Winding tool for preparing orthogonal layer composite material plate and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite material forming, and discloses a winding tool used for preparing an orthogonal layer composite material plate and a using method.The winding tool comprises a winding core plate, a plurality of functional modules detachably fixed to the winding core plate and two driving shafts used for being connected with external winding equipment, the two sets of shaft connecting modules belonging to the function module are arranged on the two opposite side edges of the winding core plate in the first direction and the two opposite side edges of the winding core plate in the second direction respectively, and the driving shaft can be selectively installed and fixed in any set of two oppositely-arranged shaft connecting modules so as to drive the winding core plate to rotate in the direction where the set of shaft connecting modules are located. Winding shafts in the orthogonal direction can be rapidly and accurately switched on the same winding tool, the problems that in a traditional flat plate winding process, shaft changing operation is tedious, and the orthogonal precision and consistency of laying layers are difficult to guarantee are effectively solved, the winding tool is easier and more convenient to clean and maintain, and the quality of a prepared composite material plate is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite material molding technology, specifically to a winding tooling and method for preparing orthogonal layup composite material plates. Background Technology

[0002] In the existing technology, the winding fixtures used for flat plate winding mostly adopt integral or simple split mold structures. When meeting the needs of preparing high-quality orthogonal layup composite material plates, they have the following defects: cumbersome and inefficient axis changing operation, insufficient functional integration and rigidity, easy deformation of core plate, low layup accuracy, difficult maintenance of winding fixtures, and poor versatility. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a winding fixture and method for preparing orthogonal layup composite material plates, in order to solve the problems of difficulty in changing the shaft, easy deformation of the core plate, low layup accuracy and difficulty in maintaining the winding fixture in the existing flat wet winding process.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a winding fixture for preparing orthogonal lay-up composite material plates, comprising: a winding core plate, which is a rectangular flat plate structure; multiple functional modules, which are detachably fixed to preset positions on the winding core plate; and two drive shafts for connecting to external winding equipment; wherein, two sets of shaft connection modules belonging to the functional modules are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the winding core plate along a first direction and two opposite sides along a second direction, and the drive shafts can be selectively installed and fixed in any set of two oppositely disposed shaft connection modules to drive the winding core plate to rotate around the direction of the set of shaft connection modules.

[0005] Beneficial Effects: By pre-installing shaft connection modules in two orthogonal directions on the winding core board, and selectively installing drive shafts, the goal of rapid and accurate orthogonal winding switching on the same winding fixture is achieved. This fundamentally solves the key technical bottleneck of traditional flat molds being unable to produce high-quality orthogonal layup composite material boards, significantly improving preparation efficiency, layup accuracy, and process consistency. Furthermore, this winding fixture, through its detachable and reconfigurable modular design, features replaceable and universal functional modules. Users can flexibly combine and replace standardized functional modules according to different board sizes or process requirements. During demolding and cleaning / maintenance of the winding fixture after curing, the detachable functional modules simplify cleaning and maintenance, extending the service life of the winding fixture. Moreover, the modular structure simplifies the winding core board structure, making it easier to improve and maintain the flatness of the processed core board. The functional modules, when assembled onto the core board, not only limit fiber positions during winding to ensure neat fiber arrangement but also provide rigid support within the core board, preventing deformation of the board surface under high tension.

[0006] In one alternative embodiment, the functional module is detachably fixed to the winding core plate by a clamping structure; the clamping structure includes a first clamping block and a second clamping block disposed on both sides of the winding core plate in the thickness direction and engaging with each other, and a fastener connecting the first clamping block and the second clamping block.

[0007] Beneficial effects: The split clamping structure enables rapid and secure connection and separation of the functional modules and the winding core board. This design not only ensures no relative displacement between the modules and the core board under winding tension, guaranteeing process accuracy, but also makes the winding fixture highly modular and versatile. Furthermore, the mating first and second clamping blocks provide rigid support on both sides of the winding core board, preventing deformation of the board surface under high tension.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, a shaft mating hole is defined between the first clamping block and the second clamping block of the shaft connection module to mate with the mounting section of the drive shaft. The mounting section of the drive shaft can be clamped between the first clamping block and the second clamping block through the shaft mating hole. The mounting section is provided with a limiting protrusion in the circumferential direction, and the limiting protrusion is embedded in the shaft connection module.

