Electric drive fracturing unit control method and system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an electric drive fracturing unit control method and system, and belongs to the technical field of fracturing. The electric drive fracturing unit control method is characterized by comprising the steps that a drive control instruction of an electric drive fracturing unit is responded, and currently-set target parameters are read; calculating a displacement distribution rule of each electrically-driven fracturing machine based on the target parameter, and generating a stepped control scheme of each electrically-driven fracturing machine based on the displacement distribution rule; executing the stepped control scheme of each electrically-driven fracturing machine, and monitoring the real-time pressure in the well in real time in the execution process; judging whether the real-time pressure in the well is not less than a preset protection pressure, and triggering a corresponding protection rule when the real-time pressure in the well is not less than the preset protection pressure; and executing the corresponding protection scheme based on the corresponding protection rule until the electrically-driven fracturing unit reaches the currently set target parameter or the target parameter corresponding to the protection rule. According to the scheme, the problems that according to an existing electrically-driven fracturing unit control scheme, the cooperative control difficulty and the accurate control difficulty are large are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fracturing, in particular to an electric drive fracturing unit control method and an electric drive fracturing unit control system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The volume fracturing of horizontal wells is currently widely promoted and applied, and the fracturing operation of "ten thousand square meters of liquid and one thousand square meters of sand" has become the norm. Influenced by factors such as improving the efficiency of on-site transformation and reducing the operation cost of single well, the reservoir transformation work of horizontal wells currently adopts factory-like zipper fracturing construction. "Long cycle, large liquid volume and fast rhythm" is one of the most notable features of factory-like horizontal well fracturing construction. How to reduce the operation cost, shorten the construction cycle, improve the work efficiency of personnel and equipment, and ensure the safety of personnel and equipment has become a challenge for subsequent horizontal well fracturing operation. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out research on the self-cruise control method of the electric drive fracturing unit to improve the efficiency and operation quality of the operators, reduce the construction cost, and ensure the safety of the equipment and personnel.

[0003] With the gradual development of domestic unconventional oil and gas reservoir development and the continuous promotion of energy saving and emission reduction, electric drive fracturing has been developed. With the continuous expansion of fracturing scale, the traditional control method has gradually failed to meet the actual needs of large-scale fracturing operation site, mainly in the difficulty of coordinated operation caused by the large number of equipment, high construction risk, difficulty of precise operation, and poor emergency capability. In view of these problems, a new electric drive fracturing unit control scheme needs to be proposed. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an electric drive fracturing unit control method and system to at least solve the problems of large difficulty of coordinated operation and large difficulty of precise operation existing in the existing electric drive fracturing unit control scheme.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides an electric drive fracturing unit control method, which comprises: responding to the drive control instruction of the electric drive fracturing unit, reading the target parameter set currently; calculating the displacement allocation rule of each electric drive fracturing unit based on the target parameter, and generating the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing unit based on the displacement allocation rule; executing the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing unit, and monitoring the real-time pressure in the well in real time during the execution; judging whether the real-time pressure in the well is not less than the preset protection pressure, and triggering the corresponding protection rule when it is not less than the preset protection pressure; executing the corresponding protection scheme based on the corresponding protection rule until the electric drive fracturing unit reaches the target parameter set currently or the target parameter corresponding to the protection rule.

[0006] Optionally, the target parameter comprises: displacement ascending / descending step, target displacement retention time and target displacement.

[0007] Optionally, the calculation of the displacement allocation rule of each electric drive fracturing machine based on the target parameter comprises: collecting a design displacement threshold of each electric drive fracturing machine, a total use time of each electric drive fracturing machine and each preset vulnerable part, and a use time of each electric drive fracturing machine since the last start; assigning the design displacement threshold of each electric drive fracturing machine, the total use time of each electric drive fracturing machine and each preset vulnerable part, and the use time of each electric drive fracturing machine since the last start based on the nine-foot calibration method to obtain corresponding assignment indexes; performing a weighted summation operation on the assignment indexes of each electric drive fracturing machine based on preset weights corresponding to the assignment indexes to obtain a displacement allocation score of each electric drive fracturing machine; performing displacement allocation of each electric drive fracturing machine based on the displacement allocation score of each electric drive fracturing machine and the target displacement to obtain a target displacement of each electric drive fracturing machine; and calculating the displacement allocation rule of each electric drive fracturing machine based on the target displacement of each electric drive fracturing machine, a displacement increase / decrease step length, and a target displacement retention time.

