Adaptive coupling surge immunity evaluation method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a self-adaptive coupling surge immunity evaluation method and device, and belongs to the field of electronic and electrical equipment protection. The method is implemented on the basis of a pre-constructed surge injection platform, and comprises the following steps: initially configuring the surge injection platform, adaptively adjusting parameters of a common-differential mode coupling network and a decoupling unit, and calibrating an output waveform of a combined wave generator; the electronic and electrical equipment is electrified to a full-load state, the common-differential mode switching unit is used for switching the common-differential mode coupling network to a target mode, the combined wave generator is controlled to output voltage waves and current waves, and the voltage waves and the current waves are transmitted to the power supply end of the electronic and electrical equipment through the common-differential mode coupling network. Synchronously recording voltage waveform data and current waveform data of the electronic and electrical equipment port; and comparing and analyzing the voltage waveform data and the current waveform data with a preset reference waveform, and determining a waveform deviation as a surge immunity evaluation result. According to the invention, the surge immunity evaluation accuracy and the test efficiency are improved, and the evaluation application range is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electronic and electrical equipment protection technology, specifically relating to an adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method and device. Background Technology

[0002] Surges are a widespread phenomenon in the operating environment of electronic and electrical equipment. The main sources of surges include transient switching and transient high-voltage electromagnetic pulse (EMP) attacks. Transient switching sources include switching disturbances on the main power line, switching actions or load changes in coordinating circuits near the equipment, and resonant circuits with switching functions. Transient EMP attacks have numerous sources, such as a strong EMP attack hitting external circuits and generating pulse voltage, or an indirect strong EMP attack inducing voltage or current in external or internal circuits through electromagnetic fields. Simultaneously, the operation of protection devices may also trigger transient pulse interference and couple into internal circuits.

[0003] Surge immunity assessment plays a crucial role in verifying the ability of electrical and electronic equipment (EUT) to withstand indirect strong electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) such as lightning induction and transient switching disturbances. Since equipment is generally unable to withstand direct EMP attacks, surge immunity tests primarily simulate indirect EMP attack scenarios.

[0004] Current surge immunity assessment methods use only fixed parameters and do not consider differences in EUT input impedance and rated current. This results in significant waveform deviations in the test, directly reducing test reliability and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method and apparatus to improve the accuracy and testing efficiency of surge (impact) immunity assessment, expand the scope of application, and form a complete assessment technical solution.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method, which is based on a pre-built surge injection platform. The surge injection platform includes at least a common-mode switching unit, a combined wave generator, a common-mode coupling network, and a decoupling unit. The combined wave generator is connected to the common-mode coupling network through the common-mode switching unit, and the decoupling unit is connected in series between the electronic and electrical equipment and the power grid.

[0008] The method includes:

[0009] Initialize and configure the surge injection platform. Adjust the parameters of the common-mode coupling network and decoupling unit according to the input impedance and rated current of the electronic and electrical equipment, and calibrate the output waveform of the combined wave generator.

[0010] The electronic and electrical equipment is powered on to full load. The common-differential mode coupling network is switched to the target mode through the common-differential mode switching unit. The combined wave generator is controlled to output voltage and current waves, which are transmitted to the power supply terminal of the electronic and electrical equipment through the common-differential mode coupling network. The voltage waveform data and current waveform data of the electronic and electrical equipment port are recorded simultaneously.

[0011] Voltage and current waveform data are compared and analyzed with a preset reference waveform to determine waveform deviation, which is then used as the surge immunity assessment result for electronic and electrical equipment.

[0012] Furthermore, the common-mode coupling network includes differential-mode coupling units and common-mode coupling units, and the working loop of the surge injection platform includes:

[0013] The differential mode test circuit includes a combined wave generator, a common-differential mode switching unit, a differential mode coupling unit, the power supply terminal of electronic and electrical equipment, a decoupling unit, and a power grid connected in sequence.

[0014] The common-mode test circuit includes a combined wave generator, a common-differential mode switching unit, a common-mode coupling unit, the power supply terminal of the electronic and electrical equipment, a decoupling unit, and a power grid, which are connected in sequence.

[0015] Among them, the common-mode switching unit is a switching matrix composed of electromagnetic relays. The input end of the switching matrix is ​​connected to the combined wave generator, and the output end is switched to the differential-mode coupling unit or the common-mode coupling unit through electromagnetic relays. In all test circuits, electronic and electrical equipment, common-mode coupling unit and decoupling unit are all connected to reference ground.

[0016] Furthermore, the differential-mode coupling unit, common-mode coupling unit, and decoupling unit are all configured with adaptive switchable arrays, the configuration of which includes:

[0017] The adaptive switchable array of the differential mode coupling unit is a switchable capacitor array. During configuration, the target differential mode coupling capacitor of the switchable capacitor array is calculated according to the impedance matching principle based on the differential mode impedance of the electronic and electrical equipment and the source impedance of the combined wave generator. The target coupling capacitor is obtained by controlling the parallel combination of the capacitor array through the switchable capacitor array.

[0018] The adaptive switchable array of the common-mode coupling unit consists of a switchable capacitor array and a switchable resistor array. The target common-mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor are calculated according to the common-mode impedance matching formula. The capacitor array and the resistor array are controlled by the switchable capacitor array and the switchable resistor array respectively to obtain the target common-mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor.

[0019] The adaptive switchable array of the decoupling unit is a second-order low-pass filter formed by a switchable inductor array connected in series with a fixed decoupling capacitor. The cutoff frequency of the second-order low-pass filter is lower than the main frequency of the surge wave, and the inductance value is determined according to the rated current limit range of the electronic and electrical equipment.

[0020] Further, the output waveform of the calibrated combined wave generator is calibrated, including:

[0021] With the accuracy requirement that the waveform deviation is no greater than a preset deviation value, the leading edge time, half peak time and voltage wave amplitude of the combined wave generator output waveform are monitored in real time.

