Tunnel excavation simulation test device and method capable of switching multiple working conditions as required

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation simulation, and discloses a multi-working-condition on-demand switching tunnel excavation simulation test device and method.The device comprises a model box used for containing and molding a test soil body, and the side wall of the model box is provided with an excavation window with an opening and closing door; the multifunctional vibration table is arranged below the model box and is used for applying a vibration load for simulating an earthquake action to the model box; the spraying device is arranged at the top of the model box and is used for simulating rainfall to a soil body in the model box; the condensing device is arranged around the model box and is used for cooling a soil body in the model box so as to simulate a frozen soil environment; the full-automatic remote intelligent control system is in signal connection with the multifunctional vibration table, the spraying device and the condensing device, the complex scene with the multi-factor coupling effect in actual engineering can be reproduced in a highly realistic mode, high test efficiency is provided for scheme optimization and risk assessment, and the test efficiency is improved. Mechanism research of tunnel engineering under complex geological conditions is realized, and an accurate physical simulation experiment platform is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel excavation simulation technology, and in particular to a tunnel excavation simulation test device and method with on-demand switching of multiple working conditions. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel construction, especially in high-altitude permafrost regions, seismically active zones, or areas with concentrated rainfall, the tunnel excavation process faces severe challenges due to the coupled effects of multiple complex environmental factors, including permafrost thawing, seismic disturbance, and rainfall infiltration. Indoor physical model testing is an important research method for predicting and assessing such risks. However, most existing tunnel excavation simulation test devices are single-function, typically only capable of simulating a single working condition, such as seismic vibration, permafrost environment, or rainfall. They struggle to simultaneously or combine simulations of multiple complex geological environments, such as earthquakes, permafrost, and rainfall, as needed. Furthermore, existing devices have low levels of automation; test preparation, working condition switching, and data acquisition rely heavily on manual operation, which is not only inefficient and labor-intensive but also makes it difficult to ensure the consistency of initial test conditions and the accuracy of data acquisition. This hinders the accurate reproduction and systematic study of the tunnel surrounding rock response under multiple coupled effects, thus restricting the in-depth development of related engineering research. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tunnel excavation simulation test device and method with multi-condition on-demand switching, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a tunnel excavation simulation test device with multi-condition on-demand switching, comprising:

[0005] A model box is used to hold and shape test soil, and the side wall of the model box is provided with an excavation window with an opening and closing door;

[0006] A multi-functional shaking table is installed below the model box to apply vibration loads simulating earthquake effects to the model box.

[0007] A sprinkler system is installed on top of the model box to simulate rainfall onto the soil inside the model box;

[0008] A condensation device is installed around the model box to cool the soil inside the model box to simulate a frozen soil environment.

[0009] The fully automatic remote intelligent control system is connected to the multi-functional vibration table, the spray device, and the condensation device respectively, and is used to control the independent or coordinated operation of earthquake simulation, rainfall simulation, and frozen soil simulation conditions as needed.

[0010] Optionally, a telescopic loading device is also included, which is installed above the model box via a reaction frame. The output end of the telescopic loading device is connected to a compaction panel for compacting the soil inside the model box. The telescopic loading device is signal-connected to the fully automatic remote intelligent control system.

[0011] Optionally, the telescopic loading device can be positioned on the reaction frame along both the planar and vertical directions.

[0012] Optionally, the spraying device includes:

[0013] Multiple nozzles are distributed on the cover plate on the top of the model box;

[0014] The water storage tank is connected to multiple spray nozzles via a pump.

[0015] Optionally, the condensation device includes condensation pipes coiled around the side wall of the model box.

[0016] Optionally, the cover plate on top of the model box can be removed.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes a multi-axis rotary robotic arm and an output-type track mechanism mounted on the multi-axis rotary robotic arm for automatically conveying soil into the model box.

[0018] Optionally, it also includes an embedded laser displacement sensor, a piezoresistive stress sensor, and a pressure sensor, which are disposed inside the model box and connected to the signal of the fully automatic remote intelligent control system.

[0019] Optionally, a high-strength perforated support plate is provided on the table surface of the multifunctional vibration table, and the model box is detachably connected to the high-strength perforated support plate.

[0020] This invention also provides a tunnel excavation simulation test method with on-demand switching of multiple working conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Fix the model box onto the multi-functional vibration table;

[0022] Fill the model box with soil and compact the soil.

[0023] The spraying device is controlled by a fully automatic remote intelligent control system to simulate rainfall until the soil reaches the target humidity.

[0024] The operation of the condensation device is controlled by a fully automatic remote intelligent control system to freeze the soil to the target state and simulate the frozen soil environment.