[0009] Beneficial Effects: By setting a limiting protrusion in the drive shaft mounting section and fitting it into the corresponding structure on the shaft connection module, an anti-rotation design for the drive shaft is achieved. This design effectively prevents the drive shaft from slipping or spinning freely in the clamping holes when transmitting torque from the winding machine, ensuring that rotational power can be reliably and synchronously transmitted to the winding core board, thereby guaranteeing the stability of the winding profile and the accuracy of the layup angle. Furthermore, during the mutual engagement and connection of the first and second clamping blocks of the shaft connection module, the fixed connection between the shaft connection module and the winding core board, as well as the cooperative connection between the shaft connection module and the drive shaft, are simultaneously achieved. The connection process is simple and convenient, achieved through a shaft connection module with sufficient rigidity. The connection process does not affect the flatness of the winding core board, ensuring layup accuracy and process consistency.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, at least one of the first clamping block and the second clamping block is provided with a positioning protrusion, and the other is provided with a positioning groove. The winding core plate is provided with a positioning hole at the corresponding position. The positioning protrusion passes through the positioning hole and is inserted into the positioning groove. The cross-sectional shape of the positioning protrusion, the positioning hole and the positioning groove is non-circular to prevent the functional module from rotating relative to the winding core plate.

[0011] Beneficial effects: The interlocking of non-circular cross-section positioning protrusions, positioning holes, and positioning grooves constitutes the anti-rotation mechanism of the functional module. This mechanism enables precise pre-positioning of the module before fastener tightening and effectively resists torsional torques caused by factors such as fiber tension throughout the entire process, preventing relative rotation between the functional module and the core board. This greatly enhances the structural rigidity and dimensional stability of the entire winding fixture system, ensuring the geometric accuracy of the winding area.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the functional module further includes a limiting stop edge disposed at the edge of the clamping structure and extending from the surface of the winding core board in a direction away from the board surface, for limiting the fiber position during the winding process. The limiting stops of multiple functional modules define a transverse winding area and a longitudinal winding area, and the overlap of the transverse winding area and the longitudinal winding area forms an effective cutting area.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The limiting guards integrated into the functional module act as physical barriers during winding, precisely constraining the fiber bundle layup boundaries and preventing slippage or accumulation, thus achieving neat edges and orderly arrangement of the layers. The "transverse winding area," "vertical winding area," and the "effective cutting area" formed by the overlap of multiple guards directly link process control with the final application, ensuring winding is completed within the designated high-quality areas. The limiting function of the module also limits the width of each transverse and longitudinal winding area, preventing excessive width from weakening the constraint, causing significant quality differences, wasting raw materials, increasing processing time, and increasing the risk of core board deformation.

[0014] In one alternative implementation, within the same functional module, the portions of the first clamping block and the second clamping block located outside the winding core plate are fitted together.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The requirement for the first and second clamping blocks to fit together outside the winding core plate optimizes the mechanical properties of the clamping structure. This close fit design results in a more uniform distribution of locking force and a more direct force flow, significantly improving the local stiffness and overall stability of the connection points. It reduces micro-movements or stress concentrations that may be caused by a loose structure, making the functional modules deform less when subjected to winding tension, and further ensuring the accuracy maintenance capability of the winding fixture under complex stress conditions.

[0016] In one optional implementation, the functional module further includes: a corner limiting module installed at the corner of the winding core board; and a center support module installed in the central area of ​​the winding core board.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The corner limiting module supports and reinforces the corners of the wound core board to address the issue of edge warping that easily occurs under high tension winding of flat sheets. The center support module supports and reinforces the center position of the wound core board to address the issue of central depression deformation that easily occurs under high tension winding of flat sheets, ensuring that the surface of the wound core board maintains a high degree of flatness throughout the entire winding process. Furthermore, it acts as a physical barrier during winding, precisely constraining the fiber bundle layup boundaries, preventing fiber slippage or accumulation, thereby achieving a neat and orderly layup.