[0008] Optionally, the calculation of the displacement allocation rule of each electric drive fracturing machine based on the target displacement of each electric drive fracturing machine, the displacement increase / decrease step length, and the target displacement retention time comprises: determining a stepwise increase / decrease step length of each electric drive fracturing machine based on a difference between the target displacement of each electric drive fracturing machine and a real-time displacement of a corresponding current electric drive fracturing machine; and generating an expected displacement of each electric drive fracturing machine at each time point based on the stepwise increase / decrease step length of each electric drive fracturing machine and the target displacement retention time as the displacement allocation rule of each electric drive fracturing machine.

[0009] Optionally, the generation of the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing machine based on the displacement allocation rule comprises: generating a control timing table of each electric drive fracturing machine corresponding to the expected displacement of each electric drive fracturing machine at each time point as the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing machine.

[0010] Optionally, the method further comprises: continuously performing displacement control of each electric drive fracturing machine based on the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing machine when the preset protection pressure is not reached; performing a holding timing when each electric drive fracturing machine reaches a corresponding stepwise displacement, and performing a next stepwise control when the timing reaches a preset time until a target displacement corresponding to each electric drive fracturing machine is reached.

[0011] Optionally, the preset protection pressure comprises multiple levels of preset protection pressures, and pressure thresholds of the multiple levels of preset protection pressures are different.

[0012] Optionally, protection rules of the multiple levels of preset protection pressures are the same or different; and the protection rules of the multiple levels of preset protection pressures are any one of displacement holding, displacement reduction, and pump stopping.

[0013] Optionally, the corresponding protection scheme executed based on the corresponding protection rule until the electric drive fracturing unit reaches the current set target parameter or the target parameter corresponding to the protection rule comprises: if the protection scheme corresponding to the current protection rule is displacement maintenance, a preset displacement maintenance time is determined, and each electric drive fracturing unit displacement maintenance is executed based on the preset displacement maintenance time; if the protection scheme corresponding to the current protection rule is displacement reduction, a displacement reduction amount, a displacement reduction step and a target displacement maintenance time are determined based on the difference between the real-time pressure in the well and the pressure threshold of the corresponding grade preset protection pressure, and each electric drive fracturing unit control is executed based on the determined displacement reduction amount, displacement reduction step and target displacement maintenance time; if the protection scheme corresponding to the current protection rule is pump stop, each electric drive fracturing unit is controlled to stop working.

[0014] The second aspect of the present application provides an electric drive fracturing unit control system, the system comprising:

[0015] The acquisition unit is configured to read the current set target parameter in response to the electric drive fracturing unit driving control instruction; the scheme generation unit is configured to calculate the displacement allocation rule of each electric drive fracturing unit based on the target parameter, and generate the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing unit based on the displacement allocation rule; the monitoring unit is configured to execute the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing unit, and monitor the real-time pressure in the well in real time during the execution; the judgment unit is configured to judge whether the real-time pressure in the well is not less than the preset protection pressure, and trigger the corresponding protection rule when the real-time pressure in the well is not less than the preset protection pressure; and the execution unit is configured to execute the corresponding protection scheme based on the corresponding protection rule until the electric drive fracturing unit reaches the current set target parameter or the target parameter corresponding to the protection rule.

[0016] In another aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the above-mentioned electric drive fracturing unit control method.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the present application achieves automatic control of each electric drive fracturing unit through user parameter designation. When the control scheme is generated, the displacement allocation rule of each electric drive fracturing unit is calculated based on the target parameter, and the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing unit is generated based on the displacement allocation rule. Without user control one by one, the present application realizes linkage control of the entire unit, reduces dependence on manual experience, guarantees control accuracy, and solves the problems of large difficulty in cooperative control and large difficulty in accurate control existing in the existing electric drive fracturing unit control scheme.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the application, and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a step flow chart of the electric drive fracturing unit control method provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a system structure diagram of the electric drive fracturing unit control system provided by an embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific embodiments of the application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the application, and are not used to limit the application.

