Underground signal transmission device, underground ranging system and method

Abstract

The invention provides an underground signal transmission device and an underground distance measurement system and method, and belongs to the field of underground resource drilling and production engineering. The underground signal transmission device comprises a signal transmission drill collar and a signal processing short section, the signal transmission drill collar comprises a first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, an insulating non-magnetic conductive drill collar and a second non-magnetic conductive drill collar which are connected in sequence, and the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar are connected with a power supply respectively to form a wireless transmission antenna; a cavity is formed in the signal transmission drill collar, the signal processing short section is arranged in the cavity of the signal transmission drill collar, and the signal processing short section is used for encoding and modulating a received underground measurement signal to obtain a first voltage signal and transmitting the first voltage signal to the signal transmission drill collar; and the signal transmission drill collar generates a first electromagnetic wave signal according to the first voltage signal in the underground moving process, and sends the first electromagnetic wave signal to the ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground resource drilling and extraction engineering technology, specifically to a downhole signal transmission device, a downhole ranging system, a downhole ranging method, a computer device, and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of logging-while-drilling technology, drilling operations will be conducted in deeper and more geologically complex environments. Exploration and extraction of resources such as oil and coal in these environments will face severe challenges, including high temperatures and high pressures. Therefore, inaccurate geological exploration or problems with instrument design and operation could easily lead to blowouts. Rescue well technology is one of the most effective means of resolving blowouts worldwide, and accurately and quickly obtaining the location information of the affected well is the core technology of rescue well operations.

[0003] Domestic and international well location tools can be divided into active and passive ranging systems. Active ranging systems generate or alter signals by applying new stimuli to the affected well, then measure these signals. Passive ranging systems, on the other hand, detect the influence of magnetic media such as casing and drill pipe on the Earth's magnetic field to obtain the well's location. During a blowout, the affected well is often inaccessible, and the distance between the rescue well and the affected well is usually considerable. Therefore, for long-distance detection, we use active ranging systems, which offer higher accuracy than passive ranging systems.

[0004] Currently, signal transmission methods for rescue wells mainly include wired and wireless transmission. Wired transmission involves adding a cable inside the drill pipe, with the signal transmitted along the cable to the surface for processing. This method is difficult to implement at greater well depths, as frequent tripping in and out of the drill string is cumbersome and time-consuming. Mud pulse transmission is one of the main methods of wireless transmission, using pressure pulses as the signal carrier and transmitting them through the flushing fluid inside the drill string. This technology solves the problems of wired transmission, but it is also significantly affected by drilling fluid and drilling methods, resulting in a slow transmission rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical deficiencies, this invention provides a downhole signal transmission device, a downhole ranging system, and a method. The downhole signal transmission device uses a signal transmission drill collar to form a wireless transmission antenna. A signal processing sub-section processes the downhole measurement signal to obtain a voltage signal. The signal transmission drill collar uses the voltage signal to generate an electromagnetic wave signal and transmits it to the surface. This enables the wireless transmission of downhole measurement signals to the surface, and the communication via electromagnetic wave signals solves the problem of slow transmission rates.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides a downhole signal transmission device, comprising: a signal transmission drill collar and a signal processing sub;

[0007] The signal transmission drill collar includes: a first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, an insulated non-magnetic drill collar, and a second non-magnetic conductive drill collar connected in sequence. The first non-magnetic conductive drill collar and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar are respectively connected to a power supply. The first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, the insulated non-magnetic drill collar, and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar constitute a wireless transmission antenna.

[0008] The signal transmission drill collar has an internal cavity, and the signal processing section is disposed inside the cavity of the signal transmission drill collar. The signal processing section is used to encode and modulate the received downhole measurement signal to obtain a first voltage signal, and transmit the first voltage signal to the signal transmission drill collar.

[0009] As the signal transmission drill collar moves downhole, it generates a first electromagnetic wave signal based on the first voltage signal and sends the first electromagnetic wave signal to the surface.

[0010] In this embodiment of the invention, the insulated non-magnetic drill collar includes: a non-magnetic drill collar and an insulating coating, wherein the non-magnetic drill collar is a metal drill collar, and the insulating coating is applied to the surface of the metal drill collar.

[0011] In this embodiment of the invention, the device further includes: a probe section, the probe section being connected to the signal processing section;

[0012] The probe section is used to acquire downhole measurement signals and send the downhole measurement signals to the signal processing section.

