High-speed gas-liquid driving device with impact module capable of being automatically separated

Abstract

The invention relates to an impact test technology, in particular to a high-speed gas-liquid driving device with an impact module capable of being automatically separated, which comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder, an impact cylinder, an impact rod, an oil inlet and return pipe, a static pressure support piece, a static pressure support oil inlet pipe, a static pressure support oil return pipe, a valve block, a high-pressure energy accumulator and a low-pressure energy accumulator, the impact rod is driven to move downwards through a high-pressure fluid medium, and the low-pressure energy accumulator and the high-pressure energy accumulator are used for braking buffering in the downward moving process of the impact rod. An impact module is mounted on the automatic separation mechanism, and when the impact rod is braked in the downward moving process, the automatic separation mechanism is automatically opened, so that the impact module is separated from the automatic separation mechanism. The device is stable and reliable in structure, the impact cylinder can achieve high-speed acceleration and rapid deceleration of the impact rod, the automatic disengaging mechanism enables the impact block to disengage instantly through rapid deceleration of the impact rod, high-speed impact with the controllable speed is achieved, the device is easy, convenient and safe to operate, and smooth implementation of a precise impact test can be guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to impact test technology, in particular to a high-speed gas-liquid driving device with automatic disengagement of the impact module. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the condition of informatization, weapon systems are continuously developing towards "steady, accurate and deadly" in order to achieve efficient damage, and the attack on targets has been transformed from traditional area damage to point damage. Especially with the emergence of precision guided weapons and large yield weapons (such as MOP), the traditional protective engineering, especially the head engineering, is exposed to the threat range of near-zone explosion, and it is urgent to conduct in-depth and refined research on the damage mechanism of near-zone target structure explosion.

[0003] Many domestic research institutions have done a lot of research and development work on near-zone explosion simulation test technology. At present, the indoor near-zone explosion simulation test technology that applies non-explosive method to apply similar explosive blast wave load to the test piece in the laboratory is mainly the drop hammer impact testing machine. Since the free-fall method is used, the impact speed is generally low and the error is large, which cannot effectively simulate the explosion load waveform. Therefore, at present, domestic conditions do not have the condition to simulate full-size model test under large yield explosion, and cannot effectively solve the technical problems of near-zone measurement, resulting in lack of basic data for damage mechanism research, and cannot meet the new needs of weapon damage effect and damage assessment and engineering protection technology research under the condition of informatization.

[0004] After checking the Chinese patent network, patents related to high-speed drivers, impact test equipment and disengagement devices, such as application number 201910665427.6, a large-scale precision impact test system, only involves the overall layout and auxiliary structure of the system, and does not involve how the impact module realizes acceleration and reliable disengagement; such as application number 2023103075704, a disengagement device, the structure is obviously too complex, and it is not convenient to use and operate, and the reliability is insufficient. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background art research, the purpose of the present application is to provide a high-speed gas-liquid driving device with automatic disengagement of the impact module, which can realize rapid acceleration, deceleration and automatic disengagement of the impact module, has high reliability and is easy to operate.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: The application discloses a high-speed gas-liquid driving device with automatic separation of impact module, which comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder, an impact cylinder, an impact rod and an oil inlet and return pipe, wherein the impact cylinder is vertically fixed on a frame, the upper end of the impact rod is provided with a first piston which is slidably arranged in the impact cylinder, the lower end of the impact rod extends to the outside of the lower end cylinder head of the impact cylinder and is provided with a connecting seat, the connecting seat is connected with an automatic separation mechanism, and the automatic separation mechanism is connected with an impact module; the high-pressure gas cylinder is fixedly connected with a rodless cavity of the impact cylinder, the lower part of a rod cavity of the impact cylinder is connected with an oil inlet and return pipe on each side, the oil inlet and return pipe is connected with an external oil tank, the oil inlet and return pipe is connected with a valve block through a high-speed switch valve group, and the valve block is connected with a low-pressure accumulator and a high-pressure accumulator respectively; when the high-pressure gas cylinder establishes high pressure and drives the impact rod to move downwards by releasing high-pressure fluid medium, the high-speed switch valve group is opened, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the impact cylinder enters the valve block through the oil inlet and return pipe, the low-pressure accumulator is compressed and pressurized at this time, the acceleration stroke of the impact rod is limited, and the pressurization is continuously carried out after the impact rod reaches the predetermined acceleration stroke; when the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the impact cylinder is greater than the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator, the high-pressure accumulator receives the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the impact cylinder and provides high-pressure resistance, so that the impact rod is rapidly braked, and the automatic separation mechanism is automatically opened when the impact rod is braked, so that the impact module is separated from the automatic separation mechanism.