[0023] The fracturing pump truck / skid is the main matching equipment for oilfield fracturing and sand control operation, mainly used for injecting high-pressure and large-flow fracturing liquid into the well to press the formation and squeeze the proppant into the fracture. The equipment can be operated single or in combination. With the gradual development of domestic unconventional oil and gas reservoir development and the continuous promotion of energy saving and emission reduction, domestic fracturing equipment manufacturers have also turned to electric drive fracturing equipment manufacturing field, and each relevant manufacturer has a self-developed electric drive fracturing control system, which can basically realize automatic control of electric drive fracturing unit. However, with the continuous expansion of fracturing scale, the traditional control method has gradually failed to meet the actual needs of large-scale fracturing operation site, mainly in the following aspects:

[0024] 1. Large number of equipment, difficult to coordinate and control: The number of traditional fracturing operation fracturing trucks is 8-12, and one equipment control personnel can complete the equipment control. However, with the increasing development scale of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs year by year, the demand for fracturing truck group in the fracturing operation site is also increasing. For example, in 2023, Sinopec Xingye 7LHF well, 26 fracturing units participated in the operation on site, with the maximum construction flow rate of 24.5m 3 / min, 2-3 fracturing equipment control personnel are often needed to coordinate and control in actual operation, and the coordination and control of fracturing unit is difficult.

[0025] 2. High construction risk, difficult to control accurately: During the fracturing construction process of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, due to the geological factors such as heterogeneity and low permeability of unconventional reservoirs, as well as the engineering factors such as downhole bridge plug displacement, casing deformation and sand plugging, the on-site electric drive fracturing unit needs to quickly respond according to the construction pressure to ensure the safety and sustainability of fracturing operation construction. However, the fracturing equipment control command is currently realized manually by the operator, and it is difficult to realize the rapid and accurate control of electric drive fracturing unit.

[0026] 3. Poor emergency response capability: Traditional electric fracturing units only have one way to deal with construction pressure exceeding the safety limit: overpressure reset. In actual construction, operators group the electric fracturing units according to different safety limit levels to set overpressure safety settings to ensure construction safety. However, under this method, the discharge volume during construction will fluctuate drastically, which will generate a "water hammer effect" inside the high-pressure pipeline and have a certain impact on the safe production of fracturing operations.

[0027] The purpose of this invention is to provide a control method for an electrically driven fracturing unit, which enables centralized control of multiple electrically driven fracturing units. By setting relevant necessary parameters in the setting interface of the electrically driven fracturing unit control system and combining iterative upgrades of the programmable logic controller (PLC) automatic control program, the method achieves platform control of the electrically driven fracturing unit, safe adjustment of output displacement, and gradient safety control protection for the unit. This ensures the safety, stability, and continuity of fracturing operations, thereby guaranteeing the efficient development and rapid production of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for controlling an electrically driven fracturing unit according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for an electrically driven fracturing unit, the method comprising:

[0029] Step S10: Respond to the drive control command of the electric fracturing unit and read the currently set target parameters.

[0030] Specifically, the target parameters include: displacement increase / decrease step size, target displacement holding time, and target displacement.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the solution aims to achieve coordinated control of the entire electrically driven fracturing unit based on user-defined parameters, and correspondingly adds a user parameter specification function. The user sets target parameters based on fracturing requirements, and the entire unit will be automatically controlled based on these user-defined target parameters, thereby achieving safety, stability, and continuity in fracturing operations.

[0032] In one possible implementation, an intuitive and user-friendly interface is developed, including a parameter setting page and a real-time monitoring page, enabling users to easily set target parameters and monitor the unit's operating status in real time. Parameter adjustment buttons and input boxes are provided, allowing users to set parameters such as displacement increase / decrease step size and target displacement hold time, while simultaneously displaying current parameter values ​​and setting status. A parameter parsing algorithm is designed to convert the user-set target parameters into control commands, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of parameter transmission. The user-set parameters are transmitted to the electric fracturing unit's control system via a communication module, achieving real-time parameter updates and synchronization. The operating status of the PLC control system is adjusted according to the user-set target parameters, achieving precise control of the displacement increase / decrease step size and target displacement. Combining real-time data feedback and system status monitoring, the control strategy is dynamically adjusted to ensure the unit operates in its optimal working condition.

[0033] Step S20: Calculate the displacement allocation rule for each electric fracturing machine based on the target parameters, and generate a step-by-step control scheme for each electric fracturing machine based on the displacement allocation rule.

