deposition prediction model, and the key parameters of the model are obtained as follows: Real-time sludge deposition thickness h: directly measured by an ultrasonic level sensor. The sensor is installed in areas prone to deposition, such as corners and confluence points of the sludge discharge ditch. By emitting ultrasonic waves to the bottom of the ditch and receiving the reflected waves, the actual deposition thickness is calculated based on the propagation time difference. The cross-sectional area S of the ditch is determined according to the design drawings of the sludge discharge ditch of the horizontal flow sedimentation tank. It is calculated as S=W×D, where W is the design width of the ditch (m) and D is the design depth of the ditch (m). If the ditch is a variable cross-section structure, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the easily deposited area is taken. Sludge discharge flow rate Q: Real-time data is collected by a flow sensor electrically connected to the programmable controller. The flow sensor is installed at the outlet end of the sludge discharge ditch or the outlet pipeline of the sludge discharge pump to monitor the sludge discharge volume per unit time in real time. Sludge viscosity μ: derived through a pre-defined correlation model, based on the sludge concentration C (%) collected by the sludge concentration meter and the wastewater temperature T (°C) collected by the on-site temperature sensor, according to... Calculation, where The base viscosity coefficient ranges from 0.05 to 0.1 Pa. s, This is the concentration influence coefficient, with a value ranging from 1.2 to 1.5. The temperature influence coefficient, ranging from 200-300K, was determined through laboratory sludge characteristic tests. Based on the parameters obtained above, the optimal flushing time t was calculated using the following algorithm formula: Wherein, k is a correction coefficient, with a value range of 1.2-1.8, calibrated according to actual operating conditions (such as flocculant dosage and influent suspended solids concentration); when the real-time sludge deposition thickness h ≥ 15cm, the programmable controller automatically triggers emergency flushing, and the flushing time is calculated according to the above formula and is not less than 90 seconds; if h is still ≥ 15cm after flushing, the flushing is repeated until h < 10cm; the programmable controller has a built-in sludge deposition prediction model containing complete parameter acquisition methods and algorithm formulas, which can achieve precise quantitative control of flushing time, making automated preventive sludge removal more scientific and targeted. This model collects key parameters from multiple dimensions, including ultrasonic level sensors, flow sensors, sludge concentration meters, and temperature sensors. The real-time sludge deposition thickness h accurately captures the actual pollution status of easily deposited areas. The ditch cross-sectional area S, sludge discharge flow rate Q, and sludge viscosity μ comprehensively reflect the ditch's sewage discharge capacity and sludge deposition characteristics. The acquisition methods for each parameter are scientific and the data are reliable. Based on these parameters, the optimal flushing time can be dynamically calculated according to the actual working conditions using the algorithm formula t=k×(h×S×μ) / Q. At the same time, rules are set to trigger emergency flushing when h≥15cm and the duration is not less than 90 seconds, and to repeat flushing until h<10cm. This avoids the problems of insufficient or excessive flushing caused by traditional fixed-duration flushing, and can also promptly initiate powerful flushing when sludge is severely deposited. This solution ensures sufficient time for sludge flushing and can adjust in real time based on sludge discharge flow rate and sludge viscosity to avoid wasting water and energy. Especially in scenarios where the addition of flocculants causes changes in sludge viscosity or fluctuations in influent suspended solids concentration, it can still maintain a stable and efficient anti-clogging effect, significantly improving the system's adaptability to complex operating conditions and its operational economy.