[0013] In this embodiment of the invention, the device further includes: an insulating short section;

[0014] The insulating short section is located between the probe short section and the signal processing short section, and is used to separate the probe short section from the signal processing short section.

[0015] In this embodiment of the invention, the device further includes: a battery stub;

[0016] The battery sub is used to power the probe sub, signal processing sub, and signal transmission drill collar.

[0017] In this embodiment of the invention, the lower end of the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar is connected to the upper end of the insulating non-magnetic drill collar, and the lower end of the insulating non-magnetic drill collar is connected to the upper end of the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar. The first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar, and the insulating non-magnetic drill collar constitute a dipole antenna.

[0018] In this embodiment of the invention, the signal transmission drill collar is also used to receive a second electromagnetic wave signal from a control command from the ground, and to obtain a second voltage signal based on the received second electromagnetic wave signal;

[0019] The signal processing section is also used to decode and demodulate the second voltage signal transmitted by the signal transmission drill collar to obtain control commands from the ground.

[0020] In this embodiment of the invention, the device further includes: a mud pulse signal transmission component;

[0021] The mud pulse signal transmission component is connected to the probe section;

[0022] The mud pulse signal transmission component is used to convert downhole measurement signals from the probe sub into mud pulse pressure signals and send the mud pulse pressure signals to the surface.

[0023] In this embodiment of the invention, the mud pulse signal transmission component includes: a mud pulse generator, a piston, and a circulation sleeve;

[0024] The lower end of the mud pulse generator is connected to the upper end of the piston, and the lower end of the piston is connected to the circulation sleeve;

[0025] The mud pulse signal transmission component encodes the downhole measurement signal through a mud pulse generator and modulates it into a mud pressure signal. Based on the mud pressure signal, it controls the flow of hydraulic oil in the piston and controls the flow area of ​​the mud through a circulation sleeve to control the mud pressure, thereby generating a mud pulse pressure signal.

[0026] A second aspect of the present invention provides a downhole ranging system for acquiring location information of an accident well, the system comprising: a pulse electrical transmitter and a downhole signal transmission device as described above;

[0027] The pulsed electric transmitter is used to apply an excitation electrical signal to the casing of the accident well after a blowout occurs, so as to form a magnetic field on the casing of the accident well.

[0028] The downhole signal transmission device is installed in the rescue well and is used to detect the magnetic field generated by the casing of the accident well, obtain the location signal of the accident well, and send the obtained location signal of the accident well to the surface.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, the downhole ranging system further includes a data processing device, which is used to receive the positioning signal of the accident well transmitted from the downhole signal transmission device, process the received positioning signal of the accident well, and obtain the location information of the accident well.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, the data processing device is further configured to input control commands for controlling the downhole signal transmission device, encode and modulate the control commands to obtain a second electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the second electromagnetic wave signal to the downhole signal transmission device.

[0031] The downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain control commands.

[0032] A third aspect of the present invention provides a downhole ranging method, comprising:

[0033] After a blowout occurs in the accident well, an excitation electrical signal is applied to the casing of the accident well through a pulsed electric transmitter to create a magnetic field on the casing of the accident well.

[0034] A downhole signal transmission device is installed in the rescue well. The device detects the magnetic field generated by the casing of the accident well, obtains the location signal of the accident well, and then sends the location signal of the accident well to the surface.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, the method further includes:

[0036] The data processing device receives the location signal of the accident well transmitted from the downhole signal transmission device, processes the received location signal of the accident well, and obtains the location information of the accident well.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, the method further includes:

[0038] The control command for controlling the downhole signal transmission device is input through the data processing device, the control command is encoded and modulated to obtain a second electromagnetic wave signal, and the second electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted to the downhole signal transmission device.

[0039] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer device, comprising:

[0040] Memory, which stores computer programs;

[0041] A processor for executing the computer program to implement the downhole ranging method as described above.

[0042] A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being executed by a processor to implement the downhole ranging method as described above.

[0043] The downhole signal transmission device forms a wireless transmission antenna through the signal transmission drill collar. The downhole measurement signal is processed by the signal processing sub to obtain a voltage signal. The signal transmission drill collar uses the voltage signal to generate an electromagnetic wave signal and sends it to the surface. This enables the wireless transmission of downhole measurement signals to the surface and solves the problem of slow transmission rate through electromagnetic wave signal communication.