[0034] Specifically, the calculation of the displacement allocation rules for each electrically driven fracturing machine based on the target parameters includes: collecting the design displacement threshold of each electrically driven fracturing machine, the total usage time of each electrically driven fracturing machine and each preset vulnerable component, and the usage time of each electrically driven fracturing machine since its most recent start-up; assigning values ​​to the design displacement threshold of each electrically driven fracturing machine, the total usage time of each electrically driven fracturing machine and each preset vulnerable component, and the usage time of each electrically driven fracturing machine since its most recent start-up, respectively, based on the nine-foot calibration method, to obtain corresponding assignment indicators; performing a weighted summation operation on the assignment indicators of each electrically driven fracturing machine based on the preset weights corresponding to each assignment indicator, to obtain the displacement allocation score of each electrically driven fracturing machine; performing displacement allocation for each electrically driven fracturing machine based on the displacement allocation score and the target displacement, to obtain the target displacement of each electrically driven fracturing machine; and calculating the displacement allocation rules for each electrically driven fracturing machine based on the target displacement, displacement increase / decrease step size, and target displacement holding time.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, the design displacement threshold of each electrically driven fracturing machine is monitored by preset parameters, and the data is transmitted to the control system. The total usage time and the usage time since the most recent start-up of each electrically driven fracturing machine and each preset vulnerable component are recorded to evaluate the operating status and stability of the equipment. The design displacement threshold, total usage time, and usage time since the most recent start-up are assigned values ​​according to the nine-foot scale method, resulting in corresponding assigned indices used for subsequent weighted summation calculations. The longer the total service life, the lower the corresponding assigned value, so that the service life of each fracturing machine is balanced as much as possible during subsequent control processes, avoiding overuse of a single machine leading to failure. Similarly, the longer the usage time since the most recent start-up, the lower the corresponding assigned value, so that idle equipment is utilized as much as possible, avoiding prolonged operation of a single machine and balancing the working time of each machine. This invention's solution achieves intelligent displacement allocation by balancing the usage of each machine, rather than solely allocating based on the design displacement of each machine, thereby reducing the occurrence of failures and providing system operational stability.

[0036] Furthermore, preset weights are assigned to each assigned indicator to reflect its importance in displacement allocation. Based on the assigned values ​​and corresponding preset weights of each indicator, a weighted summation operation is performed to obtain the displacement allocation score for each electrically driven fracturing machine, which is used to determine the priority of displacement allocation. Based on the user-defined target displacement and the flow allocation score of each electrically driven fracturing machine, the target displacement of each machine is determined to achieve reasonable flow allocation. Combining the target displacement, displacement increase / decrease step size, and target displacement holding time, the displacement allocation rules for each electrically driven fracturing machine are calculated to ensure stable adjustment and maintenance of displacement during construction. Based on this invention, through weighted summation and flow allocation score calculation, the flow allocation of each electrically driven fracturing machine is optimized, improving construction efficiency and resource utilization. According to the displacement allocation rules and target displacement settings, precise control of the displacement of each electrically driven fracturing machine is achieved, ensuring stability and continuity during construction. Based on the calculated displacement allocation rules and target displacement, the system enables automated adjustment of the electric fracturing unit, reducing human intervention and improving operational efficiency and accuracy. Combined with a real-time data acquisition and monitoring system, it provides timely feedback on the operating status and parameter changes of each electric fracturing unit, helping users to adjust and optimize the construction process in real time.

[0037] Furthermore, the calculation of the displacement allocation rule for each electric fracturing machine based on the target displacement, displacement increase / decrease step size, and target displacement holding time includes: determining the stepped increase / decrease step size for each electric fracturing machine based on the difference between the target displacement of each electric fracturing machine and the real-time displacement of the corresponding current electric fracturing machine; generating the expected displacement of each electric fracturing machine at each moment based on the stepped increase / decrease step size and target displacement holding time, which serves as the displacement allocation rule for each electric fracturing machine.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, the target displacement and real-time displacement of each electrically driven fracturing machine are monitored, and the difference between them is calculated to reflect the deviation between the current displacement and the target displacement. Based on the difference between the target displacement and the real-time displacement, a stepped increase / decrease step size for each electrically driven fracturing machine is determined to achieve gradual adjustment during the displacement regulation process, avoiding abrupt changes and fluctuations. Combining the stepped increase / decrease step size and the target displacement holding time for each electrically driven fracturing machine, the expected displacement of each electrically driven fracturing machine at different times is generated. The generated expected displacement is used as the displacement allocation rule for each electrically driven fracturing machine to guide the displacement adjustment and control of the electrically driven fracturing machine at different stages.

[0039] Based on this invention, by calculating the stepped increase / decrease step size and generating the desired displacement, precise adjustment of the electric fracturing machine's displacement is achieved, ensuring stable fluctuations in displacement around the target value and improving construction efficiency and quality. The application of the stepped increase / decrease step size reduces abrupt changes and fluctuations during displacement adjustment, lowering equipment energy consumption and wear, and extending equipment lifespan. Generating the desired displacement allows the electric fracturing machine to maintain a stable displacement output at different times, ensuring the continuity and stability of the construction process and reducing process problems caused by displacement fluctuations. The established displacement allocation rules enable the electric fracturing machine to automatically adjust its displacement based on real-time conditions, achieving intelligent displacement control, reducing human intervention, and improving operational efficiency.