[0022] Calibration and adjustment are performed based on monitoring results; if the rise time is greater than the first preset value, the rise time inductance of the combined wave generator is reduced; if the half-peak time is greater than the second preset value, the pulse duration resistance is reduced; if the voltage wave amplitude is less than the voltage preset value, the output voltage of the high voltage source is increased.

[0023] The calibration and adjustment steps are repeated until the waveform deviations collected at least n times meet the accuracy requirements and the fluctuation of the waveform deviations meets the preset fluctuation requirements, at which point the calibration is complete; n is a preset value.

[0024] Furthermore, the waveform deviation is quantitatively calculated using cosine similarity. The smaller the cosine similarity, the larger the waveform deviation is considered, and the lower the surge immunity of the electronic and electrical equipment.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment device, which is based on a pre-built surge injection platform. The surge injection platform includes at least a common-mode switching unit, a combined wave generator, a common-mode coupling network, and a decoupling unit. The combined wave generator is connected to the common-mode coupling network through the common-mode switching unit, and the decoupling unit is connected in series between the electronic and electrical equipment and the power grid.

[0026] The device includes:

[0027] The initialization configuration module is used to initialize and configure the surge injection platform; it adjusts the parameters of the common-mode coupling network and decoupling unit according to the input impedance and rated current of the electronic and electrical equipment, and calibrates the output waveform of the combined wave generator.

[0028] The surge injection module is used to power up electronic and electrical equipment to full load. It switches the common-differential mode coupling network to the target mode through the common-differential mode switching unit and controls the combined wave generator to output voltage and current waves, which are transmitted to the power supply terminal of the electronic and electrical equipment through the common-differential mode coupling network. It also records the voltage and current waveform data of the electronic and electrical equipment port simultaneously.

[0029] The evaluation module is used to compare and analyze voltage and current waveform data with preset reference waveforms to determine waveform deviations, and uses these waveform deviations as the surge immunity evaluation results for electronic and electrical equipment.

[0030] Furthermore, the common-mode coupling network includes differential-mode coupling units and common-mode coupling units, and the working loop of the surge injection platform includes:

[0031] The differential mode test circuit includes a combined wave generator, a common-differential mode switching unit, a differential mode coupling unit, the power supply terminal of electronic and electrical equipment, a decoupling unit, and a power grid connected in sequence.

[0032] The common-mode test circuit includes a combined wave generator, a common-differential mode switching unit, a common-mode coupling unit, the power supply terminal of the electronic and electrical equipment, a decoupling unit, and a power grid, which are connected in sequence.

[0033] Among them, the common-mode switching unit is a switching matrix composed of electromagnetic relays. The input end of the switching matrix is ​​connected to the combined wave generator, and the output end is switched to the differential-mode coupling unit or the common-mode coupling unit through electromagnetic relays. In all test circuits, electronic and electrical equipment, common-mode coupling unit and decoupling unit are all connected to reference ground.

[0034] Furthermore, the differential-mode coupling unit, common-mode coupling unit, and decoupling unit are all configured with adaptive switchable arrays, the configuration of which includes:

[0035] The adaptive switchable array of the differential mode coupling unit is a switchable capacitor array. During configuration, the target differential mode coupling capacitor of the switchable capacitor array is calculated according to the impedance matching principle based on the differential mode impedance of the electronic and electrical equipment and the source impedance of the combined wave generator. The target coupling capacitor is obtained by controlling the parallel combination of the capacitor array through the switchable capacitor array.

[0036] The adaptive switchable array of the common-mode coupling unit consists of a switchable capacitor array and a switchable resistor array. The target common-mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor are calculated according to the common-mode impedance matching formula. The capacitor array and the resistor array are controlled by the switchable capacitor array and the switchable resistor array respectively to obtain the target common-mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor.

[0037] The adaptive switchable array of the decoupling unit is a second-order low-pass filter formed by a switchable inductor array connected in series with a fixed decoupling capacitor. The cutoff frequency of the second-order low-pass filter is lower than the main frequency of the surge wave, and the inductance value is determined according to the rated current limit range of the electronic and electrical equipment.

[0038] Furthermore, the initialization configuration module is also used for:

[0039] With the accuracy requirement that the waveform deviation is no greater than a preset deviation value, the leading edge time, half peak time and voltage wave amplitude of the combined wave generator output waveform are monitored in real time.

[0040] The calibration and adjustment are performed based on the monitoring results. If the rise time is greater than the first preset value, the rise time inductance of the combined wave generator is reduced; if the half-peak time is greater than the second preset value, the pulse duration resistance is reduced; if the voltage wave amplitude is less than the voltage preset value, the output voltage of the high voltage source is increased.

[0041] The calibration and adjustment steps are repeated until the waveform deviations of at least n consecutive acquisitions meet the accuracy requirements and the fluctuation of the waveform deviations meets the preset fluctuation requirements, at which point the calibration is complete; where n is the preset value.

[0042] Furthermore, the waveform deviation is quantitatively calculated using cosine similarity. The smaller the cosine similarity, the larger the waveform deviation is considered, and the lower the surge immunity of the electronic and electrical equipment.

