Aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold and casting process
By introducing a feeding and venting assembly, a mechanical locking mechanism, and a composite cooling system into the low-pressure aluminum alloy casting mold, the problems of low cavity venting efficiency, insufficient rigidity of the locking mechanism, and insufficient cooling capacity were solved, thereby improving casting quality and optimizing production efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing low-pressure aluminum alloy casting molds suffer from problems such as low cavity venting efficiency leading to porosity defects, lack of rigidity and self-locking capability in the mold locking mechanism leading to dimensional accuracy deviations in castings, and poor heat exchange capacity due to a single cooling method resulting in low production efficiency.
Active vacuuming is achieved by using a feeding and venting assembly, a mechanical locking mechanism, and a composite cooling system, including a feeding and venting assembly, a left and right moving assembly, and a lifting and limiting assembly. Combined with a vacuum pump, an electric push rod, and a temperature regulating assembly, it achieves active venting, stable locking, and efficient cooling of the cavity.
It effectively reduces internal porosity defects in castings, improves dimensional stability and production efficiency, shortens solidification and cooling time, and enhances product consistency and production cycle time.
Smart Images
Figure CN121624401A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to an aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold and a casting process. BACKGROUND
[0002] Aluminum alloy low-pressure casting technology is an important means for modern industrial production of complex metal parts. The existing aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold still has some technical defects in actual application, which limits the improvement of casting quality and optimization of production efficiency.
[0003] Firstly, during the molten liquid filling stage of the cavity, the gas exhaust efficiency in the cavity is directly related to the density of the casting. The traditional mold exhaust structure design is relatively simple, usually lacks active vacuum pumping function, and only relies on passive exhaust slots for exhaust. In the process of rapid filling of aluminum alloy molten liquid, if the original gas in the cavity cannot be completely exhausted in a very short time, it will be entrained into the high-temperature molten liquid. The gas will form pores after cooling and solidification in the casting, which will destroy the continuity of the internal structure of the material, reduce the mechanical properties of the casting, and increase the scrap rate. In addition, residual oxygen is also easy to cause oxidation reaction of high-temperature aluminum liquid, forming oxide inclusions, and further deteriorating the quality of the casting.
[0004] Secondly, the mold locking stability has a great influence on the size accuracy of the casting. The existing mold adopts hydraulic and pneumatic direct driving mode when closing. During the aluminum alloy molten liquid pressure holding and solidification stage, a large expansion pressure will be generated in the cavity. If the locking mechanism lacks rigid mechanical self-locking ability, and only relies on fluid pressure to maintain closure, the parting surface of the mold is easy to produce a small gap under the action of continuous internal pressure. This condition will cause the edge of the casting to have flash, and even cause the overall size of the casting to deviate from the design standard, affecting the product consistency. At the same time, long-term maintenance of high-pressure fluid output also increases the energy consumption of the equipment.
[0005] Finally, the design of the mold cooling system directly determines the production rhythm. The existing mold usually uses a single cooling medium for heat dissipation, and the heat exchange capacity is limited. Under the condition of continuous production high load, the heat accumulated in the mold is difficult to dissipate quickly, which causes the casting to solidify in the cavity for too long. This not only prolongs the single casting operation cycle, but also limits the overall production capacity improvement. In addition, the single cooling method is easy to form a temperature gradient on the surface of the mold, which causes uneven cooling of the casting, causes internal thermal stress to remain, and increases the risk of casting deformation. SUMMARY
[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides an aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold and a casting process, which solves the problems of the prior art that the passive exhaust of the cavity causes gas to be entrained to form pore defects, the locking mechanism of the mold lacks rigid self-locking ability, which causes the size accuracy of the casting to deviate, and the single cooling method has poor heat exchange capacity, which causes low production efficiency.
[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application is implemented by the following technical solutions: The present application provides an aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold.