[0025] Tunnel excavation simulation was conducted in frozen soil using an excavation window;

[0026] During or after excavation, a multi-functional vibration table is controlled by a fully automated remote intelligent control system to simulate earthquake effects.

[0027] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0028] This invention organically combines a model box, a multi-functional vibration table, a spraying device, a condensation device, and a fully automatic remote intelligent control system. It enables independent control and on-demand collaborative simulation of three typical complex geological environments—earthquake, frozen soil, and rainfall—on a single simulation device. This breaks through the limitations of traditional devices with single functions and can highly realistically reproduce complex scenarios of multi-factor coupling in actual engineering. It provides efficient testing for scheme optimization and risk assessment, enables mechanism research on tunnel engineering under complex geological conditions, and realizes a precise physical simulation experimental platform.

[0029] This invention provides an indoor model testing platform for permafrost tunnel engineering that combines "multi-condition coupling + automation + high precision." It simulates multi-factor coupled conditions such as "earthquake loading - permafrost freeze-thaw cycle - rainstorm spraying - tunnel excavation" synchronously or on demand, accurately reproducing the real environment of tunnel excavation in high-altitude permafrost regions, seismic zones, and areas with concentrated rainfall. It specifically addresses the limitations of existing devices that simulate only one condition, and can independently or collaboratively conduct tests on complex scenarios such as the superposition of permafrost freeze-thaw and seismic disturbances, and the coupling of rainstorm infiltration and permafrost softening. Simultaneously, it integrates automatic filling and compaction modules, achieving uniform filling and quantitative compaction of soil (including permafrost) without manual intervention. It precisely controls the filling thickness and density, avoiding initial state errors caused by manual operation, ensuring consistent soil foundation conditions across different batches of tests, and improving the reliability and repeatability of test data. Furthermore, through optimized low-temperature environment adaptation design, it ensures uniform temperature field distribution during freeze-thaw cycles, solving the compatibility problem between rainstorm spraying and low-temperature environments. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spray device structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the condensation device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction frame structure of the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Model box; 2. Excavation window; 3. Multifunctional vibration table; 4. Telescopic loading device; 5. Reaction frame; 6. Compaction panel; 7. Nozzle; 8. Cover plate; 9. Water storage tank; 10. Condensation pipe; 11. Multi-axis rotary robotic arm; 12. Output type track mechanism; 13. Embedded laser displacement sensor; 14. High-strength perforated bearing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 4 This invention provides a tunnel excavation simulation test device with multi-condition on-demand switching, comprising:

[0039] Model box 1 is used to hold and shape the test soil. The side wall of model box 1 is provided with an excavation window 2 with an opening and closing door.

[0040] The multi-functional vibration table 3 is set below the model box 1 and is used to apply vibration loads simulating earthquake effects to the model box 1. The multi-functional vibration table 3 can achieve bidirectional coordinated vibration in both horizontal and vertical directions, with stable output, and can meet the vibration simulation requirements of scenarios such as simulated earthquake tests.

[0041] A sprinkler system is installed on top of model box 1 to simulate rainfall onto the soil inside model box 1;

[0042] A condensation device is installed around the model box 1 to cool the soil inside the model box 1 to simulate a frozen soil environment.

[0043] The fully automatic remote intelligent control system is connected to the multi-functional vibration table 3, the spray device and the condensation device respectively, and is used to control the independent or coordinated operation of earthquake simulation, rainfall simulation and frozen soil simulation conditions as needed.

[0044] Furthermore, the fully automatic remote intelligent control system consists of a computer host and a display screen, which displays the overall operation of the device in real time, such as water inlet rate, vibration rate, temperature inside the model box, power system status, compaction status, and can also automatically adjust the water spray rate, etc.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, a telescopic loading device 4 is also included, which is installed above the model box 1 via a reaction frame 5. The output end of the telescopic loading device 4 is connected to a compaction panel 6 for compacting the soil inside the model box 1. The telescopic loading device 4 is connected to a fully automatic remote intelligent control system.

[0046] By setting compaction parameters through a fully automatic remote intelligent control system and driving the compaction panel 6 through a telescopic loading device 4, the initial density and uniformity of the soil can be precisely controlled. This is the key to ensuring the consistency of basic conditions for each test, fundamentally overcoming the random errors caused by manual compaction, significantly improving the comparability and repeatability of test data, and providing a technical basis for studying the response law of soils with different densities under multi-field coupling.

[0047] Furthermore, the reaction frame 5 is connected to the multifunctional vibration table 3 via a connecting plate, which is used to increase the connection surface with external mobile equipment.