[0018] In one optional embodiment, the winding fixture further includes: a leveling cover plate with clearance notches corresponding to the positions of the functional modules. The leveling cover plate can be embedded between the functional modules, and a pair of leveling cover plates can be pressed onto the surface of the fiber layer formed after the fiber is wound on both sides of the winding core plate.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The leveling cover plate allows for direct attachment to the top and bottom sides of the wound core plate after winding, without removing any protruding functional modules. Together with the wound core plate, it forms a closed cavity, achieving a seamless transition from "winding fixture" to "curing mold." During curing, the leveling cover plate applies uniform pressure to the wet fiber layer, effectively removing excess resin, controlling fiber volume content, and precisely limiting the final thickness and morphology of the board. This results in the direct production of high-quality composite material flat sheets with a smooth surface, uniform thickness, and suitable for high-performance testing.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing orthogonal lay-up composite material plates using the winding fixture of the first aspect, comprising the following steps: installing a functional module on a winding core plate; fixing two drive shafts in a set of shaft connection modules in a first direction to perform fiber winding in a first axial direction; disassembling the drive shafts from the shaft connection modules in the first direction and fixing them in a set of shaft connection modules in a second direction to perform fiber winding in a second axial direction to form an orthogonal lay-up.

[0021] Beneficial effects: This method systematically utilizes all the functional advantages of the aforementioned modular variable-axis winding tooling, forming a standardized and repeatable preparation process. Through the steps of installing functional modules, first-axis winding, axis changing, and second-axis winding, the variable-axis capability of the hardware is directly transformed into an efficient and precise orthogonal layup preparation process, reducing the difficulty of operation and dependence on personnel experience, and ensuring process stability and product consistency.

[0022] In one alternative implementation, a release agent is applied to the surface of the wound core board before the functional module is installed on it.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Applying release agent is a key pretreatment step to ensure the smooth progress of the process. It can form an effective isolation layer between the wound core board and the finally cured composite material board, ensuring that the product can be completely and smoothly removed from the core board after curing. This not only protects the surface quality of the product, but also maintains the cleanliness and reusability of the wound core board itself.

[0024] In one alternative implementation, after the winding is completed, a leveling cover plate is fastened to the surface of the winding fixture, and pressure is applied to the leveling cover plate; the pressurized winding fixture is sent into an oven for heating and curing; after curing, the leveling cover plate and all functional modules are removed to obtain a flat orthogonal layup composite material board.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Applying pressure to the leveled cover plate after fastening ensures the density of the composite material sheet, reduces porosity, and achieves precise control over the final thickness. This integrated curing and leveling process directly transforms the intermediate product of wet winding into a final sheet with excellent appearance and internal quality, with a seamless and highly efficient process.

[0026] In one alternative embodiment, after obtaining the composite material plate, the effective cutting area defined on the wound core plate is machined to cut out shear specimens that conform to standard dimensions.

[0027] Beneficial effect: This step defines the effective cutting area pre-defined by the winding fixture as the region for the final shearing and preparation of the standard test specimen. Cutting the specimen within this area completely avoids areas with material defects or uneven thickness that may be caused by the installation of functional modules, ensuring that the specimen taken fully represents the intrinsic properties of the material. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a winding tooling for preparing orthogonal ply composite material plates according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a shaft connection module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A front view of the first clamping block; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Rear view of the first clamping block; Figure 5for Figure 2 Front view of the second clamping block; Figure 6 for Figure 2 Rear view of the second clamping block; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of a corner limiting module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A front view of the first clamping block; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Rear view of the first clamping block; Figure 10 for Figure 7 Front view of the second clamping block; Figure 11 for Figure 7 Rear view of the second clamping block; Figure 12 This is an exploded view of a central support module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 for Figure 12 A front view of the first clamping block; Figure 14 for Figure 12 Rear view of the first clamping block; Figure 15 for Figure 12 Front view of the second clamping block; Figure 16 for Figure 12 Rear view of the second clamping block; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wound core board according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wound core board according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drive shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drive shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a leveling cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Winding fixture; 1. Winding core board; 11. Positioning hole; 12. Connecting hole; 101. Lateral winding area; 102. Longitudinal winding area; 10. Effective cutting area 201. Shaft connection module; 2011. Shaft mating hole; 202. Corner limiting module; 203. Center support module; 21. First clamping block; 211. Positioning protrusion; 22. Second clamping block; 221. Positioning groove; 24. Limiting stop edge; 3. Drive shaft; 31. Mounting section; 311. Limiting protrusion; 4. Level the cover plate; 41. Avoid the gap. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Orthogonal layup composite plates are a widely used standard specimen form for testing the mechanical properties of composite materials, especially in-plane shear performance. Wet winding technology, due to its uniform fiber impregnation and continuous molding capabilities, is considered a potentially efficient method for preparing such flat plate preforms. However, when applying wet winding technology to the preparation of small-sized, high-precision flat plates, existing winding fixtures severely limit its practical application and the quality of the prepared specimens.