[0044] Other features and advantages of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed embodiments section. Attached Figure Description

[0045] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 This is a general structural layout diagram of the rescue well provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the downhole signal transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission drill collar provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the downhole ranging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the downhole ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0052] 1-First non-magnetic conductive drill collar, 2-Insulated non-magnetic drill collar, 3-Fishing spear, 4-Probe tube short section, 5-Insulated short section, 6-Signal processing short section, 7-Second non-magnetic conductive drill collar, 8-Battery short section, 9-Mud pulse generator, 10-Directional joint, 11-Piston, 12-Circulation sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0056] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] In developing this invention, the inventors discovered that with the rapid development of logging-while-drilling technology, drilling operations will be conducted in deeper geological environments with more complex conditions. Exploration and extraction of resources such as oil and coal in such environments will face severe challenges, including high temperatures and high pressures. Therefore, inaccurate geological exploration or problems with instrument design and operation could easily lead to blowout accidents. Rescue well technology is one of the most effective means of resolving blowout accidents worldwide, and accurately and quickly obtaining the location information of the affected well is the core technology of rescue well operations.

[0058] Domestic and international well location tools can be divided into active and passive ranging systems. Active ranging systems generate or alter signals by applying new stimuli to the affected well, then measure these signals. Passive ranging systems, on the other hand, detect the influence of magnetic media such as casing and drill pipe on the Earth's magnetic field to obtain the well's location. During a blowout, the affected well is often inaccessible, and the distance between the rescue well and the affected well is usually considerable. Therefore, for long-distance detection, we use active ranging systems, which offer higher accuracy than passive ranging systems.

[0059] Currently, signal transmission methods for rescue wells mainly include wired and wireless transmission. Wired transmission involves adding a cable inside the drill pipe, with the signal transmitted along the cable to the surface for processing. This method is difficult to implement at greater well depths, as frequent tripping in and out of the drill string is cumbersome and time-consuming. Mud pulse transmission is one of the main methods of wireless transmission, using pressure pulses as the signal carrier and transmitting them through the flushing fluid inside the drill string. This technology solves the problems of wired transmission, but it is also significantly affected by drilling fluid and drilling methods, resulting in a slow transmission rate.

[0060] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a downhole signal transmission device, comprising: a signal transmission drill collar and a signal processing sub-section 6; the signal transmission drill collar includes: a first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, a second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7, and an insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2 connected in sequence, the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1 and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 being respectively connected to a power supply, the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, the insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2, and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 constituting a wireless transmission antenna; the signal transmission drill collar has an internal cavity, the signal processing sub-section 6 being disposed within the cavity of the signal transmission drill collar, the signal processing sub-section 6 being used to encode and modulate the received downhole measurement signal to obtain a first voltage signal, and transmitting the first voltage signal to the signal transmission drill collar; during the downhole movement, the signal transmission drill collar generates a first electromagnetic wave signal based on the first voltage signal and transmits the first electromagnetic wave signal to the surface. The downhole signal transmission device forms a wireless transmission antenna through the signal transmission drill collar. The downhole measurement signal is processed by the signal processing section 6 to obtain a first voltage signal. The signal transmission drill collar uses the first voltage signal to generate an electromagnetic wave signal and sends it to the ground. This is used to realize the wireless transmission of downhole measurement signals to the ground and solve the problem of slow transmission rate through communication of electromagnetic wave signals.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a general structural layout diagram of the rescue well provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, in the existing technology, the overall layout of the rescue well is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the well-to-surface current injection method is typically used. The transmitting electrode is located downhole in the rescue well, while the return electrode is located on the surface. A low-frequency, high-amplitude AC power source from the surface is used to supply power to both the downhole transmitting electrode and the surface return electrode. The current flowing from the transmitting electrode into the formation can be divided into two parts: a small portion flows directly to the surface return electrode, while the majority flows into the casing of the well being measured, where it converges into a low-frequency alternating current. A detection sub located in the rescue well detects the magnetic field generated by the converged current on the casing. The detected magnetic field information is analyzed and processed to obtain the downhole measurement signal, enabling the location of the faulty well.

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the downhole signal transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 In the example, due to the instrument's excessive length, it was disassembled into several parts; the dashed lines indicate direct connections between these parts. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the downhole signal transmission device provided in this embodiment includes: a signal transmission drill collar and a signal processing sub 6;

[0063] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission drill collar provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 The signal transmission drill collar shown includes: a first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, a second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7, and an insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2 connected in sequence. The first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1 and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 are respectively connected to a power supply. The first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, the insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2, and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 constitute a wireless transmission antenna.