[0007] The inner hole of the lower end cylinder head of the impact cylinder is provided with a static pressure support, the static pressure support is provided with a first through hole, the outer wall of the static pressure support is sealingly connected with the inner hole of the lower end cylinder head of the impact cylinder, the first through hole of the static pressure support is slidingly and sealingly connected with the impact rod, and a plurality of annular oil grooves are arranged on the wall of the first through hole of the static pressure support, the annular oil grooves are connected with an external static pressure oil cylinder through a static pressure support oil inlet pipe and a static pressure support oil return pipe, and the static pressure support is established when the annular oil grooves are filled with hydraulic oil, that is, the static pressure support is established between the first through hole of the static pressure support and the impact rod.

[0008] The impact rod is connected with an anti-rotation mechanism, the anti-rotation mechanism comprises a fixed nut, a fixed disc and an anti-rotation rod, the fixed disc is fixedly installed at the upper end of the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder, the upper end of the anti-rotation rod is fixedly connected with the fixed disc through the fixed nut, and the lower end of the anti-rotation rod is inserted into the impact rod and is slidingly connected with the impact rod; the anti-rotation rod is a rectangular square rod; and the fixed disc is a spoke structure, so that the fluid medium driven by the high-pressure gas cylinder can enter the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder.

[0009] The automatic separation mechanism comprises a brittle fracture screw and a fastening nut, the impact module comprises a connecting flange and an impact block, the upper end of the brittle fracture screw is connected with the connecting seat at the lower end of the impact rod, the upper end of the connecting flange is connected with the brittle fracture screw through the fastening nut, and the lower end of the connecting flange is fixedly connected with the impact block.

[0010] The valve block is provided with an oil return cavity, one end of the oil return cavity is connected with the oil inlet and return pipe through the high-speed switch valve group, and the other end of the oil return cavity is connected with the low-pressure accumulator and the high-pressure accumulator respectively.

[0011] The low-pressure accumulator comprises a third cylinder and a third piston, the first end of the third cylinder is communicated with the oil return cavity through a third through hole, the tail end of the third cylinder is connected with a third gas charging pipeline through a third gas inlet hole, a stop valve is arranged on the third gas charging pipeline, and the third gas charging pipeline is further connected with a back pressure valve; the third piston is arranged in the third cylinder and is in sliding connection with the third cylinder, a boss is arranged on the end face of the third piston facing the tail end of the third cylinder, and the boss corresponds to the gas inlet hole of the third cylinder, and when the third piston moves to the tail end of the third cylinder, the boss is connected with the gas inlet hole of the third cylinder in a matched mode and forms a seal.

[0012] The high-pressure accumulator comprises a second cylinder and a second piston, the first end of the second cylinder is communicated with the oil return cavity through a second through hole, and the tail end of the second cylinder is connected with a second gas charging pipeline through a second gas inlet hole; the second piston is arranged in the second cylinder and is in sliding connection with the second cylinder.

[0013] The impact cylinder can realize high-speed acceleration and rapid deceleration of the impact rod, the automatic disengagement mechanism utilizes the rapid deceleration of the impact rod to make the impact block instantaneously disengage, high-speed impact with controllable speed is realized, the device is simple and convenient to operate and safe, and the smooth implementation of the precision impact test can be ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a front view of the overall structure of the present application.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a side view of the present application.