[0033] In related technologies, winding fixtures used for flat plate winding mostly adopt integral or simple split single-axis structures. When meeting the needs of preparing high-quality orthogonal layup composite material plates, they have drawbacks such as cumbersome and inefficient axis-changing operation, insufficient functional integration and rigidity, easy deformation of core plate, low layup accuracy, difficult maintenance of winding fixtures, and poor versatility.

[0034] The following is combined Figures 1 to 21 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, a winding fixture 100 for preparing orthogonal lay-up composite material plates is provided, comprising: a winding core plate 1, multiple functional modules detachably fixed to the winding core plate 1, and two drive shafts 3 for connecting external winding equipment.

[0036] The winding core plate 1 is a rectangular flat plate with a regular structure. According to the geometric rules of a rectangle, its four straight sides, four right angles, and two symmetrical center lines provide a clear and reliable physical reference for the installation and alignment of the winding fixture 100. During punching, operators or equipment can quickly and accurately locate the position by measuring the edge distances or diagonals.

[0037] Multiple functional modules are detachably fixed to preset positions on the winding core plate 1. Once fixed to the winding core plate 1, these modules provide a limiting connection capability comparable to traditional integral molds during operation, ensuring no relative displacement between the functional modules and the winding core plate 1 under winding tension, thus guaranteeing the stability and precision of the process. Simultaneously, the detachable connection gives the winding fixture 100 the ability to flexibly reconfigure. Users can quickly reconstruct the winding fixture 100 according to different board types or layup design requirements by simply replacing or adjusting some functional modules, such as limiting modules of different heights.

[0038] The detachable design of the functional modules allows for the individual removal of the modules surrounding the composite material plate and its back during demolding, greatly freeing up demolding space and avoiding the "mold-picking" difficulties that may be encountered with integral molds, effectively protecting the integrity of the sample edges. Simultaneously, resin-contaminated modules can be cleaned, repaired, or replaced individually, preventing the scrapping of the entire expensive mold due to localized damage, significantly reducing maintenance costs and extending the overall service life of the Winding Tooling 100 system.

[0039] Among them, the two sets of shaft connection modules 201 belonging to the functional modules are respectively set on the two sides opposite to each other in the first direction and the two sides opposite to each other in the second direction of the winding core plate 1. The two drive shafts 3 are used to connect the external winding equipment. The drive shafts 3 can be selectively installed and fixed in any set of two oppositely arranged shaft connection modules 201 to drive the winding core plate 1 to rotate around the direction of the set of shaft connection modules 201.

[0040] By precisely pre-setting two sets of orthogonal shaft connection modules 201 on the winding core plate 1 as interfaces for the drive shaft 3, and designing the drive shaft 3 to be selectively installed between them, the complex "shaft-changing" operation is creatively simplified into a movement of the drive shaft 3 between the two sets of shaft connection modules 201. This completely eliminates the outdated method that requires replacing the entire mold or readjusting the complex winding fixture 100, and natively supports orthogonal winding at the level of the winding fixture 100 itself, making continuous shaft-changing winding on the same winding fixture 100 a stable and reliable routine process instead of just a concept.

[0041] Because the installation positions of the two sets of shaft connection modules 201 are precisely positioned in one go through punching during core board processing, their orthogonal and coplanar relationships are solidified during the manufacturing stage. Their precision is far higher than what can be achieved through repeated manual or equipment adjustments before each winding. Therefore, regardless of which set the drive shaft 3 is connected to, the defined rotation axis has extremely high angular accuracy and positional repeatability, ensuring absolutely accurate fiber orientation in both directions and consistent relative positional relationships between layers. This greatly improves the predictability and stability of the final composite material board's mechanical properties.

[0042] The shaft connection module 201 can be fixedly connected to the edge of the core plate and to the drive shaft 3 to achieve torque transmission, and can also define the boundary of the winding area. This achieves functional integration.

[0043] The winding fixture 100 of this application significantly improves process efficiency and lowers the operating threshold. The axis changing operation is quick and simple, requiring no complex measurements and adjustments by professional technicians. This shortens the overall process cycle, improves equipment utilization, reduces reliance on operator experience, and makes the preparation process of high-quality orthogonal layup composite panels easier to standardize and promote.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 12 As shown, the functional module is detachably fixed to the winding core plate 1 by a clamping structure. The clamping structure includes a first clamping block 21 and a second clamping block 22 disposed on both sides of the winding core plate 1 in the thickness direction and mating with each other, and fasteners connecting the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22.