[0008] The aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold comprises a bottom plate and a top plate, both ends of the bottom plate are internally provided with two left-right moving assemblies, both ends of the bottom plate are externally provided with lifting limiting assemblies; The bottom plate is fixedly connected with a first mold on the side, the first mold is internally provided with a temperature adjusting assembly, the top of the bottom plate is provided with a second mold, the second mold is fixedly connected with a second connecting block in the middle, and the second connecting block is provided with a feeding and exhausting assembly at the end; The feeding and exhausting assembly comprises a plurality of feeding pipes, the plurality of feeding pipes are fixedly connected on the inner side of the second connecting block in two rows, the top plate is fixedly connected with two first electric push rods on the side, the bottom ends of the two first electric push rods are fixedly connected with a fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of feeding pipe openings in the inside, and the plurality of feeding pipe openings are arranged on the inner side of the end of one row of the feeding pipes.
[0009] Preferably, the feeding and exhausting assembly further comprises a feeding device, the feeding device is fixedly connected on the side of the top plate, the feeding device is fixedly connected with a feeding device on the top side, the output end of the feeding device is fixedly connected with a plurality of hoses, the inner side of the plurality of hoses is fixedly connected with connecting pipes, the bottom of the plurality of connecting pipes is fixedly connected on the inner side of the plurality of feeding pipe openings, and the side of the second mold is fixedly connected with a plurality of vacuum air pumps, and the end of the other row of the feeding pipes is connected with the input end of the plurality of vacuum air pumps.
[0010] Preferably, the left-right moving assembly comprises an outer shell, the outer shell is fixedly connected on the inner side of the bottom plate, a water pump is sleeved on the outer side of the outer shell, the water pump is slidingly connected on the inner side of the bottom plate, a threaded rod is rotatably connected on the inner side of the outer shell, a first driving motor is fixedly connected on the end of the outer shell, the threaded rod is fixedly connected on the output end of the first driving motor, a first connecting block is threadedly connected on the outer side of the threaded rod, the end of the first connecting block is slidingly connected on the inner side of the bottom plate, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected on the side of the first connecting block.
[0011] Preferably, the lifting limiting component comprises a lifting shell fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate, a tooth block plate slidingly connected to the inner side of the lifting shell, a connecting rod rotatably connected to the end of the lifting shell, a worm gear fixedly connected to the outer side of the worm, a second driving motor fixedly connected to the outer side of the lifting shell, and a clamping block fixedly connected to the end of the tooth block plate.
[0012] Preferably, the temperature adjusting component comprises a water tank fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom plate, a water pump fixedly connected to the inner side of the end of the water tank, a circulating pipeline fixedly connected to the output end of the water pump, the circulating pipeline arranged in the first mold, the other end of the circulating pipeline fixedly connected to the inner side of the other end of the water tank, and a plurality of heating wire assemblies arranged in the inner side of the first mold.
[0013] Preferably, a plurality of first supports are fixedly connected between the bottom plate and the top plate, two second electric push rods are fixedly connected to the bottom side of the top plate, the ends of the two second electric push rods are fixedly connected to the side of the first mold, a mold protrusion is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the first mold, and a heating rod assembly is arranged between the second mold and the mold protrusion.
[0014] Preferably, limit clamping blocks are fixedly connected to the two sides of the second mold, groove blocks are fixedly connected to the two ends of the second mold, the two clamping blocks are arranged on the outer side of the groove blocks, clamping groove blocks are fixedly connected to the two sides of the bottom plate, and the two limit clamping blocks are slidingly connected to the inner side of the clamping groove blocks.
[0015] Preferably, fan shells are arranged in the inner sides of the two ends of the first mold, two filter screens are fixedly connected to the input ends of the two fan shells, a filter plate is fixedly connected to the output ends of the two fan shells, second supports are fixedly connected to the inner ends of the two fan shells, fan devices are arranged in the interiors of the two second supports, a protective shell is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lifting shell, and the protective shell is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second driving motor.
[0016] The second aspect of the application provides a casting process of an aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold.