[0016] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 A sectional view of the present application.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a hydraulic principle diagram of the valve block, the high-pressure accumulator and the low-pressure accumulator.

[0018] In the figure, 1 is an air inlet valve, 2 is a high-pressure gas cylinder, 3 is a fixed nut, 4 is an upper flange, 5 is a fixed disc, 6 is an impact cylinder, 7 is an anti-rotation rod, 8 is an impact rod, 9 is a fixed flange, 10 is an oil inlet and return pipe, 11 is a static pressure support, 12 is a static pressure support oil inlet pipe, 13 is a static pressure support oil return pipe, 14 is a lower flange, 15 is a connecting seat, 16 is a brittle fracture screw, 17 is a fastening nut, 18 is a connecting flange, 19 is an impact module, 20 is a valve block, 21 is a high-speed on-off valve, 22 is a high-pressure accumulator, 23 is a low-pressure accumulator, 24 is a stop valve, 25 is a back pressure valve, 26 is an automatic disengagement mechanism, and 27 is an oil return cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings of the specification and specific embodiments.

[0020] AsFigures 1-4 The application discloses a high-speed gas-liquid driving device with automatic disengagement of impact module, which comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder 2, an impact cylinder 6, an impact rod 8, an oil inlet and return pipe 10, a static pressure support 11, a static pressure support oil inlet pipe 12, a static pressure support oil return pipe 13, a valve block 20, a high-pressure accumulator 22 and a low-pressure accumulator 23. The impact cylinder 6 is vertically fixed on a rack, the upper end of the impact rod 8 is slidably arranged in the impact cylinder 6, a connecting seat 15 is installed at the lower end of the impact cylinder 6, the exhaust port of the high-pressure gas cylinder 2 is fixed on the upper end of the impact cylinder 6 through an upper flange 4, the two sides of the lower part of the rod cavity of the impact cylinder 6 are respectively connected with an oil inlet and return pipe 10, the other end of the oil inlet and return pipe 10 is connected with an oil inlet pipe through a switch valve, the oil inlet pipe is connected with an external oil tank, the side of the oil inlet and return pipe 10 is connected with the valve block 20 through a high-speed switch valve group 21, the valve block 20 has an oil return cavity 27, the oil return cavity 27 is respectively connected with the low-pressure accumulator 23 and the high-pressure accumulator 22. The high-pressure gas cylinder 2 establishes high pressure, drives the impact rod 8 to move downwards through high-pressure gas, and the low-pressure accumulator 23 and the high-pressure accumulator 22 are used for braking and buffering during the downward movement of the impact rod 8, wherein the low-pressure accumulator can also limit the acceleration stroke of the impact rod 8 through a preset pressure. The static pressure support 11 is arranged in the inner hole of the lower end cylinder head of the impact cylinder 6, the lower end of the static pressure support 11 is fixedly connected with the cylinder head of the impact cylinder 6 through a lower flange 14, the static pressure support 11 has a first through hole, a plurality of annular oil grooves are arranged on the hole wall of the first through hole, the plurality of annular oil grooves are connected with an external static pressure oil tank through the static pressure support oil inlet pipe 12 and the static pressure support oil return pipe 13, when the plurality of annular oil grooves on the hole wall of the first through hole are filled with hydraulic oil, static pressure is established. The lower end of the connecting seat 15 is connected with an automatic disengagement mechanism 26, the impact module 19 is installed on the automatic disengagement mechanism 26, and the automatic disengagement mechanism 26 automatically opens to make the impact module 19 disengage from the automatic disengagement mechanism 26 when the impact rod 8 is braked during the downward movement.

[0021] The outer wall of the static pressure support 11 is sealingly connected with the inner hole of the lower end cylinder head of the impact cylinder 6, and the first through hole of the static pressure support 11 is slidingly and sealingly connected with the impact rod 8. The static pressure support 11 realizes centering, lubrication and sealing during the high-speed movement of the impact rod 8 downwards.