[0040] Furthermore, the step-by-step control scheme for each electric fracturing machine based on the displacement allocation rule includes: generating a control timing table for each electric fracturing machine based on the expected displacement of each electric fracturing machine at each time moment, as the step-by-step control scheme for each electric fracturing machine.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, the expected displacement values ​​of each electrically driven fracturing machine at different times are recorded according to the aforementioned expected displacement generation rules. Based on the expected displacement of each electrically driven fracturing machine at each time, a corresponding control timing table is generated, including the control actions and displacement adjustment strategies that each electrically driven fracturing machine should take in each time period. According to the control timing table corresponding to the expected displacement, a stepped control scheme for each electrically driven fracturing machine is designed to determine how the displacement should be adjusted in different time periods to achieve a stable output of the expected displacement. Control strategies for different situations are formulated, including the adjustment of the lifting and lowering step size, the setting of the displacement holding time, and the handling of abnormal situations, to ensure that the displacement control of the electrically driven fracturing unit can be stable and reliable under various operating conditions.

[0042] Step S30: Execute the stepped control scheme for each electric fracturing machine and monitor the real-time pressure inside the well during the execution process.

[0043] Specifically, pressure sensors are installed at key locations at the wellhead and downhole to monitor pressure changes within the well in real time. A data acquisition system is established to periodically or in real-time acquire displacement data and well pressure data for each electrically driven fracturing machine, ensuring data timeliness and accuracy. Data processing algorithms are used to process the real-time acquired data, including data cleaning, noise reduction, and data alignment, to ensure data accuracy and reliability. A well pressure prediction model is established to predict well pressure change trends over a future period based on historical and real-time monitoring data, providing a reference for control decisions. Based on the control timing table generated by the tiered control scheme, the control system issues corresponding control commands to each electrically driven fracturing machine to adjust displacement and control parameters. Real-time monitoring of well pressure changes is conducted, and the monitoring data is fed back to the control system to achieve real-time adjustment and optimization of the control scheme.

[0044] Based on the present invention, by real-time monitoring of well pressure and execution of a stepped control scheme, it is possible to respond promptly to changes in well pressure, adjust the displacement of the electric fracturing unit, and maintain the well pressure within a safe range. Based on real-time monitoring data and a pressure prediction model, the stepped control scheme is optimized, improving control accuracy and stability while reducing operational risks. The application of the real-time monitoring system reduces the need for human intervention, improves operational efficiency and safety, and reduces the workload of operators. Combining the real-time monitoring system and the stepped control scheme enables intelligent management of the electric fracturing unit, improving operational efficiency and quality.

[0045] Step S40: Determine whether the real-time pressure inside the well is not less than the preset protection pressure, and trigger the corresponding protection rule when it is not less than the preset protection pressure.

[0046] Specifically, the preset protection pressure includes multiple preset protection pressures, each with a different pressure threshold. The protection rules for each preset protection pressure may be the same or different; the protection rules for each preset protection pressure can be any one of maintaining discharge rate, reducing discharge rate, or stopping the pump.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, multi-level preset protection pressure thresholds are set for different downhole conditions and operational requirements, enabling judgment and control based on real-time monitored well pressure data. Corresponding protection rules are formulated for each preset protection pressure level, including any one of maintaining discharge rate, reducing discharge rate, and stopping the pump, to address pressure changes under different conditions. Well pressure changes are monitored in real time by pressure sensors, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the control system for real-time processing and analysis. Based on the set multi-level preset protection pressures and protection rules, the control system judges the well pressure status in real time and selects appropriate protection measures, such as adjusting the discharge rate or stopping the pump, as appropriate. A pressure prediction model is established based on historical data and real-time monitoring data to predict pressure change trends over a future period, providing a reference for multi-level protection control. An intelligent scheduling algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the multi-level preset protection pressures, automatically selecting the optimal control strategy based on real-time pressure conditions and protection rules, improving operational efficiency and safety.