[0017] S1, the heating wire assemblies and the heating rod assemblies in the temperature adjusting component are started to preheat the first mold and the second mold, respectively; S2, the second electric push rod is started to drive the first mold to move and close with the second mold to form a mold cavity; S3, start the left and right moving assembly and the lifting limiting assembly, drive the clamping block to be clamped with the groove block on the second mold, and complete locking of the first mold and the second mold; S4, start the vacuum air pump, and vacuumize the cavity through one row of feeding pipes; S5, start the first electric push rod to drive the fixed plate to move, so that a plurality of feeding pipe openings are connected with another row of the feeding pipes, and the feeding equipment is connected with the cavity; S6, start the feeding equipment, and aluminum alloy melt fills the cavity through the hose, the connecting pipe, the feeding pipe opening and another row of the feeding pipes in sequence; S7, the feeding equipment stops conveying the aluminum alloy melt, and the aluminum alloy melt is condensed in the cavity under pressure; S8, the first electric push rod reversely drives the fixed plate to move, so that the plurality of feeding pipe openings are separated from another row of the feeding pipes, and the connection between the feeding equipment and the cavity is disconnected; S9, start the water pump in the temperature adjusting assembly, drive the cooling water to circulate in the circulating pipeline, and forcibly cool the first mold; S10, start the lifting limiting assembly and the left and right moving assembly, drive the clamping block to be separated from the groove block, and release the locking of the first mold and the second mold; S11, start the second electric push rod to reversely drive the first mold to move, and complete mold opening.
[0018] Preferably, in step S9, when the water pump is started, the following steps are further included: Start the fan equipment, and external air enters the fan shell through the filter screen to air cool the first mold, so that water cooling and air cooling are cooperatively cooled.
[0019] The application provides an aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold and a casting process. 1、The feeding and exhausting assembly is provided, the feeding and exhausting assembly includes two rows of functionally independent feeding pipes, one row of feeding pipes is connected with the vacuum air pump to form a vacuumizing channel, and the other row of feeding pipes is connected with the feeding equipment to form a feeding channel, so that active vacuumizing of the cavity before filling of the aluminum alloy melt is realized, gas is avoided from being rolled into the aluminum alloy melt in the filling process, and the probability of forming pores in the final casting is reduced.
[0020] 2、The mechanical locking mechanism composed of the left and right moving assembly and the lifting limiting assembly is provided, the clamping block is engaged with the groove block by the motor to form mechanical self-locking, the stable mold locking force is provided to resist the internal expansion force generated in the pressure maintaining stage, the size stability of the casting is helped to be maintained, and the consistency of the product is improved.
[0021] 3、The present application realizes the composite cooling mode of water cooling and air cooling by setting the water cooling system composed of circulating pipelines in the first mold and setting the air cooling system composed of fan equipment outside, the synergistic effect of the two cooling media provides stronger overall heat dissipation capacity, which helps to shorten the solidification cooling time of the casting and improves the production rhythm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 It is a front perspective view of the aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold of the present application; Figure 2 It is a back view of the aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the inside of the first mold of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the inside of the second mold of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the inside of the left-right moving assembly of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the inside of the lifting limiting assembly of the present application; Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the inside of the feeding and exhausting assembly of the present application; Figure 8 It is an enlarged view of A of the present application; Figure 6 Figure 9 It is a schematic view of the inside structure of the fan shell of the present application.
[0023] 1, bottom plate; 2, first mold; 3, second mold; 4, first support; 5, top plate; 6, feeding equipment; 7, water tank; 8, lifting shell; 9, clamping block; 10, connecting plate; 11, first electric push rod; 12, hose; 13, clamping groove block; 14, fan equipment; 15, protective shell; 16, shell; 17, water pump; 18, heating wire assembly; 19, circulating pipeline; 20, fan shell; 21, filter screen; 22, second electric push rod; 23, recessed block; 24, second support; 25, mold protrusion; 26, heating rod assembly; 27, limiting clamping block; 28, vacuum air pump; 29, first connecting block; 30, threaded rod; 31, first drive motor; 32, tooth block plate; 33, connecting pipe; 34, fixed plate; 35, feeding pipe opening; 36, feeding pipe; 37, second connecting block; 38, second drive motor; 39, connecting rod; 40, worm gear; 41, gear; 42, worm; 43, filter plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] With reference to the drawings of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.