[0014] Furthermore, the programmable controller is bidirectionally electrically connected to the sludge discharge valve and scraper of the horizontal flow sedimentation tank, and adopts the following linkage control method steps: Step 1: When the sludge discharge valve is opened, its limit switch sends a trigger signal to the programmable controller, and at the same time, the operating status signal of the scraper conveying sludge to the ditch is synchronously transmitted to the programmable controller; Step 2: After receiving the signal, the programmable controller starts the high-pressure water pump and solenoid valve of the corresponding area after a delay of 0-30 seconds; Step 3: The flushing process is synchronized with the sludge discharge process, and the flushing time is set to 60 seconds, using the sludge discharge water flow to synchronously discharge the flushed sludge; Step 4: After the sludge discharge valve closes signal transmission, the programmable controller controls the high-pressure water pump to delay for 3 seconds. The system features a 0-second shutdown mechanism, with the solenoid valve closing synchronously. Signals for the sludge discharge valve opening and the scraper conveying sludge are simultaneously transmitted to the controller, ensuring precise coordination between the flushing action and the sludge conveying and discharge process. A 0-30 second delay in starting the flushing process avoids interference between water flow impact and the initial stage of sludge conveying. The 60-second flushing duration is synchronized with the sludge discharge process, utilizing the potential energy of the sludge discharge water flow to promptly remove the dispersed sludge, effectively preventing secondary sludge deposition and solving the problem of poor clogging caused by the disconnect between flushing and sludge discharge in existing technologies. After the sludge discharge valve closes, the high-pressure water pump stops after a 30-second delay, allowing for a secondary flushing of the ditch to ensure complete removal of residual sludge and further improve flushing cleanliness. Compared to the existing technology where flushing and sludge removal equipment operate independently, this integrated design fully utilizes the water flow dynamics of the sludge removal process, reduces the risk of sludge retention after separate flushing, avoids water waste caused by flushing during non-sludge removal periods, and eliminates the need for manual coordination of equipment start-up and shutdown, further enhancing the system's automation level. Especially in large-scale water treatment scenarios, it can significantly reduce operation and maintenance costs and ensure long-term unobstructed flow of sludge removal ditches and stable effluent quality.

[0015] Furthermore, the control unit also includes a wireless communication module, which is a 4G / 5G module or a LoRa module, electrically connected to the programmable controller. This module transmits system operating status data and sensor monitoring data to the remote monitoring terminal in real time and receives control commands from the remote monitoring terminal. When equipment failure or excessive sludge deposition occurs, an alarm message is automatically sent to the central control room. This module can transmit data such as the start / stop status of the high-pressure water pump, the on / off status of the solenoid valve, and the sludge deposition thickness and concentration monitored by various sensors to the remote monitoring terminal in real time. This allows maintenance personnel to fully grasp the system's operating status without on-site supervision. It also supports receiving remote control commands, facilitating flexible adjustment of flushing parameters according to actual needs. When equipment failure occurs, such as a high-pressure water pump failure, sensor malfunction, or excessive sludge deposition, an alarm message is automatically sent to the central control room, ensuring that relevant personnel promptly detect the problem and intervene quickly, preventing flushing interruptions and ditch blockages due to undetected faults. Compared to existing technologies that require manual on-site inspections to detect problems, this design not only significantly reduces the labor intensity of operation and maintenance, but also shortens the fault response time, effectively reducing the risk of water treatment process interruption caused by system shutdown or untimely clearing of blockages.

[0016] Furthermore, the programmable controller has a preset timed flushing program, and the timed control method is as follows: a full-area flushing is started every 4 hours, with a total flushing time of 120 seconds; the solenoid valves are opened sequentially in the order of 1# straight ditch section → 2# straight ditch section → 3# straight ditch section → corner → confluence point, with a 30-second interval between the start of adjacent areas; after the flushing is completed, the high-pressure water pump stops after a 30-second delay, and the solenoid valves close in the start sequence. The full-area flushing every 4 hours can intervene in time before sludge deposition and compaction, avoiding the risk of blockage from the source. The total duration of 120 seconds can ensure that each area Sufficient rinsing time is obtained; the solenoid valves are opened sequentially with a 30-second interval between adjacent areas to avoid a sudden drop in water pressure caused by rinsing multiple areas simultaneously, ensuring that each area receives a stable high-pressure water flow, especially allowing areas prone to sedimentation, such as corners and confluence points, to be thoroughly rinsed, solving the problem of insufficient water pressure in traditional simultaneous rinsing; after rinsing, the high-pressure water pump stops after a 30-second delay, and the solenoid valves close in the order of their activation, which can both utilize the residual water pressure to perform secondary flushing of the ditch and orderly cut off the water flow to prevent residual sludge from being deposited again due to a sudden interruption of the water flow.