[0022] The impact rod 8 is connected with an anti-rotation mechanism, the anti-rotation mechanism is composed of a fixed nut 3, a fixed disc 5 and an anti-rotation rod 7, the fixed disc 5 is fixedly installed at the upper end inside the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder 6, the upper end of the anti-rotation rod 7 is fixedly connected with the fixed disc 5 through the fixed nut 3, and the lower end is inserted into the impact rod 8 and is slidingly connected with the impact rod 8. The anti-rotation rod 7 is a rectangular square rod. The fixed disc 5 is of a spoke structure, so that the fluid medium driven by the high-pressure gas cylinder 2 can enter the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder 6. The anti-rotation mechanism is used for preventing the impact rod 8 from rotating during high-speed movement, and can ensure that the impact block of a preset shape impacts the test piece at a preset position.

[0023] The automatic disengaging mechanism 26 comprises a brittle fracture screw 16 and a fastening nut 17, the impact module 19 comprises a connecting flange 18 and an impact block, the upper end of the brittle fracture screw 16 is connected with the connecting seat 15 of the lower end of the impact rod 8, the upper end of the connecting flange 18 is connected with the brittle fracture screw 16 through the fastening nut 17, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the impact block. When the impact rod 8 is accelerated, the automatic disengaging mechanism 26 and the impact module 19 are endowed with a certain speed, when the impact rod 8 is braked, the impact module 19 continues to move under the action of inertia, so that the brittle fracture screw 16 is pulled off, thereby the impact module 19 is disengaged from the automatic disengaging mechanism 26.

[0024] The valve block 20 is provided with an oil return cavity 27, one end of the oil return cavity 27 is connected with the oil return pipe 10 through the high-speed switch valve group 21, and the other end is connected with the low-pressure accumulator 23 and the high-pressure accumulator 22 respectively.

[0025] The low-pressure accumulator 23 comprises a third cylinder body and a third piston, the first end of the third cylinder body is connected with the oil return cavity 27 through a third through hole, and the tail end is connected with a third charging pipeline through a third air inlet hole, the third charging pipeline is provided with a stop valve 24, and the third charging pipeline is further connected with a back pressure valve 25, the back pressure valve 25 is used for exhausting the low-pressure accumulator 23; the third piston is arranged in the third cylinder body and is in sliding connection with the third cylinder body, a boss is arranged on the end face of the third piston facing the tail end of the third cylinder body, and the boss corresponds to the third air inlet hole of the third cylinder body, when the third piston moves to the tail end of the third cylinder body, the boss is connected with the third air inlet hole of the third cylinder body in a matched mode and forms a seal.

[0026] The high-pressure accumulator 22 comprises a second cylinder body and a second piston, the first end of the second cylinder body is connected with the oil return cavity 27 through a second through hole, and the tail end is connected with a second charging pipeline through a second air inlet hole; the second piston is arranged in the second cylinder body and is in sliding connection with the second cylinder body.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present application, the medium in the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder 6 is high-pressure nitrogen, the rodless cavity is connected with the high-pressure gas tank 7, the medium in the rod cavity is hydraulic oil, and the rod cavity is connected with the high-pressure accumulator 4 and the low-pressure accumulator 3 through the high-speed switch valve group 5. The high-pressure accumulator 4 is pre-charged at a high pressure and is used for absorbing the energy in the deceleration process of the high-speed cylinder 6, the low-pressure accumulator 3 is communicated with the atmosphere through the low-pressure one-way valve 2 and is used for measuring the acceleration stroke of the high-speed cylinder. The high-speed cylinder piston rod is connected with the impact module 9 through the disengaging mechanism 8.