[0025] Please refer to the drawings of the present application Figure 1 - the drawings of the present application Figure 8 The embodiments of the present application provide an aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold and casting process, comprising a bottom plate 1 and a top plate 5, both ends of the bottom plate 1 are internally provided with two left-right moving assemblies, both ends of the outside of the bottom plate 1 are provided with lifting limiting assemblies; The bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected with a first mold 2 on the side, the first mold 2 is internally provided with a temperature adjusting assembly, the top of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a second mold 3, the second mold 3 is fixedly connected with a second connecting block 37 in the middle, and the second connecting block 37 is provided with a feeding and exhausting assembly at the end; The feeding and exhausting assembly comprises a plurality of feeding pipes 36, the plurality of feeding pipes 36 are fixedly connected on the inside of the second connecting block 37 in two rows, the top plate 5 is fixedly connected with two first electric push rods 11 on the side, the bottom ends of the two first electric push rods 11 are fixedly connected with a fixed plate 34, the fixed plate 34 is fixedly connected with a plurality of feeding pipe openings 35 inside, and the plurality of feeding pipe openings 35 are arranged on the inside of the end of one row of the feeding pipes 36. The feeding and exhausting assembly further comprises a feeding device 6, the feeding device 6 is fixedly connected with the feeding device 6 on the top side, the feeding device 6 is fixedly connected on the side of the top plate 5, the output end of the feeding device 6 is fixedly connected with a plurality of hoses 12, the inside of the plurality of hoses 12 is fixedly connected with connecting pipes 33, the bottom of the plurality of connecting pipes 33 is fixedly connected on the inside of the plurality of feeding pipe openings 35, and the side of the second mold 3 is fixedly connected with a plurality of vacuum air pumps 28, and the end of the other row of the feeding pipes 36 is connected with the input end of the plurality of vacuum air pumps 28.
[0026] Specifically, the left-right moving assembly and the lifting limiting assembly are used for cooperative action to complete mechanical locking of the first mold 2 and the second mold 3; the temperature adjusting assembly is used for heating, preheating and cooling of the first mold 2; the first mold 2 and the second mold 3 are used for mutual closing to form a cavity for pouring aluminum alloy castings; the feeding and exhausting assembly is used for completing vacuumizing of the cavity and filling of the aluminum alloy melt; the vacuum air pump 28 is used for extracting gas in the cavity through one row of the feeding pipes 36 to form a vacuum environment; the feeding device 6 is used for providing and conveying the aluminum alloy melt; and the first electric push rod 11 is used for driving the fixed plate 34 to control opening and closing of the feeding passage between the feeding device 6 and the cavity.
[0027] Please refer to the drawings of the present application Figure 3 and the drawings of the present application Figure 5The left and right moving assembly comprises a shell 16 fixedly connected to the inner side of the bottom plate 1, a water pump 17 sleeved to the outer side of the shell 16 and slidingly connected to the inner side of the bottom plate 1, a threaded rod 30 rotatably connected to the inner side of the shell 16, a first driving motor 31 fixedly connected to the outer side of the end of the shell 16, the threaded rod 30 fixedly connected to the output end of the first driving motor 31, a first connecting block 29 threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded rod 30 and slidingly connected to the inner side of the bottom plate 1, and a connecting plate 10 fixedly connected to the side of the first connecting block 29.
[0028] Specifically, the shell 16 is used for providing installation and support for the threaded rod 30 and the first driving motor 31; the water pump 17 is used for providing circulating power for cooling water; the threaded rod 30 is used for converting rotary motion into linear motion; the first driving motor 31 is used for driving the threaded rod 30 to rotate and providing a power source; the first connecting block 29 is used for cooperating with the rotation of the threaded rod 30 to move linearly; and the connecting plate 10 is used for transmitting linear motion generated by the first connecting block 29.
[0029] Please refer to the accompanying drawings Figure 3 , the accompanying drawings Figure 6 and 8 The lifting limiting assembly comprises a lifting shell 8 fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate 10, a tooth block plate 32 slidingly connected to the inner side of the lifting shell 8, a connecting rod 39 rotatably connected to the end of the lifting shell 8, a worm wheel 40 and a gear wheel 41 fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting rod 39, a worm 42 rotatably connected to the inner side of the end of the lifting shell 8, the worm wheel 40 meshingly connected to the outer side of the worm 42, a second driving motor 38 fixedly connected to the outer side of the lifting shell 8, the end of the worm 42 fixedly connected to the output end of the second driving motor 38, the gear wheel 41 meshingly connected to the outer side of the tooth block plate 32, and a clamping block 9 fixedly connected to the end of the tooth block plate 32.