[0043] In summary, this invention provides an adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method and apparatus, based on a pre-built surge injection platform. The surge injection platform includes at least a common-mode switching unit, a combined wave generator, a common-mode coupling network, and a decoupling unit. The combined wave generator is connected to the common-mode coupling network via the common-mode switching unit, and the decoupling unit is connected in series between the electronic / electrical equipment and the power grid. The method includes initializing and configuring the surge injection platform; adjusting the parameters of the common-mode coupling network and the decoupling unit according to the input impedance and rated current of the electronic / electrical equipment, while simultaneously calibrating the output waveform of the combined wave generator; powering the electronic / electrical equipment to full load; switching the common-mode coupling network to the target mode via the common-mode switching unit; controlling the combined wave generator to output voltage and current waves, which are transmitted to the power supply terminal of the electronic / electrical equipment via the common-mode coupling network; and simultaneously recording the voltage and current waveform data at the electronic / electrical equipment port; comparing and analyzing the voltage and current waveform data with a preset reference waveform to determine the waveform deviation, using the waveform deviation as the surge immunity assessment result of the electronic / electrical equipment. This invention constructs a surge injection platform comprising a common-mode switching unit, a combined wave generator, a common-mode coupling network, and a decoupling unit. It adaptively adjusts parameters and calibrates the waveform according to the EUT input impedance and rated current. After the surge is injected, the immunity is evaluated by waveform comparison. This effectively solves the problems of large waveform deviation, low test reliability and efficiency caused by the use of fixed parameters and mismatched equipment characteristics in the prior art. It improves the accuracy of surge immunity evaluation and test efficiency, expands the scope of evaluation application, and forms a complete evaluation technical solution. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 A flowchart of an adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a combined wave generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A block diagram of an adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0050] The main sources of surges (impacts) are transient switching and transient high electromagnetic pulse attacks. The main sources of transient switching are: switching disturbances on the main power line; switching operations or load changes in coordinating circuits near the equipment;

[0051] A resonant circuit with a switching function; the main sources of transient strong electromagnetic pulse attacks: a strong electromagnetic pulse attack hitting an external circuit, generating a large current that produces a pulse voltage through the grounding resistance or the external circuit impedance; indirect strong electromagnetic pulse attacks refer to the electromagnetic field generated by a strong electromagnetic pulse attack in the clouds or hitting a nearby object, inducing voltage or current in external or internal lines; a strong electromagnetic pulse attack hitting an object near a line establishes an electromagnetic field in its vicinity, inducing voltage in external lines; a strong electromagnetic pulse attack hitting the ground, generating a ground current that interferes with equipment when it flows through the grounding system.

[0052] In addition, when some protection devices activate, voltage and current may change rapidly, generating transient pulse interference that couples into the internal circuitry. Because equipment is generally unable to withstand direct strong electromagnetic pulse attacks, surge (impulse) immunity tests mainly simulate indirect strong electromagnetic pulse attacks.

[0053] Surge immunity assessment is a key means of verifying the ability of electrical and electronic equipment (EUT) to withstand indirect strong electromagnetic pulses (such as lightning induction and transient switching disturbances).

[0054] Current surge (impulse) immunity assessments rely on fixed parameters and fail to match the differences in EUT input impedance and rated current, resulting in significant waveform deviations and low test reliability and efficiency. Therefore, this invention proposes an adaptively coupled surge immunity assessment method and apparatus.

[0055] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides an adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method based on a pre-built surge injection platform. The surge injection platform includes at least a common-mode switching unit, a combined wave generator, a common-mode coupling network, and a decoupling unit. The combined wave generator is connected to the common-mode coupling network through the common-mode switching unit, and the decoupling unit is connected in series between the electronic and electrical equipment and the power grid.

[0056] The surge injection platform is the core test system used to generate and inject surge pulses into electrical and electronic equipment (EUT). Its core components include a common-mode switching unit, a combined wave generator, a common-mode coupling network, and a decoupling unit. The common-mode switching unit switches between differential mode (line-to-line) and common-mode (line-to-ground) modes to ensure the test covers different surge interference scenarios. The combined wave generator is the source of the surge pulses, outputting voltage and current waves (such as 1.2 / 50μs voltage waves and 8 / 20μs current waves) that meet test standards; it is the power source for surge injection. The common-mode coupling network transmits the surge pulses output by the combined wave generator to the EUT power supply terminal to couple the surge energy. The decoupling unit is a protective component connected in series between the EUT and the power grid. Its function is to isolate surge pulses, preventing them from interfering with other equipment in the power grid, while ensuring the stability of the test circuit.

[0057] The method includes:

[0058] S11: Initialize and configure the surge injection platform. Adjust the parameters of the common-mode coupling network and decoupling unit according to the input impedance and rated current of the electronic and electrical equipment, and calibrate the output waveform of the combined wave generator.

[0059] It should be noted that the input impedance is the impedance characteristic of the EUT to the input current (unit: Ω), which is a parameter that affects the surge coupling effect. The input impedance of different EUTs varies significantly.

[0060] Rated current is the maximum current (unit: A) that the EUT is allowed to pass through when it is working normally, and it determines the parameter adaptation range of the decoupling unit and the coupling network.

[0061] The core flaw of existing technologies is the use of fixed parameters, which fails to match the input impedance and rated current differences of the EUT, resulting in large waveform deviations. This step addresses this issue through adaptive parameter adjustment. Specifically, for the EUT's input impedance, the coupling parameters of the common-differential mode coupling network (such as coupling capacitors and resistors) are adjusted to ensure that surge energy is efficiently coupled to the EUT (avoiding energy reflection or attenuation due to impedance mismatch). For the EUT's rated current, the parameters of the decoupling unit (such as inductance value) are adjusted to ensure that the decoupling unit effectively isolates the surge pulse from the power grid without affecting the normal operation of the EUT. The output waveform of the combined wave generator is calibrated by adjusting the generator's internal components (such as resistors, inductors, and high-voltage sources) to ensure that the output voltage and current waveforms meet the test standards, reducing inherent waveform deviations and providing a precise surge excitation source for subsequent evaluation.

[0062] S12: Power on the electronic and electrical equipment to full load, switch the common-differential mode coupling network to the target mode through the common-differential mode switching unit, and control the combined wave generator to output voltage and current waves, which are transmitted to the power supply terminal of the electronic and electrical equipment through the common-differential mode coupling network, and simultaneously record the voltage waveform data and current waveform data of the electronic and electrical equipment port.

[0063] It should be noted that the target mode refers to the specific type of surge test, namely differential mode (surge pulse applied between the lines of the EUT) or common mode (surge pulse applied between the lines of the EUT and ground).