[0048] Based on the present invention, by setting multiple preset protection pressures and different protection rules, a multi-layered protection mechanism is achieved, improving the ability to respond to changes in well pressure and reducing operational risks. Utilizing intelligent control algorithms and pressure prediction models, intelligent management of the multiple preset protection pressures is realized, improving control accuracy and stability. Based on real-time monitoring data and set protection rules, the pumping rate is adjusted or the pump is stopped in a timely manner to maintain the well pressure within a safe range, ensuring smooth operation. The application of the intelligent control system reduces the need for human intervention, improves operational efficiency and safety, and reduces the workload of operators.

[0049] Preferably, when the preset protection pressure is not reached, the displacement control of each electric fracturing machine is continuously executed based on the stepped control scheme of each electric fracturing machine; when each electric fracturing machine reaches the corresponding stepped displacement, a timer is set, and when the timer reaches the preset time, the next step control is executed until the target displacement of each electric fracturing machine is reached.

[0050] Step S50: Execute the corresponding protection scheme based on the corresponding protection rule until the electric fracturing unit reaches the currently set target parameters or the target parameters corresponding to the protection rule.

[0051] Specifically, if the protection scheme corresponding to the current protection rule is to maintain the discharge rate, a preset discharge rate maintenance time is determined, and the discharge rate maintenance of each electrically driven fracturing machine is executed based on the preset discharge rate maintenance time; if the protection scheme corresponding to the current protection rule is to reduce the discharge rate, the discharge rate reduction amount, the discharge rate reduction step, and the target discharge rate maintenance time are determined based on the difference between the real-time pressure in the well and the pressure threshold of the corresponding level preset protection pressure, and the control of each electrically driven fracturing machine is executed based on the determined discharge rate reduction amount, discharge rate reduction step, and target discharge rate maintenance time; if the protection scheme corresponding to the current protection rule is to stop the pump, each electrically driven fracturing machine is controlled to stop working.

[0052] 1) Displacement Maintenance Scheme: Based on operational requirements and downhole conditions, a preset displacement maintenance time is set, which is the duration for which the current displacement needs to be maintained when encountering abnormal pressure. When the protection rule is displacement maintenance, the system maintains the current displacement unchanged according to the preset displacement maintenance time setting, ensuring stable well pressure and avoiding the impact of excessively high or low pressure on operations.

[0053] 2) Discharge Reduction Scheme: By calculating the difference between the real-time pressure in the well and the corresponding preset protection pressure threshold, the required discharge reduction amount is determined to restore the pressure to a safe range. Based on pressure changes, a step value for discharge reduction is set, i.e., the amount of discharge change adjusted each time, to smoothly adjust the well pressure. Based on operational needs and pressure recovery speed, the target discharge maintenance time is determined, i.e., the timeframe for reaching the target discharge level. Based on the determined discharge reduction amount, discharge reduction step size, and target discharge maintenance time, the system gradually adjusts the discharge of the electrically driven fracturing machine, allowing the well pressure to gradually recover to a safe range.

[0054] 3) Pump shutdown scheme: When the protection scheme corresponding to the protection rule is pump shutdown, the system immediately controls each electric fracturing machine to stop working in order to avoid the pressure from continuing to rise or other abnormal situations from occurring, and to ensure operational safety.

[0055] Based on the present invention, corresponding protection schemes are executed according to different protection rules to ensure that the well pressure remains within a safe range and to avoid operational risks. Through control schemes such as maintaining discharge rate, reducing discharge rate, and stopping the pump, stable operation is maintained, improving operational efficiency. Intelligent algorithms and automated execution optimize the discharge rate adjustment process, reducing the risk of human error and improving operational safety. The system monitors and responds to pressure changes in real time, adjusting control strategies promptly to ensure smooth operation.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the solution improves the timeliness, safety, and continuity of fracturing unit operation. During laboratory testing, this invention can simultaneously operate up to 16 fracturing units. In field testing, a displacement of 14m³ was set. 3 / min, system step size set to 2m 3 With a flow rate of / min and a holding time of 10 seconds, this invention achieves a steady and continuous output of the electric fracturing unit, reducing the damage to fracturing pipelines and reservoirs caused by sudden increases in flow rate. During the trial extrusion phase, it enables personalized, automatic, and precise control under different pressure protection levels, reducing fluid loss and the risk of misoperation under human control. Compared to traditional electric fracturing unit control methods, this invention significantly improves the safety, timeliness, and accuracy of electric fracturing unit control.