[0064] The signal transmission drill collar has an internal cavity, and the signal processing section 6 is disposed inside the cavity. The signal processing section 6 is used to encode and modulate the received downhole measurement signal to obtain a first voltage signal, and transmit the first voltage signal to the signal transmission drill collar. During the downhole movement, the signal transmission drill collar generates a first electromagnetic wave signal based on the first voltage signal and sends the first electromagnetic wave signal to the surface.

[0065] Specifically, the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1 and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 are made of non-magnetic materials to isolate the circuits in the various functional sections of the signal transmission drill collar, as well as the fluxgate sensor, from magnetic materials. The functional sections include: signal processing section 6, probe section 4, battery section 8, and mud pulse generator. The magnetic material includes: drill pipe.

[0066] The first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1 and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 serve as the two electrodes of the signal transmission drill collar, respectively. The two electrodes are connected by an insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2 to form a large dipole antenna, which constitutes a complete transmission channel for electromagnetic wave signals in the rescue well.

[0067] In the signal processing section 6, a first voltage signal is applied to the two electrodes of the signal transmission drill collar. The first voltage signal applied to the two electrodes generates a current in the circuit of the signal transmission drill collar. As the signal transmission drill collar moves downhole, the current-carrying drill collar generates an alternating electromagnetic field, thereby radiating a first electromagnetic wave signal.

[0068] In this embodiment, the drill collar is designed in segments: a first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, an insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2, and a second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7. These three segments form a wireless transmission antenna, used to transmit downhole measurement signals obtained from the probe section 4 inside the drill collar to the surface. The drill collar transmits downhole measurement signals to the surface wirelessly, solving the problems of traditional wired transmission being difficult to implement at deep wells, cumbersome operation, and time-consuming. It also addresses the issues of low data transmission volume and slow transmission rate associated with mud pulse transmission methods.

[0069] In this embodiment, wireless signal transmission is achieved by changing the material and structure of the drill collar itself. The structure is simple, does not involve other complex processes, and is low in cost.

[0070] In this embodiment, the insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2 includes a non-magnetic drill collar and an insulating coating. The non-magnetic drill collar is a metal drill collar, and the insulating coating is applied to the surface of the metal drill collar. The insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2 in this embodiment is a combination of a metal drill collar and an insulating coating. Unlike existing non-magnetic drill collars made of ceramic material, this design solves the problem that ceramic drill collars cannot guarantee high-torque operation under complex working conditions.

[0071] In this embodiment, the device further includes: a probe section 4;

[0072] The probe section 4 is connected to the signal processing section 6. The probe section 4 is used to acquire downhole measurement signals and send them to the signal processing section 6. Furthermore, the probe section 4 is equipped with circuitry and a fluxgate sensor to detect magnetic field information in space and obtain downhole measurement signals based on the detected magnetic field information.

[0073] In this embodiment, a retrieval spear 3 is also connected above the probe section 4, and the retrieval spear 3 transmits signals to the various functional sections inside the drill collar for retrieval.

[0074] In this embodiment, the device further includes: an insulating stub 5;

[0075] The insulating short section 5 is disposed between the probe short section 4 and the signal processing short section 6, and is used to separate the probe short section 4 and the signal processing short section 6.

[0076] In this embodiment, the device further includes: a battery stub 8;

[0077] The battery section 8 provides power to the probe section 4, the signal processing section 6, and the signal transmission drill collar.

[0078] In this embodiment, the lower end of the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1 is connected to the upper end of the insulating non-magnetic drill collar 2, and the lower end of the insulating non-magnetic drill collar 2 is connected to the upper end of the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7. The first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7, and the insulating non-magnetic drill collar 2 constitute a dipole antenna.

[0079] In this embodiment, the signal transmission drill collar is also used to receive a second electromagnetic wave signal from the ground as a control command, and to obtain a second voltage signal based on the received second electromagnetic wave signal;

[0080] The signal processing section 6 is also used to decode and demodulate the second voltage signal transmitted by the signal transmission drill collar to obtain control commands from the ground.

[0081] Signal processing section 6 transmits control commands to probe section 4, which then uses these commands to detect various signals in the formation.