[0030] Specifically, the lifting shell 8 is used for providing installation and support for the internal transmission assembly; the tooth block plate 32 is used for moving linearly under the drive of the gear wheel 41; the connecting rod 39 is used for mounting the worm wheel 40 and the gear wheel 41 and making them rotate synchronously; the worm wheel 40 is used for meshing with the worm 42 to transmit rotation; the gear wheel 41 is used for meshing with the tooth block plate 32 to convert rotary motion into linear motion; the worm 42 is used for receiving power of the second driving motor 38 and driving the worm wheel 40; the second driving motor 38 is used for providing a power source for lifting action; and the clamping block 9 is used for moving with the tooth block plate 32 to finally complete the action of locking or unlocking.
[0031] Please refer to the accompanying drawings Figure 3The temperature adjusting assembly comprises a water tank 7 fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom plate 1, a water pump 17 fixedly connected to the inner side of the end of the water tank 7, a circulating pipeline 19 fixedly connected to the output end of the water pump 17, the circulating pipeline 19 arranged in the first mold 2, and the other end of the circulating pipeline 19 fixedly connected to the other end of the water tank 7, and a plurality of heating wire assemblies 18 arranged in the inner side of the first mold 2.
[0032] Specifically, the water tank 7 is used for storing cooling water; the water pump 17 is used for pumping the cooling water in the water tank 7 into the circulating pipeline 19 to provide power for cooling circulation; the circulating pipeline 19 is used for providing a channel for the cooling water to flow in the first mold 2 to cool the mold; and the heating wire assembly 18 is used for preheating the first mold 2 by electric heating.
[0033] Please refer to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 - the accompanying drawings Figure 9 A plurality of first supports 4 are fixedly connected between the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 5, two second electric push rods 22 are fixedly connected to the bottom side of the top plate 5, the end portions of the two second electric push rods 22 are fixedly connected to the side faces of the first mold 2, a mold protrusion 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the first mold 2, and a heating rod assembly 26 is arranged between the second mold 3 and the mold protrusion 25. Limiting clamping blocks 27 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the second mold 3, recessed blocks 23 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the second mold 3, two clamping blocks 9 are arranged on the outer sides of the recessed blocks 23, clamping groove blocks 13 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the bottom plate 1, and the limiting clamping blocks 27 are slidingly connected to the inner sides of the clamping groove blocks 13. Fan housings 20 are arranged in the inner sides of the two ends of the first mold 2, two filter screens 21 are fixedly connected to the input ends of the two fan housings 20, filter plates 43 are fixedly connected to the output ends of the two fan housings 20, second supports 24 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two fan housings 20, fan devices 14 are arranged in the interiors of the two second supports 24, a protective shell 15 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second driving motor 38, and the protective shell 15 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second driving motor 38.
[0034] Specifically, the first support 4 is used for supporting the top plate 5 to maintain the structure of the overall device; the second electric push rod 22 is used for driving the first mold 2 to move to realize the opening and closing of the mold; the mold protrusion 25 is used for positioning or supporting; the heating rod assembly 26 is used for heating the second mold 3; the limiting clamping block 27 is used for sliding in the clamping groove block 13 to provide guidance for the second mold 3; the recessed block 23 is used for providing a locking surface for engaging with the clamping block 9; the clamping groove block 13 is used for providing a sliding track for the limiting clamping block 27; the fan housing 20 is used for accommodating the air cooling system assembly and guiding the airflow; the filter screen 21 is used for filtering the incoming external air; the filter plate 43 is used for processing or guiding the discharged airflow; the second support 24 is used for mounting the fan device 14; the fan device 14 is used for generating a cooling airflow; and the protective shell 15 is used for protecting the second driving motor 38 and the lifting shell 8.
[0035] The present application also provides a casting process of the aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold. The process can include the following steps in one embodiment: In the preparation stage of the casting process, the mold preheating step is performed. The heating wire assembly 18 in the temperature adjusting assembly is powered on. The heating wire assembly 18 is arranged inside the first mold 2, and generates heat by the resistance effect after being powered on. The generated heat is transmitted to the body of the first mold 2 by heat conduction, so that the temperature of the first mold 2 rises.
[0036] At the same time, the heating rod assembly 26 is powered on. The heating rod assembly 26 is arranged between the second mold 3 and the mold block 25, and generates heat after being powered on. The generated heat is transmitted to the body of the second mold 3 by heat conduction, so that the temperature of the second mold 3 rises.