[0045] The first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 are symmetrical or complementary flat or block structures. In a functional module, there may be a fastener passing through the winding core plate 1, and the winding core plate 1 has a pre-set connection hole 12 for the fastener to pass through. The first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 can be connected by bolts and screws, or a bolt can pass through the first clamping block 21 on one side and be screwed into the threaded hole of the second clamping block 22, generating clamping force by tightening. Thus, the huge axial tensile force generated by the threaded pair can be converted into normal pressure between the contact surfaces of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 and the winding core plate 1. The static friction force generated by this pressure resists the deformation of the module and prevents the functional module from translating or rotating.

[0046] The connection between the first clamping block 21, the second clamping block 22, and the wound core plate 1 is achieved using fasteners, resulting in a simple structure, high reliability, and low cost. During the connection process, the clamping force of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 on the wound core plate 1 can be precisely controlled using a torque wrench, making it highly versatile.

[0047] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figures 2-6 , Figure 19 and Figure 20As shown, the shaft connection module 201 defines a shaft mating hole 2011 between the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22, which mates with the mounting section 31 of the drive shaft 3. The mounting section 31 of the drive shaft 3 can be clamped between the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 through the shaft mating hole 2011. The mounting section 31 has a circumferentially oriented limiting protrusion 311, which is embedded within the shaft connection module 201. This establishes a deterministic mechanical surface interlock between the drive shaft 3 and the shaft connection module 201, ensuring the reliability and synchronization accuracy of power transmission under high torque loads. It also prevents slippage caused by resin contamination, vibration, or minor fluctuations in clamping force.

[0048] In other embodiments, the drive shaft 3 and the shaft connection module 201 can also transmit torque by the side pressing of the key and keyway. Alternatively, the mounting section 31 of the drive shaft 3 can be machined into a non-circular polygonal cross-section, such as a D-shaped cross-section with one side milled flat, or a complete square cross-section. The shaft mating hole 2011 formed on the shaft connection module 201 is a corresponding polygonal hole that precisely matches it, and the planar portion of the polygonal cross-section is used directly as the bearing surface to transmit torque. In some embodiments, the mounting section 31 of the drive shaft 3 can be a smooth cylinder, but with through holes or threaded holes machined in the radial direction. The shaft connection module 201 also has radial holes machined at corresponding positions in the clamping area. After assembling the shaft and locking the clamping block, a high-rigidity cylindrical pin is vertically inserted from the outside of the module, or a set screw is screwed in, so that its end is tightly pressed into the hole or recess on the drive shaft 3, so that the relative rotation between the shaft and the hole is directly prevented in the radial direction by a removable lateral constraint perpendicular to the axis.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figures 2-16 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, at least one of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 is provided with a positioning protrusion 211, and the other is provided with a positioning groove 221. The winding core plate 1 is provided with a positioning hole 11 at the corresponding position. The positioning protrusion 211 passes through the positioning hole 11 and is inserted into the positioning groove 221. The cross-sectional shape of the positioning protrusion 211, the positioning hole 11 and the positioning groove 221 is non-circular, which is used to prevent the functional module from rotating relative to the winding core plate 1.

[0050] The functional module utilizes a positioning element with directional locking characteristics that passes through the cross-sectional shape of the wound core plate 1 to constrain the rotational degree of freedom of the functional module relative to the wound core plate 1. This method achieves precise pre-positioning before the fastener applies clamping force and provides reliability beyond simple frictional anti-rotation.

[0051] Specifically, in some embodiments, a protruding cross-shaped locating pin can be machined at the center of the bottom surface of the first clamping block 21. A precisely sized cross-shaped through hole is precisely machined at the corresponding position on the winding core plate 1. A cross-shaped locating blind hole or groove is machined at the corresponding position on the second clamping block 22. During assembly, the cross-shaped pin of the first clamping block 21 passes through the cross-shaped hole in the winding core plate 1 and is inserted into the cross-shaped blind hole of the second clamping block 22.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-16 As shown, the functional module also includes a limiting stop 24 located at the edge of the clamping structure and extending from the surface of the winding core board 1 away from the board surface, used to limit the fiber position during the winding process, see reference. Figure 1 The limiting edge 24 of multiple functional modules defines the horizontal winding area 101 and the vertical winding area 102. The overlapping part of the horizontal winding area 101 and the vertical winding area 102 forms the effective cutting area 10.