[0082] This embodiment enables two-way communication between the underground rescue well and the surface by sending downhole measurement signals to the surface and receiving control commands from the surface through the signal transmission drill collar.

[0083] In this embodiment, the device further includes: a mud pulse signal transmission component;

[0084] The mud pulse signal transmission component is connected to the probe section 4. The mud pulse signal transmission component is used to convert the downhole measurement signal from the probe section 4 into a mud pulse pressure signal and send the mud pulse pressure signal to the surface.

[0085] In this embodiment, the mud pulse signal transmission component includes: a mud pulse generator 9, a piston 11, and a circulation sleeve 12;

[0086] The lower end of the mud pulse generator 9 is connected to the upper end of the piston 11, and the lower end of the piston 11 is connected to the circulation sleeve 12.

[0087] The mud pulse signal transmission component encodes the downhole measurement signal through the mud pulse generator 9 and modulates it into a mud pressure signal. Based on the mud pressure signal, it controls the flow of hydraulic oil in the piston 11 and controls the flow area of ​​the mud through the circulation sleeve 12 to control the mud pressure, thereby generating a mud pulse pressure signal.

[0088] Furthermore, the mud pulse signal transmission assembly also includes a directional connector 10, the upper end of which is connected to the lower end of the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7. The directional connector 10 has a cavity, and the piston 11 and the circulation sleeve 12 are disposed in the cavity of the directional connector 10.

[0089] The mud pulse generator 9 is used to encode and modulate the downhole measurement data into a mud pressure signal. The piston 11 controls the flow of hydraulic oil according to the mud pressure signal to control the mud pressure. The circulation sleeve 12 is used to control the flow area of ​​the mud. The mud pulse generator, piston 11 and circulation sleeve 12 work together to generate a mud pulse pressure signal.

[0090] This embodiment also transmits downhole measurement signals to the surface via a mud pulse signal transmission component. By utilizing both the signal transmission drill collar and the mud pulse signal transmission component to transmit downhole measurement signals, it ensures that the two mechanisms can serve as backups for each other, and that both mechanisms can transmit downhole measurement signals to the surface, thus solving the technical problem of existing technologies being unable to transmit large amounts of downhole measurement data.

[0091] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the downhole ranging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the downhole ranging system provided in this embodiment is used to obtain the location information of the accident well, including: a pulse electrical transmitter and the downhole signal transmission device as described above;

[0092] The pulsed electric transmitter is used to apply an excitation electrical signal to the casing of the accident well after a blowout occurs, so as to form a magnetic field on the casing of the accident well.

[0093] The downhole signal transmission device is installed in the rescue well and is used to detect the magnetic field generated by the casing of the accident well, obtain the location signal of the accident well, and send the obtained location signal of the accident well to the surface.

[0094] Specifically, the distance and orientation of the rescue well and the accident well are determined by pre-applying an excitation electrical signal to the casing of the accident well in the rescue well; and by detecting the response of the accident well to the excitation electrical signal through the probe section 4.

[0095] Detailed principle description:

[0096] ① A pulsed electric transmitter is lowered into the rescue well. The ground power supply system provides low-frequency alternating current to the pulsed electric transmitter through a cable, injecting low-frequency alternating large current into the surrounding strata. The current accumulates in the casing or drill pipe of the accident well.

[0097] ②A low-frequency alternating magnetic field is induced around the casing of the accident well;

[0098] ③ The alternating magnetic field induction intensity of the detection well string in case of an accident is transmitted to the surface;

[0099] The ranging software calculates and determines the distance and orientation between the accident well and the rescue well based on the measurement parameters and parameters such as the size of the accident well.

[0100] Specifically, the calculation formulas for the accident well and the rescue well for probe section 4 are as follows:

[0101]

[0102] Where H(z) is the magnetic induction intensity of the casing, μ0 is the vacuum conductivity, L is the distance between the transmitting electrode and the probe section in the rescue well, and r is the distance between the probe in the rescue well and the casing of the accident well. e Let I0 be the radius of a cylinder whose resistivity is equivalent to that of a homogeneous layer, and α be the initial current of the emitting electrode. c This represents the average well inclination angle of the rescue well section.

[0103] In this embodiment, the downhole ranging system further includes a data processing device, which is used to receive the positioning signal of the accident well transmitted from the downhole signal transmission device, process the received positioning signal of the accident well, and obtain the location information of the accident well.