[0028] Before the impact test, the high-speed switch valve group 21 should be closed first, and the oil inlet and return pipe 10 is opened to fill the rod cavity of the impact cylinder 6 with hydraulic oil of a certain pressure, so that the impact rod 8 is lifted to the uppermost end of the "zero position", and the oil inlet and return pipe 10 is closed; then the air inlet valve 1 is opened to fill the high-pressure gas cylinder 2 with high-pressure gas required to make the impact module 19 reach the set speed, so as to accumulate the energy required for impact; and then the static pressure support inlet pipe 12 and the static pressure support return pipe 13 are used to fill the hydraulic oil between the static pressure support 11 and the impact rod 8 to establish a stable "static pressure".

[0029] In an embodiment of the present application, the remaining steps are as follows: Step 1: the back pressure valve 25 is closed, the stop valve 24 is opened, 1.5 MPa nitrogen is introduced into the low-pressure accumulator 23, and the third piston of the low-pressure accumulator 23 is reset: Step 2: the high-pressure accumulator 22 is pre-charged with a set gas pressure, and the second piston of the high-pressure accumulator 22 is reset; Step 3: the stop valve 1 is closed; Step 4: the high-speed switch valve group 5 is powered on and quickly opened; at the same time, the lower end of the high-pressure gas cylinder 2 is opened to release high-pressure gas to the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder 6; Step 5: the rod cavity of the impact cylinder 6 is communicated with the oil return cavity 27, and the gas pressure of the rodless cavity drives the impact rod 8 to extend; Step 6: the rod cavity is communicated with the low-pressure accumulator 3 through the oil return cavity 27; Step 7: the back pressure valve 2 is opened, and the low-pressure accumulator 3 receives the oil in the rod cavity of the impact cylinder 6: Step 8: the boss of the third piston of the low-pressure accumulator 3 enters the third air inlet hole to form a temporary seal, and the low-pressure accumulator 3 starts to compress and increase pressure: Step 9: the pressure of the rod cavity of the impact cylinder 6 increases accordingly; Step 10: the third piston of the low-pressure accumulator 3 stops, the high-pressure accumulator 4 receives the oil in the rod cavity of the impact cylinder, and the impact cylinder 6 enters the deceleration stage; Step 11: in the deceleration stage, the automatic disengaging mechanism 26 automatically disengages the impact module 19, and the impact module 19 is separated from the impact rod 8; Step 12: the impact module 19 collides with the test piece to form a "damage effect"; Step 13: the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator 4 increases and finally balances with the pressure of the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder 6, and the impact rod 8 stops moving.

[0030] The present application can be fixed on a rack individually or in an array, and the weight of the impact module 19 can also be changed to meet the impact test requirements under various working conditions.

[0031] The parts not described in detail in the present application are prior art.

Claims

1. A high-speed gas-liquid driving device with automatic disengagement of impact module, comprising a high-pressure gas cylinder (2), an impact cylinder (6), an impact rod (8) and an oil inlet and return pipe (10), characterized in that: The impact cylinder (6) is vertically fixed on the frame, the impact rod (8) has a first piston at the upper end, the first piston is slidingly arranged in the impact cylinder (6), the lower end of the impact rod (8) extends to the outside of the lower end cylinder head of the impact cylinder (6), and the lower end of the impact rod (8) is provided with a connecting seat (15), the connecting seat (15) is connected with an automatic disengaging mechanism (26), the automatic disengaging mechanism (26) is connected with a striking module (19); the high-pressure gas cylinder (2) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the impact cylinder (6) and connected to the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder (6), the lower part of the rod cavity of the impact cylinder (6) is respectively connected with an oil inlet and return pipe (10), the oil inlet and return pipe (10) is connected with an external oil tank, and the oil inlet and return pipe (10) is connected with a valve block (20) through a high-speed switch valve group (21), the valve block (20) is respectively connected with a low-pressure accumulator (23) and a high-pressure accumulator (22); when the high-pressure gas cylinder (2) establishes high pressure and drives the impact rod (8) to move downward by releasing high-pressure fluid medium, the high-speed switch valve group (21) is opened, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the impact cylinder (6) enters the valve block (20) through the oil inlet and return pipe (10), at this time, the low-pressure accumulator (23) is compressed and pressurized, the acceleration stroke of the impact rod (8) is limited, and the pressure continues to rise after the impact rod (8) reaches the predetermined acceleration stroke, when the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the impact cylinder (6) is greater than the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator (22), the high-pressure accumulator (22) receives the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the impact cylinder (6) and provides high-pressure resistance, so that the impact rod (8) is quickly braked, when the impact rod (8) is braked, the automatic disengaging mechanism (26) is automatically opened, so that the striking module (19) is disengaged from the automatic disengaging mechanism (26).