[0053] Therefore, this application integrates the physical limiting function of the fiber with the structural support function of the wound core board 1 into a functional module, and actively and accurately divides different process areas and final application areas through the spatial layout relationship of the upper limiting edge 24 of multiple functional modules.

[0054] In some embodiments, the limiting stop 24 is integrally formed on the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 of the functional module. For example, the outer sides of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 of the corner limiting module 202 extend directly upwards with two mutually perpendicular L-shaped stops; the outer sides of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 of the shaft connecting module 201 extend upwards with at least one straight stop. The outer sides of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 of the center support module 203 are surrounded by annular limiting stops 24. The stops of all functional modules have the same height, collectively defining the winding area.

[0055] Therefore, the position of the winding area is determined by the position of the guard, which in turn is uniquely determined by the installation position of the functional module, resulting in high precision in defining each winding area. This also reduces the number of parts required for fiber limiting, improving the reliability and maintainability of the winding fixture 100.

[0056] In other embodiments, the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 of the functional module are designed with standard mounting interfaces. The limiting flange 24, as an independent strip or block part, can be mounted on the interface by fasteners, and flanges of different heights can be replaced to provide greater flexibility.

[0057] In some other embodiments, for processes that require winding layers of different thicknesses, the limiting guard 24 can be designed as a multi-layered stepped structure, with fibers of different layers confined within different step heights. This combines thickness control with planar limiting, allowing for layer-by-layer control of the layup boundaries and thickness through physical guards, thus achieving more precise layer thickness management.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-16 As shown, within the same functional module, the portions of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 located outside the wound core plate 1 are fitted together. The opposing surfaces of the portions of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 outside the core plate are large, finely machined flat planes. When the bolts are tightened, these two planes are in close contact with almost no gap, optimizing the force transmission path and overall rigidity of the clamping structure. The mutual fitting of the portions of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 outside the wound core plate 1 creates a closed, highly rigid force frame in the clamping area, avoiding the limitations of relying solely on bolt tension and the core plate's own rigidity to maintain stability.

[0059] In other embodiments, annular or partial bosses are provided on the mating surface of the first clamping block 21, and matching grooves are provided at corresponding positions on the second clamping block 22. During bolt pre-tightening, the bosses and grooves are first guided to center, and finally the clamping block planes are tightly fitted together.

[0060] In some embodiments, a thin metal shim with high hardness and high flatness can be added between the mating surfaces of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22. The shim can be pre-bonded to one of the clamping blocks. This allows the slight deformation of the shim to compensate for the uneven contact stress caused by the microscopic unevenness of the mating surfaces of the two clamping blocks, ensuring that the clamping force is uniformly distributed macroscopically, and potentially providing a certain degree of damping and vibration reduction effect.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figures 7-16 As shown, the functional module also includes a corner limiting module 202 installed at the corner of the wound core board 1 and a center support module 203 installed in the central region of the wound core board 1. Thus, the functional module provides precise localized reinforcement to address the corner warping and central depression deformations that are most likely to occur in the wound core board 1 under the action of tensioned fibers.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 21 As shown, the winding fixture 100 also includes: a leveling cover plate 4, which has a clearance notch 41 corresponding to the position of the functional module. The leveling cover plate 4 can be embedded between each functional module. A pair of leveling cover plates 4 can be pressed onto the surface of the fiber layer formed after the fiber is wound on both sides of the winding core plate 1.

[0063] Specifically, the leveling cover plate 4 is a thick rectangular flat plate. Through precision machining, notches of matching shape and size are milled at positions corresponding to the protruding parts of all functional modules. The size of the notches is slightly larger than the protruding parts of the modules to provide a small assembly gap.

[0064] Therefore, without removing any installed functional modules that protrude from the winding core board 1, the wet fiber layer can be directly, comprehensively, and uniformly pressed by the shape adaptability of the flat cover plate 4 itself, thereby seamlessly converting the winding tool 100 from a single winding tool 100 into a curing mold. According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a method for preparing an orthogonal lay-up composite material plate using a winding tooling 100 of the first aspect is also provided, comprising the following steps: S1, Install the functional module onto the winding core board 1.