[0104] In this embodiment, the data processing device is further configured to input control commands for controlling the downhole signal transmission device, encode and modulate the control commands to obtain a second electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the second electromagnetic wave signal to the downhole signal transmission device.

[0105] The downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain control commands. More specifically, the signal transmission drill collar receives the second electromagnetic wave signal from the ground and obtains a second voltage signal based on the received second electromagnetic wave signal; the signal processing section 6 is used to decode and demodulate the second voltage signal transmitted by the signal transmission drill collar to obtain control commands from the ground.

[0106] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the downhole ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the downhole ranging method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0107] S1. After a blowout occurs in the accident well, an excitation electrical signal is applied to the casing of the accident well through a pulsed electric transmitter to form a magnetic field on the casing of the accident well;

[0108] S2. Install the downhole signal transmission device in the rescue well, detect the magnetic field generated by the casing of the accident well through the downhole signal transmission device, obtain the positioning signal of the accident well, and send the positioning signal of the accident well to the surface.

[0109] Specifically, the distance and orientation of the rescue well and the accident well are determined by pre-applying an excitation electrical signal to the casing of the accident well in the rescue well; and by detecting the response of the accident well to the excitation electrical signal through the probe section 4.

[0110] Detailed principle description:

[0111] ① A pulsed electric transmitter is lowered into the rescue well. The ground power supply system provides low-frequency alternating current to the pulsed electric transmitter through a cable, injecting low-frequency alternating large current into the surrounding strata. The current accumulates in the casing or drill pipe of the accident well.

[0112] ②A low-frequency alternating magnetic field is induced around the casing of the accident well;

[0113] ③ The alternating magnetic field induction intensity of the detection well string in case of an accident is transmitted to the surface;

[0114] The ranging software calculates and determines the distance and orientation between the accident well and the rescue well based on the measurement parameters and parameters such as the size of the accident well.

[0115] Specifically, the calculation formulas for the accident well and the rescue well for probe section 4 are as follows:

[0116]

[0117] Where H(z) is the magnetic induction intensity of the casing, μ0 is the vacuum conductivity, L is the distance between the transmitting electrode and the probe section in the rescue well, and r is the distance between the probe in the rescue well and the casing of the accident well. e Let I0 be the radius of a cylinder whose resistivity is equivalent to that of a homogeneous layer, and α be the initial current of the emitting electrode. c This represents the average well inclination angle of the rescue well section.

[0118] The method further includes:

[0119] S3. Receive the location signal of the accident well transmitted from the downhole signal transmission device through the data processing device, process the received location signal of the accident well, and obtain the location information of the accident well.

[0120] The method further includes:

[0121] S4. Input control commands for controlling the downhole signal transmission device through the data processing device, encode and modulate the control commands to obtain a second electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the second electromagnetic wave signal to the downhole signal transmission device.

[0122] Furthermore, in step S5, the downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain control commands.

[0123] More specifically, the signal transmission drill collar receives a second electromagnetic wave signal from the ground and obtains a second voltage signal based on the received second electromagnetic wave signal; the signal processing section 6 is used to decode and demodulate the second voltage signal transmitted by the signal transmission drill collar to obtain control commands from the ground.

[0124] The present invention also provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program, the computer program being stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor to implement the downhole ranging method described above.

[0125] This invention also provides a machine-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the downhole ranging method described above.

[0126] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0127] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0128] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0129] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0130] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0131] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A downhole signal transmission device, characterized in that, The device comprises: a signal transmission drill collar and a signal processing short section; the signal transmission drill collar comprises a first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, an insulating non-magnetic drill collar and a second non-magnetic conductive drill collar connected in sequence, the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar are connected with a power supply, and the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, the insulating non-magnetic drill collar and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar constitute a wireless transmission antenna; the signal transmission drill collar has a cavity inside, the signal processing short section is arranged in the cavity of the signal transmission drill collar, the signal processing short section is used for encoding and modulating a received downhole measurement signal to obtain a first voltage signal, and the first voltage signal is transmitted to the signal transmission drill collar; the signal transmission drill collar generates a first electromagnetic wave signal according to the first voltage signal during downhole movement and sends the first electromagnetic wave signal to the ground.

2. The downhole signal transmission device of claim 1, wherein, The insulating non-magnetic drill collar comprises a non-magnetic drill collar and an insulating coating, the non-magnetic drill collar is a metal drill collar, and the insulating coating is coated on the surface of the metal drill collar.