[0037] The heating process of the first mold 2 and the second mold 3 continues until the temperature of the two molds reaches a preset process temperature value. Raising the mold temperature to the preset value reduces the temperature gradient between the molten aluminum alloy and the mold cavity wall in the subsequent filling step. Smaller temperature gradient is used to maintain the flow state of the molten aluminum alloy during the filling process, and to reduce the formation of casting cold shut and underfill defects.
[0038] After the mold preheating is completed, the mold closing and locking step is performed. The second electric push rod 22 fixed at the bottom side of the top plate 5 is started. The telescopic mechanism of the second electric push rod 22 acts to drive the first mold 2 fixedly connected with the end thereof to move. The first mold 2 moves until the mold profile of the second mold 3 is contacted and closed, and the two molds together form a cavity for casting.
[0039] After the first mold 2 and the second mold 3 are closed, the left-right moving assembly is started. The first drive motor 31 in the left-right moving assembly is started, and the output end thereof drives the threaded rod 30 to rotate. Since the threaded rod 30 and the first connecting block 29 constitute a threaded pair, the rotation of the threaded rod 30 causes the first connecting block 29 to make a linear translation inside the bottom plate 1. The movement of the first connecting block 29 drives the lifting limiting assembly as a whole to move to the predetermined working position through the connecting plate 10.
[0040] After the lifting limiting assembly reaches the predetermined working position, the lifting limiting assembly is started. The second drive motor 38 in the assembly is started, and the output end thereof drives the worm 42 to rotate. The worm 42 drives the worm gear 40 engaged therewith to rotate. The gear 41 fixed on the connecting rod 39 rotates synchronously with the worm gear 40.
[0041] The rotation of gear 41 drives the toothed plate 32 meshed with it to move linearly in the lifting shell 8. The clamping block 9 fixed on the end of toothed plate 32 moves synchronously with toothed plate 32, and finally enters and clamps in the groove block 23 on the second mold 3, forming a mechanical locking. This locking state provides a mold locking force against the internal pressure in the subsequent filling and pressure maintaining stage, to maintain the closure of the cavity.
[0042] After the mold is locked, the vacuum-assisted filling and pressure maintaining steps are performed. The vacuum pump 28 connected with one end of the feeding pipe 36 is started. The feeding pipe 36 communicates with the cavity, and when the vacuum pump 28 works, the gas in the cavity is pumped out through the feeding pipe 36, so that the pressure inside the cavity is reduced.
[0043] After the cavity is vacuumized, the first electric push rod 11 fixed on the side of the top plate 5 is started. The first electric push rod 11 drives the fixed plate 34 at the bottom end to move. This movement makes the plurality of feeding pipe openings 35 fixed in the fixed plate 34 butt joint with the other end of the feeding pipe 36. After the butt joint is completed, a communication feeding flow channel is formed between the feeding device 6 and the cavity.
[0044] After the feeding flow channel is communicated, the feeding device 6 is started. The feeding device 6 applies pressure to the aluminum alloy melt, and the aluminum alloy melt is sequentially flowed through the hose 12, the connecting pipe 33, the feeding pipe opening 35 and the other feeding pipe 36, and finally fills the cavity.
[0045] After the cavity is completely filled, the feeding device 6 stops delivering new aluminum alloy melt. The feeding device 6 changes to maintain a pressure maintaining state, and continuously applies pressure to the aluminum alloy melt in the cavity. This pressure is maintained during the transition of the aluminum alloy melt from liquid to solid, to offset the volume reduction caused by solidification shrinkage.
[0046] After the aluminum alloy melt is pressure-maintained and solidified, the cooling and demolding steps are performed. The first electric push rod 11 reversely drives the fixed plate 34 to move. This movement separates the plurality of feeding pipe openings 35 from the other feeding pipe 36, and breaks the fluid communication between the feeding device 6 and the cavity.
[0047] Subsequently, the water pump 17 in the temperature adjusting assembly is started. The water pump 17 drives the cooling water to circulate in the circulating pipe 19 arranged inside the first mold 2. The flowing cooling water absorbs the heat of the first mold 2 through heat exchange, and forcibly cools the mold internally.