[0065] Before installing the functional module onto the winding core board 1, a release agent is applied to the surface of the winding core board 1.

[0066] Specifically, before processing, the winding fixture 100 is pre-assembled and the surface of the winding core board 1 is treated. First, a flat and smooth rectangular winding core board 1 is selected, and a release agent is evenly applied to the upper and lower surfaces and the four edges of the winding core board 1. Then, two sets of shaft connection modules 201, four sets of corner limiting modules 202, and one set of central support modules 203 are installed in the preset positions of the winding core board 1 by fastening bolts. At this time, the four sets of corner limiting modules 202 and one set of central support modules 203 can at least protrude from the surface of the winding core board 1, and the limiting edges 24 set on them can form the thickness control reference for fiber winding. The limiting edges 24 of the four sets of corner limiting modules 202 and one set of central support modules 203 define two transverse winding areas 101 and two longitudinal winding areas 102, and the four overlapping areas of the transverse winding areas 101 and the longitudinal winding areas 102 form effective cutting areas 10.

[0067] S2, fix the two drive shafts 3 in a set of shaft connection modules 201 in the first direction, and perform the first axial (e.g.) Figure 1 Fiber winding (as shown in the AB direction).

[0068] Furthermore, after the winding fixture 100 has been processed, preparations are made for winding the first axial fiber parallel to the first direction. The assembled winding fixture 100 is then installed onto the rotating spindle of the wet winding machine. Specifically, two drive shafts 3 are inserted into the shaft mating holes 2011 of a pair of shaft connection modules 201 located opposite each other in the first direction of the winding core plate 1. The first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 are initially positioned and connected to the winding core plate 1 through the positioning holes 11. Then, the connecting bolts between the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 22 of the shaft connection module 201 are tightened to rigidly connect the drive shafts 3 and the winding core plate 1, ensuring that there is no relative wobbling between the winding core plate 1 and the drive shafts 3 during rotation.

[0069] Start the winding machine and set the fiber tension. The fiber bundles, impregnated with resin, are wound circumferentially along the first axial direction of the winding core plate 1 by the winding machine. During this process, the corner limiting modules 202 at the four corners act as edge stoppers to prevent the fiber bundles from slipping at the corners, while the center support module 203 at the center counteracts the compressive force of the fiber tension on the winding core plate 1, preventing inward deformation of the winding core plate 1. Winding stops when the winding layer thickness reaches half of the preset first axial fiber winding layer design thickness.

[0070] S3, the drive shaft 3 is disassembled from the shaft connection module 201 in the first direction and fixed in a set of shaft connection modules 201 in the second direction for the second axial direction (e.g., Figure 1 The fibers (in the CD direction as shown) are wound together to form an orthogonal layup.

[0071] Keeping the fiber layer on the winding fixture 100 stationary, loosen the fastening bolts of the shaft connection module 201 located in the first direction and pull out the two drive shafts 3. Then, rotate the winding fixture 100 as a whole by 90 degrees, insert the drive shafts 3 into the shaft mating holes 2011 of another pair of shaft connection modules 201 located in the second direction opposite to the winding core plate 1, and re-tighten them to achieve rapid orthogonal switching of the drive shafts 3.

[0072] Restart the winding machine and continue wet winding on the surface of the laid fiber layer in a second axial direction parallel to the second direction. At this point, the fiber bundles are orthogonally distributed to the original fiber layer. Continue winding until the predetermined total thickness is reached.

[0073] Furthermore, after the winding is completed, the following steps are included: S4, fasten the leveling cover plate 4 onto the surface of the winding fixture 100, and apply pressure to the leveling cover plate 4; After winding is completed, remove the winding fixture 100 from the winding machine. Take out two leveling cover plates 4 and align them with the surface of the winding fixture 100. Since the edges of the cover plates are pre-set with clearance notches 41 that match the position and shape of the functional modules, the leveling cover plates 4 can be embedded between the functional modules without interference and directly pressed onto the surface of the uncured wet fiber layer.

[0074] S5, the pressurized winding tool 100 is sent into the oven for heating and curing; Apply pressure to the leveling cover plates 4 on both sides using a C-type clamp or hot press to expel excess resin and ensure uniform fiber layer thickness. Place the pressurized integral winding fixture 100 into an oven and heat-cure according to the curing regime required by the resin system.