[0064] In this step, powering the EUT to full load simulates its actual operating scenario, ensuring the evaluation results align with engineering practice (immunity under no-load or light-load conditions cannot reflect real-world usage). Switching the common-mode switching unit to the target mode adapts to different types of surge interference scenarios (differential-mode interference and common-mode interference are the two most common types of surge interference that electronic devices are susceptible to), expanding the applicability of the evaluation. The voltage wave (e.g., 1.2 / 50μs voltage wave) and current wave (e.g., 8 / 20μs current wave) output by the combined wave generator serve as simulation carriers of surge interference, transmitted to the EUT power supply terminal through the common-mode coupling network to simulate the surge impact experienced by the EUT in actual use. Simultaneously recording the waveform data at the EUT ports is to obtain the actual response of the EUT after being subjected to surge impact (e.g., voltage surge, current fluctuation, etc.), providing raw data for subsequent immunity evaluation.

[0065] S13: Compare and analyze the voltage waveform data and current waveform data with the preset reference waveform to determine the waveform deviation, and use the waveform deviation as the surge immunity assessment result of electronic and electrical equipment.

[0066] It should be noted that the preset reference waveform is an ideal standard waveform for surge testing (such as a standard 1.2 / 50μs voltage waveform), which serves as a reference for comparing with the actual waveform and reflects the ideal state of the surge pulse.

[0067] Waveform deviation is the degree of difference between the voltage / current waveform actually acquired by the EUT port and the preset reference waveform.

[0068] Surge immunity is essentially the ability of an EUT to withstand surge interference and maintain normal operation. If the EUT has strong immunity, its port waveform after a surge should deviate little from the preset reference waveform (ideal interference-free waveform); if the immunity is weak, the waveform will exhibit significant distortion (such as excessive voltage peaks or waveform oscillations). This step quantifies the deviation between the actual waveform and the reference waveform, transforming the abstract immunity into a quantifiable indicator, ensuring the objectivity and accuracy of the evaluation results, and avoiding the subjective defects of qualitative judgment in traditional evaluations.

[0069] This embodiment provides an adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method. This method addresses the problems of large waveform deviations and low assessment accuracy caused by parameter mismatches in existing technologies by adaptively adjusting the parameters of the common-mode coupling network and decoupling unit based on the input impedance and rated current of the EUT during the initialization phase. By calibrating the output waveform of the combined wave generator, the inherent deviation of the surge excitation source is reduced from the source, further improving the reliability of the test. The common-mode switching unit supports both differential-mode and common-mode test modes, covering the two most vulnerable surge interference scenarios for electronic equipment, thus expanding the applicability of the assessment. Through the process of EUT full-load simulation-surge injection-waveform acquisition-deviation quantification, the abstract immunity is transformed into a quantifiable waveform deviation index, avoiding the subjectivity of traditional assessments and eliminating the cumbersome process of repeatedly adjusting fixed parameters and repeating tests in existing technologies, significantly improving test efficiency. This method solves the multiple defects of existing technologies, such as narrow applicability, low reliability, and low efficiency, providing a precise, efficient, and engineering-practice-appropriate technical solution for surge immunity assessment of electronic and electrical equipment.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, the common-mode coupling network includes a differential-mode coupling unit and a common-mode coupling unit, and the working loop of the surge injection platform includes:

[0071] The differential mode test circuit includes a combined wave generator, a common-differential mode switching unit, a differential mode coupling unit, the power supply terminal of the electronic and electrical equipment, a decoupling unit, and the power grid, which are connected in sequence.

[0072] Differential mode test (line-to-line): Combined wave generator → coupling network → EUT power supply terminal (e.g., N line), EUT other end (e.g., L line) → decoupling unit → power grid (AC / DC power supply), EUT and coupling network / decoupling unit are both connected to reference ground (Protective Earth, PE).

[0073] The common-mode test circuit includes a combined wave generator, a common-differential mode switching unit, a common-mode coupling unit, the power supply terminal of the electronic and electrical equipment, a decoupling unit, and the power grid, which are connected in sequence.

[0074] Common-mode test (line-to-ground): Combined wave generator → coupling network → EUT power supply terminal (L / N line), EUT → decoupling unit → power grid, EUT and coupling network / decoupling unit are both connected to reference ground, forming a line-to-ground loop.

[0075] The common-mode switching unit is a switching matrix composed of electromagnetic relays. The input of the switching matrix is ​​connected to the combined wave generator, and the output is switched to either the differential-mode coupling unit or the common-mode coupling unit via electromagnetic relays. In all test circuits, the electronic and electrical equipment, the common-mode coupling unit, and the decoupling unit are all connected to reference ground. For example, the common-mode switching unit uses a switching matrix composed of 4 electromagnetic relays. The input is connected to the combined wave generator, and the output is switched to either the differential-mode or common-mode coupling unit via relays. The switching unit has a built-in 2Ω matching resistor (consistent with the generator source impedance) to avoid impedance abrupt changes caused by wiring switching.

[0076] The output impedance of the generator determines the ratio of the peak open-circuit output voltage to the peak short-circuit current. Since this voltage waveform and current waveform are generated in the same waveform generator, it is called a combined wave generator.

[0077] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 The principle of a combined wave generator is shown. U is the high-voltage source; Rs is the pulse duration forming resistor; Rc is the charging resistor; Rm is the impedance matching resistor; Cs is the energy storage capacitor; and Lr is the rise time forming inductor. The parameters of the 1.2 / 50μs-8 / 20μs combined wave are defined in Table 1.

[0078] Table 1 Definition of parameters for the 1.2 / 50μs-8 / 20μs combined wave

[0079]

[0080] In one embodiment of the present invention, calibrating the output waveform of the combined wave generator includes:

[0081] S21: With the accuracy requirement that the waveform deviation is no greater than the preset deviation value, monitor the leading edge time, half peak time and voltage wave amplitude of the combined wave generator output waveform in real time.

[0082] For example, to ensure the reliability of the surge (impact) test, a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control algorithm is adopted, with the target deviation δ≤±10%, and the pulse duration resistance Rs and rise time inductance Lr of the combined wave generator are adjusted.