2. The high-speed gas-liquid driven device with automatic disengagement of the impact module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole of the lower end cylinder head of the impact cylinder (6) is provided with a static pressure support (11), the static pressure support (11) has a first through hole, the outer wall of the static pressure support (11) is sealingly connected with the inner hole of the lower end cylinder head of the impact cylinder (6), the first through hole of the static pressure support (11) is slidingly and sealingly connected with the impact rod (8), and a plurality of annular oil grooves are arranged on the wall of the first through hole of the static pressure support (11), the annular oil grooves are connected with an external static pressure oil cylinder through a static pressure support oil inlet pipe (12) and a static pressure support oil return pipe (13), when the annular oil grooves are filled with hydraulic oil, a static pressure support is established between the first through hole of the static pressure support (11) and the impact rod (6).

3. The high-speed gas-liquid driven device with automatic disengagement of the impact module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact rod (8) is connected with an anti-rotation mechanism, the anti-rotation mechanism is composed of a fixed nut (3), a fixed disc (5) and an anti-rotation rod (7), the fixed disc (5) is fixedly installed at the upper end inside the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder (6), the upper end of the anti-rotation rod (7) is fixedly connected with the fixed disc (5) through the fixed nut (3), and the lower end is inserted into the impact rod (8) and is slidingly connected with the impact rod (8); the anti-rotation rod (7) is a rectangular square rod; the fixed disc (5) is a spoke structure, so that the fluid medium driven by the high-pressure gas cylinder (2) can enter the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder (6).

4. The high-speed gas-liquid driven device with automatic disengagement of the impact module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic disengaging mechanism (26) comprises a brittle fracture screw (16) and a fastening nut (17), the impact module (19) comprises a connecting flange (18) and an impact block, the upper end of the brittle fracture screw (16) is connected with the connecting seat (15) of the lower end of the impact rod (8), the upper end of the connecting flange (18) is connected with the brittle fracture screw (16) through the fastening nut (17), and the lower end is fixedly connected with the impact block.

5. The high-speed gas-liquid driven device with automatic disengagement of the impact module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve block (20) is provided with an oil return cavity (27), one end of the oil return cavity (27) is connected with an oil return pipe (10) through a high-speed switch valve group (21), and the other end is connected with a low-pressure accumulator (23) and a high-pressure accumulator (22) respectively.

6. The high-speed gas-liquid driven device with automatic disengagement of the impact module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The low-pressure accumulator (23) comprises a third cylinder body and a third piston, the first end of the third cylinder body is communicated with the oil return cavity (27) through a third through hole, and the tail end is connected with a third charging pipeline through a third air inlet hole; the third charging pipeline is provided with a stop valve (24), and the third charging pipeline is further connected with a back pressure valve (25); the third piston is arranged in the third cylinder body and is in sliding connection with the third cylinder body, a boss is arranged on the end face of the third piston facing the tail end of the third cylinder body, the boss corresponds to the air inlet hole of the third cylinder body, and when the third piston moves to the tail end of the third cylinder body, the boss is connected with the air inlet hole of the third cylinder body in a matched mode and forms a seal.

7. The high-speed gas-liquid driven device with automatic disengagement of the impact module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high-pressure accumulator (22) comprises a second cylinder body and a second piston, the first end of the second cylinder body is communicated with the oil return cavity (27) through a second through hole, and the tail end is connected with a second charging pipeline through a second air inlet hole; the second piston is arranged in the second cylinder body and is in sliding connection with the second cylinder body.

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