[0057] Example 1:

[0058] The initial displacement of the electric drive unit was increased to 3.5m. 3 Start feeding the ball at 0.5 min, then reduce the distance to 2.0 m as the ball approaches its destination. 3 / min, after the ball reaches its position, the pressure suddenly rises by nearly 10MPa, and then after about 1 minute, the system increases the output displacement to 10.0 cubic meters, 12.0 cubic meters, and 14.0 cubic meters, from 12.0m 3 / min to 14.0m 3 During the / min lifting process, the construction pressure rises to the set first-level overpressure protection level of 80MPa, triggering the discharge "hold" function. When the pressure drops to 79MPa, the program detects that the first-level overpressure protection condition is not met and automatically moves towards 14.0m. 3 The target displacement is increased by 14.0 m³ / min. After the pressure rises to the first-level overpressure protection of 80 MPa, the displacement "holding" function is triggered again. This process is repeated automatically until the displacement automatically increases to 14.0 m³ / min. 3 The system operates at a rate of / min until the operation is completed. During the process of reducing the discharge rate, the operator sets the construction discharge rate to 0, and the software program then completes the gradual and automatic reduction of the discharge rate.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] The initial displacement of the electric drive unit was increased to 3.5m. 3 / min ball delivery, decreasing to 2.0m when the ball is close to its destination. 3 After the ball reached its position, the pressure suddenly increased by nearly 14 MPa per minute. Then, after about 40 seconds, the pressure dropped by about 1 MPa. The system then increased the total output displacement of the electric drive unit to 8.0 m³, 10.0 m³, and 12.0 m³. When the construction pressure rose to the set first-level overpressure protection level of 81 MPa, the displacement "hold" function was triggered, and the displacement was maintained at 12.0 m³. Subsequently, the on-site commander set the first-level overpressure protection level to 84 MPa and the design value of the output displacement to 12.5 m³. 3 After a period of time, the construction pressure suddenly increased, triggering the Level 2 overpressure protection at 85 MPa. The electric fracturing unit control system implemented the pre-set Level 2 protection measures: reducing the output displacement by 1 m³ / min. 3 / min, hold for 1 second, then continue monitoring the current construction pressure. If the construction pressure continues to trigger the secondary pressure protection, the output displacement will be further reduced by 1m. 3 The pressure was monitored at a constant rate of / min for 1 second, and then the current construction pressure was monitored again. Once the construction pressure entered the safe range, the output displacement of the electric drive unit continued to increase according to the designed total displacement. Since the pressure remained consistently at 82MPa, the on-site commander adjusted the design value of the electric drive unit's output displacement to 12.0m³. 3 / min, and the subsequent construction pressure remained within a safe range. In the later stages of construction, the on-site commander gradually increased the design value of the construction equipment displacement to 13.5m based on the actual construction pressure. 3The entire process was controlled by the electric-driven fracturing unit using self-cruising control, and the fracturing operation was safely completed.

[0061] Figure 2 This is a system structure diagram of the control system for an electrically driven fracturing unit provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a control system for an electrically driven fracturing unit. The system includes: a data acquisition unit, used to respond to the drive control command of the electrically driven fracturing unit and read the currently set target parameters; a scheme generation unit, used to calculate the displacement allocation rules for each electrically driven fracturing unit based on the target parameters, and generate a stepped control scheme for each electrically driven fracturing unit based on the displacement allocation rules; a monitoring unit, used to execute the stepped control scheme for each electrically driven fracturing unit and monitor the real-time pressure in the well during execution; a judgment unit, used to judge whether the real-time pressure in the well is not less than a preset protection pressure, and trigger the corresponding protection rule when it is not less than the preset protection pressure; and an execution unit, used to execute the corresponding protection scheme based on the corresponding protection rule until the electrically driven fracturing unit reaches the currently set target parameters or the target parameters corresponding to the protection rule.

[0062] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the above-described electric fracturing unit control method.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. This program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a microcontroller, chip, or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0064] The optional embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details described above. Within the scope of the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not further describe the various possible combinations.