[0048] Furthermore, the reaction frame 5 consists of four columns, two crossbeams, four longitudinal beams, and one movable beam forming a frame body. The telescopic loading device 4 can be adjusted in position on the movable beam by bolts. Based on this structure, the movable beam can be adjusted in position between the two crossbeams by bolts, and the two crossbeams can be adjusted in position between the four longitudinal beams by bolts. In this way, model boxes 1 of different specifications can be used.

[0049] Furthermore, the telescopic loading device 4 is a hydraulic cylinder with an electric control mode. The telescopic stroke is precisely adjustable. The arm end is equipped with a compaction panel 6 that is adapted to the soil contact surface, so as to accurately transmit the loading force to the soil in the lower model box 1 and realize the directional compression of the soil.

[0050] Furthermore, the compaction panel 6 is made of high-strength alloy plate with a smooth and flat surface to avoid scratching the model box 1 or causing uneven stress on the soil. Its shape and size match the cross-section of the model box 1, and its size can be changed according to the size of the model box 1.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic loading device 4 is capable of position adjustment on the reaction frame 5 along the planar and height directions.

[0052] The telescopic loading device 4 can be adjusted in position, which greatly improves the flexibility and adaptability of the device. No matter how the size of the model box 1 changes, the compaction position can be quickly adjusted to the optimal working position to ensure that the compaction panel 6 is completely in contact with the soil surface and achieve uniform compaction. This supports the rapid adaptation of the device to tests of different scales and expands its application range.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, the spraying device includes:

[0054] Multiple nozzles 7 are distributed on the cover plate 8 on the top of the model box 1;

[0055] The water storage tank 9 is connected to multiple nozzles 7 via a pump.

[0056] The arrangement of multiple nozzles 7 can simulate large-scale uniform rainfall or localized heavy rainfall. The pump and water storage tank 9 ensure a stable water supply over a long period of time, allowing the parameters of rainfall simulation (such as intensity and duration) to be precisely controlled. This enables a more realistic study of the impact of different rainfall patterns (such as continuous light rain and short-term heavy rain) on the surrounding rock of permafrost tunnels.

[0057] The nozzle 7 can adjust the water spray pattern (such as water jet or water mist) as needed to precisely control the simulated rainfall coverage area and is compatible with model boxes 1 of different sizes.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present invention, the condensation device includes a condensation pipe 10 coiled around the side wall of the model box 1.

[0059] It achieves efficient and uniform freeze-thaw cycle control of the soil in the model box 1. The coiled condenser pipe 10 design increases the heat exchange area, so that the cold energy can be uniformly and quickly transferred to the soil, avoiding the problems of local overcooling or uneven freezing. This enables accurate simulation of the freeze-thaw process of frozen soil and ensures the authenticity of the frozen soil environment simulation.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cover plate 8 on the top of the model box 1 can be removed.

[0061] The removable cover plate 8 facilitates soil filling, sensor placement, etc. At the same time, it provides a convenient installation location for the integrated sprinkler system and ensures the airtightness of the model box during simulated rainfall or low temperature environments, preventing interference from the external environment.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, a multi-axis rotary robotic arm 11 and an output-type track mechanism 12 mounted on the multi-axis rotary robotic arm 11 are also included for automatically conveying soil into the model box 1.

[0063] The flexible movement of the multi-axis rotary robotic arm 11, combined with the output-type tracked mechanism 12, can accurately and efficiently fill soil into the model box 1, and can adapt to complex equipment layout environments, avoiding collisions with components such as the multi-functional vibration table 3. This further reduces heavy manual labor and improves the automation level and safety of test preparation.

[0064] In one embodiment of the present invention, an embedded laser displacement sensor 13, a piezoresistive stress sensor, and a pressure sensor are also included, which are disposed in the model box 1 and connected to the signal of the fully automatic remote intelligent control system.

[0065] An embedded laser displacement sensor 13 is installed inside the upper rod of the model box 1 to monitor soil surface displacement; a piezoresistive stress sensor is arranged in the soil inside the model box to monitor soil stress changes; and a pressure sensor is located around the surrounding rock after the tunnel model is excavated to monitor surrounding rock stress changes under seismic action and during the thawing of frozen soil. These sensors simultaneously monitor multiple physical quantities such as displacement, internal soil stress, and surrounding rock contact pressure, enabling comprehensive and accurate capture of the entire process of mechanical response and deformation evolution of the surrounding rock under tunnel excavation and multi-field coupling effects, providing a rich and reliable data source for in-depth analysis of the disease mechanism.

[0066] In one embodiment of the present invention, a high-strength perforated support plate 14 is provided on the table surface of the multifunctional vibration table 3, and the model box 1 is detachably connected to the high-strength perforated support plate 14.