[0083] S22: Calibrate and adjust according to the monitoring results; if the rise time is greater than the first preset time value, reduce the rise time inductance of the combined wave generator; if the half peak time is greater than the second preset time value, reduce the pulse duration resistance; if the voltage wave amplitude is less than the voltage preset value, increase the output voltage of the high voltage source.

[0084] If the rise time is greater than the preset rise time of the combined wave generator, it indicates that the rise time is too slow, and the rise time inductor Lr should be reduced.

[0085] If the half-peak time is greater than the preset half-peak time of the combined wave generator, it indicates that the half-peak time is too long, and the pulse duration resistance Rs should be reduced.

[0086] If the voltage wave amplitude is less than the preset voltage wave amplitude threshold of the combined wave generator, it indicates that the amplitude is insufficient, and the output voltage of the high voltage source should be increased.

[0087] S23: Repeat the calibration and adjustment steps until the waveform deviations of at least n consecutive acquisitions meet the accuracy requirements and the fluctuation of the waveform deviations meets the preset fluctuation requirements, then the calibration is complete; n is a preset value.

[0088] For example, if the waveform deviation δ ≤ ±10% and the fluctuation ≤ ±2% of the waveform collected in multiple consecutive acquisitions (e.g., 5 times), the calibration is considered complete.

[0089] In one embodiment of the present invention, the differential-mode coupling unit, the common-mode coupling unit, and the decoupling unit are all configured with an adaptive switchable array, the configuration of which includes:

[0090] The adaptive switchable array of the differential mode coupling unit is a switchable capacitor array. During configuration, the target differential mode coupling capacitor of the switchable capacitor array is calculated according to the impedance matching principle based on the differential mode impedance of the electronic and electrical equipment and the source impedance of the combined wave generator. The target coupling capacitor is obtained by controlling the parallel combination of the capacitor array through the switchable capacitor array.

[0091] For example, the differential mode coupling unit uses a switchable capacitor array (e.g., 6 groups of thin-film capacitors selectively connected in parallel via a relay matrix). Each group of capacitors has an independent relay connected in series across its terminals. The relays are driven by a control unit (e.g., a PLC). Based on the target value of the differential mode coupling capacitor (calculated based on the EUT input impedance), the corresponding relay is controlled to close, allowing the required capacitors to be connected in parallel to the differential mode coupling loop between the combined wave generator and the EUT. Unselected capacitors are not involved in the circuit because the relays are open. Finally, the appropriate differential mode coupling capacitor value is obtained through parallel combination. Output target coupling capacitor C diff .

[0092] Based on the EUT differential mode impedance Z diff With the source impedance Z of the combined wave generator gen (2Ω), calculate C according to the impedance matching principle. diff :

[0093]

[0094] In the formula, The surge wave frequency is used as the dominant frequency, and the differential mode impedance at the EUT power input terminal is measured using an impedance analyzer in the 1kHz~10MHz frequency band.

[0095] The adaptive switchable array of the common-mode coupling unit consists of a switchable capacitor array and a switchable resistor array. The target common-mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor are calculated according to the common-mode impedance matching formula. The capacitor array and the resistor array are controlled by the switchable capacitor array and the switchable resistor array respectively to obtain the target common-mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor.

[0096] For example, the common-mode coupling unit uses a switchable capacitor array (e.g., four groups of thin-film capacitors selectively connected in parallel via a relay matrix) and a switchable resistor array (e.g., four resistors selectively connected in parallel via a relay matrix) to output the target coupling capacitor C. com and target coupling resistance R match ;

[0097] Among them, R match =Grid source impedance - Combined wave generator source impedance

[0098] Common-mode impedance matching is calculated as follows:

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, This is the common-mode source impedance.

[0101] The adaptive switchable array of the decoupling unit is a second-order low-pass filter formed by a switchable inductor array connected in series with a fixed decoupling capacitor. The cutoff frequency of the second-order low-pass filter is lower than the main frequency of the surge wave, and the inductance value is determined according to the rated current limit range of the electronic and electrical equipment.

[0102] For example, the decoupling unit employs a switchable inductor array (such as six groups of thin-film inductors selectively connected in parallel via a relay matrix) and decoupling capacitors in series. By adjusting the combination of inductance and capacitance values, effective suppression of surge pulses at different frequency bands can be achieved. Specifically, the decoupling inductor and fixed capacitor form a low-pass filter, the cutoff frequency of which is set according to the expected interference spectrum at the EUT power input, ensuring an attenuation rate of ≥40dB for common-mode / differential-mode surge currents in the 1kHz~10MHz range. Simultaneously, to accommodate fluctuations in mains source impedance (e.g., 5Ω~50Ω range), [further details are provided].

[0103] The decoupling unit is a second-order low-pass filter, and its cutoff frequency fc must be lower than the surge wave's dominant frequency f0 (to ensure that the surge is coupled to the EUT and not filtered out), that is:

[0104]

[0105] In the formula, The capacitance value of the decoupling capacitor (fixed value). Inductors for switchable inductor arrays (adjustable).

[0106] Simultaneously, the inductance of the switchable inductor array needs to meet the inductance range limited by the EUT's rated current. If the range is exceeded, the inductance of the switchable inductor array is determined by the EUT's rated current, i.e.:

[0107]

[0108] In the formula, To set a lower limit for the allowable EUT current, This is the rated current of the EUT.

[0109] In one embodiment of the present invention, the waveform deviation is quantitatively calculated using cosine similarity. If the cosine similarity is smaller, the waveform deviation is determined to be larger, and the surge immunity of the electronic and electrical equipment is lower.

[0110] Specifically, let the reference waveform be vector A and the actual acquired waveform be vector B, then the cosine similarity between the two waveforms is:

[0111] cosθ=(A·B) / (||A||×||B||)

[0112] Where A·B is the dot product of the two vectors, and ||A|| and ||B|| are the magnitudes of the two vectors, respectively.