[0017] Furthermore, the water supply pipeline is divided into at least three independent control zones according to the straight sections, corners, and confluence points of the sludge drainage ditch. Each zone is equipped with a solenoid valve with a pressure of not less than 4MPa. The programmable controller can control the opening and closing of the solenoid valves in one or more zones individually according to flushing requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the flushing actuator installed in the sludge discharge ditch.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure of the spray head of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is the logic control flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: water supply unit 1, high-pressure water pump 2, controller 3, water supply pipeline 4, solenoid valve 5, nozzle 6, backwash pump 7, sludge discharge ditch 8, sliding plate 9, nozzle 10, ball shaft connector 11, ultrasonic level sensor 12, sludge concentration meter 13, sludge condition monitoring component 14, flow sensor 15, sludge discharge valve 16, control unit 17, flushing execution unit 18, sludge scraper 19, temperature sensor 20, and flushing pipe 21.

[0024] Example 1 like Figure 1-5 As shown, an anti-clogging flushing system for a sludge discharge ditch in a horizontal flow sedimentation tank includes a flushing execution unit 18, a water supply unit 1, a control unit 17, and a sludge discharge ditch 8. The flushing execution unit 18 is located in the sludge discharge ditch 8 and includes a flushing pipe 21 and several nozzles 6. The flushing pipe is made of 304 stainless steel and is laid along the entire length of the sludge discharge ditch 8. It is fixed to the upper part of the sludge discharge ditch 8 by pipe clamps. The installation height is 400mm from the bottom of the sludge discharge ditch 8 (within the design range of 300-500mm). This height ensures the flushing coverage area and is higher than the normal sludge discharge water level to prevent sludge from adhering to the flushing pipe 21 and nozzles 6.

[0025] The nozzles 6 are evenly installed on the flushing pipes 21 at 500mm intervals to ensure that the spraying range is non-overlapping and fully covers the bottom and sidewalls of the ditch. The nozzles 10 mounted on the nozzles 6 are configured with a combination of fan-shaped nozzles and rotary spray nozzles: the fan-shaped nozzles are installed in the sludge discharge ditch area, with a spray angle of 120°. The fan-shaped nozzles are connected to the nozzles 6 through ball joints 11, and the spraying direction can be adjusted within ±30° to achieve wide-area flushing; the rotary spray nozzles are installed in areas prone to sedimentation such as corners and confluence points, with a spray pressure of 3MPa. They are also connected through ball joints 11, and the orientation can be adjusted accordingly to enhance the impact and breaking effect on the hardened sludge.

[0026] Water supply unit 1 includes two high-pressure water pumps 2 and water supply pipeline 4. The high-pressure water pump 2 adopts a redundant design with one pump in use and one on standby. It has a rated pressure of 3MPa and a rated flow of 15m³ / h. Its inlet end is connected to the plant's clear water tank through a pipeline, and a spare connection interface is reserved for the main outlet pipe of the backwash water pump 7 to ensure a stable water supply. The outlet end is connected to the flushing pipes of each area through the water supply pipeline 4. The water supply pipeline 4 is made of seamless steel pipe with a pressure resistance of not less than 4MPa.

[0027] The water supply pipeline 4 is divided into 5 independent control areas according to the sludge drainage ditch 8, namely the 1# straight ditch section, 2# straight ditch section, 3# straight ditch section, corner, and confluence point. Each area is equipped with a solenoid valve 5 with a pressure of not less than 4MPa. The solenoid valve 5 is connected to the flange of the water supply pipeline 4 to ensure sealing performance and pressure bearing capacity, so as to realize independent control of flushing in each area.