[0075] S6. After curing, remove the leveling cover plate 4 and all functional modules to obtain a flat orthogonal layup composite material board.

[0076] After curing, remove the clamps, leveling cover plate 4, and all functional modules to obtain a smooth orthogonal layup composite material board.

[0077] Furthermore, after obtaining the composite material plate, the effective cutting area 10 defined on the wound core plate 1 is machined to cut out shear specimens that conform to standard dimensions. That is, machining is performed without avoiding the flat areas of the functional modules to cut out V-notch shear specimens that conform to relevant standard dimensions.

[0078] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined in this application.

Claims

1. A winding tool for producing a cross-ply composite panel, characterized in that, The application relates to a winding core plate and a winding method thereof. The winding core plate is a rectangular flat plate structure. A plurality of functional modules are detachably fixed to preset positions of the winding core plate. Two driving shafts are used to connect external winding equipment. Two groups of shaft connecting modules belonging to the functional modules are arranged on two opposite sides of the winding core plate along a first direction and two opposite sides of the winding core plate along a second direction.

2. The wrapping tool of claim 1, wherein, The driving shafts can be selectively installed and fixed in any one of the two groups of oppositely arranged shaft connecting modules to drive the winding core plate to rotate around the direction of the group of shaft connecting modules.

3. The wrapping tool of claim 2, wherein, The functional modules are detachably fixed to the winding core plate through clamping structures. The clamping structures comprise first clamping blocks and second clamping blocks oppositely arranged on both sides of the thickness direction of the winding core plate and a fastener connecting the first clamping blocks and the second clamping blocks. The first clamping blocks and the second clamping blocks of the shaft connecting modules define shaft matching holes matched with the installation sections of the driving shafts.

4. The wrapping tool of claim 2, wherein, The installation sections of the driving shafts can be clamped between the first clamping blocks and the second clamping blocks through the shaft matching holes.

5. The wrapping tool of claim 1, wherein, The installation sections are provided with limiting protrusions in the circumferential direction. The limiting protrusions are embedded in the shaft connecting modules. At least one of the first clamping blocks and the second clamping blocks is provided with a positioning protrusion and the other is provided with a positioning groove.

6. The wrapping tool of claim 1, wherein, The winding core plate is provided with a positioning hole at a corresponding position. The positioning protrusion is inserted into the positioning groove in a plug-in matching mode.

7. A method of using a wrapping tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for the production of an orthotropic laminate composite panel, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the positioning protrusion, the positioning hole and the positioning groove is non-circular, which prevents the functional modules from rotating relative to the winding core plate. The functional modules further comprise limiting stop edges arranged at the edges of the clamping structures and extending away from the plate surface of the winding core plate.

8. The method of use of claim 7, wherein, The limiting stop edges limit the position of fibers during winding. The limiting stop edges of a plurality of functional modules define a transverse winding area and a longitudinal winding area. The transverse winding area and the longitudinal winding area overlap to form an effective sample area. The first clamping blocks and the second clamping blocks of the same functional module are arranged to be in close contact with each other. The functional modules further comprise: Corner limiting modules installed at the corners of the winding core plate. Center support modules installed at the center area of the winding core plate. The application further comprises: Flattening cover plates provided with avoiding notches corresponding to the positions of the functional modules. The flattening cover plates can be embedded between the functional modules. A pair of flattening cover plates can be pressed on the surface of the fiber layer formed after fiber winding on both sides of the winding core plate. The application comprises the following steps: The functional modules are installed on the winding core plate. Two driving shafts are fixed in a group of shaft connecting modules along a first direction to perform fiber winding along a first axial direction. The driving shafts are detached from the shaft connecting modules along the first direction and are fixed in a group of shaft connecting modules along a second direction to perform fiber winding along a second axial direction, thereby forming orthogonal layers. Before the functional modules are installed on the winding core plate, a release agent is applied on the surface of the winding core plate.

9. The method of use of claim 7, wherein, After winding is completed, the leveling cover plate is buckled on the surface of the winding tool, pressure is applied to the leveling cover plate; the winding tool after being pressurized is sent into an oven for heating and curing; after curing is completed, the leveling cover plate and all functional modules are removed, and a surface-levelling orthogonal-lay composite material plate is obtained.

10. The method of use of claim 9, wherein, After the composite material plate is obtained, the effective cutting sample area defined on the winding core plate is mechanically processed, and a cutting sample conforming to a standard size is cut.

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