[0113] By comparing and analyzing the waveform data of the EUT ports (voltage and current) with the preset reference waveform, the waveform deviation is determined as the surge (impulse) immunity of the EUT. The larger the waveform deviation, the lower the surge (impulse) immunity of the EUT, that is, the weaker the EUT's ability to resist indirect strong electromagnetic pulse attacks; conversely, the smaller the waveform deviation, the higher the surge (impulse) immunity of the EUT, and the stronger its ability to resist indirect strong electromagnetic pulse attacks.

[0114] Based on the above embodiments, the adaptive coupling surge (impulse) immunity assessment method proposed in this invention achieves accurate assessment of the surge (impulse) immunity of electrical and electronic equipment (EUT) by designing a surge injection platform, combining a PID control algorithm, and using switchable capacitor, resistor, and inductor arrays. Specifically, the key points of this invention include: first, the design of the surge injection platform, which integrates a combined wave generator, differential-mode coupling unit, common-mode coupling unit, decoupling unit, and common-mode / differential-mode switching unit, enabling adaptive adjustment of test parameters based on the input impedance and rated current differences of the EUT, ensuring the reliability and efficiency of the test; second, the application of the PID control algorithm, which monitors and adjusts the pulse duration resistance and rise time inductance of the combined wave generator in real time, ensuring that the acquired waveform deviation is controlled within a preset range, thereby improving the accuracy of the test; and third, the design of switchable capacitor, resistor, and inductor arrays, which dynamically adjust the coupling capacitor, coupling resistor, and decoupling inductor according to the differential-mode impedance, common-mode impedance, and rated current of the EUT, achieving accurate assessment of different EUTs. The present invention aims to protect the combined application of the above-mentioned key technologies, and the overall technical solution of the adaptive coupling surge (impact) immunity assessment method formed therefrom.

[0115] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has several significant advantages. First, in terms of evaluation accuracy, existing surge (impulse) immunity assessments only use fixed parameters and do not match the differences in EUT input impedance and rated current, resulting in large waveform deviations and low test reliability and efficiency. In contrast, this invention, by designing a surge injection platform and combining a PID control algorithm with switchable capacitor, resistor, and inductor arrays, can adaptively adjust test parameters according to the differences in EUT input impedance and rated current, controlling the acquired waveform deviation within a preset range, thus greatly improving the accuracy of the assessment.

[0116] Secondly, regarding testing efficiency, existing technologies, due to their use of fixed parameters, cannot well adapt to the characteristics of different EUTs, often requiring multiple repeated tests to obtain relatively reliable results, resulting in low efficiency. This invention, by adaptively adjusting test parameters, can more accurately assess the surge (impact) immunity of the EUT in a single test, reducing the number of tests and significantly improving testing efficiency.

[0117] Furthermore, in terms of applicability, existing technologies are insufficient to meet the evaluation needs of different types of EUTs because parameters such as input impedance and rated current vary among different EUTs. The switchable capacitor array, resistor array, and inductor array designed in this invention can dynamically adjust the coupling capacitor, coupling resistor, and decoupling inductor according to the differential-mode impedance, common-mode impedance, and rated current of the EUT, making it applicable to more types of EUTs and thus having wider applicability.

[0118] Finally, regarding the completeness of the technical solution, this invention forms a complete overall technical solution for an adaptively coupled surge (impact) immunity assessment method, which organically combines the design of the surge injection platform, the application of the PID control algorithm, and the design of the switchable array. Existing technologies lack such a systematic and complete technical solution to achieve accurate assessment of EUT surge (impact) immunity.

[0119] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment device for implementing the adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method described above. The solution provided by this device is similar to the implementation described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in the embodiments of the adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment device provided below can be found in the limitations of the adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0120] Please see Figure 3 This invention provides an adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment device based on a pre-built surge injection platform. The surge injection platform includes at least a common-mode switching unit, a combined wave generator, a common-mode coupling network, and a decoupling unit. The combined wave generator is connected to the common-mode coupling network through the common-mode switching unit, and the decoupling unit is connected in series between the electronic and electrical equipment and the power grid.

[0121] The device includes:

[0122] The initialization configuration module is used to initialize and configure the surge injection platform; it adjusts the parameters of the common-mode coupling network and decoupling unit according to the input impedance and rated current of the electronic and electrical equipment, and calibrates the output waveform of the combined wave generator.

[0123] The surge injection module is used to power up electronic and electrical equipment to full load. It switches the common-differential mode coupling network to the target mode through the common-differential mode switching unit and controls the combined wave generator to output voltage and current waves, which are transmitted to the power supply terminal of the electronic and electrical equipment through the common-differential mode coupling network. It also records the voltage and current waveform data of the electronic and electrical equipment port simultaneously.

[0124] The evaluation module is used to compare and analyze voltage and current waveform data with preset reference waveforms to determine waveform deviations, and uses these waveform deviations as the surge immunity evaluation results for electronic and electrical equipment.

[0125] Furthermore, the common-mode coupling network includes differential-mode coupling units and common-mode coupling units, and the working loop of the surge injection platform includes:

[0126] The differential mode test circuit includes a combined wave generator, a common-differential mode switching unit, a differential mode coupling unit, the power supply terminal of electronic and electrical equipment, a decoupling unit, and a power grid connected in sequence.

[0127] The common-mode test circuit includes a combined wave generator, a common-differential mode switching unit, a common-mode coupling unit, the power supply terminal of the electronic and electrical equipment, a decoupling unit, and a power grid, which are connected in sequence.

[0128] Among them, the common-mode switching unit is a switching matrix composed of electromagnetic relays. The input end of the switching matrix is ​​connected to the combined wave generator, and the output end is switched to the differential-mode coupling unit or the common-mode coupling unit through electromagnetic relays. In all test circuits, electronic and electrical equipment, common-mode coupling unit and decoupling unit are all connected to reference ground.