[0067] The high-strength perforated bearing plate 14 is made of high-strength alloy material. The perforated design of the high-strength perforated bearing plate 14 provides a variety of fixing points, which allows the same multi-functional vibration table 3 to be easily adapted to model boxes 1 of different sizes and shapes, ensuring the effective and uniform transmission of vibration load, while greatly improving the flexibility and efficiency of equipment combination.

[0068] Furthermore, the model box 1 is wrapped with a heat insulation board, which is placed on the surface of the condensation device to isolate the external temperature from the internal temperature of the model box 1 after condensation and to improve the cooling effect during condensation.

[0069] Furthermore, the entire model box 1 is made of transparent, wear-resistant, and corrosion-resistant material.

[0070] Furthermore, it also includes a power system to provide stable power for the vibration table 3. The vibration table 3 can achieve independent and controllable vibration in both horizontal and vertical directions. The core components include a high-precision servo vibration motor, a transmission mechanism (horizontal direction: gear and rack assembly + linear guide; vertical direction: eccentric wheel transmission assembly + guide column), a vibration table surface, a rigid base, couplings, rolling bearings, limit buffer components, and a servo controller. The selection of each component takes into account both vibration stability and parameter adjustability. Among them, the servo vibration motor has the characteristics of adjustable speed from 0-3000r / min and stable torque output, which can adapt to the vibration frequency requirements of 0-50Hz for different soil tests. All power and transmission components are installed on a rigid base cast in one piece of high-strength steel. The bottom of the base is reserved with anchor bolt holes for fixing, and the top is machined with a precision mounting surface to ensure that the coaxiality and perpendicularity error of each component is ≤0.02mm. In terms of driving principle, the vertical direction is controlled by a servo controller to rotate the motor. The power is transmitted to the eccentric wheel through the coupling, converting the circular motion into the linear reciprocating motion of the connecting rod. The vertical motion is restricted by the guide column. The vibration frequency is changed by adjusting the motor speed (frequency = speed / 60), and the amplitude is adjusted by changing the eccentric wheel with different eccentricities of 5-20mm (amplitude = 2 × eccentricity). In the horizontal direction, the controller outputs a synchronous pulse signal to control the synchronous counter-rotation of the two motors. The power is transmitted to the gear set through the coupling. The rotational motion is converted into horizontal reciprocating vibration of the table through the meshing of the gear and rack. The linear guide rail ensures stability. The amplitude is adjustable from 0-50mm by adjusting the frequency of the motor speed and adjusting the meshing stroke of the gear and rack (with the help of the limit block). Bidirectional vibration is achieved by preset frequency, amplitude and 0-360° adjustable phase difference through the built-in collaborative control module of the controller. Combined with the real-time data collection and feedback of the displacement sensor, the motor drive signal is corrected by the PID adjustment algorithm to achieve independent or combined vibration to meet the needs of different soil test conditions.

[0071] This invention also provides a tunnel excavation simulation test method with on-demand switching of multiple working conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0072] The model box 1 is fixed on the multi-functional vibration table 3; soil is filled into the model box 1 and compacted; the spraying device is controlled by the fully automatic remote intelligent control system to simulate rainfall until the soil reaches the target humidity; the condensation device is controlled by the fully automatic remote intelligent control system to freeze the soil to the target state, simulating a frozen soil environment; tunnel excavation is simulated in the frozen soil through the excavation window 2; during or after excavation, the multi-functional vibration table 3 is controlled by the fully automatic remote intelligent control system to simulate earthquake effects, specifically:

[0073] First, select the experimental model box 1 of the corresponding size and specifications according to the specific working conditions and design requirements of the experiment. Then, fix it stably and firmly onto the high-strength perforated bearing plate 14 equipped with the vibration table to ensure that the model box 1 will not be displaced or shaken during subsequent experimental operations.

[0074] A multi-axis rotary robotic arm 11 and an output-type crawler mechanism 12 are used to transport soil into the fixed model box 1. The conveyor belt runs at a constant speed to ensure that the soil is initially laid evenly in the model box 1, laying the foundation for the subsequent compaction process.

[0075] When the amount of soil filling and the thickness of the soil in model box 1 reach the ideal requirements of the experiment, the soil conveying work on the conveyor belt is stopped immediately, and then the entire conveyor belt is moved to a pre-planned designated position that will not interfere with the normal operation of various experimental instruments.

[0076] Strictly following the soil strength standards specified in the experimental plan, the output-type tracked mechanism 12 on the multi-axis rotary robotic arm 11 accurately inputs data to the compaction device on the reaction frame 5, sets key parameters such as compaction pressure and compaction time, and then starts the device to uniformly and fully compact the soil in the model box 1.