3. The downhole signal transmission device of claim 1, wherein, The device further comprises a probe short section connected with the signal processing short section; the probe short section is used for acquiring a downhole measurement signal and sending the downhole measurement signal to the signal processing short section.

4. A downhole signal transmission arrangement according to claim 3, characterised in that, The device further comprises an insulating short section; the insulating short section is arranged between the probe short section and the signal processing short section and is used for separating the probe short section and the signal processing short section.

5. The downhole signal transmission device of claim 3, wherein, The device further comprises a battery short section; the battery short section is used for supplying power to the probe short section, the signal processing short section and the signal transmission drill collar.

6. The downhole signal transmission device of claim 1, wherein, The lower end of the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar is connected with the upper end of the insulating non-magnetic drill collar, the lower end of the insulating non-magnetic drill collar is connected with the upper end of the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar, and the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar and the insulating non-magnetic drill collar constitute a dipole antenna.

7. A downhole signal transmission arrangement according to claim 6, characterised in that The signal transmission drill collar is further used for receiving a second electromagnetic wave signal of a control instruction from the ground, obtaining a second voltage signal according to the received second electromagnetic wave signal; the signal processing short section is further used for decoding and demodulating the second voltage signal transmitted by the signal transmission drill collar to obtain the control instruction from the ground.

8. The downhole signal transmission device of claim 3, wherein, The device further comprises a mud pulse signal transmission assembly; the mud pulse signal transmission assembly is connected with the probe short section; the mud pulse signal transmission assembly is used for converting a downhole measurement signal from the probe short section into a mud pulse pressure signal and sending the mud pulse pressure signal to the ground.

9. A downhole signal transmission arrangement according to claim 8, characterised in that, The mud pulse signal transmission assembly comprises a mud pulse generator, a piston and a circulation sleeve; the lower end of the mud pulse generator is connected with the upper end of the piston, and the lower end of the piston is connected with the circulation sleeve; the mud pulse signal transmission assembly encodes the downhole measurement signal by the mud pulse generator and modulates the downhole measurement signal into a mud pressure signal, controls the flow of hydraulic oil in the piston according to the mud pressure signal, controls the flow area of mud by the circulation sleeve to control the pressure of mud, and generates a mud pulse pressure signal.

10. A downhole ranging system for obtaining location information of a problem well, characterized by The system comprises a pulse electric emission device and a downhole signal transmission device as claimed in any one of claims 1-9. The pulse electric emission device is used to apply an exciting electric signal to the casing of the blowout well after the blowout of the blowout well, so as to form a magnetic field on the casing of the blowout well. The downhole signal transmission device is installed in the rescue well and is used to detect the magnetic field generated by the casing of the blowout well, obtain a positioning signal of the blowout well, and transmit the obtained positioning signal of the blowout well to the ground.

11. The downhole ranging system of claim 10, wherein, Further comprising: The data processing device is used to receive the positioning signal of the blowout well transmitted by the downhole signal transmission device, process the received positioning signal of the blowout well, and obtain the position information of the blowout well.

12. The downhole ranging system of claim 11, wherein, The data processing device is also used to input a control instruction for controlling the downhole signal transmission device, encode and modulate the control instruction to obtain a second electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the second electromagnetic wave signal to the downhole signal transmission device. The downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain the control instruction.

13. A method of downhole ranging, characterized by, Comprising: After the blowout of the blowout well, an exciting electric signal is applied to the casing of the blowout well by the pulse electric emission device, so as to form a magnetic field on the casing of the blowout well. The downhole signal transmission device is installed in the rescue well and is used to detect the magnetic field generated by the casing of the blowout well, obtain a positioning signal of the blowout well, and transmit the obtained positioning signal of the blowout well to the ground.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, The method further comprises: The data processing device receives the positioning signal of the blowout well transmitted by the downhole signal transmission device, processes the received positioning signal of the blowout well, and obtains the position information of the blowout well.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, The method further comprises: The data processing device inputs a control instruction for controlling the downhole signal transmission device, encodes and modulates the control instruction to obtain a second electromagnetic wave signal, and transmits the second electromagnetic wave signal to the downhole signal transmission device. The downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain the control instruction.

16. A computer device, comprising: Comprising: A memory storing a computer program; A processor configured to execute the computer program to implement the downhole ranging method of any one of claims 13-15.

17. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the downhole ranging method of any one of claims 13-15.

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