[0129] Furthermore, the differential-mode coupling unit, common-mode coupling unit, and decoupling unit are all configured with adaptive switchable arrays, the configuration of which includes:

[0130] The adaptive switchable array of the differential mode coupling unit is a switchable capacitor array. During configuration, the target differential mode coupling capacitor of the switchable capacitor array is calculated according to the impedance matching principle based on the differential mode impedance of the electronic and electrical equipment and the source impedance of the combined wave generator. The target coupling capacitor is obtained by controlling the parallel combination of the capacitor array through the switchable capacitor array.

[0131] The adaptive switchable array of the common-mode coupling unit consists of a switchable capacitor array and a switchable resistor array. The target common-mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor are calculated according to the common-mode impedance matching formula. The capacitor array and the resistor array are controlled by the switchable capacitor array and the switchable resistor array respectively to obtain the target common-mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor.

[0132] The adaptive switchable array of the decoupling unit is a second-order low-pass filter formed by a switchable inductor array connected in series with a fixed decoupling capacitor. The cutoff frequency of the second-order low-pass filter is lower than the main frequency of the surge wave, and the inductance value is determined according to the rated current limit range of the electronic and electrical equipment.

[0133] Furthermore, the initialization configuration module is also used for:

[0134] With the accuracy requirement that the waveform deviation is no greater than a preset deviation value, the leading edge time, half peak time and voltage wave amplitude of the combined wave generator output waveform are monitored in real time.

[0135] The calibration and adjustment are performed based on the monitoring results. If the rise time is greater than the first preset value, the rise time inductance of the combined wave generator is reduced; if the half-peak time is greater than the second preset value, the pulse duration resistance is reduced; if the voltage wave amplitude is less than the voltage preset value, the output voltage of the high voltage source is increased.

[0136] The calibration and adjustment steps are repeated until the waveform deviations collected at least n times meet the accuracy requirements and the fluctuation of the waveform deviations meets the preset fluctuation requirements, at which point the calibration is complete; n is a preset value.

[0137] Furthermore, the waveform deviation is quantitatively calculated using cosine similarity. The smaller the cosine similarity, the larger the waveform deviation is considered, and the lower the surge immunity of the electronic and electrical equipment.

[0138] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the system can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0139] Reference Figure 4 The present invention also provides a computer device, including: a memory and a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein when the computer program is executed on the processor, it implements the adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method as described in any of the above methods.

[0140] The computer device may be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server, etc. This computer device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and memory. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 4The examples of computer devices are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation on computer devices. They may include more or fewer components than shown in the illustration, or combinations of certain components, or different components. For example, they may also include input / output devices, network access devices, etc.

[0141] The processor referred to can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), but it can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0142] In some embodiments, the memory may be an internal storage unit of the computer device, such as a hard drive or RAM. In other embodiments, the memory may be an external storage device of the computer device, such as a plug-in hard drive, Smart Media Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, or Flash Card. Furthermore, the memory may include both internal and external storage units of the computer device. The memory is used to store the operating system, applications, boot loader, data, and other programs, such as the program code of the computer program. The memory can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0143] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method as described in any of the above methods.

[0144] In this embodiment, if the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to a photographing device / terminal device, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium. Examples include USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks. In some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media cannot be electrical carrier signals or telecommunication signals.

[0145] This invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the adaptive coupling surge immunity assessment method as described in any of the above methods.

[0146] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0147] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0148] In the embodiments disclosed in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / terminal equipment and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / terminal equipment embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0149] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of evaluating surge immunity with adaptive coupling, characterized in that, Based on a pre-constructed surge injection platform, the surge injection platform at least includes a common-differential mode switching unit, a combined wave generator, a common-differential mode coupling network and a decoupling unit, the combined wave generator is connected with the common-differential mode coupling network through the common-differential mode switching unit, and the decoupling unit is connected in series between an electronic and electrical equipment and a power grid; The method comprises: initializing the configuration of the surge injection platform, adjusting the parameters of the common-differential mode coupling network and the decoupling unit according to the input impedance and rated current of the electronic and electrical equipment, and simultaneously calibrating the output waveform of the combined wave generator; powering the electronic and electrical equipment to a full load state, switching the common-differential mode coupling network to a target mode through the common-differential mode switching unit, and controlling the output voltage wave and current wave of the combined wave generator to be transmitted to the power supply end of the electronic and electrical equipment through the common-differential mode coupling network, and synchronously recording the voltage waveform data and current waveform data of the electronic and electrical equipment port; comparing and analyzing the voltage waveform data and current waveform data with the preset reference waveform to determine the waveform deviation, and taking the waveform deviation as the surge immunity evaluation result of the electronic and electrical equipment.

2. The method of adaptive coupled surge immunity evaluation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The common-differential mode coupling network comprises a differential mode coupling unit and a common mode coupling unit, and the working loop of the surge injection platform comprises: a differential mode test loop comprising the combined wave generator, the common-differential mode switching unit, the differential mode coupling unit, the power supply end of the electronic and electrical equipment, the decoupling unit and the power grid connected in sequence; a common mode test loop comprising the combined wave generator, the common-differential mode switching unit, the common mode coupling unit, the power supply end of the electronic and electrical equipment, the decoupling unit and the power grid connected in sequence; The common-differential mode switching unit is a switching matrix composed of electromagnetic relays, the input end of the switching matrix is connected with the combined wave generator, and the output end is connected with the differential mode coupling unit or the common mode coupling unit through electromagnetic relay switching; in all test loops, the electronic and electrical equipment, the common mode coupling unit and the decoupling unit are connected with a reference ground.

3. The method of adaptive coupled surge immunity evaluation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The differential mode coupling unit, the common mode coupling unit and the decoupling unit are all configured with an adaptive switchable array, and the configuration of the adaptive switchable array comprises: The adaptive switchable array of the differential mode coupling unit is a switchable capacitor array, and the target differential mode coupling capacitor of the switchable capacitor array is calculated according to the differential mode impedance of the electronic and electrical equipment and the source impedance of the combined wave generator according to the impedance matching principle during configuration, and the target coupling capacitor is obtained by controlling the capacitor array in parallel combination through the switchable capacitor array; The adaptive switchable array of the common mode coupling unit is a switchable capacitor array and a switchable resistor array, and the target common mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor are calculated according to the common mode impedance matching formula, and the target common mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor are obtained by respectively controlling the capacitor array and the resistor array through the switchable capacitor array and the switchable resistor array. The adaptive switchable array of the decoupling unit is a switchable inductance array and a fixed decoupling capacitor in series to form a second-order low-pass filter, the cutoff frequency of the second-order low-pass filter is lower than the main frequency of the surge wave, and the inductance value is determined according to the rated current range of the electronic and electrical equipment.