[0028] The control unit 17 includes a programmable controller 3, a sludge condition monitoring component 14, a temperature sensor 19, a flow sensor 15, and a wireless communication module 20. The programmable controller 3 is a Siemens S7-200SMART series. Its output is electrically connected to the high-pressure water pump 2 and the solenoid valve 5 via cables to control the start and stop of the high-pressure water pump 2 and the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 5. Its input is electrically connected to the sludge condition monitoring component 14, the temperature sensor 19, and the flow sensor 15 to receive various monitoring data.

[0029] The sludge condition monitoring component 14 includes an ultrasonic level sensor 12 and a sludge concentration meter 13: the ultrasonic level sensor 12 is installed in easily deposited areas such as corners and confluence points of the sludge discharge ditch 8, with a measurement range of 0-500mm and a measurement accuracy of ±1mm, used to measure the sludge deposition thickness h in real time; the sludge concentration meter 13 is installed in the middle of the sludge discharge ditch 8 to collect the sludge concentration C (%). A temperature sensor 19 is installed beside the sludge concentration meter 13 to collect the wastewater temperature T (°C); a flow sensor 15 is installed at the outlet end of the sludge discharge ditch 8 to monitor the sludge discharge flow rate Q in real time.

[0030] The wireless communication module 20 adopts a 4G module and is electrically connected to the programmable controller 3 to realize the real-time transmission of system operation status data (start and stop status of high pressure water pump 2, on / off status of solenoid valve 5, etc.) and sensor monitoring data (h, C, T, Q, etc.) to the remote monitoring terminal 21, and to receive control commands from the remote monitoring terminal 21. When the system experiences equipment failure, such as high pressure water pump 2 failure, sensor abnormality, or sludge deposition exceeding the standard h≥15cm, it automatically sends alarm information to the central control room.

[0031] The programmable logic controller 3 has a built-in sludge deposition prediction model. The key parameters are obtained and calculated as follows: Real-time sludge deposition thickness h: is directly calculated by the ultrasonic level sensor 12 based on the propagation time difference by transmitting and receiving reflected waves. Cross-sectional area S of the ditch: According to the design drawings of sludge drainage ditch 8, it is calculated as S=W×D (W is the design width of the ditch 2m, and D is the design depth of the ditch 1.5m). In this embodiment, the ditch is a structure with a constant cross-section, so S=2×1.5=3m². Sludge discharge flow rate Q: is collected in real time by flow sensor 15 and transmitted to programmable controller 3; Sludge viscosity μ: Based on sludge concentration C and wastewater temperature T, calculated using the formula... Calculation, where Take 0.08 Pa s, Take 1.3, At 250K, this set of coefficients was determined through laboratory sludge characteristic tests. Optimal rinsing time t: determined by the formula The calculation is performed, with k taken as 1.5, determined based on the flocculant dosage and influent suspended solids concentration in the plant area.

[0032] Three flushing control modes Sequential flushing mode: The programmable controller 3 has a preset sequential flushing program, which starts a full-area flush every 4 hours, with a total flushing time of 120 seconds. The starting sequence is: 1# straight ditch section → 2# straight ditch section → 3# straight ditch section → corner → confluence point, with a 30-second interval between the start of adjacent areas; after the flushing is completed, the high-pressure water pump 2 stops after a 30-second delay, and the solenoid valve 5 closes in the reverse order of start, using the residual water pressure to complete the secondary flushing.

[0033] Emergency flushing mode: When the ultrasonic level sensor 12 detects that the real-time sludge deposition thickness h is ≥15cm, the programmable controller 3 automatically triggers emergency flushing, calculates the optimal flushing time t according to the above formula, and t is not less than 90 seconds; after flushing, if h is still ≥15cm, the flushing is repeated until h <10cm.