[0077] After all soil compaction work is completed, the easy-to-remove cover plate 8 is quickly and accurately installed. Then, the spraying device conducts a rainfall simulation experiment. The rainfall intensity, duration and other rainfall-related parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to the target humidity required by the soil in the experiment to ensure that the soil humidity meets the requirements of subsequent experiments.

[0078] Once the humidity of the soil in model box 1 reaches the preset standard through rainfall regulation, the condensation device is activated to freeze the soil. The temperature change and freezing status of the soil are continuously monitored until the ideal frozen soil conditions required for the experiment are achieved.

[0079] Once the soil has reached the ideal freezing state, the pre-set excavation window 2 on the model box 1 is opened to officially begin the tunnel excavation simulation operation. The embedded laser displacement sensor 13, which is hidden on the upper part of the model box 1, can monitor the displacement of the soil surface in real time during the excavation process. It can also continuously monitor the displacement change data after the soil melts.

[0080] During the tunnel excavation simulation, pressure sensors are installed and placed at preset monitoring points around the surrounding rock. These sensors can be used to accurately capture the dynamic changes in the stress of the surrounding rock under seismic action, as well as the stress changes in the surrounding rock during the soil melting stage. After the tunnel excavation is completed, the multi-functional vibration table 3 is turned on to simulate seismic action according to the seismic parameters set in the experiment, and the relevant monitoring data is collected.

[0081] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0082] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-condition on-demand switching tunnel excavation simulation test device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of tunneling simulation test device, including: Model box (1) is used to contain and shape test soil body, the model box (1) side wall is provided with the excavation window (2) with opening and closing door; Multifunctional vibration table (3) is arranged below the model box (1), for the model box (1) is applied vibration load of simulating earthquake action; Spraying device is arranged on the top of the model box (1), for simulating rainfall to the soil body in the model box (1); Condensing device is arranged around the model box (1), for cooling the soil body in the model box (1) to simulate frozen soil environment; Full-automatic remote intelligent control system is signal connected with the multifunctional vibration table (3), the spraying device and the condensing device respectively, for controlling earthquake simulation, rainfall simulation and frozen soil simulation working condition independently or cooperatively according to demand.

2. The multi-condition on-demand switching tunnel excavation simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes telescopic loading device (4), which is installed above the model box (1) through counterforce frame (5), the output end of the telescopic loading device (4) is connected with compaction panel (6), for compacting the soil body in the model box (1), and the telescopic loading device (4) is signal connected with the full-automatic remote intelligent control system.

3. The multi-condition on-demand switching tunnel excavation simulation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic loading device (4) can be adjusted in position on the counterforce frame (5) in plane direction and height direction.

4. The multi-condition on-demand switching tunnel excavation simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spraying device includes: Multiple spray heads (7) are distributed on the cover plate (8) on the top of the model box (1); Water storage tank (9) is connected with multiple spray heads (7) through pump.

5. The multi-condition on-demand switched tunnel excavation simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensing device includes condensing pipeline (10) coiled on the side wall of the model box (1).

6. The multi-condition on-demand switched tunnel excavation simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate (8) on the top of the model box (1) can be detached.

7. The multi-condition on-demand switched tunnel excavation simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multi-axis rotary mechanical arm (11) and output type track mechanism (12) installed on the multi-axis rotary mechanical arm (11), for automatically conveying soil body into the model box (1).

8. The multi-condition on-demand switched tunnel excavation simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes embedded laser displacement sensor (13), piezoresistive stress sensor and pressure sensor arranged in the model box (1) and signal connected with the full-automatic remote intelligent control system.

9. The multi-condition on-demand switched tunnel excavation simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, High-strength punched bearing plate (14) is arranged on the table surface of the multifunctional vibration table (3), and the model box (1) is detachably connected with the high-strength punched bearing plate (14).

10. A method for tunnel excavation simulation test under multi-conditions and on-demand switching, based on the tunnel excavation simulation test device under multi-conditions and on-demand switching according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The steps include: Fix the model box (1) on the multifunctional vibration table (3); Fill the soil body into the model box (1), and compact the soil body; Control the spraying device to run through the full-automatic remote intelligent control system, simulate rainfall to the soil body to reach target humidity; Control the condensing device to run through the full-automatic remote intelligent control system, freeze the soil body to target state, simulate frozen soil environment; Tunnel excavation simulation is carried out in the frozen soil body through the excavation window (2); During or after excavation, control the multifunctional vibration table (3) to run through the full-automatic remote intelligent control system, simulate earthquake action.

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