[0048] At the same time of starting the water pump 17, the fan device 14 is started. The external air enters the fan shell 20 through the filter screen 21, and forms an air flow blowing against the outer surface of the first mold 2 under the action of the fan device 14. This air flow takes away the heat of the mold surface through convection heat exchange, and forcibly cools the mold externally. The internal water cooling and external air cooling are performed cooperatively, to accelerate the cooling process of the first mold 2.
[0049] When the casting solidifies to a predetermined temperature, the lifting limiting assembly and the left-right moving assembly are started to perform reverse actions. The second driving motor 38 is reversed, and through the transmission of the worm 42, the worm gear 40 and the gear 41, the tooth block plate 32 is driven to move in the direction opposite to that when locked. This movement causes the clamping block 9 to be separated from the recess block 23, and the mechanical locking state of the first mold 2 and the second mold 3 is released.
[0050] After the locking is released, the second electric push rod 22 is started to drive the first mold 2 to move in reverse. The first mold 2 moves away from the second mold 3, and the mold opening action is completed. After the mold is opened, the solidified aluminum alloy casting can be taken out from the mold.
Claims
1. An aluminum alloy low pressure casting mold comprising a bottom plate (1) and a top plate (5), characterized in that, Both ends of the bottom plate (1) are internally provided with two left and right moving assemblies, and both ends of the bottom plate (1) are externally provided with lifting limiting assemblies; The bottom plate (1) is fixedly connected with a first mold (2) on the side, the first mold (2) is internally provided with a temperature adjusting assembly, the bottom plate (1) is provided with a second mold (3) on the top, the second mold (3) is fixedly connected with a second connecting block (37) in the middle, and the second connecting block (37) is provided with a feeding and exhausting assembly at the end. The feeding and exhausting assembly comprises a plurality of feeding pipes (36), a plurality of feeding pipes (36) are fixedly connected on the inner side of the second connecting block (37) in two rows, the top plate (5) is fixedly connected with two first electric push rods (11) on the side, the bottom end of the two first electric push rods (11) is fixedly connected with a fixed plate (34), the fixed plate (34) is fixedly connected with a plurality of feeding pipe openings (35) in the inside, and the plurality of feeding pipe openings (35) are arranged on the inner side of the end of one row of the feeding pipes (36).
2. The aluminum alloy low pressure casting mold of claim 1, wherein, The feeding and exhausting assembly further comprises a feeding device (6), the feeding device (6) is fixedly connected on the side of the top plate (5), the feeding device (6) is fixedly connected with a feeding device (6) on the top side, the output end of the feeding device (6) is fixedly connected with a plurality of hoses (12), the inner side of the plurality of hoses (12) is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe (33), the bottom of the plurality of connecting pipes (33) is fixedly connected on the inner side of the plurality of feeding pipe openings (35), and the side of the second mold (3) is fixedly connected with a plurality of vacuum air pumps (28), and the end of the other row of the feeding pipes (36) is connected with the input end of the plurality of vacuum air pumps (28).
3. The aluminum alloy low pressure casting mold of claim 1, wherein, The left and right moving assemblies comprise an outer shell (16), the outer shell (16) is fixedly connected on the inner side of the bottom plate (1), a water pump (17) is sleeved on the outer side of the outer shell (16), the water pump (17) is slidingly connected on the inner side of the bottom plate (1), a threaded rod (30) is rotatably connected on the inner side of the outer shell (16), a first driving motor (31) is fixedly connected on the outer side of the end of the outer shell (16), the threaded rod (30) is fixedly connected on the output end of the first driving motor (31), a first connecting block (29) is threadedly connected on the outer side of the threaded rod (30), the end of the first connecting block (29) is slidingly connected on the inner side of the bottom plate (1), and the first connecting block (29) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (10) on the side.
4. The aluminum alloy low pressure casting mold of claim 3, wherein The lifting limiting component includes a lifting shell (8) fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate (10), a tooth block plate (32) slidably connected to the inner side of the lifting shell (8), a connecting rod (39) rotatably connected to the end of the lifting shell (8), a worm wheel (40) and a gear (41) fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting rod (39), a worm (42) rotatably connected to the inner side of the end of the lifting shell (8), the worm wheel (40) being meshingly connected to the outer side of the worm (42), a second drive motor (38) fixedly connected to the outer side of the lifting shell (8), the end of the worm (42) being fixedly connected to the output end of the second drive motor (38), the gear (41) being meshingly connected to the outer side of the tooth block plate (32), and the tooth block plate (32) being fixedly connected with a clamping block (9) at the end.