[0065] Furthermore, various different embodiments of the present invention can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the embodiments of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically driven fracturing unit control method, characterized in that, The method comprises: in response to the electric drive fracturing unit driving control instruction, reading the current set target parameter; based on the target parameter, calculating the displacement distribution rule of each electric drive fracturing unit, and generating the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing unit based on the displacement distribution rule; executing the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing unit, and monitoring the real-time pressure in the well in real time during the execution; judging whether the real-time pressure in the well is not less than the preset protection pressure, and triggering the corresponding protection rule when it is not less than the preset protection pressure; based on the corresponding protection scheme executed according to the corresponding protection rule, until the electric drive fracturing unit reaches the current set target parameter or the target parameter corresponding to the protection rule.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The target parameter comprises: displacement ascending / descending step, target displacement holding time and target displacement.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The calculation of the displacement distribution rule of each electric drive fracturing unit based on the target parameter comprises: collecting the design displacement threshold of each electric drive fracturing unit, the total use time of each electric drive fracturing unit and each preset vulnerable part, and the use time of each electric drive fracturing unit since the last start; based on the nine chi calibration method, the design displacement threshold of each electric drive fracturing unit, the total use time of each electric drive fracturing unit and each preset vulnerable part, and the use time of each electric drive fracturing unit since the last start are respectively assigned to obtain the corresponding assignment index; based on the preset weight corresponding to each assignment index, performing weighted summation operation on the assignment index of each electric drive fracturing unit to obtain the displacement distribution score of each electric drive fracturing unit; based on the displacement distribution score of each electric drive fracturing unit and the target displacement, performing displacement distribution of each electric drive fracturing unit to obtain the target displacement of each electric drive fracturing unit; based on the target displacement of each electric drive fracturing unit, the displacement ascending / descending step and the target displacement holding time, calculating the displacement distribution rule of each electric drive fracturing unit.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The calculation of the displacement distribution rule of each electric drive fracturing unit based on the target displacement of each electric drive fracturing unit, the displacement ascending / descending step and the target displacement holding time comprises: based on the difference between the target displacement of each electric drive fracturing unit and the real-time displacement of the corresponding current electric drive fracturing unit, determining the stepwise ascending / descending step of each electric drive fracturing unit; based on the stepwise ascending / descending step of each electric drive fracturing unit and the target displacement holding time, generating the expected displacement of each electric drive fracturing unit at each time as the displacement distribution rule of each electric drive fracturing unit.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The generation of the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing unit based on the displacement distribution rule comprises: based on the expected displacement of each electric drive fracturing unit at each time, correspondingly generating the control time sequence table of each electric drive fracturing unit as the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing unit.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: when the preset protection pressure is not reached, continuously performing the displacement control of each electric drive fracturing unit based on the stepwise control scheme of each electric drive fracturing unit; when each electric drive fracturing unit reaches the corresponding stepwise displacement, keeping timing, and when the timing reaches the preset time, performing the next stepwise control until the target displacement of each electric drive fracturing unit is reached.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The preset protection pressure comprises multiple levels of preset protection pressure, and the pressure threshold of each level of preset protection pressure is different.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The protection rules of each level of preset protection pressure are the same or different; The protection rules of each level of preset protection pressure are any one of displacement holding, displacement reduction and pump stopping. ​ 9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The corresponding protection scheme based on the corresponding protection rule is executed until the electric fracturing unit reaches the target parameter corresponding to the current set target parameter or the protection rule, including: If the protection scheme corresponding to the current protection rule is displacement maintenance, a preset displacement maintenance time is determined, and each electric fracturing unit displacement maintenance is executed based on the preset displacement maintenance time; If the protection scheme corresponding to the current protection rule is displacement reduction, a displacement reduction amount, a displacement reduction step and a target displacement maintenance time are determined based on the difference between the real-time pressure in the well and the pressure threshold of the corresponding grade preset protection pressure, and each electric fracturing unit control is executed based on the determined displacement reduction amount, displacement reduction step and target displacement maintenance time; If the protection scheme corresponding to the current protection rule is pump stop, each electric fracturing unit is controlled to stop working.

10. An electrically driven fracturing unit control system, characterized in that, The system comprises: A collection unit configured to read a target parameter set currently in response to an electric fracturing unit driving control instruction; A scheme generation unit configured to calculate a displacement allocation rule of each electric fracturing unit based on the target parameter, and generate a stepwise control scheme of each electric fracturing unit based on the displacement allocation rule; A monitoring unit configured to execute the stepwise control scheme of each electric fracturing unit, and monitor the real-time pressure in the well in real time during the execution; A judgment unit configured to judge whether the real-time pressure in the well is not less than a preset protection pressure, and trigger a corresponding protection rule when the real-time pressure in the well is not less than the preset protection pressure; An execution unit configured to execute a corresponding protection scheme based on a corresponding protection rule until the electric fracturing unit reaches the target parameter corresponding to the current set target parameter or the protection rule.

11. A computer readable storage medium characterized by, The computer readable storage medium stores instructions, which when executed on a computer, cause the computer to execute the electric fracturing unit control method of any one of claims 1-9.

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