[0034] Linked flushing mode: The programmable controller 3 is bidirectionally electrically connected to the sludge discharge valve 16 and the sludge scraper of the horizontal flow sedimentation tank. The linkage control steps are as follows: Step 1: When the sludge discharge valve 16 is opened, its limit switch sends a trigger signal to the programmable controller 3. At the same time, the running status signal of the sludge scraper 19 conveying sludge to the ditch is synchronously transmitted to the programmable controller 3. Step 2: After receiving the signal, the programmable controller 3 delays for 15 seconds (within the adjustable range of 0-30 seconds) and starts the high-pressure water pump 2 and solenoid valve 5 in the corresponding area. Step 3: The flushing process is synchronized with the sludge discharge process. The flushing time is set to 60 seconds, and the sludge after flushing is synchronously discharged using the sludge discharge water flow. Step 4: After the sludge discharge valve 16 closes, the programmable controller 3 controls the high-pressure water pump 2 to stop after a 30-second delay, and the solenoid valve 5 closes synchronously, completing the final flushing.

[0035] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known structures and characteristics of the solutions are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A non-clogging flush system for a sludge lagoon of a quiescent sedimentation basin, characterized in that: The device comprises a flushing execution unit, a water supply unit, a control unit and a sludge ditch; The flushing execution unit is arranged in the sludge ditch and used for precisely flushing the bottom and sidewall of the sludge ditch; the water supply unit is connected with the flushing execution unit and provides a stable high-pressure water source for the flushing execution unit; The control unit is electrically connected with the flushing execution unit and the water supply unit, so as to realize intelligent control and automatic preventive unblocking of the flushing process; The flushing execution unit comprises a flushing pipeline arranged along the sludge ditch and a plurality of nozzles installed on the flushing pipeline and directed towards the bottom and sidewall of the sludge ditch; The water supply unit comprises a high-pressure water pump and a water supply pipeline, the high-pressure water pump is communicated with the flushing pipeline through the water supply pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve for regional control is arranged on the water supply pipeline; the control unit comprises a programmable controller, and the output end of the programmable controller is electrically connected with the high-pressure water pump and the electromagnetic valve, so as to control the start and stop of the high-pressure water pump and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve.

2. The anti-clogging flush system for a sedimentation basin sludge removal trench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle is a fan-shaped nozzle or a rotary jet nozzle, the nozzle is connected with the nozzle head through a spherical hinge joint, the jet angle of the nozzle can be adjusted within ±30°, and the jet angle of the fan-shaped nozzle is 120°; the jet pressure of the rotary jet nozzle is not less than 3 MPa.

3. The anti-clogging flush system for a sedimentation basin sludge removal trench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing pipeline is fixed to the upper part of the sludge ditch through a pipe clamp, and the installation height is 300-500 mm away from the bottom of the sludge ditch.

4. The anti-clogging flush system for a sedimentation basin sludge removal trench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure water pump is provided in a redundant design of one for use and one for standby, the rated pressure of the high-pressure water pump is 3 MPa, and the rated flow is 15 m³ / h; the water inlet end of the high-pressure water pump is connected with a clean water pool or a backwashing water pump outlet pipe in the plant area through a pipeline, and the water outlet end is communicated with each regional flushing pipeline through a water supply pipeline.

5. The anti-clogging flush system for a sedimentation basin sludge removal trench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit further comprises a sludge state monitoring assembly arranged in the sludge ditch, the sludge state monitoring assembly comprises an ultrasonic liquid level sensor and a sludge concentration meter, the measurement range of the ultrasonic liquid level sensor is 0-500 mm, the measurement accuracy is ±1 mm, and the sludge state monitoring assembly is electrically connected with the input end of the programmable controller arranged in the control unit.