5. The aluminum alloy low pressure casting mold of claim 1, wherein, The temperature adjusting component includes a water tank (7) fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom plate (1), a water pump (17) fixedly connected to the inner side of the end of the water tank (7), an output end of the water pump (17) being fixedly connected with a circulating pipeline (19), the circulating pipeline (19) being arranged in the first mold (2), the other end of the circulating pipeline (19) being fixedly connected to the other end of the water tank (7), and a plurality of heating wire assemblies (18) being arranged in the first mold (2).
6. An aluminum alloy low pressure casting mold according to claim 1, characterized by A plurality of first supports (4) are fixedly connected between the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (5), two second electric push rods (22) are fixedly connected to the bottom side of the top plate (5), the ends of the two second electric push rods (22) being fixedly connected to the sides of the first mold (2), a mold protruding block (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the first mold (2), and a heating rod assembly (26) is arranged between the second mold (3) and the mold protruding block (25).
7. An aluminum alloy low pressure casting mold according to claim 4, characterized by Limiting clamping blocks (27) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the second mold (3), recessed blocks (23) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the second mold (3), two clamping blocks (9) are arranged on the outer side of the recessed blocks (23), and clamping groove blocks (13) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the bottom plate (1), the inner sides of the clamping groove blocks (13) being slidably connected with the two limiting clamping blocks (27).
8. An aluminum alloy low pressure casting mold according to claim 4, characterized by Fan housings (20) are arranged on the inner sides of the two ends of the first mold (2), two filter screens (21) are fixedly connected to the input ends of the two fan housings (20), filter plates (43) are fixedly connected to the output ends of the two fan housings (20), second supports (24) are fixedly connected to the inner two ends of the fan housings (20), fan devices (14) are arranged in the interiors of the two second supports (24), a protective shell (15) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lifting shell (8), and the protective shell (15) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second drive motor (38).
9. A casting process of an aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold characterized by, The aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold applied to any one of claims 1-8 comprises the following steps: S1, start the heating wire assembly (18) and the heating rod assembly (26) in the temperature adjusting assembly to preheat the first mold (2) and the second mold (3) respectively; S2, start the second electric push rod (22) to drive the first mold (2) to move and close with the second mold (3) to form a cavity; S3, start the left and right moving assembly and the lifting limiting assembly to drive the clamping block (9) to be clamped with the groove block (23) on the second mold (3) to complete the locking of the first mold (2) and the second mold (3); S4, start the vacuum air pump (28) to vacuum the cavity through one row of feeding pipes (36); S5, start the first electric push rod (11) to drive the fixed plate (34) to move, so that a plurality of feeding pipe openings (35) are connected with another row of feeding pipes (36) to connect the feeding device (6) with the cavity; S6, start the feeding device (6), and the aluminum alloy melt fills the cavity through the hose (12), the connecting pipe (33), the feeding pipe opening (35) and another row of feeding pipes (36) in sequence; S7, the feeding device (6) stops conveying the aluminum alloy melt, and the aluminum alloy melt is condensed in the cavity under pressure; S8, the first electric push rod (11) reversely drives the fixed plate (34) to move, so that the plurality of feeding pipe openings (35) are separated from another row of feeding pipes (36) to disconnect the feeding device (6) and the cavity; S9, start the water pump (17) in the temperature adjusting assembly to drive the cooling water to circulate in the circulating pipeline (19) to forcibly cool the first mold (2); S10, start the lifting limiting assembly and the left and right moving assembly to drive the clamping block (9) to be separated from the groove block (23) to release the locking of the first mold (2) and the second mold (3); S11, start the second electric push rod (22) to reversely drive the first mold (2) to move to complete mold opening.
10. The casting process of an aluminum alloy low-pressure casting mold according to claim 9, characterized by, In step S9, when the water pump (17) is started, the following steps are further included: Start the fan device (14), and external air enters the fan shell (20) through the filter screen (21) to air cool the first mold (2) to realize the collaborative cooling of water cooling and air cooling.