4. The method of adaptive coupled surge immunity evaluation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output waveform of the combined wave generator is calibrated, including: Real-time monitoring of the front edge time, half-peak time and voltage amplitude of the output waveform of the combined wave generator is performed with the accuracy requirement that the waveform deviation is not greater than a preset deviation value; According to the monitoring result, calibration adjustment is performed; if the front edge time is greater than a first time preset value, the rise time inductance of the combined wave generator is reduced; if the half-peak time is greater than a second time preset value, the pulse duration resistance is reduced; and if the voltage amplitude is less than a voltage preset value, the output voltage of the high-voltage source is increased; The calibration adjustment step is repeated, and when the waveform deviation of at least n consecutive acquisitions meets the accuracy requirement and the fluctuation of the waveform deviation meets a preset fluctuation requirement, the calibration is completed; n is a preset value.

5. The method of adaptive coupled surge immunity evaluation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waveform deviation is quantitatively calculated by cosine similarity, and the smaller the cosine similarity is, the greater the waveform deviation is, and the lower the surge immunity of the electronic and electrical equipment is.

6. A self-adapting coupled surge immunity evaluation device, characterized in that, Based on a pre-constructed surge injection platform, the surge injection platform at least includes a common-differential mode switching unit, a combined wave generator, a common-differential mode coupling network and a decoupling unit, the combined wave generator is connected with the common-differential mode coupling network through the common-differential mode switching unit, and the decoupling unit is connected in series between the electronic and electrical equipment and the power grid. The device comprises: An initialization configuration module is configured to initialize and configure the surge injection platform; according to the input impedance and rated current of the electronic and electrical equipment, the parameters of the common-differential mode coupling network and the decoupling unit are adjusted, and the output waveform of the combined wave generator is calibrated; A surge injection module is configured to power the electronic and electrical equipment to a full load state, switch the common-differential mode coupling network to a target mode through the common-differential mode switching unit, control the output voltage wave and current wave of the combined wave generator, and transmit the output voltage wave and current wave of the combined wave generator to the power supply end of the electronic and electrical equipment through the common-differential mode coupling network, and synchronously record the voltage waveform data and current waveform data of the electronic and electrical equipment port; An evaluation module is configured to compare and analyze the voltage waveform data and current waveform data with a preset reference waveform, determine the waveform deviation, and take the waveform deviation as the surge immunity evaluation result of the electronic and electrical equipment.

7. The surge immunity evaluation device of claim 6, wherein, The common-differential mode coupling network comprises a differential mode coupling unit and a common mode coupling unit, and the working loop of the surge injection platform comprises: A differential mode test loop comprising the combined wave generator, the common-differential mode switching unit, the differential mode coupling unit, the power supply end of the electronic and electrical equipment, the decoupling unit and the power grid connected in sequence; A common mode test loop comprising the combined wave generator, the common-differential mode switching unit, the common mode coupling unit, the power supply end of the electronic and electrical equipment, the decoupling unit and the power grid connected in sequence; The common-mode switching unit is a switching matrix composed of electromagnetic relays, the input end of the switching matrix is connected with the combined wave generator, and the output end is connected with the differential-mode coupling unit or the common-mode coupling unit through the electromagnetic relays.

8. The surge immunity evaluation device of claim 7, wherein, The differential-mode coupling unit, the common-mode coupling unit and the decoupling unit are all configured with adaptive switchable arrays, and the configuration of the adaptive switchable array includes: The adaptive switchable array of the differential-mode coupling unit is a switchable capacitor array, and the target differential-mode coupling capacitor of the switchable capacitor array is calculated according to the differential-mode impedance of the electronic and electrical equipment and the source impedance of the combined wave generator according to the impedance matching principle, and the target coupling capacitor is obtained by controlling the capacitor array in parallel combination through the switchable capacitor array. The adaptive switchable array of the common-mode coupling unit is a switchable capacitor array and a switchable resistor array, and the target common-mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor are calculated according to the common-mode impedance matching formula, and the target common-mode coupling capacitor and the target coupling resistor are obtained by controlling the capacitor array and the resistor array through the switchable capacitor array and the switchable resistor array. The adaptive switchable array of the decoupling unit is a switchable inductor array and a fixed decoupling capacitor in series to form a second-order low-pass filter, the cutoff frequency of the second-order low-pass filter is lower than the main frequency of the surge wave, and the inductance value is determined according to the rated current range of the electronic and electrical equipment.

9. The surge immunity evaluation apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The initialization configuration module is also used for: The waveform deviation is not greater than the preset deviation value as the accuracy requirement, the front edge time, the half-peak time and the voltage amplitude of the output waveform of the combined wave generator are monitored in real time; According to the monitoring result, the calibration adjustment is carried out, if the front edge time is greater than the first time preset value, the rising time inductance of the combined wave generator is reduced, if the half-peak time is greater than the second time preset value, the pulse duration resistance is reduced, and if the voltage amplitude is less than the voltage preset value, the output voltage of the high-voltage source is increased. The calibration adjustment step is repeated, and when the waveform deviation of at least n consecutive acquisitions meets the accuracy requirement and the fluctuation of the waveform deviation meets the preset fluctuation requirement, the calibration is completed; n is a preset value.

10. The surge immunity evaluation apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The waveform deviation is calculated by cosine similarity, and the smaller the cosine similarity is, the greater the waveform deviation is, and the lower the surge immunity of the electronic and electrical equipment is.

Images