6. The anti-clogging flush system for a sedimentation basin sludge removal trench in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that: The programmable controller is provided with a sludge deposition prediction model, and the key parameters in the model are obtained in the following manner: Real-time sludge deposition thickness h: directly measured by the ultrasonic liquid level sensor, the sensor is installed in the easy deposition area such as the corner and the confluence point of the sludge ditch, the actual deposition thickness is calculated according to the time difference of ultrasonic wave transmission and reflection by emitting ultrasonic wave to the bottom of the ditch; Ditch cross-sectional area S: determined according to the design drawing of the horizontal sedimentation tank sludge ditch, calculated as S=W×D, wherein W is the design width (m) of the ditch, and D is the design depth (m) of the ditch, if the ditch is a variable cross-section structure, the average cross-sectional area of the easy deposition area is taken; Sludge discharge flow Q: real-time collected by a flow sensor electrically connected with the programmable controller, the flow sensor is installed at the outlet end of the sludge ditch or the water outlet pipeline of the sludge pump, and the sludge volume per unit time is monitored in real time. Sludge viscosity μ: derived by preset correlation model, based on sludge concentration C (%) collected by sludge concentration meter and sewage temperature T (℃) collected by field temperature sensor, according to Calculation, wherein is the base viscosity coefficient, the value range is 0.05-0.1 Pa s, is the concentration influence coefficient, the value range is 1.2-1.5, is the temperature influence coefficient, the value range is 200-300 K, the above coefficients are determined by laboratory sludge property test calibration; based on the above obtained parameters, the best flushing time t is calculated by the following algorithm formula: Wherein, k is the correction coefficient, the value range is 1.2-1.8, calibrated according to the actual operation condition, such as flocculant dosage, influent suspended solids concentration; when the real-time sludge deposition thickness h≥15 cm, the programmable controller automatically triggers emergency flushing, the flushing time is calculated according to the above formula and not less than 90 seconds; if h is still ≥15 cm after flushing, repeat flushing until h<10 cm.

7. The anti-clogging flush system for a sedimentation basin sludge removal trench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The programmable controller is bidirectionally connected with the sludge discharge valve and the sludge scraper of the horizontal flow sedimentation tank, and the following linkage control method steps are adopted: step 1: when the sludge discharge valve is opened, the travel switch sends a trigger signal to the programmable controller, and at the same time, the sludge scraper transmits an operation state signal of conveying sludge to the ditch to the programmable controller; step 2: after receiving the signals, the programmable controller delays 0-30 seconds to start the corresponding area high-pressure water pump and electromagnetic valve; step 3: the flushing process and the sludge discharge process are carried out synchronously, the flushing time is set to 60 seconds, and the flushed sludge is discharged synchronously by using the sludge discharge flow; step 4: after the sludge discharge valve closing signal is transmitted, the programmable controller controls the high-pressure water pump to delay 30 seconds to stop, and the electromagnetic valve is synchronously closed.

8. The anti-clogging flush system for a sedimentation basin sludge removal trench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit further comprises a wireless communication module, which is a 4G / 5G module or a LoRa module, and is electrically connected with the programmable controller, for transmitting system operation state data and sensor monitoring data to a remote monitoring terminal in real time, and receiving control instructions from the remote monitoring terminal; when the system has a device fault or sludge deposition exceeds the standard, an alarm information is automatically sent to the central control room.

9. The anti-clogging flush system for a sedimentation basin sludge removal trench in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that: The programmable controller is pre-set with a time sequence flushing program, and the time sequence control method is as follows: the global flushing is started once every 4 hours, and the total flushing time is 120 seconds; the electromagnetic valves are sequentially opened, and the start interval of adjacent areas is 30 seconds; after the flushing is completed, the high-pressure water pump is delayed for 30 seconds to stop, and the electromagnetic valves are closed in the reverse order of starting.

10. The anti-clogging flush system for a sedimentation basin sludge removal trench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply pipeline is divided into at least three independent control areas according to the straight groove section, corner and confluence point of the sludge discharge ditch, and one electromagnetic valve with a pressure not less than 4MPa is arranged in each area, and the programmable controller can individually control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves of single or multiple areas according to the flushing requirements.

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